Although terlipressin and albumin are effective at treating acute kidney injury-hepatorenal syndrome (AKI-HRS), liver transplantation (LT) is the best treatment. However, it is unclear if an effective treatment with terlipressin and albumin improves post-LT outcomes in these patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of response to treatment with terlipressin and albumin on posttransplant outcomes in patients with AKI-HRS. We analyzed two cohorts of patients with cirrhosis listed for LT between 2012 and 2016: 82 patients who developed AKI-HRS before LT and were treated with terlipressin and albumin and 259 patients without AKI-HRS who received transplants during the study period (control group). After LT, patients were followed up until discharge, every month for the first 3 months, and every 3months thereafter. Of the patients, 43 (52%) responded to terlipressin and albumin. Responders had a better 30-day transplant-free survival (60% vs. 33%, P=0.006), longer LT waiting list time (37 vs. 17days, P=0.041), and lower Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score at the time of LT (23 vs. 29, P=0.007). Among patients with AKI-HRS receiving transplant, nonresponders required renal replacement therapy (RRT) more frequently than responders (20% vs. 0%, P=0.024). Nonresponders had a significantly higher incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) at 1 year after LT than responders (65% vs. 31%, P=0.019). In multivariate analysis, nonresponse to terlipressin and albumin was found to be an independent predictor for CKD at 1 year after LT (subdistribution hazard ratio [SHR]=2.76, P=0.001), whereas responders did not have an increased risk (SHR=1.53, P=0.210). In patients with AKI-HRS, response to terlipressin and albumin reduces the need for RRT after LT and reduces the risk of CKD at 1 year after LT.