Waist Measurements Research Articles

Renal transplant hastalarında idrar sodyum atılımının metabolik sendrom, hipertansiyon ve greft fonksiyonu ile ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesi

Aim: To evaluate the relationship between high sodium intake determined by spot urinary sodium excretion with metabolic syndrome, hypertension, and graft function in renal transplant (RT) recipients.
 Materials and methods: 152 RT recipients were enrolled. The demographic characteristics, office blood pressure (BP) values, height, weight, body mass index, waist and hip measurements, immunesuppressive drugs, other medications and biochemical parameters of the patients were recorded. Spot urinary sodium and spot urinary protein excretions were measured in the first morning urine in all the RT recipients. The patients were grouped as low sodium excretion (≤57) and high sodium excretion (≥58) based on the median value of 57 in spot urinary sodium.
 Results: In the low sodium group; creatinine values were found to be significantly lower (p

Postpartum cardiovascular function in patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a longitudinal study

Women with a history of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases that are usually mediated by the development of cardiovascular risk factors, such as chronic hypertension, metabolic syndrome or subclinical myocardial dysfunction. Increasing evidence has been showing that little time elapses between the end of pregnancy and the development of these cardiovascular risk factors. To assess the persistence of hypertension and myocardial dysfunction at four months postpartum in a cohort of women with HDP and to compare the echocardiographic parameters between the peripartum and the postpartum period. In a longitudinal prospective study, a cohort of women with preterm or term HDP and an unmatched group of women with term normotensive pregnancy were recruited. Women with pre-existing chronic hypertension (n=29) were included in the HDP cohort. All participants underwent two cardiovascular assessments: the first was conducted either before or within one week of delivery (V1: peripartum assessment), and the second was between three and 12 months following giving birth (V2: postpartum assessment). The cardiovascular evaluation included blood pressure profile, maternal transthoracic echocardiography (left ventricular mass index (LVMI), relative wall thickness (RWT), left atrial volume index (LAVI), E/A, E/e', peak velocity of tricuspid regurgitation (TR), ejection fraction (EF), and LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) and twist) and metabolic assessment (fasting glycemia, insulin, lipid profile and waist measurement). Echocardiographic data were compared between V1 and V2 using paired t-test or McNemar test in HDP and in the control groups. Among 260 patients with pregnancies complicated by HDP and 33 patients with normotensive pregnancies, 219 (84.2%) and 30 (90.9%) attended postpartum follow-up, respectively. Patients were evaluated at a median (IQR) of 124 (103-145) days after delivery. Paired comparisons of echocardiographic findings demonstrated significant improvements in cardiac remodeling rates (left ventricular mass index (g/m2) 63.4±14.4 vs 78.9±16.2, p<0.0001; relative wall thickness 0.35±0.1 vs 0.42±0.1, p<0.0001), most diastolic indices (E/E' 6.3±1.6 vs 7.4±1.9, p<0.0001), ejection fraction (EF<55%: 9 (4.1%) vs 28 (13.0%), p<0.0001) and global longitudinal strain (-17.3±2.6% vs -16.2±2.4%, p<0.0001) in the postpartum period compared to the peripartum. The same improvements in cardiac indices were observed in the normotensive group. However, at the postnatal assessment, 153/219 (69.9%) had either hypertension (76/219, 34.7%) or an abnormal global longitudinal strain (125/219, 57.1%), 13/67 (19.4%) had metabolic syndrome and 18/67 (26.9%) exhibited insulin resistance. Although persistent postpartum cardiovascular impairment was evident in a substantial proportion of these patients since more than two-thirds had either hypertension or myocardial dysfunction postpartum, cardiac modifications due to pregnancy-related overload and hypertension were significantly more pronounced in the peripartum than in the postpartum periods.

Rehabilitation effectiveness after radical surgical treatment of endometrial cancer

Aim: to assess an effectiveness of medical rehabilitation after radical surgical treatment of endometrial cancer (EC). Materials and Methods. Post-surgery EC patients were stratified into two groups: the main group included 29 women who underwent the proposed program of complex "active" medical rehabilitation, the comparison group – 32 patients treated in accordance with the approved clinical guidelines. Body mass index (BMI), waist and hip measurements, atherogenic index, serum glucose, leptin, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were analyzed at week 1, as well as 3, 6 and 12 months later. Results. Significant inter-group differences were observed 6 and 12 months later during the follow-up. Starting from 6 months after EC surgical treatment, in the main group BMI decreased reaching 31.14, whereas in the comparison group, it increased up to 35.07 (p &lt; 0.05). Differences in waist and hip measurements became significant by month 6 and 12, respectively, after the onset. The glucose level in the main and comparison group 6 months later was 6.16 ± 0.24 mmol/l and 6.16 ± 0.33 mmol/l, respectively; in the main group it decreased to the norm at month 12 comprising 5.09 ± 0.30 mmol/l, whereas in the comparison group it was higher than normal range reaching up to 5.87 ± 0.27 mmol/l (p &lt; 0. 05). The decrease in the atherogenic index in the main vs. comparison group, which plateaued, became significant at month 6 and 12, respectively. A decrease in serum leptin, TNF-α and IL-6 level was found in the main group, but not in the comparison group. Conclusion. For the first time, a phenomenon of dynamically decreased level of serum pro-inflammatory markers was established during the complex "active" medical rehabilitation of women after radical surgical EC treatment. In addition to the previously verified improvement in the quality of life based on subjective questionnaires and scales, the effectiveness of the proposed medical rehabilitation program for such patients was confirmed by objective methods. This rehabilitation program can be recommended to all EC females in the recovery period after surgical treatment.

Binge Eating, Anxiety, Depression, and personality disorder in a Clinical sample of obese Adult in Egypt

IntroductionObesity is a major public health problem and some developed countries have declared it ‘the modern day epidemic’. One of the major eating disorders that leads to obesity is BED, which involves consuming large quantities of high carbohydrate food. Studying the factors that cause and contribute to BED can help tackle this major health hazard and alleviate a huge burden on the nationalized health service.ObjectivesTo determine the frequency of Binge Eating Disorder (BED) among obese adults, and to study its relationship to depression, anxiety, life stressors, personality and self esteem.MethodsThe sample was a randomised sample of clinically obese individuals, body mass index (BMI) of 30 and above. The sample was collected from two sites; Nutrition Clinic in Student’s Hospital, Cairo University and a Private Nutrition Centre. 250 cases were recruited over one year. All patients were subjected to a clinical interview derived from Kasr El Aini sheet , and measurement of Waist- Hip Ratio. Assessment of depression and anxiety was through Beck Depression Inventory , Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale(TMAS). Other tools used were the Eysenck’s Personality Inventory, Eating Disorder Inventory -2.ResultsBED among obese adults was 48%; 83 % of them had drive for thinness, 25% were bulimics, 45 % had ineffectiveness feeling. Also 83 % had body dissatisfaction, 8% were perfectionism seeking, 43 % showed interpersonal distrust and 25% presented maturity fears. Impulsivity was scored high in 25% , 66.6%had social insecurity and 77% had severe Extraversion. All were statistically significant. On the other hand there were no statistical significant difference between obese adults with BED and those without on TMAS. Half percent of participants with BED and 34.6 percent of participant without BED had moderate level of anxiety. In addition , there were no significant difference between obese participants with BED and those without BED according to BDI. However, 83.3% of obese cases with BED while 60 % for those without BED had manifest depression ranging from mild to severe depression.ConclusionsObese adults with BED have more drive for thinness, body dissatisfaction, feeling of ineffectiveness, perfectionism seeking, interpersonal distrust, maturity fears and social insecurity than non BED. Extraversion and Neuroticism are also more among BED. There were no significance different between both group in relation to Anxiety and Depression.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Effectiveness of Motivational Counseling for Lifestyle Modification in Obese Patients Using a Patient-centered Approach

Obesity is a predictor of a significant number of non-communicable diseases. Reduction of body weight by 5–10 % in 6 months, has a positive effect on the prognosis of life and is one of the goals of treatment. To achieve such goals, there is a need for a patient-oriented approach, where the degree of individualization corresponds to the personal risks and needs of the patient with his involvement in the process of choosing a treatment strategy and forming new flexible life habits through the use of motivational counseling. The objective: is to determine the effectiveness of motivational counseling for lifestyle modification in obese patients of prime working age using a patient-oriented approach. Materials and methods. 37 patients with obesity I (27 people) and II (10 people) degree, aged 38.03±1.27 years (20 women and 17 men) were examined. Patients were given motivational counseling according to the «5 As» system, the patient-oriented approach included recommendations regarding the regime and caloric content of food, physical activity (monitoring with a pedometer), compliance with sleep hygiene, correction of psycho-emotional disorders. Clinical laboratory examination in dynamics after 1 month, 3 months and 6 months included measurements of BMI, waist and hip circumference, body surface area, waist/hip ratio, conicity index, body shape index, abdominal volume index, blood pressure, levels of blood glucose, insulin, HOMA index, cholesterol, lipidogram indicators, serotonin and leptin. In addition, surveys were conducted using the HADS hospital anxiety and depression scale, Beck’s scale, Hamilton scale, Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire, SF-36, The International Physical Activity Questionnaire, The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics, Statistica 12, descriptive statistics Excel 2010. Results. During 6 months of observation, patients lost more than 5 % of their body weight (p&lt;0.05), which was accompanied by a significant decrease in BMI (p&lt;0.01) and an increase in the level of physical activity (p&lt;0.001). The levels of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism exceeded the recommended values and had a positive tendency to decrease during treatment (p&gt;0.05). Assessments of the manifestations of anxiety and depression according to the HADS depression and Hamilton scales, eating disorders, serotonin and leptin levels, quality of sleep, quality of life of patients improved. The prediction of the risk of developing diabetes had significant positive dynamics (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions. The obtained results make prove that the application of of motivational counseling according to the step-bystep system «5 As» with a patient-oriented approach in patients of working age with obesity is an effective method, which is confirmed by reliable positive results and allows to reduce body weight by more than 5 % in 6 months, reduce levels of metabolic disorders, blood pressure, increase physical activity, reduce the manifestations of depression and anxiety, eating disorders, improve the quality of sleep and life of patients, improve the prognosis and reduce the risk of non-infectious diseases. If it is necessary to achieve stricter targets of indicators in obese patients and/or in a shorter time, it is necessary to carry out a further search for effective measures and consider the additional use of pharmaceutical products in prevention.

Abstract P313: Characteristics and Patterns of a Middle-Class Australian Cohort With Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity: A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction: Prevalence rates of cardiometabolic disease are rising, placing a significant burden on healthcare sectors, with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes contributing the most burden and being overweight the most contributing risk factor. With an ageing population, unfavourable risk factor trends and the challenges associated with CVD, we aimed to analyse a group of middle-class Australian adults for patterns in body composition, fitness and function. Methods: Data collected from adults attending a health clinic in eastern Sydney were analysed. Data were self-reported to or measured by an allied health clinician during initial consultations. Conditions reported included those contributing to the Australian disease burden in adults 45 years and over in 2018. Cardiometabolic multimorbidity was defined as the presence of two or more conditions simultaneously. Simple linear and stepwise regressions were used to assess potential relationships. Results: Data from 533 people (mean age 66.6±12.1 yrs; 67% female) were analysed. In total, 418 had a biological cardiometabolic risk factor or diagnosed CVD, of which 85.2% satisfied the criteria for cardiometabolic multimorbidity (73% female; 62% male), with most reporting 2-3 conditions. The most reported was coronary heart disease (64.4%), followed by hypertension (34.6%), type 2 diabetes (12.9%), cerebrovascular (5.1%), chronic kidney (1%) and peripheral artery (1%) disease. There was no relationship between the number of conditions and key outcomes, except for balance (r=0.12; p=0.03). There was a significant relationship between age and greater systolic blood pressure (SBP) (r=0.26; p&lt;0.001), a larger waist (r=0.11; p=0.03) and poorer 6-minute walk (r=-0.38; p&lt;0.001), muscle strength (r=-0.34; p&lt;0.001) and balance (r=-0.30; p&lt;0.001). A high SBP was significantly related to a higher body mass index and waist and lower body strength, with waist and lower body strength being the strongest predictors of higher SBP (p=0.005). A higher waist and lower body strength were significantly related to a poorer 6-minute walk, together with age, accounting for 41% of the variance in performance (p&lt;0.001). Conclusion: Three in 4 Australian adults in this cohort had cardiometabolic multimorbidity, with a greater prevalence in females. Cardiometabolic multimorbidity was unrelated to key body composition parameters or fitness test performance. However, those that were older had a higher waist measurement and poorer lower body strength and performance in the 6-minute walk. Those with higher SBP also had a higher waist and lower body strength. With these fitness measures strongly related to cardiovascular mortality, more older adults need to participate in evidence-based healthy lifestyle education programs to help improve overall body composition, fitness and function, thereby reducing CVD.

Obezite geliştirme riskini öngörebilecek bazı ölçüm parametrelerinin analizi: klinik bir çalışma

Aim: Obesity is a severe and chronic disease, which is currently increasing rapidly. The aim of this study was to reveal some parameters that can predict the risk of obesity and to create a new scale using these parameters.Material and Method: The demographic information of the study subjects was recorded, together with the anthropometric measurements of Body Mass Index (BMI), blood pressure, height, body weight, waist circumference, and hip circumference were recorded.Results: Evaluation was made of 74 subjects, comprising 11 (14.9%) females and 63 (85.1%) males with a median age of 34 years (24-45). Mean body weight was measured as 77.3±12.46 kg, height as 174.3±8.86 cm, waist circumference as 84 (66-103) cm, hip circumference as 97 (83-121) cm, and BMI as 25.4±3.21 kg/m2. It was seen that the risk of developing obesity could increase when age and duration of work increased, with an increased frequency of eating outside the home, in the absence of regular exercise, and when the waist and hip circumference values increased. Regression analysis showed that body weight, waist, and hip circumference measurement values could be used to predict the obesity development risk. Finally, a valid and reliable scale called OBEZRISK was created that would easily predict the risk of obesity development in individuals.Conclusion: The study results showed that body weight, waist, and hip circumference measurement values could be used to predict the risk of obesity development in individuals. It was also concluded that the OBEZRISK scale could be used to predict the risk of developing obesity.

Modifiable lifestyle risk factors for sarcoidosis: a nested case-control study.

We aimed to investigate whether obesity, tobacco use, alcohol consumption and physical inactivity are associated with sarcoidosis risk. We conducted a matched case-control study nested within the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study. Incident sarcoidosis cases (n=165) were identified via medical records and matched to controls (n=660) on sub-cohort, sex, birth and questionnaire date (1:4). Data on lifestyle factors were obtained through questionnaires, and physical measurements of height, weight and waist were collected prior to sarcoidosis diagnosis. Conditional logistic regression estimated adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (aOR; 95% CI). Compared with never-smoking, current smoking was associated with lower sarcoidosis odds (aOR 0.48; 95% CI 0.32-0.71), and former smoking with higher odds (aOR 1.33; 95% CI 0.98-1.81). Snus use was not associated with sarcoidosis. There was an increased odds of sarcoidosis associated with obesity (aOR 1.34; 95% CI 0.94-1.92) but not with overweight (aOR 0.99; 95% CI 0.76-1.30). Compared with those who were physically inactive, those who were active had a 25% higher odds of sarcoidosis (aOR 1.25; 95% CI 0.91-1.72). No association was found with moderate alcohol consumption (aOR 0.95; 95% CI 0.56-1.62). All results were similar when cases diagnosed within 5 years after exposure assessment were excluded, except the aOR for former smoking decreased to 1.1. We observed a reduced sarcoidosis risk associated with smoking, which cannot be fully explained by early symptoms of sarcoidosis influencing smoking habits. Results indicate an increased risk associated with obesity, but not overweight, and being physically active.

Associations of relative fat mass, a new index of adiposity, with type-2 diabetes in the general population

BackgroundRelative fat mass (RFM) is a novel sex-specific anthropometric equation (based on height and waist measurements) to estimate whole-body fat percentage. ObjectiveTo examine associations of RFM with incident type-2 diabetes (T2D), and to benchmark its performance against body-mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). MethodsThis prospective longitudinal study included data from three Dutch community-based cohorts free of baseline diabetes. First, we examined data from the PREVEND cohort (median age and follow-up duration: 48.0 and 12.5 years, respectively) using Cox regression models. Validation was performed in the Lifelines (median age and follow-up duration: 45.5 and 3.8 years, respectively) and Rotterdam (median age and follow-up duration: 68.0 and 13.9 years, respectively) cohorts. ResultsAmong 7961 PREVEND participants, 522 (6.6%) developed T2D. In a multivariable model, all adiposity indices were significantly associated with incident T2D (Pall<0.001). While 1 SD increase in BMI, WC and WHR were associated with 68%, 77% and 61% increased risk of developing T2D [Hazard ratio (HR)BMI: 1.68 (95%CI: 1.57-1.80), HRWC: 1.77 (95% CI: 1.63-1.92) and HRWHR: 1.61 (95%CI: 1.48-1.75)], an equivalent increase in RFM was associated with 119% increased risk [HR: 2.19 (95%CI: 1.96-2.44)]. RFM was associated with incident T2D across all age groups, with the largest effect size in the youngest (<40 years) age category [HR: 2.90 (95%CI: 2.15-3.92)]. Results were broadly similar in Lifelines (n = 93,870) and Rotterdam (n = 5279) cohorts. ConclusionsRFM is strongly associated with new-onset T2D and displays the potential to be used in the general practice setting to estimate the risk of future diabetes.

교대근무 근로자의 대사증후군 유병률 및 관련요인 분석

Purpose: This study looks at the prevalence rate of such metabolic syndrome among shift workers and aims to figure out related risk factors. Method: Data from night duty workers who had special medical examinations in 2014, in a university hospital situated in Incheon, were used. Data of 343 people taking medicine for high blood pressure, diabetes and hyperlipidemia were discarded. Of the remaining 3,305 people, data on their blood pressure, diabetes, waist measurement, neutral fat level and HDL cholesterol level were used. Results: In this study, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in shift workers was found to be 12.7% by applying NCEP's ATPⅢ diagnostic criteria. By analyzing the effects of subjects’ general characteristics, lifestyle and job-related characteristics on prevalence of metabolic syndrome using logistic regression analysis, we found out that prevalence rate was higher for those who are older, are men, smoke and do not exercise have worked in shift for over 10 years, work for over 52 hours a week on average, have worked for more than 4 consecutive days on night duty, have less than 11 hours of rest after work, are not allowed to sleep during working hours. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the result that it is important to help shift workers protect their health through setting reasonable working hours, improving working condition, promoting healthy lifestyle and providing customized management plans that take individual characteristics into consideration.

Bariatric surgery normalizes diabetes risk index by one month post-operation.

The Diabetes risk index (DRI) is a composite of NMR-measured lipoproteins and branched chain amino acids predictive of diabetes mellitus development. Bariatric surgery is indicated in patients with severe obesity, many of whom are at high-risk for developing diabetes. Substantial weight loss occurs following bariatric surgery and sustained weight loss likely contributes to reductions in the development of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, some evidence suggests that bariatric surgical procedures themselves may contribute to reducing risk of these conditions independent of weight loss. We aimed to investigate DRI and its association with reductions in body weight and adiposity over one year following bariatric surgery. We examined 51 severely obese premenopausal women without diabetes. DRI, BMI, body weight and waist measurements were made before and at 1, 6 and 12months after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) or Sleeve Gastrectomy. Values were compared to healthy women with normal BMI (18.5-24.9kg/m2; n = 15). Non-diabetic women with severe obesity (BMI 44.7 ± 6.2kg/m2) exhibited significantly elevated DRI scores prior to surgery versus controls (35 [26, 39] vs 12 [1, 20]; p < 0.0001). At 1month after surgery, BMI decreased 5.1 ± 1.1kg/m2, but DRI decreased so that it no longer differed from that of normal BMI controls (1.9 [1, 17] vs control 12 [1, 20]; p = 0.35). Subjects continued to lose weight, whereas DRI remained similar, throughout follow-up with DRI 1.0 [1, 7] at 12months. Changes in DRI did not correlate with changes in BMI, body weight or waist circumference at any time during follow-up. There was no difference in change in DRI between surgical procedures or pre-operative metabolic syndrome status. Our analysis of DRI scores supports the capacity of bariatric surgery to reduce risk of developing diabetes in severely obese individuals. Our findings suggest that bariatric surgical techniques may have inherent effects that improve cardiometabolic risk independent of reductions in body weight or adiposity.

EVALUATION OF DYNAMIC BALANCE IN WOMEN ACCORDING TO SOME ANTHROPOMETRIC VARIABLES

The aim of the study is to examine the dynamic balance order in women in the context of age, height, body weight, body mass index (BMI), leg length, waist and hip circumference measurement values. Thirty-five female volunteers with a mean age of 39.03 ± 7.51 years were included in the study. Participants' ages, heights, body weights, BMI, leg lengths, waist and hip circumference values were determined. Again, the balance values reached on the Anteroposterior (AP) axis and the balance values reached on the Horizontal axis (ML) were determined, including the right, left and double feet of the participants. In the analysis of the data obtained, descriptive and anova tests were used in the SPSS 22 package program. Among the dynamic balance types, it was determined that only the bilateral AP balance level of the participants differed significantly according to the age variable (p= 0.015) and the right foot AP balance level differed significantly according to the body weight (p= 0.030). It was revealed that the balance types in question did not differ significantly (p&lt;0.05) in all other anthropometric characteristics evaluated. As a result, it was determined that the left foot AP and ML balance values in the variables included in the study were at the level of normal or ideal balance values. On the other hand, the AP and ML balance values of the right foot were generally found to be at the level of weak balance values.

The impact of distance education on physical and mental health among 4th graders during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic introduced additional concerns for childhood obesity, cardiometabolic disorders, and mental health among children from lower socioeconomic status (SES) households. This study aimed to understand how distance education during the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the healthy habits, mental health, and metabolic health of 4th graders in an under-resourced district. 4th graders from 3 elementary schools answered questions about their habits related to diet, physical activity, sleep, and hydration during the pandemic (distance education). Students’ height, weight, waist, and hip measurements were recorded to assess metabolic health. The 4th-grade sample (n = 40) reported an overall more productive learning environment and healthier lifestyle while in school compared to learning at home. Metabolic and mental health screening results suggest that schools and communities should address mental and physical health issues that may have been triggered or exacerbated by distance learning during the pandemic.

İstanbul'da 6-15 Yaş Arası Çocuklarda Obezite Prevalansı

Aim: This research aims to evaluate the prevalence of obesity and nutritional habits in children aged 6-15 in a district of Istanbul.Method: This is a cross-sectional study conducted with 2452 students aged 6-15 in 19 primary schools in Avcılar district of Istanbul. A face-to-face questionnaire was applied about the children's nutrition habits and food consumption frequencies. Children's height, weight, waist and hip circumference measurements were taken. Children were categorized according to Z-scores. Statistics were made using the SPSS 21 program. Results: A total of 47.8% of students were boys, 52.2% were girls. The mean age of the students was 9.47±2.21 years, average BMI was 18.7±3.73 kg/m2. Overweight and obesity prevalence was 20.3% and 13.2%, respectively. The obesity prevalence of 9-y-old was at the highest level, and males were more obese than females (p&amp;lt;0.001). A significant difference was found between obese and non-obese students in terms of snacking while studying and watching TV, and the frequency of some food consumption (p&amp;lt;0.05). Conclusion: It was found that one out of every three children was overweight. In addition to national and international policies, regional and local follow-ups and taking necessary precautions may be beneficial in controlling childhood obesity.

Prevalence of obesity and effect of sport activity on university students in Algeria

Overweight and obesity have become major public health problems affecting most countries worldwide. This article describes the prevalence of overweight and obesity among adult students from Relizane University (western Algeria) and assesses their sports activity, basal metabolism and the relationship between sports activity, basal metabolism and gender. A descriptive survey questionnaire was carried out on 363 students (125 (34.43%) males and 238 (65.56%) females) aged 21.55 ± 2.6 years old. It included open-ended and closed questions and covered the following topics: demographic information (age, gender), anthropometric parameters (body weight, height, waist measurement and hip measurement), sports activity and sleep duration. Moreover, body mass index (BMI) was calculated and relation with sports activity, basal metabolism and gender were assessed. Results showed that 80 students (22.04%) were overweight and 23 students (6.34%) were obese. The number of students with normal BMI (18-24) was 235 (64.74%) and those with BMI <18 were 25 (6.89%). Females had a significantly high waist circumference than males (83.08 ± 11.29 cm vs. 78.64 ± 9.43 cm). There was a strong positive correlation between BMI and waist circumference for females (r = 0.656; p < 0.001) and males (r = 0.697; p < 0.001). Among 363 students enrolled in the study, 171 students were involved in a sporting activity (47.11%) and the duration of sports activity per session for males (1.33 ± 0.4 h; p < 0.001) was significantly higher than for females (1.24 ± 0.54 h). For the four BMI categories, women had significantly lower basal metabolic rates than men. In addition, obese and overweight students have higher basal metabolic rates than students who are normal weight, while underweight students have lower basal metabolic rates (p 0.001). This survey highlighted the prevalence of obesity among students; it can be managed using planning informational and promotional programs for students to encourage their participation in various physical activities.

METHOD OF VERIFICATION OF STANDARD ANTHROPOMETRICAL SURVEYS FOR CLOTHING

The performed research of normative documents made it possible to quantify the technical conditions of anthropometric body measurements and to determine how the nomenclature of anthropometric measurements depends on the classification of clothing. The aim of the study was to develop a methodology for verifying anthropometric measurements of the human body, taking into account the functional characteristics of clothing. A criteria approach to the synchronization of verification means of standards identification of measurement names by measurement method and measurement classification groups (horizontal, vertical, others) was used. Validation of standard measurements for the ergonomic design of garments and harmonization of control measurement code designations in finished garments have been performed. Standard control measurements were interpreted into additional dynamic compliance measurements to take into account the level of deformation of parts during operation and to ensure freedom of movement. Technical regulation of the anthropometric information volume is confirmed by the equivalence of the optimization problems of the considered anthropometric standards in the form of the linear programming problem of the set of anthropometric measurements. The matrix of conditions for fixing anthropometric measurements in six regulatory documents was studied. It was established that the set pair 25 &lt; 28 determines the technical conditions of quality control on the dummy of the finished product. Using basic and auxiliary reference measurements in the clothing size designation provides a flexible combination of chest, waist and hip measurements for women and chest and waist measurements for men. Consideration of the range of additional control vertical measurements is confirmed by calculating the indices of balance in the longitudinal direction of the female figure of size 164-96-104.

EVALUATION OF WEIGHT REDUCTION EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF SIBUTRAMIN-CONTAINING DRUGS IN PATIENTS WITH ALIMENTARY OBESITY

The article presents clinical study results of the efficacy and safety of combination therapy with sibutramine and metformin (fixed combination) in comparison with sibutramine therapy with microcrystalline cellulose in patients with alimentary obesity.The aim is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of using the sibutramine+metformin fixed dose combination (Reduxin® Forte) and compare it with the sibutramine + microcrystalline cellulose combination (Reduxin®) in patients with alimentary obesity in the course of the obesity therapy.Materials and methods. Male and female patients (240 people) aged 18 to 65 years inclusive with alimentary obesity, meeting the inclusion criteria and not meeting the non-inclusion criteria, were randomized into 2 groups in a 1:1 ratio. One group (n=120) received sibutramine+ metformin p. o., 1 tablet (850 mg + 10 mg) once per day, the second group (n=120) received sibutramine+ microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) p. o., 1 capsule (10 mg + 158.5 mg) once per day in the morning. On day 30 ± 1, in the absence of a 2 kg weight loss compared to the first visit, the dose was increased in accordance with the medical instruction. The therapy period was 180 days. The randomization list was generated by the factory method of random numbers. The efficacy and safety were assessed by anthropometric, clinical and laboratory parameters and the SF-36 questionnaire. The proportion of patients who achieved a decrease in body weight by more than 5% in 6 months, the magnitude and dynamics of changes in body weight and body mass index, waist and hip measurements, their ratios, changes in lipid profile, blood pressure, as well as the total number of adverse events, their frequency and nature of occurrence were analyzed.Results. The both drugs have demonstrated efficacy in all parameters of the obesity therapy. At the same time, in a comparative analysis, a statistically significant advantage of therapy with sibutramine + metformin was demonstrated in relation to the proportion of patients who had achieved more than 5% weight loss (body weight dynamics). Significant benefits were shown in terms of the magnitude of the change in body mass index (BMI); there was a statistically significant increase in the proportion of the patients who had switched from one category of BMI to another. By the end of the study, the vast majority of patients had no longer met the criteria for the diagnosis of “Obesity”. There was also a statistically significant benefit of sibutramine + metformin in terms of lowering triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein levels. The analysis of the safety parameters of sibutramine + metformin confirms a high safety profile of the drug, a comparative statistical analysis of adverse events in terms of their presence, severity, causal relationship with therapy and outcome have not revealed intergroup differences. Adverse events were transient and did not require discontinuation of therapy.Conclusion. The results of the study showed that therapy with Reduxin® and Reduxin® Forte provides a pronounced decrease in body weight. However, the use of a fixed combination has a more effective positive effect on the lipid profile and patients’ quality of life, which, combined with a high safety profile, proves the possibility and expediency of using Reduxin® Forte for the treatment of obesity and restoring metabolic health, even in patients without additional carbohydrate metabolism disorders.

O-182 No higher prevalence of metabolic dysfunction among subfertile women in an urban population

Abstract Study question What is the prevalence of metabolic dysfunction, like insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia, hypertension, and/or dyslipidaemia, among subfertile women compared to healthy controls? Summary answer Signs of metabolic dysfunction were not observed more frequently in subfertile women than in controls. Overweight and obese patients were at risk for metabolic dysfunction. What is known already Metabolic dysfunction is known to impair female fecundity as it is linked to a longer time-to-pregnancy and to subfertility. Three times as many PCOS patients are diagnosed with metabolic syndrome than age matched controls. Moreover, a recent study showed a higher prevalence among the entire subfertile population. Metabolic disorders have been connected to the impairment of normal ovarian function and pituitary-hypothalamic axis. Obesity is correlated with menstrual irregularities, ovulation disorders and infertility. On top, it can increase risk of miscarriage and reduce chances with assisted reproductive technologies. Therefore, metabolic dysfunction might also be a driving factor behind unexplained subfertility. Study design, size, duration This cross-sectional observational case control study was performed in a secondary and tertiary care fertility clinic (MUMC+, Maastricht, The Netherlands). Patients were referred to the fertility clinic with either primary or secondary subfertility (inability to conceive after one year of regular unprotected intercourse), controls were healthy, parous women. All participants were aged between 18 and 41 years at time of inclusion. 119 patients and 68 controls were included over a time span of 3 years. Participants/materials, setting, methods A basic medical history was collected using questionnaires. Physical examination included measurement of weight, height, waist and hip circumference, blood pressure and pulse. Venipuncture was performed after an overnight fast on cycle day 2-4; including insulin, glucose, triglycerides, high-density lipid cholesterol, total cholesterol, glomerular filtration rate, urea, uric acid, creatinine, follicle stimulating hormone, estradiol and anti-Mullarian hormone. Urine was collected to measure protein and creatinine. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to Adult Treatment Panel-III guidelines. Main results and the role of chance Body weight and BMI were similarly distributed between patients and controls. Main causes of subfertility comprised male factor (12%), anovulation (20%) and unexplained subfertility (47%). Comparing patients to controls, unexplained subfertility only had slightly higher HDL cholesterol levels (p = 0.046). Anovulatory patients showed 2% higher glucose (p = 0.003) and 133% higher AMH levels (p &amp;lt; 0.001). Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed in 6% of unexplained subfertility patients, in 4% of male factor patients and in 5% of anovulatory patients. No controls were diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. In a comparison of overweight and obese patients to normal weight patients we observed resp. 16% and 37% higher waist circumference (p &amp;lt; 0.001), 7% and 11% higher waist-to-hip ratio (p &amp;lt; 0.01), 37% and 197% higher fasting insulin (p &amp;lt; 0.01), 30% and 198% higher HOMA-IR (p &amp;lt; 0.02) and 8% and 24% higher uric acid levels (p &amp;lt; 0.03). Concomitantly, obese patients showed dyslipidemia with 98% higher triglyceride levels (p &amp;lt; 0.001) and 24% lower HDL cholesterol (p &amp;lt; 0.01). 181% higher AMH levels were found in obese patients (p &amp;lt; 0.01). Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed in 1% of normal weight patients, 4% of overweight patients and in 25% of obese patients. Limitations, reasons for caution Participants were young and remarkably healthy, which might account for the low prevalence of metabolic disorders. It is known that the prevalence of metabolic dysfunction is strongly dependent on socioeconomic and geographic determinants in various populations. Our findings apply to a largely ethnically homogeneous Caucasian female population in the Netherlands. Wider implications of the findings We found that the presence or specific cause of subfertility per se, cannot be regarded as a reliable and strong predictor of metabolic dysfunction, even in anovulatory subfertility. As can be expected, metabolic dysfunction is highly associated with BMI and obese patients should consider lifestyle intervention to prevent future complications. Trial registration number Not applicable

The effect of calf and thigh circumferences in determining brain lesion characteristics in patients with acute stroke: A hospital-based study

The role of stroke risk factors in stroke patterning and differentiation is poorly investigated, especially for measures of body composition. This study aimed to investigate the effect of skinfold thickness, waist and limb circumference measurements in patterning and differentiation of stroke in hospitalized patients. Prospective study of acute stroke patients hospitalized in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital in Nigeria was conducted in 16 months. Biceps brachii, triceps brachii, suprailiac and subscapular skinfold thickness measurements were taken using Skyndex Research Caliper. Upper arm, waist, thigh, and calf circumferences were taken, using an inelastic measuring tape according to the same standards. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, unpaired sample t-test, and Binary logistic regression using SPSS IBM version 20. The results shown that the studied anthropometric parameters, do not only predispose to stroke but tend to determine the specific stroke pathologic type. Thigh circumference predisposes more, and calf circumference predisposes less to ischemic stroke subtype. This means that these studied anthropometric parameters can predict stroke subtype and serve as predisposing factors conclusively.

An Audit of Compliance With NICE Guideline: Obesity: Identification, Assessment and Intervention by the Forensic Community Mental Health Team Based at a Supported Accommodation

AimsIn England, 64.8% of adults are currently classified as overweight or obese, with rates even higher in the North East at 68.6%, especially in adults with severe mental health illnesses. This additional body weight has the potential to increase the risk of developing a number of serious health conditions including diabetes, heart disease and even cancer. Studies have shown that patients with schizophrenia have a 2.8–3.5 increased likelihood of significant weight gain and reduction in life expectancy of 15–20 years, mainly due to preventable physical illness. Monitoring of risk factors for this, particularly weight gain, is therefore crucial. The NICE Guideline (2014) recommends that patients are routinely categorised into BMI categories to assist with obesity identification, management, and monitoring. A waist measurement is also advised to help with risk stratification. Patients with psychosis or schizophrenia, especially those taking anti-psychotics are also recommended to be offered a combined healthy eating and physical activity programme by their mental healthcare provider. Finally, patients with rapid or excessive weight gain, abnormal lipid levels or problems with blood glucose management should be offered appropriate interventions. Our main objective was to identify whether the obesity assessment, monitoring and intervention care delivered by our community team is in line with current guidance.MethodsA total of 12 residents living in community forensic supported accommodation and currently taking antipsychotic medications were included. Data reviewed were from September 2020 to September 2021. Data audited were from electronic medical records.ResultsThis audit found that 10 out of 12 patients (83%) fell into either the overweight or obese BMI categories (seven obese and three overweight). Only four patients had agreed to have their waist circumference measured, which meant only four patients were able to be appropriately risk stratified. One patient was identified as pre-diabetic and another diabetic. All patients identified to be overweight or obese received appropriate lifestyle advice. Qrisk scores, to assess cardiovascular risk, were calculated for the majority of eligible patients, except for two.ConclusionThis audit highlights that patients who are on regular antipsychotic treatment and living in the community are at high risk of obesity and its associated complications. It is important to perform regular health checks in this cohort due to this risk, both to improve their quality of life and prevent significant morbidity and mortality. Waist circumference measurements should be encouraged to enable risk stratification and accurate documentation will enable timely treatment intensification.