Vulnerable Groups In Society Research Articles

The Vulnerability Project: Migrant Workers in Singapore

Governments in Singapore, India, and UK have activated surveillance, restrictive pandemic control policies, and predictive technologies to tackle the spread of COVID-19. Although some of these measures have proven efficacious, many bring with them adverse effects on fundamental rights and liberties which necessitate regulatory and policy monitoring. This project is interested in scrutinizing and critically evaluating the discriminatory consequences of adopted COVID control measures on vulnerable groups in society, thereby positively influencing anti-discrimination policy outcomes and resilience-building across communities.The project suggests that early risk prediction (and response activation) based on identifiable pre-existing social and economic vulnerabilities will reduce the necessity for constrained control responses. Prompt predictive intervention by the State will lessen the associated discriminatory outcomes that arise from pre-existing societal neglect of vulnerable populations and the infliction of intrusive control measures as a regressive policy/regulatory alternative. By further scrutinizing the control measures employed within our various jurisdictions of interest, the project aims to shed light on the interplay between discriminatory State responses and the exacerbation of pre-existing vulnerability features. Through this mapping exercise, the research will facilitate the promotion of more appropriate, ethical and equitable control strategies. The flattening of these pandemic healthcare inequalities will have positive ramifications for human dignity, autonomy, and rights across numerous vulnerable communities including migrant workers, the elderly, and racial minorities. Additionally, the economic benefits in maintaining productivity and reducing intervention costs can be significant. The amelioration of discriminatory outcomes will also enhance and restore public confidence and trust in their respective State authorities leading to more effective pandemic containment. This project will be broken down into several distinct parts. This opening paper applies a theoretical understanding of vulnerability and the vulnerable human condition to a specific use-case. Migrant construction workers living and working in Singapore form the subject of our first empirical exercise. After evaluating the distinct features of Singapore migrant workers’ pre-existing vulnerabilities, the paper examines government control responses directed to this community and discusses potential discriminatory impacts. It is argued that these responses entrench and exacerbate structural and processual disadvantage. Our next paper in the project will provide a comparative analysis of the vulnerability features prevalent in both India and the United Kingdom’s migrant worker population. The respective discriminatory state control responses and its impact on the migrant worker group will also be given strict scrutiny. This comparative exercise will determine common vulnerability themes influencing migrant worker population and enable the generalization of our recommendations for future diagnostic risk prediction enabling earlier and better policy outcomes. Use cases to follow in the project include the elderly living in institutional care homes and those removed from the contact of extended families, and racial minorities with histories of disadvantage in the provision of predictive and preventive health services. These groups will be examined following a similar analytical format in an effort to confirm the thesis that failures to predict risk through pre-emptive prediction exacerbate vulnerabilities and lead to further discrimination through constrained control policy options.

ICTs, data and vulnerable people: a guide for citizens

ICTs, personal data, digital rights, the GDPR, data privacy, online security… these terms, and the concepts behind them, are increasingly common in our lives. Some of us may be familiar with them, but others are less aware of the growing role of ICTs and data in our lives - and the potential risks this creates. These risks are even more pronounced for vulnerable groups in society. People can be vulnerable in different, often overlapping, ways, which place them at a disadvantage to the majority of citizens; Table 3 in this guide presents some of the many forms and causes of vulnerability. As a result, vulnerable people need greater support to navigate the digital world, and to ensure that they are able to exercise their rights. This guide explains where such support can be found, and also answers the following questions: - What are the main ethical and legal issues around ICTs for vulnerable citizens? - Who is vulnerable in Europe? - How do issues around ICTs affect vulnerable people in particular? This guide is a resource for members of vulnerable groups, people who work with vulnerable groups, and citizens more broadly. It is also useful for data controllers1 who collect data about vulnerable citizens. While focused on citizens in Europe, it may be of interest to people in other parts of the world. It forms part of the Citizens’ Information Pack produced by the PANELFIT project, and is available in English, French, German, Italian and Spanish. You are welcome to translate this guide into other languages. Please send us a link to online versions in other languages, so that we can add them to the project website.

The Development of Socially Inclusive Libraries in Šiauliai Region Providing Services for Children and Youth with Special Needs


 
 One of socially vulnerable groups in society, which often faces social exclusion problems, is children and youth with special needs. In Lithuania, children with special needs comprise about 12.5 percent from the total number of children and youth up to 18 years (Statistics Department of Lithuania, 2020). It is a significant part of society and a group of library stakeholders, which needs to have access to library services since the earliest possible participation in educational, social and cultural activities can promote the development of these children. For this reason, it is important to study how library services meet the needs of and to assess how they are prepared to provide services for this group. In order to do this, the aim of this paper was to analyze the possibilities of Šiauliai region libraries social inclusion in the area of services for children and youth with special needs. To achieve this goal scientific literature was analyzed and a structured interview with 25 respondents was carried out by e-mail in empirical research, Research data was analyzed using a categorization method. Scientific literature analysis allowed the author to identify the main areas of library activities and services for children and youth with special needs. Empirical research provided an opportunity to assess how Šiauliai region libraries services meet the needs of children and youth with special needs and to examine their possibilities to maximise libraries social inclusion. Empirical research showed that Šiauliai region libraries social inclusion regarding their services for children and youth with special needs is insufficient in the context of library management, environment adaptation, cooperation development, information on cultural events, on library service dissemination. Regarding library management, there is a need for more detailed research into the needs of this target group, which could help to assess the needs of children and their representatives. Regarding environment and service adaptation, Šiauliai region libraries social inclusion can be raised by improving their infrastructure, technological equipment, expanding the variety of information sources and access to cultural services. It is also important to intensify libraries cooperation with organizations that represent children and youth with special needs and to more actively disseminate information that focuses on this target group.
 
 
 
 

Creating hospitable service systems for refugees during a pandemic: leveraging resources for service inclusion

PurposeThe overarching goal of this paper is to increase awareness among researchers and practitioners that refugees are disproportionally impacted by COVID-19, which increases their suffering. Second, it extends a recently introduced transformative refugee service experience framework by integrating and conceptualizing refugees' resource and service inclusion during a pandemic. Third, it explores lessons learned and implications from the COVID-19 pandemic for the future of service research and practice.Design/methodology/approachThis study synthesizes approaches on refugees, resources and transformative service research to develop an extended framework for addressing one of society's pressing issues during and after pandemics.FindingsRecognizing refugees as providing resources rather than just needing or depleting resources can enable more inclusion. It facilitates refugees' integration into society by drawing on their skills and knowledge. This requires hospitable refugee service systems that enable service inclusion and opportunities for refugee resource integration.Research limitations/implicationsThis article focuses on one vulnerable group in society. However, the extended framework presented warrants broader application to other contexts, such as subsistence marketplaces.Practical implicationsManagers of service businesses and public policymakers should create more inclusive and hospitable service systems for refugees. This may result in redesigning services, changing consumer behavior and reformulating public policy.Social implicationsBetter inclusion and integration of refugees and their resources should increase their individual well-being, reduce social issues in society, increase overall societal well-being and productivity.Originality/valueThis article presents a novel extended framework for service scholars and service providers to increase resource and service inclusion of refugees in a disaster context.

Understanding contributors to quality of care in long-term care and changes under COVID-19

Nursing home facilities are responsible for providing care for some of the most vulnerable groups in society, including the elderly and those with chronic medical conditions. In times of crisis, such as COVID-19 or other pandemics, the delivery of ‘regular’ care can be significantly impacted. In relation to COVID-19, there is an insufficient supply of personal protective equipment (PPE) to care for residents, as PPE not only protects care staff but also residents. Nursing homes across the United States and Canada have also taken protective measures to maximize the safety of residents by banning visitors, stopping all group activities, and increasing infection control measures. This presentation shares a research protocol and early findings from a study investigating the impact of COVID-19 on quality of care in residential long-term care (LTC) in the Canadian province of New Brunswick. This study used a qualitative description design to explore what contributes to quality of care for residents living in long-term care, and how this could change in times of crisis from the perspective of long-term care staff. Interviews were conducted with a broad range of staff at one LTC home. A semi-structured interview guide and approach to thematic analysis was framed by a social ecological perspective, making it possible to include the individual and proximal social influences as well as community, organizations, and policy influencers. Insights gained will improve the understanding of quality of care, as well as potential barriers and facilitators to care during times of crisis.

Shining a light on the experiences of staff working with young homeless people: A grounded theory study

Young people experiencing homelessness represent one of the most vulnerable groups in society. Research which has considered staff experience, has highlighted the importance of the interaction between the workers and the homeless young people. Very few studies have considered the emotional impact of the support worker role in young people’s homeless services. The aim of this study was to investigate the psychological and practical coping skills staff employ to negotiate the demands of their roles, with a focus on how staff work to develop supportive relationships with young homeless people with complex trauma histories. Eleven staff (5 male, 6 female) participated in this research. All the participants were Support Workers employed by the same organisation, supporting youth experiencing homelessness across two urban areas of Wales. Participants engaged in semi-structured interviews exploring their experiences. Data was analysed adopting a Grounded Theory approach. Seven main concepts were identified in the analysis: the need to be “a certain kind of person”; the rewards and challenges of the role; the impact of the organisational context and culture; individual approaches to coping; possible adverse impacts of the role; enjoyment of the role; and personal growth. The interaction between these concepts was considered and conveyed via a proposed model. A theory of balance was developed within which a pivotal process was the fluctuation between feeling supported by the organisation and coping well and feeling unsupported and struggling to cope. It is hoped that the findings from this research will directly inform clinical practice regarding psychologically based interventions for staff in settings for young people experiencing homelessness and be a valuable contribution to the scarce research literature on services for young homeless people.

RISK REDUCTION MANAGEMENT PREPAREDNESS OF STRASUC OLYMPICS: A DISASTER RESPONSE AND GOVERNANCE

Southern Tagalog Regional Association of State Universities and Colleges (STRASUC) Olympics is a densely populated event and composed of players that are one of the most vulnerable groups in society. To reduce this vulnerability, particularly in sports events, it is important to provide a Disaster Management Plan. STRASUC also have many resources and therefore, has a responsibility towards its immediate locality, just as the neighboring community is linked to them.Pursuant to Republic Act (RA) No. 10121 entitled The Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010, an act mandated to strengthen disaster management in the Philippines, which mandates all national government agencies to institutionalize policies, structures, coordination mechanisms and programs with continuing budget appropriation on Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) from national to local levels including CHED guidelines on DRRMO, which is mandated to initiate and spearhead the establishment of mechanisms to prepare, guarantee protection and increase resiliency of STRASUC constituents in the face of disaster, CHED issues the enclosed coordination and information management protocols in STRASUC offices to establish the system of coordination and information management and provide guidance to STRASUC offices on their respective roles and functions relative to DRRM implementation.Furthermore, Commission on Higher Education (CHED) issues the enclosed Comprehensive Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) in their lecture to ensure resilience-building in universities to maintain quality education even during disasters and/or emergencies.The DRRM office institutionalizes the culture of safety at all levels, to systematize the protecytion of education investments and to ensure continued delivery of quality education services. It shall serve as the focal and coordinative unit for DRRM-related activities. The DRRMO shall perform the following specific functions: Act as the focal point in planning, implementing, coordinating and monitoring of activities related to DRRM, EiE and CCA. Develop aznd recommend policy standards and actions on management on DRRM/EiE/CCA matters. Initiate and coordinate cooperation and collaborative activities with the national government agencies, NGO and CSO.

Effect of group-based logotherapy on imprisoned women’s level of hope: a randomized controlled trial (RCT)

PurposeFemale prisoners are a vulnerable group in society, often exposed to emotional deprivation and violent experiences and in need of support and attention due to mental health problems. The purpose of this study is to find out whether logotherapy, as an existential approach that emphasizes finding the true meaning in life, can affect imprisoned women’s level of hope, as well as investigating the relationship between participants’ criminological and demographic factors.Design/methodology/approachThis study comprised a clinical trial with pre-test and post-test, carried out in two groups of intervention and control. The research environment for the study was the Prison Training Center of Shiraz. In total, 90 imprisoned women participated in the study, with the intervention group attending 10 sessions of group logotherapy. Two questionnaires, the Miller Hope scale and demographic and criminological information questionnaires were used for assessment. Participants were evaluated in three periods before, immediately after and one month after the intervention.FindingsThe results showed that logotherapy had a significant effect on increasing the feeling of hopefulness (p = 0.001). Therefore, using the logotherapy approach in other vulnerable groups is recommended.Originality/valueThis study can be a basis for further research due to limited studies on the mental health of women prisoners in the country.

The Difficulty of Defining Sensitive Data – the Concept of Sensitive Data in the EU Data Protection Framework

The concept of sensitive data has been a mainstay of data protection for a number of decades. The concept itself is used to denote several categories of data for which processing is deemed to pose a higher risk for data subjects than other forms of data. Suck risks are often perceived in terms of an elevated probability of discrimination (or related harms) to vulnerable groups in society. As a result, data protection frameworks have traditionally foreseen a higher burden for the processing of sensitive data than other forms of data. The sui generis protection of sensitive data (stronger than the protection of non-sensitive personal data) can also seemingly be a necessity from a fundamental rights-based perspective (as indicated by human rights jurisprudence). This paper seeks to analyse the continued relevance of sensitive data in both contemporary and potential future contexts. Such an exercise is important for two main reasons. First, the legal regime responsible for the regulation of the use of personal data has evolved considerably since the concept of sensitive data was first used. This has been exemplified by the creation of the EU's General Data Protection Regulation in Europe. It has introduced a number of requirements relating to sensitive data that are likely to represent added burdens for controllers who want to process personal data. Second, the very nature of personal data is changing. Increases in computing power, more complex algorithms and the availability of ever more potentially complimentary data online mean that more and more data can be considered of a sensitive nature. This creates various risks going forward, including an inflation effect whereby the concept loses its value and also the possibility that data controllers may increasingly seek to circumvent complying with the requirements placed upon the use of sensitive data. This paper analyses how such developments are likely to influence the concept of sensitive data and in particular its ability to protect vulnerable groups form harms. The authors propose a possible interpretative solution: a hybrid approach where a purpose-based definition acquires a bigger role in deciding whether data is sensitive combined with a context-based ‘backstop’ based on reasonable foreseeability.

Refugees in Sweden During the Covid-19 Pandemic-The Need for a New Perspective on Health and Integration.

Refugees are already a vulnerable group in society and are in a stressful situation due to their often uncertain legal status in seeking asylum and integration in the new society after migration. Refugees are, in general, at greater risk of poor health outcomes when contracting Covid-19, exacerbated by poor living conditions and difficulties in accessing healthcare. The longer-term social consequences of the pandemic also disproportionately impact refugees, including social isolation, unemployment, and difficulties to obtain correct health information. The aim of this paper is to review the social and health consequences that Covid-19 has brought to the refugees residing in Sweden. This needs to be emphasized in order to mitigate against these likely consequences and improve the overall well-being among such a highly vulnerable group in society. As Covid-19 demonstrates, human health needs to be understood holistically, meaning that the vulnerability of any individuals, or even nations, is a vulnerability for the whole population requiring urgent action.

Public Libraries in Increasing the Digital Inclusion of Socially Excluded Groups in Society

In today’s world, information and communication technologies (ICT) and the ability to use their potential effectively, provide access to the latest information, digital services, communication, prompt inclusion in the labour market, participation in lifelong learning, and are an integral part of the successful functioning of society (Ekbia, 2016; Fabre and Popova, 2017). At the same time, the growing importance of ICT creates new challenges in ensuring equal opportunities for all, without exception, to have access to technological equipment, the Internet, the development of digital competences and digital services, and to enable them to use ICT effectively. The need to increase digital inclusion is particularly important in this area. Digital inclusion is associated with enabling socially excluded groups in society to use digital technologies effectively: for effective communication, participation in various activities, involvement in society and community (Real et al. 2014; Newman et al. 2017). The goals of digital inclusion are inseparable from the goals of social inclusion (Farooq et al., 2015; Beyene, 2018), in which the inclusion of all persons without exception, especially those belonging to socially excluded groups, in society and community is important. Caruso (2014), Bertot (2016), Borg and Smith (2018), Beyene (2018), Strover et al. (2020) note that digital inclusion comprises three key principles: access to the latest technologies, ICT adoption and application. The principle of application is the most important principle. It comprises the effective use of ICT, digital information and digital competences for learning, employment, self-education, civic participation, health strengthening and other purposes.Public libraries are very important organizations in increasing digital inclusion. In order to increase digital inclusion, public libraries should carry out activities aimed at providing access to ICT and the Internet, improving the digital competences and offering digital services. In this area, it is particularly important for public libraries to exploit the potential of their wide network of institutions, the variety of free services and possibilities to cooperate with other organizations. These aspects exclude public libraries from other institutions, enabling them to involve more people in digital inclusion activities and reach the most vulnerable groups of society that often experience social exclusion (Yılmaz and Cevher, 2015; Casselden, Pickard and McLeod, 2015; Appleton et al. 2018; Wyatt, Mcquire and Butt, 2018). The need to foster digital inclusion highlights the necessity to assess the activities of public libraries in increasing digital inclusion empirically. The aim of this article is to investigate the activities of public libraries in increasing the digital inclusion and to identify possible directions for the improvement of digital inclusion. The case of Šiauliai region was chosen for the empirical research. The methods of scientific literature content analysis, structured E- mail interview, systematization and generalization of collected data and secondary data analysis were employed in this research.The empirical research has shown that the activities of Šiauliai region libraries in the field of increasing digital inclusion include the main ones discussed in the scientific literature (Caruso, 2014; Nemer, 2015; Bertot, 2016; Luterek 2017; Beyene, 2018; Gregg and McKendry, 2018; Strover et al. 2020); ensuring free access to ICT and the Internet, developing digital competences and providing digital services. Free access to ICT and the Internet offered by public libraries is important for people with disabilities and seniors, providing opportunities to take care of health, communicate with relatives and save money. Digital literacy training in libraries, individual consultations and some digital services (e.g. e-books, virtual events) are relevant to these target groups. However, the involvement of people with disabilities and seniors in these activities is insufficient, especially in the area of access to digital services. The empirical research showed that the involvement of these target groups in the digital inclusion activities offered by libraries is limited. This limitation is caused by such reasons as lack of personal motivation, lack of digital skills, not adapted libraries infrastructure and technological equipment and lack of information about these activities.Taking these aspects into account, it is recommended for public libraries to increase the diversity of access to digital services, intensify initiatives to publicize information about these services and develop cooperation with organizations, representing these target groups (care homes, associations of the disabled, organizations representing seniors, daycare centers, etc.). This cooperation could increase the involvement of people with disabilities and seniors in the activities offered by libraries and contribute to the increase of digital inclusion.

((جرائم العنف الجنسي ضد الأطفال ((دراسة مقارنة

The child is the bud of life and the right of life in this life is a fundamental right, from which several rights are protected and surrounded by safety until he reaches the age that makes him physically, mentally and psychologically qualified to take over his duties and his duties towards his society and the direction of others.The rights of the child to protection have been little or significant since the inception of the first human being. However, the need for development and the protection of the human race that human senses have begun to create different rights for the child do not in themselves constitute real protection for them . Until it culminated in the era of Islamic light, which embodied the highest forms of protection for this sensitive vulnerable group in society. Voices from around the world called on States to actively intervene through criminal texts to ensure the child's right to be protected from ill-treatment, especially after the international community has issued numerous international instruments and declarations dealing with the rights of the child. The most important of these are the 1989 Convention on the Rights of the Child, On the life and development of the child as well as the preservation of his identity and his right to education, health and comfort and to have a standard of living adequate for its growth as well as protect it from exploitation and all kinds of violence. Sexual violence against children involving a child under the age of 18 years, rape or exploitation of sexual activity is not fully understood and can not be granted. The conduct of the offender is contrary to the laws, customs, traditions and customs of the community. The child's physical and mental health, mental, psychological and social well-being are seriously jeopardized. The child is characterized by weak physical strength and poor mental abilities. Therefore, the international system should have called upon the ratifying States to protect the rights that have been adopted in favor of the child With special criminal provisions to protect him from crimes of sexual violence.Sexual violence against children constitutes a grave violation of the rights of the child. It represents a global reality in all countries of the world, but it has become a real phenomenon of concern especially in recent times and in some countries such as Iraq, Syria, Libya and other countries that have become visible as a result of war, displacement, The other reasons, and this calls for immediate treatment through the intervention of the criminal law in most of the world, including Iraqi and Syrian law, the subject of our research, to criminalize these acts protect a range of rights and interests, including: the protection of the right to sexual freedom of the female, The protection of the family entity from collapse and the protection of the offspring from mixing and protecting the social entity from the scourge of moral corruption, and immunization of society from sexual and reproductive diseases. At the national and international levels, this law prohibits any activity that takes the form of rape, sodomy, sexual harassment, sexual exploitation in prostitution or pornographic material Since the Criminal Code is one of the most widely used instruments of the State to protect the legal status of persons and to protect human rights from potential attacks and the conviction of the Iraqi and Syrian legislators of the importance of repudiation and punishment in protecting vulnerable parties within society, for example, their legislation included significant repudiation provisions that criminalize any act or omission May result in a form of sexual violence against children.Thus, by extrapolating the texts of the criminal law of both Iraq and Syria, as well as some of the texts contained in other laws or independently, our research entitled "Sexual Violence Against Children" focused on a scientific plan consisting of two subjects: In the second, I refer to the types of crimes that sexual violence against children has included and we deal with successively and through three demands. First we address the crime of rape and homosexuality. In the second child to indecent assault against the child crime and in the third to the crime of sexual exploitation against children and Khtmana We discussed with the most important conclusions and recommendations

Birinci Basamak Avrupa Forumu’nun COVID-19 Bildirgesi: Kırılgan Gruplar Üzerindeki Etkilerin Azaltılması

On behalf of its members and partnering institutions the European Forum for Primary Care (EFPC) has prepared this brief statement based upon four focus groups and a two-part survey. It is our intention that this statement draws attention to the impacts that the current COVID-19 pandemic will have on two vulnerable groups of society; within the field of mental health and elderly populations. Furthermore, we wish to highlight the collateral damage as a result of health systems operating within ‘COVID-19 Mode’. Based upon this statement, the EFPC has also created several messages for health policy which can be used as a rough guidance when implementing and/or creating policy.

Challenges and opportunities confronting female-headed households in Iran: a qualitative study

BackgroundFemale-headed households are one of the most vulnerable groups of society that confront many problems and challenges. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the challenges and opportunities confronting female-headed households in Iran.MethodsThis qualitative study was conducted among female-headed households in Kermanshah, West of Iran, in 2019. The data were collected through Semi-structured interviews with 26 female-headed households who were selected by purposeful and theoretical sampling. Data analysis was done through conventional qualitative content analysis, and the software MAXQDA-12 was used for the management of data. The four criteria of Goba and Lincon, including credibility, confirmability, dependability, and transferability, were observed to evaluate the quality of research results.ResultsAfter analyzing the data, 4 main categories and 13 subcategories were obtained as follows: individual problems (role overload, role conflict, end of love, psychological problems), intra-family problems (declined independence, intra-family tension, poverty reproduction and family disability), social problems (stigma of being unattended, social insecurity, social isolation, social exclusion), positive outcomes (positive self-concept, social maturity).ConclusionFemale-headed households face many challenges that can become a big threat or an opportunity. Therefore, their health improvement can be achieved through training and helping them to adapt to new and multifaceted roles, providing more economic support and helping them raise their social status.

A not so undesirable status? Widowhood options and widows’ living conditions in post-emancipation rural Estonia

ABSTRACT Widowhood has been a strongly gendered experience, and elderly widows, in particular, have traditionally been seen as one of the most vulnerable groups in society. This article observes remarriage behaviour and widows’ living conditions in the Russian Baltic province of Livland in the post-emancipation era. Detailed findings are presented for one community in the parish of Paistu and two communities in the parish of Helme. The article combines cross-sectional and longitudinal population data with community court records. The article aims to show that if the economic situation of the widowed people improved in the post-emancipation era, older widows (>40) increasingly used possible alternatives to remarriage. The area of investigation was characterised by low propensity to remarry (less than 20%) and the likelihood of remarriage among the landless diminished over the course of the nineteenth century, but among landholding peasants, the decline became more pronounced in the second half of the century. The vast majority of the farmer widows and over half of the landless widows lived with their children, unmarried or married. The upkeep of the elderly was arranged through intergenerational cohabitation both among the farmers and the landless. Court records indicate that farmers’ widows were properly provided for and, if the children happened to be reluctant, the court compelled them to fulfil their legal obligations to their mother or stepmother. The average number of years spent in widowhood was 19 years and approximately 60% of all women widowed between 1834 and 1885 lived longer than 65 years.

Causas y consecuencias de la Pandemia COVID-19. De la inmovilidad de la humanidad a la circulación desconcentrada de personas

La prevención de las transmisiones comunitarias de virus y las enfermedades que conllevan, requieren análisis diferenciados. El presente trabajo se propone abordar algunas de las medidas que se han implementado en el marco de la emergencia sanitaria provocada por la pandemia COVID-19, desde un abordaje socio-jurídico crítico de inclusión por el ejercicio de derechos. El texto comienza con un breve análisis de las causas que están en la génesis de las pandemias, centrando la atención en el rol de los Estados Modernos y sus políticas neoliberales, respecto de los derechos de los pueblos que los integran. Posteriormente se analizan las medidas socio-sanitarias destinadas a gestionar las consecuencias de la pandemia, en especial las que se adoptaron para evitar la transmisión comunitaria del virus SARS-Cov-19, enfatizando en el denominado aislamiento social preventivo y obligatorio. Seguidamente se pormenoriza en las situaciones de los grupos más vulnerabilizados de la sociedad, como las mujeres, las familias monomarentales, los pueblos originarios, la población migrante y las/os trabajadores/as precarizados. Finalmente, se propone un modelo de abordaje de los desastres, las catástrofes y otras situaciones críticas como la pandemia, basado en una restricción de derechos selectiva y la contención comunitaria de la salud mental de toda la población.

The Case For Animal Protection Curricula in Schools in Hong Kong

In a city like Hong Kong where animal protection laws replicate outdated British legislation from the early 1900s, extensive educational measures must be taken to raise students’ collective awareness of animal welfare and rights, in order to meet the pressing environmental, social, and moral demands of a rapidly developing society. This article argues that the study of animal protection in Hong Kong school curricula is essential to raising future generations of responsible and empathetic community leaders and members. Not only can such curricula encourage students to make well-informed, healthy, and environmentally-conscious choices as consumers, it also challenges the speciesist “hidden curricula” perpetuated in schools, developing students’ critical and independent thinking skills and empowering them to regain ownership over and accountability for their decisions. It instils empathy in students towards animals, as well as vulnerable groups in society that share a similar narrative of oppression and exploitation, such as women and ethnic minorities. This article refutes the critique of animal protection curricula being a form of indoctrination by challenging the notion that any education system can be truly value-free.

NEEDS OF CLIMATE MIGRANT ELDERLY WOMEN: A STUDY AMONG THE SLUM DWELLER IN DHAKA CITY

Elderly women are the vulnerable groups in society in terms of climate change, movement; haphazard growth and unhealthy environment are the target group for this research. Climate migrant’s start living in urban slums are in search of better and secure life. If the number of elderly women are not qualified, it will be burden for development. So as to maximize the role of service to elderly, it is need to know the first needs of elderly women, in this case, the present study attempted to determine the needs of climate migrant older women in slum area. But urban slums located mostly in low lying environmentally hazardous area coupled with inadequate facilities like food, shelter, sanitation, health care make their life even worse. This paper is a descriptive type of quantitative study conducted at Dhaka to review all essential need for living as elderly women slum dwellers after climate migration. The study conducted on slum of Dhaka with purposive sample survey, KII and in depth qualitative interview of selected climate migrant elderly women slum dwellers while purposive sample size of 50. The basic needs of elderly women in the slum areas not only allowance but also the health needs of the comfort, work skill rendering their body fitness, infrastructure and recreation facilities are the identified indicators of this paper. It is hoped that relevant parties can plan to meet the needs of climate migrant elderly women in slum area to provide services according to the expected demand. KEY WORDS: Climate migrants, elderly women, needs, slum dwellers, Dhaka City.

Aims for, and access to, career development

Career guidance is viewed as a policy instrument to support the achievement of a broad range of social policy goals for different segments of the population by most of the 33 countries taking part in this International Symposium. For young people, such goals include preparation for work and successful transitions to education, training, and employment. For adults, they concern upskilling and reskilling, employment and employability, and managing multiple work transitions. For employers, they concern addressing skills shortages and workforce adaptability. For education systems, they are seen as a way to improve their efficiency and effectiveness - the retention, performance, and progression of students. For vulnerable groups in society, they concern social mobility through education and workforce participation. However, despite these high expectations, in many countries, access to career guidance services is limited in the education sector and exists mainly for the unemployed in the employment sector. Employers, people living in rural areas and disadvantaged adults in general have the most difficulties in accessing services. Policy expectations for career guidance, especially in the employment sector, are not matched by the quantity and quality of resources provided by government for such services and programmes. The public is rarely consulted in the development of policies for career guidance provision and in the design of services, despite the personal nature of such services. The use of customer feedback on career guidance provision is greatly underdeveloped in many countries, again despite the personal nature of such services, but some good examples of service and product codesigning are emerging. Ethical codes for career practitioners exist in countries with long-established career guidance systems but few provide advice to practitioners on how to deal with dilemmas arising from active labour market policies at the customers’ level. The general status and standing of the codes themselves are questionable.

Climate Migrant Elderly Abuse and Neglect: A Study in Slums of Dhaka, Bangladesh

Bangladesh many older people spend their life in not only the unwell health but also in poverty which is major risk for the elderly population. This is especially true for older women, who suffer from various difficulties ensuing from prejudices to gender, widowhood and old age. Climate migrants start living in urban slums are in search of better and secure life. But urban slums located mostly in low lying environmentally hazardous area coupled with inadequate facilities like food, shelter, sanitation, health care make their life even worse. Older Women are the vulnerable groups in society in terms of climate change, movement; haphazard growth and unhealthy environment are the target group for this research. This study represents the nature and extent of elderly abuse of climate migrant urban poor women slum dwellers in Dhaka city in Bangladesh context. Besides, this paper also observe the socio-economic status of the study respondents and try to find out the self-stated reasons of elderly abuse. This study conducted both quantitative and qualitative types study on two slums of Dhaka with purposive sample survey, KII and in depth qualitative interview of selected climate migrant slum dwellers while purposive sample size of 50. Decreasing in earning capacity, inability and economic dependency, health hazard, maladjustment, changing social values have a separate role in the connection of older abuse. Planned migration, awareness program implantations against elderly abuse and secured socioeconomic factors are suggested through this paper to lessen exposure to further neglecting of elderly climate migrant women in urban slums.