Von Szily Research Articles

RESULTS OF INTRA-OCULAR INOCULATION OF TRACHOMA: On the question of the "follicle-building agent" of von Szily

RESULTS OF INTRA-OCULAR INOCULATION OF TRACHOMA: On the question of the "follicle-building agent" of von Szily

MALFORMATIONS OF THE POSTERIOR SEGMENT OF THE HUMAN EYE

An exposition of the pathogenesis of malformations must of necessity be based on the knowledge of the normal development of the structures involved. The present conception of the malformations of the posterior segment of the eye has been greatly influenced and simplified by the investigations concerning the morphogenesis of the optic papilla and by demonstration of some of the characteristic inherent qualities of the ectodermal anlage. The interesting studies and wax model reconstructions of von Szily 1 showed that all the early embryonic events, such as formation of the cleft, of the primary dorsal fold, and of the ventral fold, which becomes the link ( Schaltstuck ) between the retina and the optic stalk and therewith the first anlage of the primitive epithelial papilla, take place only preparatory to the formation of the latter. Thus, in the rather complex development of the primitive papilla there lies the possibility of

Detachment of the Retina; Operative Technique and Treatment.

This small book does not pretend to discuss the subject of retinal detachment completely. There is no consideration of the pathogenesis or even a description of the various clinical types of detachment. Marshall is wholly concerned with the treatment of detachment by modern operative methods. Four types of procedure are described— the cautery puncture of Gonin, the chemical method of Guist and of Lindner, the method of electrocoagulation of Weve and of Šafář and the use of electrolysis by Vogt and by von Szily. The descriptions include practical details observed by the author in most of the clinics where the procedures were first employed and details noted by him in his own operations. Preparation for the operation is properly emphasized, the most important part of which is localization of the retinal tear that is usually present. This is mapped out in relation to various landmarks, and its position is recorded

PARTIAL RUPTURE OF THE LAMINA CRIBROSA FROM CONTUSION OF THE EYEBALL

Injury of the optic in the scleral canal is rare and usually results from a penetrating wound of the eye (Parsons 1 ). Clinical cases of indirect rupture of the lamina cribrosa have been recorded by Lang, 2 Cramer 3 and Gonin. 4 As the eyeball was not removed in these cases, microscopic descriptions are lacking. Wagenmann 5 did not mention indirect rupture of the lamina cribrosa in the Handbuch der gesamten Augenheilkunde (von Graefe and Saemisch), nor did von Szily 6 in his atlas of war injuries. Ronne 7 considered that evulsion of the optic nerve had been described from twenty to twenty-five times but that it must in all probability be much more common. Only five of the instances which he collected from the literature had been caused by indirect injury. Lister, 8 discussing concussion changes met with in military practice, suggested the name expulsion of the optic

Local Organ Hypersensitiveness

Abstract The injection of small amounts of a foreign protein into the anterior chamber of the rabbit's eye produces an altered reaction capacity in this organ. After an appropriate incubation period the intravenous injection of the same antigen results in a transitory inflammatory response in the prepared eye. This was first demonstrated by Kummel (1), Fuchs and Meller (2), Von Szily (3) and by Riehm (4). Seegal and Seegal (5) studied the phenomenon, using a number of different antigens and established certain facts from which they inferred that the inflammatory eye response was the result of an antigen antibody reaction. The three main reasons for such a conclusion were: (a) an incubation period of at least five days is necessary before the reaction in the eye can be demonstrated. (b) The reaction is highly specific since only the protein injected into the eye will produce the local response on subsequent intravenous injection.

THE ETIOLOGY OF SYMPATHETIC OPHTHALMIA

In 1924, von Szily 1 reported experiments with herpes virus from herpetic keratitis, with which he produced uveitis in the eyes of rabbits, which was transmitted to the opposite eye, giving a clinical and histologic picture resembling sympathetic ophthalmia. In 1926, we 2 reported experiments which confirmed his work, and gave added evidence that the process in these animals was one of extension in the nerves and chiasm to the opposite eye. Von Szily had advised inoculation of uveal tissue from eyes enucleated for sympathetic ophthalmia into a subscleral pouch in animals. We suggested that the chances were against the production of an involvement of the second eye by this method, as it succeeded with herpes virus in only 10 per cent of cases, and the occurrence of the involvement evidently depended on a number of circumstances. In the absence of ordinary bacteria, the production of uveitis in

SYMPATHETIC UVEITIS CAUSED BY THE VIRUS OF HERPES SIMPLEX

In 1924, von Szily 1 reported the results of a series of experiments in which, using material from herpetic lesions of the human cornea, he was able to produce uveitis in the eyes of rabbits, which was transmitted to the other eye. Reasoning that the cause of sympathetic ophthalmia, in view of the almost constant negative results of examinations for the ordinary bacteria, must be of a different nature, he determined to try the effect of an ultramicroscopic virus, which was known to travel by predilection in nerve tissue. The virus of herpes simplex, which was shown by Gruter, Lowenstein and others to cause dendritic ulcers of the cornea and other forms of keratitis, was chosen as possessing the desirable properties. His technic was to inoculate material from a herpetic lesion of the human cornea on the cornea of a rabbit by scarification. After from twenty-four to forty-eight hours, when

Atlas of war ophthalmology:A. von Szily. Collection of the war ophthalmological observations and experiences at the eye clinic of the University of Freiberg i. Br. With a preface by Prof. T. Axenfeld. 589 pp. with 511 illustrations and 77 plates, 65 of which are colored. Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart, 1918. (See also A. J. O. v. 3, p. 365.)

Atlas of war ophthalmology:A. von Szily. Collection of the war ophthalmological observations and experiences at the eye clinic of the University of Freiberg i. Br. With a preface by Prof. T. Axenfeld. 589 pp. with 511 illustrations and 77 plates, 65 of which are colored. Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart, 1918. (See also A. J. O. v. 3, p. 365.)