Voluntary Sampling Method Research Articles

Comparative Study of the Effectiveness of Matrix Training and tDCS Treatments on Positive and Negative Affects and Craving in Substance Abusers

Background: Substance dependence is acknowledged as one of the major social and health issues inflicting severe and profound physical and psychological harm, as well as numerous social damages, such as divorce and unemployment. The present study aimed to make a comparison between the effectiveness of Matrix training and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) treatments on positive and negative affects and craving in substance abusers who referred to Ahwaz addiction treatment centers within 2018-2019. Materials and Methods: The present semi-experimental study was conducted using a pre-test post-test control group design with a two-month follow-up. The study population consisted of all substance abusers who referred to Ahwaz addiction treatment centers within 2018-2019. A total of 60 volunteers were selected by voluntary sampling method and randomly assigned to Matrix training (n=20), tDCS (n=20), and control (n=20) groups. Data were collected by The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and Desire For Drug Questionnaire and were analyzed in SPSS software (version 22). Results: Based on the obtained results, Matrix, tDCS, and control groups were significantly different in terms of positive and negative affects and craving (P<0.001). Moreover, it was found that Matrix training and tDCS were effective on positive and negative affects and cravings (P<0.001); nonetheless, no significant difference was observed between the matrix and tDCS groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Generally speaking, it can be concluded that Matrix training and tDCS methods are equally effective in emotions and craving.

Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kepatuhan WPOP Pelaku E-Commerce di Kota Semarang pada Platform Online Marketplace Blibli.com

Abstract - The development of online trading is based on the ease for businesses to promote their goods and does not require more costs because there is no need for a physical store. The activity of buying and selling goods and / or services through internet media is known as electronic commerce (hereinafter referred to as e-commerce).This study aims to analyze and obtain empirical evidence about the influence of the variable tax socialization, understanding of taxation, awareness of taxpayers, and tax sanctions on the compliance of e-commerce actors in the city of Semarang on the BliBli.com online marketplace platform. The population of this research is e-commerce individual taxpayers in the city of Semarang on the Blibli.com online marketplace platform. The sampling technique uses non-probability sampling with voluntary sampling method. Samples obtained were 65 respondents. The data analysis technique used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis based on Partial Least Square (PLS) with SmartPLS 3.0 analysis tools. This study shows that tax socialization has a negative and not significant effect on the compliance of e-commerce actors in fulfilling tax obligations. Understanding taxation and awareness of taxpayers has a positive and significant effect and tax sanctions have a positive but not significant effect on the compliance of e-commerce actors in meeting tax obligations.Keywords: E-Commerce Taxpayer Compliance

Mediating role of Cognitive Fusion in the Relationship of Mindfulness and Test Anxiety among Female Undergraduate Students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz

Introduction: Test anxiety, is one of the Psychological-educational problems that have a higher prevalence in female students. Mindfulness and cognitive fusion can play a remarkable role in explaining psychological problems. The aim of current research was to investigate the mediating role of Cognitive fusion in the relationship of mindfulness and test anxiety among female undergraduate students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. Methods: the current research design is Descriptive correlation and the used method is Structural equation based on Partial least squares approach. A sample of 120 people were selected by Voluntary sampling method from the population of female Undergraduate students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. Test anxiety questionnaire, short form of mindfulness inventory and cognitive fusion questionnaire were used for data collection. The gathered data were analyzed by SPSS 21 and SmartPLS 2 software at the level of 0.01. Result: findings showed mindfulness negatively predict Cognitive fusion and test anxiety (P> 0.01). Also mindfulness could indirectly predict test anxiety with the mediating role of Cognitive fusion (P > 0.01). Conclusion: The findings of this study represent the importance of mindfulness and Cognitive fusion in explaining the test anxiety and Cognitive fusion has a mediating role between mindfulness and test anxiety. Thus In order to reduce psychological-educational problems (Such as test anxiety), Mindfulness skills training courses can be held.

The comparative effectiveness of parental behavior management training and schema therapy on aggression and oppositional defiant in adolescents

Context: Adolescents with conduct disorder have many problems in oppositional defiant and aggressive behaviors, which can be exacerbated by not treating these problems. Aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of parental behavior management training and schema therapy on aggression and oppositional defiant in adolescents. Settings and Design: This was a semi-experimental study with two experimental and control groups with pre- and posttest plan. Materials and Methods: The statistical population of this study included all 63 adolescents girls and boys with conduct disorder in Ahvaz city in 2019, that using the voluntary sampling method, 45 of them were selected and randomly divided into two experimental groups and one control group (each group of 15 people). To collect the data of aggression questionnaire of Buss and Perry (1992) and oppositional defiant questionnaire of Harada et al. (2004) was used. The experimental groups underwent parental behavior management training (9 sessions 60 min) and group schema therapy (8 sessions 90 min), but the control group received no training. Statistical Analysis Used: The collected data were analyzed using analysis of covariance using the SPSS version 24. Results: The results showed that parental behavior management training had a greater effect than group schema therapy on the improvement of aggression and oppositional defiant (P Conclusions: Parental behavior management training has more effectiveness on reducing aggression and coping disobedience and it can have practical implications for therapists.

DIDACTIC TRENDS AND PERCEIVED TEACHERS’ TRAINING NEEDS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A CASE STUDY

Today’s world requires people who manage their learning and professional updating processes, which claims for a change in educational practices in all levels of education. However, in Higher Education, this transformation relies mostly on teacher’s efforts to innovate within the learning environments, requiring institutional efforts to generate strategies towards educational innovation. This paper presents the analysis of didactic trends and training needs of teachers at UNIMINUTO Colombia, based on the data gathered at the Annual Meetings for Innovative Pedagogical Practices and an additional survey applied on-line, to determine teachers’ training needs and, furthermore, institutional strategies to strengthen the teaching-learning process. The study uses a mixed methodology through a concurrent triangulation design with qualitative and quantitative methods, with an exploratory scope; both quantitative and qualitative parts of the study counted on a voluntary sampling method. Trend analysis shows that the most used didactic methods are Project-Based learning, Research-Based Learning, and Collaborative Learning. However, the analysis of teachers’ appropriation of knowledge about didactics, especially on those strategies, is low or basic, which compared to the training needs expressed by teachers demonstrate that training processes in educational innovation and new teaching methods is crucial to help educational innovation initiatives to evolve. The study stablishes a trend towards the use active-learning methodologies in pedagogical practices, highlighting the necessity of teachers’ training in how and when to use them, and setting the importance of including communication skills as a topic in teachers’ training programs.

Effectiveness Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Occupational Stress and General Health Train Drivers in Kashan City

Background: Train driver is a job with a high level of occupational stress. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness mindfulness-based stress reduction on occupational stress and general health among train drivers. Method: This study was a quasi-experimental pretest - posttest with control group. Utilization of voluntary sampling method, 30 people were selected among the train drivers in Kashan City and were assigned into two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 8 sessions of mindfulness based stress reduction. General health questionnaire and occupational stress questionnaires (Devis & et al) were also used to collect data. Results: In terms of occupational stress, the mean scores of the experimental and control groups in the pretest stage were 32.27 and 34.63, respectively. Meanwhile, the mean scores of the experimental and control group in the posttest stage were 24.86 and 34.17, respectively. In terms of general health, the mean scores of the experimental and control groups at the pretest were 26.14 and 28.34, respectively. In the meantime, the mean scores of the mentioned groups in the posttest stage were 19.23 and 27.98. In other words, mindfulness based on stress reduction had effect on increasing the general health and reducing occupational stress. Conclusion: According to the research findings, mindfulness based stress reduction is an appropriate intervention to reduce occupational stress and it is effective in increasing mental health of train drivers.

The Relationship Between Parenting Styles and Behavioral Disorders in LD Children

This study has been conducted with the objective of evaluating the role of parenting styles in prediction of behavioral disorders in children with Learning Disability (LD). This study is a descriptive work conducted using correlation methods in kind of prediction model and statistical population in this study consists of children with learning disability (LD) referring to Educational and Rehabilitation Centers for Specific Learning Disorders of Tehran during academic year 2014-15. Using purposeful and voluntary sampling method, 130 people were selected as sample size. Data collection instrument in this study includes Bumerind parenting style questionnaire and Child Behavior Checklist for ages 6-18 Achenbach system of empirically based assessment (CBCL). Data analysis was done using Pearson correlation and multivariate regression using SPSS. The results obtained from the study showed that there is no significant correlation between authoritarian and authoritative parenting style and any components of behavioral disorders of LD children and only permissive parenting style has negative and significant correlation with externalized disorders of LD children.

Effectiveness of Narrative Therapy in Groups on Psychological Well-being and Distress of Iranian Women with Addicted Husbands.

BackgroundThis paper investigated the effectiveness of narrative therapy in groups on psychological well-being and distress among Iranian women with addicted husbands.MethodsThe research was an experimental study with pretest-posttest control group design along with follow-ups of one month and three months. The statistical population consisted of all the women with addicted husbands who referred to welfare and social service houses of district 10 in Tehran, Iran. Participants were forty-four persons who had mental health score lower than the mean of statistical society. They were selected using the voluntary sampling method, and were also randomly assigned to two groups, experimental and control. After the early loss, each group included twenty persons and was evaluated by Mental Health Inventory (MHI-28). The experimental group received 10 sessions of the group counseling. Data were analyzed with repeated measure ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc test.FindingsThe results showed that psychological well-being of women who received the sessions of group counseling "narrative therapy" was improved significantly rather than those who did not received that (P < 0.001), and psychological distress of them was reduced significantly in comparison to the women who did not participated in the sessions (P < 0.001).ConclusionBased on these findings, it seems that narrative therapy in groups is effective in the promotion of psychological well-being of women with addicted husbands, and also could be effective in reducing their psychological distress. Therefore, it can be concluded that narrative therapy group interventions improve mental health of women with addicted husbands.

Investigation of the Sense Responsibility and Lifestyles of Sport-Scientific Faculty Students

This study was conducted to determine the levels of perception of aphasia (alexithymia) and loneliness in university students. The model of the research is descriptive and cross-sectional. It was held between February 1 and May 31, 2017. Survey form was used as data collection tool in the research. The questionnaire consists of personal information consisting of 8 questions, Toronto Alexithymia (TAS) scale consisting of 26 questions and UCLA loneliness scale consisting of 20 questions. The Toronto Alexithymia scale (TAS) scale is a self-reported scale consisting of 26 questions and 4 subscales to scale the alexithymic characteristics of individuals. The scale was developed by Taylar and Bagby (1988), first used by Dereboy (1990) in the expertise thesis and adapted to Turkish by Varol (1998). Scale sub-dimensions and Cronbach's Alpha coefficients obtained in this study are given respectively. 0.752 for the imagination, 0,752 for the constraint sub-dimension in the case of dreams, 0,761 for the sub-dimension of difficulty in distinguishing and recognizing feelings and physical senses, 0,718 for the sub-dimension of recognizing, recognizing and talking about emotion, and cognitive structure sub- was found to be 0.784. The scale was developed by Russell and colleagues and reorganized by Russell et al. (1980). The Turkish reliability and validity study of the scale was conducted by Yaparel (1984). The scale is one-dimensional. In this study, Cronbach's Alpha coefficient for the UCLA scale was 0,782. The universe of the research is constituted by students from the Department of Teaching, Coaching Department, Management Department and Recreation Department of the Faculty of Sports Sciences of Fırat University in 2016-2017. The sample of the research consists of 350 students who are educated in these sections. A simple coincidental voluntary sampling method was used in the selection of the sample. In the reliability of the sample, sample size calculation formula prepared by Yazıcıoglu and Erdogan (2004) was used. The data were analyzed in the SPSS 16 packet program. In the analysis of the data, descriptive statistics, t test, anova test and correlation analysis were used.

Effects of Patient Education Program on the Quality of Nursing Care and Inpatient Satisfaction in Surgical Wards of Selected Hospitals in Isfahan, Iran

Background: The implementation of patient education within a hospital is a difficult task that plays a key role in improving and controlling diseases and providing quality healthcare services. Objective: The current study evaluated the effect of patient education on the quality of nursing care and inpatient satisfaction in surgical wards of selected hospitals in Isfahan, Iran. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2014. The sample group consisted of 64 patients admitted to the surgical wards of select hospitals in Isfahan and selected using the voluntary sampling method. Participants were randomly divided into experimental (n=32) and control (n=32) groups. A patient education program was implemented for each subject in the experimental group (during hospitalization and after discharge), but no intervention was conducted for the control group. Data was collected from both groups before and after the educational intervention using the standard questionnaire SERVQUAL to measure expectations (with a reliability of 87%), perceptions (with a reliability of 85%), and inpatient satisfaction (with a reliability of 83%). Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Chi-square, and t-tests in SPSS software (ver. 20). Results: The results of covariance analysis showed that the patient education program significantly increased the mean scores of the quality of nursing services and inpatient satisfaction in the experimental group compared with the control group (p<0.01). Conclusion: A patient education program is an important pillar for improving public health. It is also a low-cost intervention to increase a patient's hope in living a good quality life.

The Study of the Relationship between Time Management Organizational Skills and Organizational Effectiveness of Employees in Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences

The objective of the present research is the study of the relationship between the time management organizational skills and the organizational effectiveness of employees in Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences. The study was correlational in nature and in terms of data collection. The statistical sample involved 242 employees of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences that were selected using voluntary sampling method. The used tools were time management questionnaire of 38 items and organizational effectiveness questionnaire of 20 items. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient. The obtained results from Pearson correlation coefficient indicated that there is a direct and significant association (P≤ 0.01) between the scores of innovation (r= 0.204) and job satisfaction (r= 0.173) with time management organizational skills of employees in Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences; and there is also a direct and significant association(P≤ 0.05)between the total score of time management organizational skills and the total score of organizational effectiveness (r= 0.161). In other words, by increasing the score of time management organizational skills of employees, their innovation and job satisfaction scores will similarly increase, and vice versa. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2016.v7n2s2p128

Predicting Autism Spectrum Disorders on the Basis of Emotional Intelligence Among University Students

Patients and Methods: In this descriptive correlational study, 100 students of the Babol Branch, University of Payam Noor, were selected using the voluntary sampling method in the academic year of 2013 - 2014. The participants were asked to fill in a questionnaire containing demographic characteristics, the Autism Spectrum Quotient, and the Modified Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 21), Pearson correlation coefficient, and regression analysis. Results: The results showed a significant negative relationship between total EI and all its components (i.e. appraisal, utilization, and regulation of emotions) with ASDs in the students (P < 0.01). The results of the regression analysis indicated that global EI and 2 of its components (i.e. utilization and regulation of emotions) were able to predict the variance in ASDs in the students (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Our findings highlighted the importance of EI and its aspects in ASDs in the university students recruited in the present study. Therefore, improvement in EI and its dimensions can decrease autism symptoms and signs in individuals with ASDs. Overall, the result of this study emphasizes the key role of EI as a plausible health predictor.

The Effect of Emotional Intelligence Group Training on Human and Social Capital in Isfahan University of Technology

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of emotional intelligence group training on human and social capital in the students of Isfahan University of Technology. This research was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design and control group. The research population consists of all the students of Isfahan University of Technology who have been studying in 2012-2013. For sampling, voluntary sampling method was used that 36 subjects were selected as the sample and were randomly divided into two groups of experiment and control. The subjects of experimental group participated in 8 sessions of 90-minute classes while the control group received no intervention. The study's tool was Mousavi Employability Questionnaire (2013). Analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. According to the results, emotional intelligence training have had impact upon human capital (P&lt;0.004). However, emotional intelligence training had no effect on social capital.

Perceptions and Attitudes of Health Workers towards Patients Co-infected with HIV and Tuberculosis

Increase in the prevalence of HIV and co-infection with Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major contributors to the increased burden of diseases in the South African health system.The health workers play a crucial role in providing a caring, non-discriminatory and quality health services to patients co-infected with HIV and TB. However, different behavioral patterns that often emanate from the health workers have direct influences on the health seeking behavior of the patients.The purpose of this study was to explore and describe by means of a qualitative approach the perceptions and attitudes of health workers regarding patients co-infected with HIV and TB. A purposive voluntary sampling method was used to select health workers caring for patients co-infected with HIV and TB in a primary health care context in two semi-urban areas in the North West Province in South Africa. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and continued until enough health workers were interviewed for a rich description with little new knowledge generated on their perceptions and attitudes towards patients co- infected with HIV and TB. Data analysis was done by means of an open coding method. The health workers identified common behaviors displayed towards the patients, some that were negative and perceived as stigmatizing behaviors. Some of the behaviors referred to were impatience and caring for these patients only out of obligation. Positive behaviors such as advocating and feelings of empathy towards the patients were also reported. The study concluded that the perceptions and attitudes of the health workers towards the patients co-infected with HIV and TB plays a significant role in how these patients utilize the health services. © Kamla-Raj 2011