Volumetric Effects Research Articles

Brain Age Modeling Using High-Resolution 7T MR Imaging and Implications in Major Depressive Disorder

Brain morphometry has generated interest in major depression, with particular focus in volume of the hippocampus, but also cortical regions. Previous studies have suggested volumetric effects of disease may be dependent on age or duration, suggesting a need for modeling healthy and pathological brain aging through imaging.

Peculiarities of Formation of Residual Stresses in Welded Joints and Stellite Weld Cladding on Rail Steel

Using X-ray diffraction methods, the distributions of residual stresses over the cross section of a welded joint of the rail and in cladding of wear-resistant stellite have been analyzed. The stresses in the welded joint have been determined by the sin2ψ method, and the stresses in stellite cladding have been determined by an original method based on the analysis of the anisotropy of elastic characteristics of the material, which allows one to more accurately estimate the residual stresses in materials with a heterogeneous structure. It is established that the phase composition of rail steel (α-Fe and traces of cementite) in a welded joint remains unchanged over the cross section, while the original textureless state is preserved in all investigated regions of the welded joint. In a welded joint, compressive residual stresses ranging from –412 to –517 MPa in the direction normal to the weld and compressive residual stresses of above 300 MPa in the direction of rail width are formed. This contradicts published data, according to which the tensile stresses in most cases are formed in the joint region owing to the reaction of the material of a heat-affected region to dilatation of the material of a welded joint upon cooling. Compressive residual stresses in the material of a weld joint of rail steel are formed because of the positive volumetric effect of the γ → α transformation. In the surface layer of stellite cladding, tensile stresses of more than 700 MPa are detected. At the same time, residual stresses are absent at a depth of 100–120 μm, which indicates the formation of compressive stresses in the inner part of this layer that compensate tensile stresses in the external sublayer.

Selective Solid-Liquid Interface Sulfidation Growth of Hierarchical Copper Sulfide and Its Hybrid Nanoflakes for Superior Lithium-Ion Storage.

Two-dimensional metal sulfides and their hybrids are emerging as promising candidates in various areas. Yet, it remains challenging to synthesize high-quality 2D metal sulfides and their hybrids, especially iso-component hybrids, in a simple and controllable way. In this work, a low-temperature selective solid-liquid sulfidation growth method has been developed for the synthesis of CuS nanoflakes and their hybrids. CuS nanoflakes of about 20 nm thickness and co-component hybrids CuOx /CuS with variable composition ratios derived from different sulfidation time are obtained after the residual sulfur removal. Besides, benefiting from the mild low-temperature sulfidation conditions, selective sulfidation is realized between Cu and Fe to yield iso-component FeOx /CuS 2D nanoflakes of about 10-20 nm thickness, whose composition ratio is readily tunable by controlling the precursor. The as-synthesized FeOx /CuS nanoflakes demonstrate superior lithium storage performance (i. e., 707 mAh g-1 at 500 mA g-1 and 627 mAh g-1 at 1000 mA g-1 after 450 cycles) when tested as anode materials in LIBs owing to the advantages of the ultrathin 2D nanostructure as well as the lithiation volumetric strain self-reconstruction effect of the co-existing two phases during charging/discharging processes.

Assessing Three-Dimensional Volumetric Effect of Decompression on Massive Mandibular Odontogenic Cystic Lesions

Assessing Three-Dimensional Volumetric Effect of Decompression on Massive Mandibular Odontogenic Cystic Lesions

Modeling and simulation absorption of CO2 using hollow fiber membranes (HFM) with mono-ethanol amine with computational fluid dynamics

In these papers, the computational fluid dynamics technique is used to simulation a Hollow fiber membrane contactor to absorb carbon dioxide from the air by absorbing Mono-ethanol amine. The governing equations of this process include the equations of continuity, momentum and mass transfer in areas related to the shell membrane and tube and taking into account the relevant boundary conditions and assumptions, using the software COMSOL were solved. By examining and comparing the results with experimental data presented in the papers, the accuracy of simulation results was confirmed. The influence of important parameters in the process including wetness of membrane, the volumetric flow rate of gas, liquid volumetric flow rate and temperature effects were studied. The results showed that by increasing the volumetric flow rate of liquid absorption 73–83, the mass transfer rate of carbon dioxide to absorption increases because of the carbon dioxide concentration gradient in the gas phase and liquid increases. Because of the reduced residence time 86 to 20 in the membrane contact, by increasing the volumetric flow rate of gas the amount of removed CO2 in contact reduced so that by increasing the gas flow rate 0.6–1.4, the CO2 removal rate will be only 18 % decreased. The CO2 concentration is decreased along the tube since it penetrates the tube where the highest concentration of carbon dioxide is in the contact surface of the membrane and absorbent solution. In doing so, due to the reactions done in the tube between Carbon dioxide and Monoethanolamine, the CO2 concentration is decreased and reaches zero at the center of the tube. The other factors are the solvent temperature and wetness. With increasing the absorption solvent temperature, carbon dioxide removal efficiency is significantly increased. Wettability has a strong negative effect on the efficiency of the membrane contactor. So with increase wettability, the efficiency of the membrane suddenly finds a sharp decrease. In some cases with increased wettability efficiency is close to zero.

Effect of Acid Leaching on Silicon Nanoparticles and Their Electrochemical Performance in Lithium-Ion Batteries.

In this work, crystalline Si nanoparticles are synthesized on a large scale via a low temperature molten salt method. The crystal morphologies and electrochemical properties of the samples after HCl and HF leaching are studied in detail. The electrochemical properties of the as-produced silicon samples, which are used as anode materials in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), are evaluated. The final product, which contains more Si and less SiO², improves cyclic stability because it buffers the volumetric effect of Si during lithiation/delithiation. The HF acid leach removes the impurity of SiO². However, the prepared sample exhibits lower electrochemical properties. The sample with a low SiO² content can deliver a capacity of 1503 mAh g-1 after 50 cycles at a higher current density of 1 A g-1, and the Coulombic efficiency is approximately 100%. However, the sample after HF acid leaching only delivers a discharge capacity of 389 mAh g-1 at 1 A g-1 after 50 cycles.

Volumetric effects in the degradation of dimethacrylate-based polymer/filler nanocomposites: A positron annihilation study

The applicability of positron annihilation lifetime (PAL) spectroscopy to identify volumetric changes in nanostructured polymer/filler substances is first verified at the example of commercially available dimethacrylate-based dental restorative composites Charisma® (Heraeus Kulzer GmbH, Germany) affected to light-curing photopolymerization and one-year dry physical ageing. Principal channel governing PAL spectra in these nanocomposites is recognized as mixed positron-Ps trapping, where positronium Ps (i.e. bound positron-electron state) decay occurs in free-volume holes localized preferentially in polymer matrix, while free positron self-annihilation is character for interfacial voids at the surface of filler-particles assemblies in the filler and/or mixed filler-polymer environment. Methodological algorithm for experimental PAL spectra refinement referred to as the x3-x2-CDA (coupling decomposition algorithm) is validated for these nanocomposites, obeying changes in atomic-deficient structure due to direct conversion between positron-trapping and Ps-decaying sites. Straightforward parameterization of the reconstructed PAL spectra allows meaningful identification of free-volume entities responsible for nanostructurization-driven transformations.

Is There a Difference in Volumetric Change and Effectiveness Comparing Pedicled Buccal Fat Pad and Abdominal Fat When Used as Interpositional Arthroplasty in the Treatment of Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis?

There is limited evidence in the literature about fat grafting in the management of temporomandibular joint ankylosis (TMJA). The purpose was to investigate which interpositional fat grafting technique is superior in the operative management of TMJA. The specific aim was to compare the volumetric change and maximal mouth opening (MIO) when pedicled buccal fat or abdominal fat is interposed in patients being treated for TMJA. A randomized controlled trial was conducted on TMJA patients divided into 2 groups: Pedicled buccal fat pad was used for interposition in group A, whereas abdominal fat was used in group B. At the end of 1year, the volumetric change in fat was analyzed by comparing immediate postoperative and 1-year follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MIO and re-ankylosis were recorded. Categorical variables were analyzed by the χ2 test or Fisher exact test. Continuous variables were compared using the t test and Wilcoxon signed rank test. Linear regression analysis was performed. A total of 36 patients (51 joints [15 bilateral and 21 unilateral]) were included, comprising 18 in group A and 18 in group B. The mean preoperative MIO measured 6.8mm in group A and 4.2mm in group B. The mean immediate postoperative MRI fat volume was 4.3cm3 in group A and 10.8cm3 in group B. One-year follow-up MRI showed a fat retention rate of 32.44% in group A and 58.17% in group B. The rate of volumetric shrinkage was 67.5% in group A and 41.9% in group B (P<.001). Analysis of variance showed a statistically significant difference between volumetric shrinkage and both treatment groups (P<.001). MIO improved to 30.6mm in the pedicled buccal fat pad group (group A) and 41.9mm in the abdominal fat group (group B) (P<.001). No re-ankylosis occurred in either group at 1-year follow-up. Our study results suggest that the percentage of retention of interposed abdominal fat at 1year is more than that of pedicled buccal fat pad. Volumetric shrinkage is greater with buccal fat pad, which is a paradox considering the pedicled blood supply. Abdominal fat is better than pedicled buccal fat pad when used for interposition in TMJA treatment.

A novel high-temperature (>700 °C), volumetric receiver with a packed bed of transparent and absorbing spheres

The concentrated solar power industry requires high-temperature receivers to push towards advanced power cycles. However, as the outlet temperature of a receiver increases, radiation losses (which are ∝T4) become dominant. In addition, at high temperatures, not many liquid working fluids are suitable. To address these issues, this research proposes an innovative, robust design of a gas-phase cavity receiver which utilises semi-transparent spheres as a volumetric absorption medium. The motivation behind this design is to break the long-standing outlet temperature versus efficiency trade-off by maximising the “volumetric effect” (i.e. obtaining a higher outlet fluid temperature than the receiver’s surface temperature). A range of designs were compared (i.e. packed beds of semi-transparent and high-transparency quartz spheres against an opaque bed of ceramic spheres). This study is important because it determines how the volumetric effect modifies the overall receiver efficiency via a holistic metric (proposed herein) which accounts for the optical, thermal, and pumping power efficiencies. Through a detailed ray-tracing analysis and a comprehensive thermal circuit model, this study reveals that a semi-transparent quartz packed bed receiver can have an overall receiver efficiency of around 80% at outlet temperatures above 700 °C. Most significantly, the best proposed design achieved a high value for the elusive volumetric effect (e.g. a maximum index value of 1.45). Based upon these results, the authors can conclude that these packed bed designs represent a promising new pathway towards reliable and cost-effective high-temperature and high-efficiency receivers which can be implemented into advanced, high-temperature power cycles.

Effects of steel fibers on flexural strength and impact resistance for self-consolidating concrete plates

Self-Consolidating Concrete (SCC) can be considered as a major innovative satiric expansion in the future of concrete materials and technology during the recent three decades. It has evolved to make adequate compaction with easy concrete placement in constructions, which have overcrowded the restricted zones and reinforcement. This research aims to experimentally study the effect of steel fibers volumetric ratio (Vf ) and effect of chicken wire in enhancement of the behavior of the normal strength SCC. Two types of SCC concrete mixes were prepared and cast for this purpose. One of them was normal strength SSC to serve as a reference mix, while 0.75 % of steel fibers was used in the second one. Slump-flow test, L-box, J-ring and V-funnel tests had been done to investigate the properties of fresh SCC. Compressive strength of the reference SCC was about (33.5MPa) and for 0.75% steel fibers SCC was about (39.7MPa). In addition to that, six identical plate’s specimens of (400×400×20) mm were cast and tested to study the effect of steel fibers and chicken wire on the impact load resistance and flexural load of SCC. Results show that the impact load resistance for steel fibers SCC concrete had been increased by about 60% compared with the reference normal strength SCC mix, while an increase in impact load resistance for SCC of about 50% was gained by using chicken wire mesh. It was noted that the use of 0.75% steel fibers-SCC and chicken wire-SCC plates show an increase in impact resistance and flexural strength by about 20% and 2% compared to the reference normal strength SCC, respectively. The results also indicate that using steel fibers is useful in holding up the formation of transverse cracks and providing affirmative restraint to the successive growth of cracks of plate’s specimens.

Three-dimensional changes of the upper airway in patients with Class II malocclusion treated with the Herbst appliance: A cone-beam computed tomography study

This study aimed to determine the volumetric effects on the upper airways of growing patients with Class II malocclusion treated with the Herbst appliance (HA). Volumetric measurements of the upper airways of 42 skeletal Class II malocclusion patients (mean age: 13.8±1.2years; ranging from 12.0 to 16.9years) were assessed using cone-beam computed tomography scans acquired before treatment (T0) and approximately 1year later (T1). The sample comprised a Herbst appliance group (HA group [HAG]; n=24), and a comparison group (comparison group [CG]; n=18) of orthodontic patients who had received dental treatments other than mandibular advancement with dentofacial orthopedics. In CG, nasopharynx and oropharynx volumes decreased slightly during the observation period (9% and 3%, respectively), whereas the nasal cavity volume increased significantly (12%; P=0.046). In HAG, there was an increase in the volume of all regions (nasal cavity, 5.5%; nasopharynx, 11.7%; and oropharynx, 29.7%). However, only the oropharynx showed a statistically significant increase (P=0.003), presenting significant volumetric changes along the time (T1-T0) in HAG. Mandibular advancement with the HA significantly increased the volume of the oropharynx, but no significant volumetric modifications were observed in the nasal cavity and nasopharynx.

Effect of rotation on temperature uniformity of microwave processed low - high viscosity liquids: A computational study with experimental validation

Microwave processing of liquid foods is a recent trend with volumetric heating effect compared to conventional processing. A certain temperature non-uniformity is, however, still observed due to non-uniform electric field distribution. This is especially significant in high viscous products due to the difficulty in creating natural convection mixing. Enabling rotational effects to liquid might be an approach to obtain a uniform temperature distribution. Therefore, the objectives were to develop a mathematical model for microwave processing of liquid foods, experimentally validate it and demonstrate rotation on temperature uniformity. A multi-physics finite element program was used for model development, and experimental studies were carried out in a batch system at 2.5 rpm. Validated model was then used to demonstrate the improved temperature uniformity in low - high viscous liquids with rotation (0 to 20 rpm). Considering the recent trend in the use of continuous microwave system for the industrial production, this study is expected to give a certain sight for rotational effects on microwave processing. The experimentally validated model is now to be expanded for further design and optimization studies for industrial scale continuous systems.

Plasma boundary induced electron-to-ion sheath transition in planar DC discharge

This paper reports parallel plate DC glow discharge plasma experiments showing significant changes in the nature of the anode sheath when the plasma boundary is changed from a large, grounded, conducting boundary (CB; the vacuum vessel) acting as an extended cathode to the one wherein the plasma is encapsulated completely by an insulating boundary (IB). The most distinctive difference observed between the two configurations is a conventional electron sheath formation at the anode for the CB case, whereas an “unconventional ion sheath” is formed for the IB case. These observations are deduced from the fact that for the former case, anode potential is “higher” than plasma potential, while for the latter case, the opposite is true. Coupled with this is the observation of two electron populations for the IB case: (i) a high density, low temperature (bulk) population and (ii) a very low density warm population (density ∼ 1% of the bulk density and temperature ∼ 45 eV). The role of the latter is to afford higher ionization levels to compensate for the limited cathode area available for maintaining the higher densities. In comparison, for the CB case, the cathode area is unrestricted and a single temperature population suffices. Initially, IB experiments were conducted in a glass tube confining the plasma between the anode and the cathode. However, to ensure that the observations are not simply a volumetric effect, another set of experiments was undertaken with the “entire chamber wall and other conducting parts” insulated with mica sheets/glass tubes, etc. The two IB cases yielded identical results.

Relationship between Desalination Performance of Graphene Oxide Membranes and Edge Functional Groups.

High desalination efficiency in principle could be achieved by layer-by-layer graphene oxide (GO) membranes, which benefits from their entrance-functionalized channels assembled by edge-functionalized GO nanosheets. The effects of these edge functional groups on desalination, however, are not fully understood yet. To study the isolated influence of three typical edge functional groups, namely, carboxyl (-COOH), hydroxyl (-OH), and hydrogen (-H), molecular dynamics simulation was used in this work. The results revealed that the edge volumetric blockage effect, resulting in ion permeability at G-H > G-OH > G-COOH membranes, was the dominant mechanistic effect inside the GO membranes with 7 Å interlayer channels. The OH edge has the same effect as the H edge in NaCl/water selectivity because of a unique "ion pulling" effect. Moreover, the OH and H edge-functionalized membranes with 7 Å interlayer channels showed preferential Na+ and Cl- rejections, respectively. This kind of preference leads to a cycle of charging and neutralization in the penetrant reservoir throughout the filtration process. The results from this work suggested that it would be strategic to keep the COOH and H edge functional groups, to maintain the size of interlayer channels in order to stimulate the effects of edge functional groups, and to increase the membrane porosity for designing higher desalination efficiency GO membranes.

The influence of synthesis temperature on the HT-LiCoO2 crystallographic properties

Grande parte do sucesso das baterias de íon-lítio à base de cobalto se deve à fácil síntese do HT-LiCoO2 por rotas sol-gel. Muitas rotas sol-gel reduziram a temperatura de síntese de 900 °C - para rotas de estado sólido - para 600 °C. No entanto, para se obter o composto HT-LCO por uma via química a temperaturas de calcinação moderadas, a taxa de aquecimento no estágio inicial da síntese deve ser alta. No entanto, em altas taxas de aquecimento, uma alta concentração de energia se desenvolve devido à combustão do agente quelante, causando uma grande e indesejável expansão volumétrica. Portanto, como forma de minimizar os efeitos da expansão volumétrica, a taxa de aquecimento na síntese foi investigada. Os resultados da difração de raios X mostraram que, usando uma baixa taxa de aquecimento, a formação da fase HT-LCO exige que mais do que a energia disponível a 600 oC para ser pura e se cristalize no grupo espacial desejado. No entanto, para a temperatura de calcinação de 800 °C, apenas 20 minutos foram suficientes para sintetizar uma fase HT-LCO cristalográfica com alto ordenamento. O tempo de síntese reduzido está possivelmente associado a uma alta homogeneização dos íons metálicos, uma vez que a expansão do gel é radicalmente reduzida. O LCO sintetizado a 800 °C por apenas 20 min mostrou capacidade de carga eletroquímica de cerca de 140 mAh g-1. Conclui-se que, controlando a cinética durante a etapa de aquecimento, na fase inicial da síntese, o HT-LCO é obtido com alto ordenamento cristalográfico, embora o tempo de síntese seja reduzido, possibilitando um processo de síntese economicamente mais atraente.

Enhanced biodegradability of dairy sludge by microwave assisted alkaline and acidic pre-treatments

Considering the rapid, volumetric and selective heating effects of microwaves the microwave assisted chemical methods could provide appropriate alternatives for conventional thermal methods in sludge processing. Microwave irradiation alone is suitable to accelerate the hydrolysis stage of anaerobic decomposition of sludge resulted in accelerated biogas production rate and in higher biogas yield. Alkaline pre-treatments increase the organic matter solubility and suitable for disintegration of sludge particles. In some study are concluded that acidic conditions help the disintegration of waste activated sludge and assist in the solubilisation of carbohydrates and proteins which led to increased higher biogas production, as well. Beside the promising results related to effects of microwave pre-treatments on anaerobic digestion of sludge there are very few reports on the investigation of combined acidic/alkali-microwave pre-treatment method for food industry originated sludge. Hence, our study focused on the examination of the effects of combined microwave-alkali and microwave-acidic pre-treatment on aerobic and anaerobic biodegradability of sludge produced in dairy industry&#x0D; Our experimental results verified, that microwave irradiation with alkaline dosage improve the solubility of organic matters in the pH range of 8-12. But enhancement of disintegration was not correlated linearly with biodegradability. During pre-treatment stage, applying pH over 10, the aerobic biodegradability show decreasing tendency. Applying of acidic condition during microwave irradiation resulted in lower disintegration degree than obtained for microwave-alkaline sludge pre-treatment method. But with microwave assisted acidic pre-treatments a higher aerobic biodegradability could be achieved than with alkaline dosage. In microwave pre-treatments acidic condition was preferable to increase the shorter aerobic biodegradability; the alkaline condition was favourable to intensify the anaerobic digestion process.

Forelimb Movement Disorder in Rat Experimental Model.

Study of motor activity is an important part of the experimental models of neural disorders of rats. It is used to study effects of the CNS impairment, however studies on the peripheral nervous system lesions are much less frequent. The aim of the study was to extend the spectrum of experimental models of anterior limb movement disorders in rats by blockade of the right anterior limb brachial plexus with the local anesthetic Marcaine (Ma), or with aqua for injection administered into the same location (Aq) (with control intact group C). Two other groups with anterior limb movement disorders underwent induction of cellular brain edema by water intoxication (MaWI and AqWI). Results showed a lower spontaneous motor activity of animals in all experimental groups versus controls, and lower spontaneous motor activity of animals in the MaWI group compared to other experimental groups in all categories. There was no difference in spontaneous activity between the groups Ma, Aq and AqWI. Our study indicates that alterations of spontaneous motor activity may result from the impaired forelimb motor activity induced by the anesthetic effect of Marcaine, by the volumetric effect of water, as a result of induced brain edema, or due to combination of these individual effects.

Development of the technology for obtaining engobed construction articles with the "antiquity" effect

The physical and chemical processes that occur when obtaining engobe coatings for construction ceramics with the decorative antiquity effect were considered, the composition of the charge, the technology of manufacturing and applying of the coatings on a ceramic product were proposed. The coatings have dark brownish-lilac color with a volumetric effect of light variability. Engobes can be used when decorating the front ceramic bricks of single annealing with keeping at the maximum temperature of 1,070 °C.It was found that to provide a gradient volumetric decorative effect, it is recommended to introduce in the composition of engobe charge the microspheres of TPP fly ash in the amount of 3–5 %, and for the thick brown-lilac color – up to 60 % by weight of manganese ore. To ensure the necessary rheological indicators of the engobe slip and its high adhesion capacity, the fineness of grinding of charge components should be not more than 1 % by the residue on sieve No. 0063. The moisture content of the slip is 45 % and fluidity is 18 s.The mechanisms of shrinkage processes of engobe coatings and the ceramic base at different methods for application of the engobe slip on the product were established. To decrease the difference of shrinkage of the coating and ceramics, it is recommended to apply the engobe slip of the developed composition on the dried ceramic semi-finished product.After annealing at 1,070 °C, the products are of high quality with the indicator of water absorption of the coating of 5.2–5.4 % and hardness of ~5 by the Mohs scale.The obtained data can be applied in modeling of processes of engobing the products and in the development of compositions of engobe coatings. The practical value of the results consists in creating a new kind of the decorated building products, which enables increasing the market of its sales and enhancing the competitive capacity

Heat Flux Data Reduction Using a Preconditioning Trial Function

This paper presents 1) a new preconditioned data reduction formulation, and 2) enhanced thin-film temperature gauge model for estimating the source heat flux applicable to impulsive test facilities used in hypersonic test programs. In such short-time tests, the heat flux is recovered from an active temperature-sensitive thin film. The physical situation permits a constant-property, semi-infinite substrate heat conduction model to be formulated relating the net substrate heat flux to the thin-film interface. Conventional lumped models assume no volumetric effects in the thin film. An enhanced boundary condition for the substrate is proposed that includes the storage of energy in the thin film. There are cases when the energy storage in the thin film should not be neglected. A parameter-free, physically motivated preconditioner is introduced to the integral equation system. This concept is applied to both the conventional and enhanced thermal models for predicting the source heat flux. A future-time method is proposed as the regularization scheme. The optimal future-time parameter is identified using a thermal phase-plane analysis that provides both a qualitative and quantitative means for estimating optimality. Highly favorable results are demonstrated for the simulated data sets based on a constant heat flux pulse.

Experimental investigation of the effect of perimeter windscreens on air-cooled condenser fan performance

Perimeter windscreens are finding application in large air-cooled condensers (ACCs) as a mechanism to mitigate the negative effects of wind on ACC fan performance and dynamic blade loading. The limited literature specific to perimeter windscreens is inconsistent and the mechanisms by which these screens impact fan behaviour are not well understood. This study investigates the influence of perimeter windscreens on ACC fan volumetric effectiveness under windy conditions using a laboratory based experimental apparatus consisting of a scaled fan row consisting of three fans in the wind direction. Three different porous windscreen materials (differing solidity) were investigated along with the effect of varying windscreen height. A controllable cross-flow (wind) was achieved by connecting the apparatus to a low speed wind tunnel. Fan volumetric flow rate and shaft power were measured and flow visualization was achieved by means of particle imagery velocimetry to provide insight into the reasons for the observed fan behaviour. The apparatus corresponds to a full-scale ACC for which data relating to perimeter windscreen effects was available in the literature. A good correlation to these full-scale measurements was achieved giving confidence in the validity of the results of this study.Perimeter windscreens were observed to degrade edge fan volumetric effectiveness under windy conditions relative to the no-screen case in almost all cases considered in this study although evidence of a recovery of volumetric effectiveness was observed at high cross-flow (β = 0.36) for the case where a low solidity screen (α = 0.5) was installed across half or more of the platform inlet (L ≥ 0.5). An improvement in cooling effectiveness of up to 30% was observed relative to the no-screen case for the aforementioned screen configurations indicating that such perimeter windscreens may benefit the effective cost of cooling in ACCs under high wind conditions. The PIV flow visualization identifies deflection of the flow past the edge fan as the reason for the reduction in fan volumetric effectiveness when screens are installed. The negative impact of this deflection is counteracted by permeation of flow through the screen and into the edge fan when a low solidity screen covers a large portion of the platform inlet.It can therefore be concluded that, for the low platform ACC simulated in this study, perimeter windscreens are detrimental to ACC performance except at very high wind speeds. Use of low solidity retractable screens that can be deployed under high wind conditions (taking into account structural limitations) may have merit. This works extends the understanding of perimeter windscreen effects on ACC fans by investigating the effect of screen solidity and height in a controllable and validated experimental facility. It provides insight into the mechanisms through which perimeter screens influence ACC fans that can be used to further develop and improve the potential benefits of these screens.