Infiltration Volume Research Articles

A generalized regression neural network–based method for predicting cumulative infiltration volume in shallow slopes

A generalized regression neural network–based method for predicting cumulative infiltration volume in shallow slopes

Karst Recharge Areas Identified by Combined Application of Isotopes and Hydrogeological Budget

The identification of recharge areas in karst aquifers allows us to perform sustainable management of these groundwater resources. Stable isotopes (δ18O and δ2H) have been largely used to provide information about recharge elevation in many mountainous regions. In this paper, an improved version of a recent “isotope-driven model”, for the identification of recharge areas, was applied to Capodacqua di Spigno Spring (south of the Latium region). The model upgrade consists of a preliminary check procedure to estimate the degree of influence of the rainfall’s isotopic variability on the spring water. This additional procedure gives us an indication of the reliability of the model and its applicability conditions. Moreover, the dataset of the spring was updated to analyze the degree of reliability of the isotope-driven model. The purpose of this study was to combine the previously mentioned isotope-driven model with hydrogeological tools. A quantitative study of the basin, based on the estimation of the average monthly infiltration volume, was performed by using the inverse hydrogeological water budget. In this way, the qualitative model for the recharge areas’ estimation was validated by a quantitative hydrogeological tool. Both models show that, for karst mountain basins, the recharge areas decrease as the average recharge elevations increase, including areas at high altitudes.

Effect of production temperature and particle size of rice husk biochar on mercury immobilization and erosion prevention of a mercury contaminated soil

Mercury (Hg) contaminated soil is a potential hazardous material especially under soil erosion and surface runoff. This work aims to use rice husk biochar to immobilize Hg and prevent erosion, and find the optimal production temperature and particle size of the biochar. The biochars were produced at 300, 500, and 700 °C and sieved to three particle sizes ~20, < 2, and < 0.15 mm. They were applied to a Hg contaminated loamy sand (20.2 mg/kg) and undergone simulated rainfall erosion representing 7 years of heavy rain events in Beijing. All biochar amendments reduced the runoff volume by 5.1–15.4%. Hg amount in runoff were significantly reduced by 36.7–48.8% after the amendments of biochar. The Hg concentration of infiltration was reduced by biochar treatments except that produced at 300 °C, while its amount was increased due to larger infiltration volume. All biochar amendments significantly reduced soil loss in runoff by 43.5–77.2%. Hg was enriched in the sediments (39.7–46.8 mg/kg) compared with the parent soil (20.2 mg/kg) regardless of biochar treatment, but its bioavailability was low. Higher pyrolysis temperature of the rice husk biochars resulted in less runoff, more infiltration, and better erosion prevention, while the effect of biochar particle size is less significant.

Interactions of Microtopography, Slope and Infiltration Cause Complex Rainfall‐Runoff Behavior at the Hillslope Scale for Single Rainfall Events

AbstractMicrotopography (MT) can govern runoff dynamics as a net result of local heterogeneities in the flow paths and ponding. This in turn controls the development of the surface water layer that connects and flows downslope. It is therefore important to understand which microtopographic features affect runoff generation dynamics and its macroscopic—hillslope scale—hydrological signatures (e.g., hydrographs, runoff and infiltration volumes). In this study, we numerically solve 2D overland flow from a single rain pulse on 1,460 idealized hillslopes with different slopes and sinusoidal microtopographies and different infiltration capacities. We assess hydrodynamic distributions, hydrographs and hydrological indices to assess the effects of MT and infiltration on the (local) hydrodynamic and (larger scale) hydrologic responses in terms of surface runoff regimes. The results show that MT enhances infiltration and that infiltration and runoff depend in a strong non‐linear way on slope and the properties of MT. Three regimes of influence of MT were identified: one in which MT plays a negligible role but there is a high sensitivity to the infiltration capacity curve, a second regime in which hydrological partitioning is highly sensitive to MT and the infiltration capacity curve, and a third regime in which MT increases infiltration, but the response is insensitive to particular features, and more affected by the average slopes. The regimes are the product of the interplay between small (MT) and large scale (slope) properties. Furthermore, the results suggest that hydrological signatures can be interpreted and explained by the spatiotemporal variation of surface connectivity.

Automatic Digital Quantification of Bone Marrow Myeloma Volume in Appendicular Skeletons — Clinical Implications and Prognostic Significance

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal plasma cell disorder originating in bone marrow. Whole body low-dose multidetector CT (MDCT) can depict bone marrow infiltration by myeloma cells in the adipose-rich fatty marrow of the appendicular skeleton. We previously reported that CT values (also known as Hounsfield Units (HU) scale) of bone marrow infiltrations in humeri and femora reflected disease stages in plasma cell dyscrasia and higher CT values predicted inferior prognosis (Nishida et al. Blood Cancer J 2015). However, automated and objective volume measurement of bone marrow infiltration has not been established, and its clinical relevance is not yet understood. To solve this problem, we developed a novel automated CT post-processing software tool (MABLE software) and evaluated the total sum of CT values (cumulative CT values, cCTv), representing mass of bone marrow infiltration by combining volume of myeloma infiltration and voxel-based CT values. cCTv was calculated for 91 patients with newly diagnosed symptomatic MM and 27 patients with smoldering MM (SMM) and 9 patients with monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS). Mean cCTv, expressed as log10 scale, was higher in patients with symptomatic MM than those with SMM or MGUS (mean ± SEM: 3.541 ± 0.06 vs 2.337 ± 0.1 and 3.541 ± 0.06 vs 2.582 ± 0.18, P < 0.0001 by one-way ANOVA). Among symptomatic MM patients, mean cCTv was highest in patients with revised international staging system (R-ISS) III (mean ± SEM: 3.96 ± 0.11, 3.49 ± 0.07, and 3.15 ± 0.14 in patients with R-ISS stage III, R-ISS stage II and R-ISS stage I, respectively; P < 0.0001 by one-way ANOVA). Age, serum albumin and serum or urine M-protein levels were independent predictors for cCTv by linear regression analysis. Mixed graphical model analysis revealed direct relationships between cCTv and age or R-ISS, indicating that cCTv was influenced by age and aggressive disease. Median follow-up duration of symptomatic MM patients was 30.2 months and 26 patients died during the observation period. Tree-structured survival analysis identified a group of patients with cCTv greater than or equal to 4.4 as the first split point, and another group with age above or equal to 84 years old as the second split point (Figure a, the entire cohort was defined as group 1; patients with cCTv ≥ 4.4 were defined as group 3 and patients ≥ 84 years old were defined as group 5). The patients in group 3 had shorter overall survival than those in group 4 (cCTv < 4.4 or younger than 84 years old (median survival, 8.6 months vs not reached, Hazard ratio: 0.129, P= 5.6 x 10-6, Figure b). Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that cCTv greater than or equal to 4.4 was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (Hazard ratio: 6.09, P < 0.001). Anti-myeloma therapy reduced cCTv after treatment in 32 patients who received MDCT assessment as disease monitoring. Among patients who achieved complete response (CR), those achieved immunophenotypic CR had significantly greater difference of cCTv between before and after treatment than those achieved stringent CR or CR (mean difference ± SEM, 4.158 ± 0.107 vs 3.079 ± 0.263, P < 0.0001), raising the possibility that cCTv reduction predicts deeper response. Collectively, measuring cCTv identified a group of patients with very poor outcome irrespective of age or other clinical variables. [Display omitted] DisclosuresMizobe:Canon Inc.: Employment. Yamamichi:Canon Inc.: Employment.

Combined analysis of landslide susceptibility and soil water dynamics in a metropolitan area, northeast Brazil

Landslide susceptibility and water balance in the soil, in the community of Lagoa Encantada, Recife Metropolitan Area, Brazil, were assessed using the computational models SINMAP and HYDRUS-1D. The SINMAP input parameters were the physical and hydrodynamic characteristics of the soil, evidence of landslides and the DEM; and for the HYDRUS-1D model, the hydraulic parameters of the soil. For both programs, simulations were also carried out, based on the rain recorded in the area. The soil was classified using the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS). To assess infiltration processes that cause landslides, HYDRUS-1D was used, under the same scenarios simulated by the SINMAP model and also in the evaluation of the infiltrated volume, in real landslides. The SINMAP results (susceptibility maps) show a 71% increase in the susceptible area (SI &lt; 1; SI = stability index) between the two precipitation scenarios, and are consistent with evidence of landslides. The HYDRUS-1D results complement SINMAP results and suggest that infiltration values for simulated scenarios were similar to those of real landslides. It is concluded that it is possible to map areas of greater instability and to predict possible landslides in different precipitation scenarios, by quantitatively assessing the infiltrated volume that contributes to the destabilization of the soil.

Effects of Infiltration Amounts on Preferential Flow Characteristics and Solute Transport in the Protection Forest Soil of Southwestern China

Preferential flow has an important role as it strongly influences solute transport in forest soil. The quick passage of water and solutes through preferential flow paths without soil absorption results in considerable water loss and groundwater pollution. However, preferential flow and solute transport under different infiltration volumes in southwestern China remain unclear. Three plots, named P20, P40 and P60, were subjected to precipitation amounts of 20, 40 and 60 mm, respectively, to investigate preferential flow and solute transport characteristics via field multiple-tracer experiments. Stained soils were collected to measure Br− and NO3− concentrations. This study demonstrated that precipitation could promote dye tracer infiltration into deep soils. The dye tracer reached the maximum depth of 40 cm in P60. Dye coverage generally reduced with greater depth, and sharp reductions were observed at the boundary of matrix flow and preferential flow. Dye coverage peaked at the soil depth of 15 cm in P40. This result demonstrated that lateral infiltration was enhanced. The long and narrow dye coverage pattern observed in P60 indicated the occurrence of macropore flow. Br− and NO3− were found at each soil depth where preferential flow had moved. Increasing precipitation amounts increased Br− and NO3− concentration and promoted solute movement into deep soil layers. Solute concentration peaked at near the end of the preferential flow path and when preferential flow underwent lateral movement. These results indicated that the infiltration volume and transport capacity of preferential flow had important effects on the distribution of Br− and NO3− concentrations. The results of this study could help expand our understanding of the effects of preferential flow on solute transport and provide some suggestions for protection forest management in southwestern China.

Hydrologic Assessment of Check Dam Performances in Semi-Arid Areas: A Case Study From Gujarat, India

In semi-arid India, managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is often used to enhance aquifer storage, and by implication, water security, and climate resilience, by capturing surface runoff, mainly through check dams implemented at the community level. Despite their extensive use, the design of these structures typically does not follow a systematic method to maximize performance. To aid in the improvement of check dam design parameters and location siting, we develop a dynamic tool, which integrates the daily water balance of a check dam with analytical infiltration equations to assess check dam performance measured as temporal dynamics of storage, infiltration, and evaporation. The tool is implemented in R environment and requires meteorological and hydrogeological data, as well as check dam geometry and nearby well-abstractions, if any. The tool is applied to a case study in Saurashtra in Gujarat, where field visits were conducted. Simulations show that typical check dams in the area are able to store a volume between three and seven times their storage capacity annually. Infiltration volumes highly depend on hydroclimatic and hydrogeological conditions, as well as the formation of a clogging layer, highlighting the importance of site selection and periodic maintenance. The tool is validated with data from a previous study in Rajasthan, where daily water balance parameters were monitored. Validation results show an average R2 of 0.93 between the simulated and measured water levels. The results are adequate to suggest that the tool is able to assist in check dam planning in semi-arid environments.

Study on the Influence of Fertilizer Solution Concentration on Soil Water and Nitrogen Transport Characteristics Under Film Hole Irrigation

Film hole irrigation is a new technique in agricultural production, which can improve water conservation and increase soil temperature. The purpose of this study was to disclose the effects of fertilizer solution concentration (c) on soil water and nitrogen transport characteristics under muddy water film hole infiltration. The laboratory experiments were conducted with muddy water film hole infiltration, using five fertilizer solution concentration treatments (c = 0, 300, 600, 900, and 1200 mg L−1). The cumulative infiltration, migration distance of the wetting front, soil moisture content, and $$ \mathrm{N}{\mathrm{O}}_3^{-}-\mathrm{N} $$ and $$ {\mathrm{NH}}_4^{+}-\mathrm{N} $$ contents in the wetted body were observed. The models about (i) the relationship between the cumulative infiltration volume per unit film hole area (I(t)) and infiltration duration (t) and (ii) the relationship among the horizontal and vertical migration distances of the wetting front (Fx, Fz), c, and t were established. The results showed that fertilizer solution concentration (c) had a significant effect on I(t), Fx, Fz, and moisture distribution in the wetted body. Cumulative infiltration volume per unit film hole area and infiltration duration conformed to the Kostiakov infiltration model (R2 > 0.98, P < 0.05). $$ \mathrm{N}{\mathrm{O}}_3^{-}-\mathrm{N} $$ is mainly distributed in the range of the wetting radius 12 cm, while $$ {\mathrm{NH}}_4^{+}-\mathrm{N} $$ is mainly distributed in the range of the wetting radius 6 cm. This study could provide a theoretical basis and technical support for fertilizer solution infiltration under muddy water film hole irrigation.

Building resiliency to climate change uncertainty through bioretention design modifications

Climate stationarity is a traditional assumption in the design of the urban drainage network, including green infrastructure practices such as bioretention cells. Predicted deviations from historic climate trends associated with global climate change introduce uncertainty in the ability of these systems to maintain service levels in the future. Climate change projections are made using output from coarse-scale general circulation models (GCMs), which can then be downscaled using regional climate models (RCMs) to provide predictions at a finer spatial resolution. However, all models contain sources of error and uncertainty, and predicted changes in future climate can be contradictory between models, requiring an approach that considers multiple projections. The performance of bioretention cells were modeled using USEPA's Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) to determine how design modifications could add resilience to these systems under future climate conditions projected for Knoxville, Tennessee, USA. Ten downscaled climate projections were acquired from the North American Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment program, and model bias was corrected using Kernel Density Distribution Mapping (KDDM). Bias-corrected climate projections were used to assess bioretention hydrologic function in future climate conditions. Several scenarios were evaluated using a probabilistic approach to determine the confidence with which design modifications could be implemented to maintain historic performance for both new and existing (retrofitted) bioretention cells. The largest deviations from current design (i.e., concurrently increasing ponding depths, thickness of media layer, media conductivity rates, and bioretention surface areas by 307%, 200%, 200%, and 300%, respectively, beyond current standards) resulted in the greatest improvements on historic performance with respect to annual volumes of infiltration and surface overflow, with all ten future climate scenarios across various soil types yielding increased infiltration and decreased surface overflow compared to historic conditions. However, lower performance was observed for more conservative design modifications; on average, between 13-82% and 77–100% of models fell below historic annual volumes of infiltration and surface overflow, respectively, when ponding zone depth, media layer thickness, and media conductivity were increased alone. Findings demonstrate that increasing bioretention surface area relative to the contributing catchment provides the greatest overall return on historic performance under future climate conditions and should be prioritized in locations with low in situ soil drainage rates. This study highlights the importance of considering local site conditions and management objectives when incorporating resiliency to climate change uncertainty into bioretention designs.

Time increasing rates of infiltration and reaction in porous media at the percolation thresholds.

The infiltration of a solute in a fractal porous medium is usually anomalous, but chemical reactions of the solute and that material may increase the porosity and affect the evolution of the infiltration. We study this problem in two- and three-dimensional lattices with randomly distributed porous sites at the critical percolation thresholds and with a border in contact with a reservoir of an aggressive solute. The solute infiltrates that medium by diffusion and the reactions with the impermeable sites produce new porous sites with a probability r, which is proportional to the ratio of reaction and diffusion rates at the scale of a lattice site. Numerical simulations for r≪1 show initial subdiffusive scaling and long time Fickean scaling of the infiltrated volumes or areas, but with an intermediate regime with time increasing rates of infiltration and reaction. The anomalous exponent of the initial regime agrees with a relation previously applied to infinitely ramified fractals. We develop a scaling approach that explains the subsequent time increase of the infiltration rate, the dependence of this rate on r, and the crossover to the Fickean regime. The exponents of the scaling relations depend on the fractal dimensions of the critical percolation clusters and on the dimensions of random walks in those clusters. The time increase of the reaction rate is also justified by that reasoning. As r decreases, there is an increase in the number of time decades of the intermediate regime, which suggests that the time increasing rates are more likely to be observed is slowly reacting systems.

Mitigating the Volume of Inflow and Infiltration Entering the Sewage Network during the Storm of the Trunk Sewage Line (A Case Study in Karbala-Iraq)

Managing rainwater in light of climate variability is one of the most difficult problems facing urban areas in the world. Heavy rainfall contributes to increased infiltration of rainwater and effluent (RDII) into the sewage systems, which leads to system overflow and thus increased environmental pollution. This study aims at reducing the volume of surface runoff and thus reducing the volume of inflow and infiltration that enters the sewage network during the storm of the main sewage line of Karbala city. To investigate the extent to which the proposed solution would mitigate floods in the study area, the rainwater Management Model [SWMM] used data density for hourly precipitation from 2016 - 2019. The results indicate that the size of the flood was reduced to more than 75%, while the flood time decreased from 38 hours to 8 hours. The overload limit was reduced from 25 manholes to 5 manholes reduced (80%), and the excess duration were reduced by 55%. Total sanitary sewer overflow (SSO) 95m3 and area flooding 633m2. This analysis is expected to provide a comprehensive solution to mitigate sewage flooding during a storm and provide support to decision-makers to reduce environmental and health problems during heavy rains.

Analysis and evaluation of a sewage network during heavy rains using the SSOAP toolbox

One of the major problems facing urban areas is the recent increase in precipitation intensity over design standards due to global warming. This significantly increased precipitation depth directly influences sewage systems by causing increased flow and infiltration (RDII), which eventually leads to flooding of the systems. The aim of this study was to analyse and evaluate a sewage network during such severe rainfall, to determine the excess amount of rain entering the system. To achieve this, the Hay Al-Hurr region of Karbala was selected as a case study, and the Sanitary Sewer Overflow Analysis and Planning (SSOAP) toolbox was used to estimate the volumes of inflow and infiltration (RDII) entering the sewer network, while the stormwater management software (SWMM5) within the toolbox was used for hydraulic assessment of the sewage system. The sewage network of the main pipeline of the study area was analysed with regard to two rain events in 2016, one of which was a standard event of 25 mm, and the other a torrential event of 105 mm. The RDII was 2.29 mm for the first event and 2.58 mm for the second event; on calibrating these results with SWMM5, a display of flood areas for each event was created showing the percentage overflows for two events were 30% and 65%, respectively. These results were realistic and according to predictions, allowing the study to help improve engineering knowledge and decision-making capabilities with regard to designing sewage networks, as well as facilitating the development of appropriate solutions to rehabilitate those areas most vulnerable to standardised entry by developing specific strategies to reduce or eliminate the surplus runoff.

Experimental study of the effect on soil erosion of using tiny gravel as bedding for defective sewer pipes

The erosion of soil is the most influential factor contributing to the creation of sinkholes in urban areas. Soil degradation often takes place due to failures in sewer pipelines, when water flows from and to the adjacent soil through pipes defects. Soil deficiency surrounding faulty stormwater sewer pipes has been attributed to various reasons, including water infiltration and exfiltration volume or discharge, crack size, relative density, water heads, and the number of cracks. This paper focuses on the effect of using tiny gravel media as a protective layer to reduce the processes of soil erosion due to the faults in the wastewater system, which is done by means of a comparison of erosion mechanisms observed when using a protective tiny gravel layer and without. A local sandy soil was used, obtained from the neighbourhoods near the city centre in the Karbala governorate. Sixteen tests, separated into two groups, were performed to identify the differences in outcome between the two statuses, with a matrix of various influential factors to which erosion has been attributed used across the experiments. The outcomes demonstrated that using a tiny gravel layer as a protective bedding layer has an excellent effect on impeding soil erosion processes and, in particular, tremendous efficiency in reducing cavity formation of up to 95.4%. Furthermore, the findings showed an 18.25 times decrease in the total eroded soil, while the settlement of soil surface showed a 26.35 times decrease, allowing higher internal stability and reduced sewer pipe path deformation.

Infiltration models and soil characterisation for hemispherical and disc sources based on Green-Ampt assumptions

In the present paper a set of physically based expressions for estimating the infiltrated volume and the flow rate from hemispherical and disc sources are presented. The proposed formula depends on four parameters: the initial and the saturated soil water contents, the saturated hydraulic conductivity and the wetting front suction head. The developed models allow the accurate estimation of the infiltrated flow when compared with the same phenomena simulated with Richardś equation. Dimensionless expressions were also deduced which help draw general conclusions on the infiltration processes. Taking advantage of the small number of parameters included in the developed expressions, it was proposed a simple procedure for soils characterization. The method requires measuring both the initial and saturated soil water content and the infiltrated volume over time from a disc source and, aided with the developed expressions, allows deducing both the saturated hydraulic conductivity and the wetting front suction head.

Risk Factors of Viral RNAaemia and Its Association With Clinical Prognosis Among Patients With Severe COVID-19

Risk Factors of Viral RNAaemia and Its Association With Clinical Prognosis Among Patients With Severe COVID-19

Optimization of soil aquifer treatment (SAT) operation using a reactive transport model

AbstractIn this work, a numerical model was developed with the aim to study the effect of drying period (DP) duration on the biogeochemical state of a soil aquifer treatment (SAT) system, and to enhance its functionality accordingly. The model was calibrated and verified using data series from long‐column experiments, and sensitivity analysis was performed. Considering unsaturated water flow, air movement, solute transport, and the main microbial‐mediated kinetic reactions relevant to SAT, we examined outflow quality and reaction rates in response to seven DP durations while the flooding period (FP) durations were kept constant. The results show that extension of the aerobically active region occurs in response to longer DPs and suggest that very long DPs (&gt;3 times the FPs) may not pose further advantage compared with medium‐length DPs (2.5–3 times the flooding periods). A simple optimization process was demonstrated for the experimental SAT system presented, considering outflow quality vs. infiltrated volume. An optimum was obtained at DP/FP ratio of ∼2.8. Although these results are system specific, similar biogeochemical models may be modified and used for hydraulic operation optimization in other SAT sites.

The effect of land uses to change on infiltration capacity and surface runoff at latung sub watershed, Padang City Indonesia

Changes in land use in the Air Dingin watershed (DAS) area in Padang City, Indonesia, lead to a decrease in rainwater infiltration volume to the ground. Some land use in the Latung sub-watershed decrease in infiltration capacity with an increase in surface runoff. This research aims to determine the effect of land-use changes on infiltration capacity and surface runoff. Purposive sampling method was used in this research. The infiltration capacity was measured directly in the field using a double-ring infiltrometer, and the data was processed using the Horton model. The obtained capacity was quantitatively classified using infiltration zoning. Meanwhile, the Hydrologic Engineering Center - Hydrology Modeling System with the Synthetic Unit Hydrograph- Soil Conservation Service -Curve Number method was used to analyze the runoff discharge. The results showed that from the 13 measurement points carried out, the infiltration capacity ranges from 0.082 - 0.70 cm/minute or an average of 0.398 cm/minute, while the rainwater volume is approximately 150,000 m3/hour/km2. Therefore, the soil infiltration capacity in the Latung sub-watershed is in zone VI-B or very low. This condition had an impact on changes in runoff discharge in this area, from 87.84 m3/second in 2010 to 112.8 m3/second in 2020 or a nail of 22.13%. Based on the results, it is concluded that changes in the land led to low soil infiltration capacity, thereby leading to an increase in surface runoff.

Research on Air Infiltration Characteristics of High-speed Railway Station

High-speed railway station has a large space and a large amount of air infiltration, which has great influences on the thermal load, the thermal environment and the air quality. In this paper, the air infiltration and its distribution characteristics in winter and summer in different climatic zones are determined by CO2 concentration method. The results showed that buoyancy-driven pressure played a dominant role, and the infiltration air volume of 2.8 h-1 in winter is larger than that of 2.0 h-1 in summer. The infiltration air volume in the hot summer and cold winter zone and the hot summer and warm winter zone is larger than that in the cold zone. When the mechanical ventilation system for fresh air is turned off, the indoor CO2 concentration meets the human safety threshold. But it can be found that when the air infiltration volume is small enough to a certain extent, the air infiltration volume has a poor dilutive effect on pollutants in the deeper parts of the station. The tradeoff between the utilization of air infiltration and the elimination of mechanical ventilation needs to be furthered considered.

Pemodelan Anomali Gravitasi Menggunakan Grablox untuk Identifikasi Injeksi Fluida pada Reservoir

The 4D microgravity method is a development of the gravity method with the time as the fourth dimension. This research was conducted to find a better way of interpreting the 4D gravity anomaly due to fluid injection around the reservoir. Researchers used GRABLOX for the interpretation of 4D anomalies around the reservoir. The results of the inversion of field data using GRABLOX provide the value of the injection fluid infiltration volume, which shows the distribution of the injection fluid movement on the reservoir. Another physical parameter that can be generated from GRABLOX with a modified value is the reduction in oil and gas saturation due to fluid injection. The inversion results using GRABLOX in the field data indicate a change in reservoir rock density up to 0.28 gr/cc associated with a reduction in gas and oil saturation. The reduction in gas saturation due to the injection fluid has the smallest value of 0% and the largest is up to 66%. The reduction in oil saturation only contributes to a density change of 20% of the reduction in gas saturation. The results of the GRABLOX trial on synthetic data and field data show that both can provide an identification of the movement of the injection fluid in the reservoir, as well as provide other physical parameters, ie. the reduction in oil saturation due to fluid injection.