Volt Battery Research Articles

Design of 30 A PWM Type Solar Charge Controller Module for 100 Watt Lamp Load

The electrical energy produced by solar panels has been used as a renewable energy solution to support human life. In reality, this alternative energy has not been widely used due to the constraints of expensive initial investment, so it is necessary to design solar power generation components, one of which is a reliable, optimal, efficient and economical solar charge controller. The controller is made using the switching method. The switching process can occur by setting the duty cycle through the embedded controller in the solar charge controller circuit. Based on the test results, a duty cycle value of 1% to 100% can occur the switching process. The duty cycle that has been set on the solar charge controller is 90%. The duty cycle is a duty cycle where the output voltage approaches the setpoint of the minimum charger voltage. The input voltage from the solar panel when connected to the battery of ±16 volts can be regulated to ±14 volts by the solar charge controller. Based on the battery charging specifications, the controller output can be used to charge a 12 volt battery.

Sustainable innovation: decentralized hydroelectric power microgeneration in a rural Amazon community

Hydroelectric microgeneration is characterized by low environmental degradation and low production and transmission costs. In this sense, this work investigates the production and storage of electrical energy by gravitational accretion in a rural Amazonian community. Thus, the gutter was used to capture water in a river, directing the flow to a hydraulic ram which pumps the water to a 200-liter reservoir at a height of 3.35 meters. At the bottom of the reservoir was placed a 1/2” register, a hydraulic tube, a flow sensor (Arduino Platform) and a microgenerator (10W). After that, the record was opened for hydroelectric production, and the electrical voltage (Arduino Platform) was monitored by a voltage sensor connected to the poles of the microgenerator. From the results, about the calibration of the sensors, a scale factor was obtained for the voltage and flow sensor equal to 1.27 and 1.458, respectively. With the association of the microgenerators in series, it is possible to produce with 3 microgenerators a voltage of 22 volts at a flow of 2.45 L/min at a height of 3.35 meters. Regarding the adjustment of the system flow model, a speed reduction coefficient of 0.75 was obtained. By storing the energy in a 12 volts battery using 3 microgenerators in series it was possible to charge at a rate of 0.0071 volts per minute. Finally, the prototype has enough voltage to power devices such as batteries, in addition to producing clean, renewable energy from a decentralized source that is commonly wasted.

Design Pitot Tube Cover with Artificial Intelligence (Arduino) Based Warning System on Piper Seneca V Aircraft

The pitot tube is a component in the fuselage to measure the pressure generated by air movement or wind, while the placement of the pitot tube is usually on the wing. A trivial thing that can be fatal is that before flying, sometimes the pilot/flight instructor neglects to remove the pitot tank cover. This negligence resulted in the malfunctioning of the Air Speed Indicator (ASI), Vertical Speed Indicator and Altimeter. Appropriate technology in the form of a pitot tube cover with a warning using an ultrasonic sensor with the support of artificial intelligence technology using Arduino has been applied to the Piper Seneca V aircraft to prevent negligence in removing the pitot tube cover before flying. The Piper Seneca V has been chosen as the object of the application of technology because the Piper Seneca V type aircraft is of the low wing type so that the pitot tubes are not visible when not inspecting the underside of the aircraft's wings. During 30 days of testing with 12 hours of testing time each day and exposure to different temperatures and humidity each day, both battery life and component resistance can be ensured that they are still in optimal conditions. During testing in the simulation room, the tool worked well with a 1 meter object detection configuration. Using a 3.7 volt battery with a storage capacity of 1600 mAh can make the device last for 4 days with 2 hours of recharging time.

Distribution Of Lightweight File Delivery Using IoT

A lightweight file lifter car distribution device using Iot has been designed. This robot system uses the NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller where the NodeMCU ESP8266 functions as a data processor, and also a WI-FI network receiver emitted by a WI-FI network system. This robot car system uses a control system using an Android smartphone to control the movement of the wheels, this robot car uses a WI-FI network communication system so that the robot car system and Android smartphone can be connected, in this robot car system it uses a DC motor rotation direction drive driver which is The driver functions to move the direction of rotation of the DC motor on the wheels of the robot car. The power supply for this robot uses 3 3.7 Volt Li-Ion batteries which are arranged in series to get a 12 volt voltage, the 12 volt battery voltage goes first to the 7805 regulator IC circuit to get an output voltage of 5 volts, 5 volts voltage. this is what functions to supply the robot system so that it can be operated

Efektifitas Pengisian Baterai Menggunakan Solar Panel 50 WP (WattPeak) dengan Metode PWM (Pulse Width Modulation)

Electrical energy has become a basic need for humans today, almost all aspects of human life require electrical energy. The electrical energy needed so far has been produced from fossil energy which is not environmentally friendly and has dwindling reserves, alternative energy is needed which is environmentally friendly and sustainable. Energy that can be utilized includes water energy, wind energy, solar energy and so on. The sun is one of the abundant energy, by crossing the equator, Indonesia has enormous energy reserves. This potential is expected to become Indonesia's future energy. Currently solar cell technology is very advanced with increasingly good efficiency, in addition to energy conversion by solar cells with photovoltaic technology, a method is needed to store the results of the conversion into storage (batteries) optimally. One of the battery charging technologies is the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) method, with this method battery charging is optimal on a 50 WP solar panel. In this study, a 50 WP solar panel was used, a 28 Ah 12 Volt battery, a 10 Watt Dc 12 Volt load and a 10 Ampere PWM Solar Charger Controller (SCC). The system was running for 3 months from September to December, the load was turned on for 12 hours every day with a load absorption current of 0.9 Amperes. Every day the current used is 10.8 Amperes. For 3 months the weather was not always stable, so charging was less than optimal, but until now the system is running well with an average after usage voltage of 12.3 Volts.

Single Phase MOSFET Inverter Using PWM Technique

Abstract: Electricity has two types which are DC (Direct Current) electricity and AC (Alternating Current) electricity. Electricity which generally used for household components is utilized AC electricity. AC power can be generated from DC electricity by using an inverter tool. The inverter has various methods of converting DC power to AC power. In this research, inverter built using full bridge configuration. Using the full bridge configuration, it is obtained more efficient results by using other configurations. The inverter designed using voltage source 12 volt battery with a capacity of 7.5 Ah. The maximum power capacity which generated by the inverter is 100 watts. To control this inverter, Arduino uno R3 microcontroller is used.

RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PERAGA ENERGI TEBARUKAN BERBASIS ENERGI SURYA

Electrical energy is a very important requirement both now and in the future. The electrical energy that we use today still comes from conventional power plant. Conventional power plant will create many threats such as increasing pollution and decreasing fossil fuels. Problems like this will have a bad impact on the future. Utilization of alternative energy is one way to solve these problems. Around us there is a lot of energy that will have the potential for us to develop it into a source of electricity for our daily needs. This energy includes solar energy. The purpose of this research is to create and design a solar powered renewable energy teaching aid. The method used in this process is to collect data, then the design process of the props is carried out. Making props is an important factor in this research so that during the testing process the props do not experience significant obstacles. The design of this power plant aims to make teaching aids as a learning medium and to obtain maximum and more efficient energy quantity results. The props consist of several components, namely solar panels, controllers, inverters, volt ampere meters, batteries (accumulator), cables, lights and mini houses. These props are to show that solar energy can be used to generate electricity that can be used for home lighting purposes.

Design of Energy Education Media For Solar and Wind Power Plants at Bomo Beach, Banyuwangi Regency

Bomo Beach, which is managed by community groups to become a tourist attraction, has the potential for renewable energy in the form of solar and wind energy. This potential can be harnessed and converted into electrical energy. This study aims to design energy education media for solar power plants and wind power plants at Bomo beach, Banyuwangi regency. The design is carried out in accordance with the natural management of tourist beach. The power plant designed is the integration of the solar power plant system (PLTS) and the wind power plant system (PLTB). Solar power plants use solar panels while PLTB uses horizontal shaft wind turbines and vertical shafts. The energy housing is made as a power store with a 12 volts battery. The design results show that the integration design of solar power plants and PLTB can be applied as an energy education media.

Development of Smart UAV (Drone) ozone (O3) monitoring system in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

We hereby report a detailed design and fabrication of our indigenously developed smart UAV (drone) Ozone, O3, monitoring system, using locally sourced materials in Nigeria. Our device is locally built from scratch to finish using materials available to us. Our design comprises a small lightweight (Polystyrene), Rotors, Arduino Joystick, Arduino Nano Board, 434 MHz Transmitter Module, 1 KΩ Resistor, Vero Board, Connecting wires, 9 Volts Battery, Antenna, simple and cost-effective multi-sensor system for multiple measurements of atmospheric phenomena and related climate information. We have used a long-range wireless communication module with real-time monitoring and visualizing software applications embedded on our device to access live data, track trends, and archive historical data for comparisons (data logger). We have also obtained original ozone datasets after conducting test flight measurement experiments at the launch site (Rivers State University Campus) Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Perancangan Prototipe Alat Bermain Belajar Braille Low Cost Berbasis Mikrokontroler Arduino Sensor RFID

Blind children have limited ability to read, so the introduction of the ability to read and write using braille is very important. They have to learn to recognizing braille letters, then arranging letters to form syllables and finally a word. Learning about the concept of reading needs a tool that makes it easy and fun, then children will learn while playing. The design of the device braille set is intended as a learning tool for blind children to introduce and learn to read braille. This system uses an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) MFRC522 sensor programmed by Arduino as a microcontroller. The code as a signal in the RFID tag card is read by the RFID reader. RFID tag cards are equipped with a layer on the surface of the card marked with a braille symbol. When children recognize the braille symbols on cards, they can assemble the cards into a word. The word will then be read by the device and audible so that the children hear the words they have composed. The components of this learning tool to read braille use an RFID reader component, a mini MP3 player module, Arduino, as a microcontroller. The power supply uses a 9 volt battery. DC motor drive and wheels to walk on the scrabble track. The material for the card coaster casing uses acrylic material. The track frame uses aluminium profiles. Overall, the cost of making braille reading learning tools with the implementation of RFID technology is cheap and affordable.

Analisis Efisiensi Trafo Toroidal dan Trafo Inti Besi Pada Proses Pengisian Baterai Berbasis LabView

Determining the type of transformer to be used in practical activities or used for charging batteries, an analysis test can be carried out by looking at the current and voltage on the transformer to be selected for use in the desired activity so that the most efficient transformer is obtained. This research was conducted to see the best and efficient transformer between the toroidal transformer and the iron transformer by using current analysis and input and output voltage. Then calculate the percentage of efficiency on each transformer so that the most efficient transformer is obtained between the Toroidal Transformer and the Iron Core Transformer. In this study, using Transformer Efficiency Analysis in Labview-Based Battery Charging Process. Labview itself is used as a user interface for measuring current and output voltage on a transformer with 24 Volt battery loading. So that we get the Output Current Trendline which later can be used to determine the efficiency of the transformer

MODELING OF RESTENOSIS ON IMPLANTED INTRA-ARTERIAL STENT IN EXPERIMENTAL CARDIOLOGY

Aim of investigation is to study the features of the mechanism of restenosis on implanted intravascular stent, using the original device for modeling of intra-arterial circulation. Materials and methods. We use an original device for modeling intra-arterial circulation (document of invention RU 202780). It is a simulation of arterial vessel, made of glass tube rotameter. Its free ends are connected with two silicone tubes, with other ends - to the pump, powered by a 12 Volt battery. We injected the fluid (an aqueous solution of glycerin) into the closed system, diluted corresponding to the viscosity of human blood. A fitting is located at the inlet end of the tube, through which we can introduce a dye (ink), a silk thread or intravascular pressure probe inside the tube. Results. As a prototype of intravascular endoprosthesis, we used a metal device 71 mm length, made in the form of a grid with beams directed in a spiral. We installed a conductor with a 5 cm long silk thread inside the endoprosthesis. The pump works simulating the regular heart rhythm or premature ventricular contractions. We observed an intense pressure effect of the first post-extrasystolic wave on the rotameter tube, with the formation of reflected, standing waves (the pressure increased by 160% compared with the regular heart rhythm). Conclusion. With the spread of the first post-extrasystolic wave, a “hydraulic shock” occurs in the arterial vessel. Its mechanical effect can be the starting point for the onset and progression of restenosis in an implanted intravascular stent.

RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PERAGA ENERGI TEBARUKAN BERBASIS ENERGI SURYA

Electrical energy is a very important requirement both now and in the future. The electrical energy that we use today still comes from conventional power plant. Conventional power plant will create many threats such as increasing pollution and decreasing fossil fuels. Problems like this will have a bad impact on the future. Utilization of alternative energy is one way to solve these problems. Around us there is a lot of energy that will have the potential for us to develop it into a source of electricity for our daily needs. This energy includes solar energy. The purpose of this research is to create and design a solar powered renewable energy teaching aid. The method used in this process is to collect data, then the design process of the props is carried out. Making props is an important factor in this research so that during the testing process the props do not experience significant obstacles. The design of this power plant aims to make teaching aids as a learning medium and to obtain maximum and more efficient energy quantity results. The props consist of several components, namely solar panels, controllers, inverters, volt ampere meters, batteries (accumulator), cables, lights and mini houses. These props are to show that solar energy can be used to generate electricity that can be used for home lighting purposes.

MODELING OF INTRA-ARTERIAL CIRCULATION: APPLICATION IN EXPERIMENTAL CARDIOLOGY

im of our investigation is to evaluate the use of the device for modeling of intra-arterial circulation and substantiate the possibility of its use in experimental cardiology. Materials and methods. The principle part of the model is the cone-shaped narrowed glass cylinder 365 mm long with an inlet diameter of 20 mm, an outlet diameter of 16,5 mm. Two-way fitting with a rubber valve is screwed from the input side. Flexible silicone tubes are attached to both sides of the cylinder, with the other end attached to an electric water pump. The water pump is connected with 12 Volt battery. In one of the outer corners, we insert a needle for introducing dyes (clerical ink) and a silk thread through the fitting valve into the glass tube. We filled the closed circuit with an aqueous solution of glycerin, the viscosity of which was similar to the blood. The water pump provides continuous or intermittent circulation of the glycerin solution in a closed system. We observed the thread movements and turbulent flow colored by the ink during the spread of the pulse waves. Results. We simulated the pulse waves occurring in the regular heart rhythm, as well as arrhythmias. When simulating the extrasystoles, we observed a turbulent fluid flow during the spread of the 1st post-extrasystolic wave behind the installed diaphragm. With the spreading of the 1st post-extrasystolic wave, the pressure level inside the tube is increased in comparison with the regular rhythm. Conclusion. Device for modeling of intra-arterial circulation is simple and reliable in its construction. It imitates the intra-arterial processes in different hemodynamic situations, such as regular heart rhythm, arrhythmias, and atherosclerotic plaques. It can be used in the wide spectrum of experimental works in cardiology, vascular surgery, physiology, pathophysiology, biophysics.

ROBOT FOLLOWER PEMBAWA INFUS PASIEN RUMAH SAKIT BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER

This study has the aim of designing a system that can carry intravenous fluids without human assistance, so it does not bother the patient in moving, this system is made of 2 components in the form of hardware where as hardware and software as software media, for hardware will use assistance from Arduino microcontroller, proximity sensor HC-SR04, DC motor, 11,1volt battery. which consists of 3 batteries, to be able to connect hardware, software or software is needed so that they can be connected to each other, the microcontroller used is an Arduino Uno, the system can run with input from the proximity sensor, which will read the position of the object that has been determined by the distance readings from the sensor, if the position of the object is known, the sensor will send input to the Arduino and process the input, after processing the Arduino will issue input which will be received by the L298N Driver where this driver regulates the rotational speed of the DC motor which will also rotate the wheels. so the robot can move and approach the object.

Energy harvesting in the form of electricity by Piezo – Cells by placing them in a pair of shoes and storing energy in Power Bank

Piezoelectric utilization as a generator is an effort to obtain electrical energy that refers to the concept of energy harvesting relating to the development of piezo-cells as a powerhouse that converts the pressure or vibration into electrical energy. This energy can be used for low-powered electronic devices because the use of piezoelectric as a powerhouse allows the use in charging low voltage, a large resource is required in different series. The energy harvesting device and a voltage amplifier are created to increase the voltage of the piezoelectric output. An Arduino microcontroller is used to control the energy harvesting device and voltage booster. It has been observed that approximately 10 steps of walk charge four AA 1.2 Volt batteries whereas 80 steps of walk charge two 12 volt batteries.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VOLTAGE AND STRONG ELECTRIC CURRENT ON 1.5 VOLT BATTERIES WITH ADDING CASSAVA LEAVES

Biobattery research has been carried out using cassava leaves (Manihot Utilissima) as a substitute for carbon in some 1.5 volt batteries. And tested the voltage with the results of sample A: 1.53 volts; B: 1.54 volts; C: 1.55 volts; and D: 1.58 volts. Then the electric current was also tested with the values obtained in sample A: 0.08 mA; B: 0.10 mA; C: 0.13 mA; and D: 0.19 mA. If the carbon mass in the biobattery gets higher, the value of the voltage and electric current test results changes with the higher in each sample. By performing the performance on the cassava leaf biobattery, it is able to turn on a 2.5 watt LED lamp with 3 batteries. Keywords: Current, cassava leaves, and voltage

Implementasi Kontrol Proportional - Integral Pada Bidirectional Converter Untuk Sistem Pengisian Baterai Turbin Angin

The level of demand for electrical energy in Indonesia is currently getting higher and will continue with the increase in population so that it is required to conduct research in the field of renewable energy. To be able to support renewable energy research, a switching circuit is needed for the battery charging system. The switching circuit used is a converter bidirectional circuit controlled by an Arduino Uno microcontroller based on PI (Proportional-Integral) control. PI control functions to regulate the voltage so that it has a stable output voltage value. From the research results of the Konverter bidirectional circuit, using trial and error control constants Kp: 2,6 and Ki: 5,6, it was found that the battery charging time was obtained with an initial voltage of 22.9 Volt to 24 Volt battery without using PI control, which was 6 hours 57 minutes, whereas if using the PI control with Kp: 2,6 and Ki: 5,6 with the initial battery voltage of 22.9 Volt to 24 Volt, the battery charging becomes faster, which is 2 hours 45 minutes.

Rancang Bangun Sepeda Listrik 250 Watt Dengan Mengukur Kecepatan Dan Daya Baterai

Electric bicycles are one of many vehicles with alternative fuels. This electric bike uses electric power as its power source. Whose electrical energy is converted into motion energy. To convert that electrical energy into motion energy is needed which is called an electric dynamo. The electric dynamo here becomes an engine core on an electric bike. The performance of electric bicycles is measured based on high power efficiency, low energy consumption levels and stable electric bicycle components in their use. To monitor the performance, a speed and battery power scrolling system was designed on a 250W electric bike. An electric motorcycle is a type of vehicle consisting of brushless direct current (BLDC) to move the wheel, controller as energy flow regulator on BLDC, and battery as a power source. The main parts of this monitoring system include two 12 volt batteries in the series, controller, BLDC, throttle, proximity sensor, liquid crystal display (LCD). Throttle works as a BLDC speed controller. DC power meter as a measuring detector for the amount of electric current, electrical voltage, electrical energy, and electrical power displayed on the LCD.

Design of Adaptive DC Power Supply with Microcontroller Based Cuk Converter Circuit

Nowadays, the need for equipment sourced from DC power supplies is increasing. One of the DC–DC converter topology that can be DC source isCukConverter. Currently, we need an adaptive power supply that can generate current and voltage according to the power required by the load automatically. In this research, the Cuk-Converter circuit is driven through the Arduinonano as a pulse generator and circuit control system. The microcontroller has set a minimum current of 520mA to charge the battery. The test was carried out with a 12 Volt DC battery source, the output of the Cuk-Converter was a 3.7 Volt battery with a capacity of 50,000 mAh and 3Ah, and a 12 Volt 3 Ah accumulator. The output of the Cuk Converter is set in the range 2-19 Volt DC. The results show that the Cuk-Converter can charge the test battery with a minimum current of 520 mAh and a duty cycle in the range of 27-50%. This result performed the average error of the circuit and calculation was 13.9%.