Volleyball League Research Articles

A Comparative Study Using an Analytical Program for the Effectiveness of the Performance of the Sending and Receiving Skills of Female Premier League Volleyball Players

ارتأت الباحثتان أجراء دراسة مقارنة لمستوى فاعلية الاداء لمهارتي الارسال واستقبال الارسال للاعبات الأندية المشاركة في الدوري العراقي للممتاز بالكرة الطائرة للنساء باستخدام برنامج تحليلي لغرض الكشف عن نقاط القوة والضعف ومن خلال متابعة الباحثتان لمباريات الدوري العراقي الممتاز بالكرة الطائرة لفئة المتقدمات وأيضا كون احدى الباحثتان لاعبة في أحد اندية الدوري العراقي الممتاز بالكرة الطائرة وجدتا ان هناك ضعف في مستوى فاعلية الاداء لبعض المهارات الفنية وهي مهارتي الارسال واستقبال الارسال حيث هنالك تفاوت بين نادي واخر وكذلك بين لاعبة وأخرى واستخدمت الباحثتان المنهج الوصفي بأسلوب الدراسة المقارنة والتحليلية لملائمته لمشكلة البحث في حين حددت الباحثتان مجتمع البحث بالفرق المشاركة في الدوري العراقي الممتاز بالكرة الطائرة للموسم الرياضي 2021-2022 وعددها 10 اندية في حين اختيرت عينة البحث من الفرق المتاهلة الى الدور النصف النهائي في الدوري العراقي الممتاز بالكرة الطائرة للسيدات للموسم الرياضية 2021-2022 حيث بلغ عدد الأندية المتأهلة (4) وهي (اكاد عينكاوة، افروديت، سنحاريب، قرقوش) وبهذا بلغت النسبة المئوية لعينة البحث 40 % أذ تم تحليل المباريات بأستخدام البرنامج الاحصائي الاكثر شهرة عالمياً Data volley واستنتجت الباحثتان ظهور فروق معنوية في مستوى فاعلية الأداء المهاري لمهارة الارسال لصالح اندية (افروديت، قرقوش، اكاد عينكاوة) وعدم ظهور فروق معنوية في مستوى فاعلية الأداء لمهارة الارسال لنادي سنحاريب وظهور فروق معنوية في مستوى فاعلية الأداء المهاري لمهارة استقبال الارسال لصالح اندية (قرقوش، افروديت، سنحاريب) وعدم ظهور فروق معنوية في مستوى فاعلية الأداء استقبال الارسال لنادي اكاد عينكاوة. واوصت الباحثتان ب ضرورة اعتماد مبدأ التقويم الموضوعي في كل مرحلة من مراحل التدريب المختلفة وفي مرحلة المنافسات بانتقاء اختبارات مقننة وبرامج تحليلية للمهارات الهجومية لمتابعة فاعلية الأداء المهاري ومعالجة تذبذبها في الأوقات المناسبة والتأكيد على تنمية القابليات الخططية لترابطها الوثيق مع القابليات البدنية والمهارية . وهذا ما يحقق احد اهداف التنمية المستدامة للامم المتحدة في العراق (التعليم الجيد).

Rankings and Benchmarks of Volleyball Performance Indicators in High-Intensity Volleyball Games

<p>目的：本研究旨在探索高強度排球比賽中技術指標之排名與獲勝基準。方法：資料透過排球資訊系統 (Volleyball Information System, VIS) 收集2017-2021 年台灣企業排球聯賽攻守數據。採用迴歸分析及條件機率鑑定各項技術指標之排名及獲勝基準。結果：結果顯示各項指標之排名及獲勝基準僅有些微地性別差異。首先，防守失誤及攻擊得分是男子組前兩名的指標，女子組則是攻擊得分為最重要之指標，防守失誤次之。其餘的八個指標排名男女組皆一致。 其次，若要將獲勝機率提升至50%以上 (獲勝基準)，攻擊得分必須要超過每局一半的分數，但僅僅2到3個攔網得分便能達到獲勝基準。再者，少數的發球失誤並不嚴重拉低獲勝機率，但1到2顆的發球得分卻可以達到獲勝基準。雖然非得分的技術指標 (如接發球失誤及舉球失誤) 之數量不多，但卻顯得相當重要。結論：條件機率足以呈現排球各項技術指標中整體團隊之獲勝基準。本研究基於統計的佐證提出陣容組建、訓練計畫、以及戰術運用等實務建議。</p> <p> </p><p>Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the rankings and benchmarks of performance indicators in high- intensity volleyball games. Methods: Data were collected through the Volleyball Information System (VIS)for the Top Volleyball League (TVL) seasons in Taiwan from 2017 to 2021. We adopted regression analysis and conditional probability to identify rankings and benchmarks of performance indicators. Results: Results revealed that there were no major differences between the sexes. Dig fault and spike point ranked men’s top 2 indicators while spike point possessed women’s highest rank followed by dig fault. The rankings for the remaining eight indicators were consistent across both sexes. In order to reach over 50% of the winning probability for a set (benchmark), more than half of the points must come from spiking. Achieving the benchmark could be accomplished with just 2 to 3 blocks, and a few service faults were not detrimental. In addition, 1 to 3 service aces was essential to meet the benchmark. Non-scoring indicators such as reception fault and set fault were not common but crucial for overall performance. Conclusion: Conditional probability could sufficiently present benchmarks of overall volleyball team performance indicators. This study offers statistical evidence for roster construction, training plans, and tactic applications.</p> <p> </p>

“Keeping it lowkey”: Exploring the experiences of Korean women fans of women's volleyball

Recently, there has been a significant increase in female audiences and fans at professional sport events in South Korea (hereafter Korea), particularly women's volleyball. This growth in higher viewer ratings and stadium attendance is attributed to elements such as athletes’ sportsmanship and their dynamic athletic performances. However, there is little known about the Korean women's volleyball league's fanbase. Previous studies have focused on the experiences of male and female fans’ interpretations of sport fan characteristics, experiences of female fans, or those of traditionally male-dominant sports such as ice hockey and football. Therefore, this study explores the experiences of self-identified women fans of women's professional volleyball in Korea. We seek to understand how research participants were introduced to volleyball, how they express their fanship, and how they define sport fans. According to the findings, a combination of structural systems in higher education and media streaming during pandemic restrictions has allowed volleyball content to become more accessible to research participants. Furthermore, the study examines how dukjil and fan service play significant roles in maintaining fanship, and the influence of generational characteristics on how women fans perceive and define sport fans.

Serving Up Success: Unveiling the Power of Machine Learning for Volleyball League Prediction

This study investigates the efficacy of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) in predicting volleyball league standings, focusing on the Turkish Volleyball Federation's Sultanlar and Efeler leagues over five seasons (2018-19 to 2022-23). Given the complexity and volume of performance data in volleyball, traditional analysis methods often face challenges such as data overload and high operational costs. ANN models, known for their ability to learn from and generalize data, present a promising solution to these challenges. By analyzing 23 input variables related to match performance, including points scored, services, attacks, and blocks, this study aims to identify the most influential factors on final league standings and provide a more objective, rapid, and economical analysis method. The results indicate significant potential for ANN in sports analytics, demonstrating high accuracy rates in predictions, especially for the Sultanlar League. However, the study also acknowledges limitations such as data quality and model complexity, suggesting areas for future research to enhance predictive accuracy and applicability of ANN in volleyball and other sports analytics.

Matching prediction on Korean professional volleyball league

Matching prediction on Korean professional volleyball league

Causal inference did not detect any effect of jump load on knee complaints in elite men's volleyball.

The aim was to determine how jump load affects knee complaints in elite men's volleyball. We collected data from four men's premier league volleyball teams through three seasons in a prospective cohort study (65 players, 102 player-seasons). Vert inertial measurement devices captured the jump load (jump frequency and jump height) from 21 088 daily player sessions, and knee complaints were reported in 3568 weekly OSTRC-O questionnaires. Mixed complementary log-log regression models described the probability of (i) experiencing symptoms if players were currently asymptomatic, (ii) worsening symptoms if players had symptoms, and (iii) recovery from knee complaints. Based on our causal assumptions, weekly jump load was modeled as the independent variable, adjusted for age (years), weight (kg), position on volleyball team, and past jump load. No certain evidence of an association was found between weekly jump load and probability of (i) knee complaints (p from 0.10 to 0.32 for three restricted cubic splines of load), (ii) worsening symptoms if the player already had symptoms (p from 0.11 to 0.97), (iii) recovery (p from 0.36 to 0.63). The probability of knee complaints was highest for above-average weekly jump load (~1.2% for an outside hitter with mean age and height) compared with low loads (~1%) and very high loads (→ ~ 0%). The association between jump load and knee complaints risk remains unclear. Small differences in risk across observed jump load levels were observed. It would likely require substantially increased sample sizes to detect this association with certainty.

The effect of exercises accompanying some recovery methods on some of the physical abilities of young volleyball players

The study aimed to identify the effect of exercises accompanied by therapeutic methods on players injured in the ankle joint of volleyball players, and the speed of their recovery, as most therapeutic methods take a long time during the treatment period, which negatively affects the players’ results. The researcher used the experimental approach in treating Research problems، As for the research community, the research community was identified with injured young players of Baghdad clubs participating in the Iraqi volleyball league for the 2022-2023 sports season who suffer from a minor sports injury to the players, according to the statements of the Sports Medicine Department, in addition to the diagnosis by a specialist doctor, which is numbered(12) players, and the research sample was chosen from them by (8) players, with a percentage of (66.66%) from the total research community. After the researcher completed the field research procedures using the scientific method of writing research, and after processing the obtained data statistically, she concluded several conclusions, including:
 - The exercises associated with recovery methods had an effective role in improving the speed of recovery
 - The exercises accompanying recovery methods played a major role in developing the strength of motor abilities.
 According to these conclusions, the researcher made several recommendations, including:
 - Paying attention to exercises that accompany the recovery methods for the body’s active muscles, as they have an effective role in improving the speed of recovery.
 -It is recommended to perform various exercises to prepare the body for rest, in order to avoid fatigue and stress. Relaxation and meditation exercises can be included to help restore calm and relaxation after strenuous training.

Interleukin-15 Contributes to the Benefits of Βeta-Alanine Supplementation on the Performance of Elite Volleyball Players

Background: Volleyball involves intermittent activities closely linked to explosive power and muscular strength. Utilizing the ergogenic supplement beta-alanine can positively influence the balance between anabolic and catabolic factors, potentially enhancing the benefits of sports activities. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effect of 4 weeks of beta-alanine supplementation on serum myokine levels, as well as aerobic and anaerobic power in elite volleyball players aged 22 - 28 years. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 22 male volleyball players from the Division 1 Volleyball League, aged between 22 and 28, were selected and randomly divided into two groups of 11: A supplement group and a control group. The supplement group received 6.4 g/day of beta-alanine (in 8 doses of 800 mg) for 4 weeks. The ANCOVA test was used for data analysis, with a significance level set at P ≤ 0.05. Results: Beta-alanine supplementation significantly increased serum myokine levels (interleukin-15, myonectin, and irisin) compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Additionally, 4 weeks of beta-alanine supplementation was associated with a significant increase in measures of aerobic and anaerobic power (Bruce and Wingate tests) compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Supplementation with Beta-Alanine led to improved performance (aerobic and anaerobic power) by increasing anabolic responses (irisin) and indicators of muscle hypertrophy (IL-15 and myonectin) in elite volleyball players.

Stars and Spikes: Analyzing Fan Attraction to Star Players in the Philippine Professional Volleyball League

The study sought to describe fan consumption patterns in volleyball, identify factors influencing fan engagement, pinpoint attractive attributes of volleyball players, and compare influences on fanhood across demographic groups. The research was conducted in Pasig City, focusing on a geographically delimited non-probability sample. Data was collected through in situ surveys using questionnaires to obtain participants’ demographic profile and their motivations, preferences, and consumption patterns as league fans during match days, specifically during the last preliminary round of the league’s conference in the third week of April, with particular emphasis on the timing of visits across different days of the week. Two hundred fifty respondents participated in the survey, comprising both genders ranging in age from 10 to 78 years. Results reveal that participants identify as avid league fans and consider having a favorite league player as “definitely important” in connection with their fanhood. As to the traits of star players that attract them, 11 attributes are figured highly: passionate, professional, respectful, fair, approachable, humble, exciting, entertaining, winnable, articulate, and humble. The results provide contemporary insights into sports consumption motivations and attitudes of league fans, which can be instrumental in developing effective marketing strategies, enhancing spectator experience, and deepening the understanding of sports fandom among the Filipino audience.

Examining the Impact of Supply Chain Quality Management on the Performance of Premier League Volleyball Clubs with the Mediating Role of Organizational Structure

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of supply chain quality management on the performance of Premier League volleyball clubs, with the mediating role of organizational structure. Methodology: The research was descriptive-survey in nature, and the statistical population consisted of head coaches, coaches, and operational staff of the Iranian Premier League volleyball clubs. A total of 120 participants were selected through simple random sampling. The research tools included the Supply Chain Management Questionnaire by Mahmoudzadeh (2012), the Organizational Structure Questionnaire by Robbins (1989), and the Organizational Performance Questionnaire by Shafiei et al. (2013). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 and AMOS software. Findings: The results of the path analysis showed that supply chain quality management has a significant impact on the performance of Premier League volleyball clubs. The mediating role of organizational structure in this relationship was also confirmed. Additionally, the use of information technology as a reinforcing factor increased the positive effect of supply chain management on club performance. Fan satisfaction was significantly improved through better supply chain management and organizational structure. Conclusion: The findings indicate that supply chain quality management and organizational structure are two key factors in improving the performance of Premier League volleyball clubs. The use of information technology further enhances the positive effects of supply chain management. Sports managers should utilize these factors to increase efficiency and fan satisfaction.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VERTICAL JUMP HEIGHT AND NEGATIVE BLOCK PERFORMANCE OF ELITE MALE VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS AT THE SPIKER AND MIDDLE PLAYER POSITIONS

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between vertical jump height and negative block performance of elite male volleyball players in the positions of spiker and middle player. Twenty-two players, 10 middle players and 12 spikers, aged 25-30 years, playing in professional volleyball league in Turkey participated in the study. During 15 training matches, vertical jump distances were recorded with VERT belt and negative block performances (-) ineffective block and (=) erroneous block percentages) were recorded with Data Volley4 software. Since the data did not show normal distribution as a result of normality analysis performed in SPSS 25 program, the relationship between the variables was determined by Spearman correlation analysis. As a result of the analysis, there was no correlation between the average jump height of the middle players and their block error percentages, while there was a strong positive significant correlation in ineffective block percentages. There was a strong positive correlation between the vertical jump height of the spikers and their ineffective block percentage, while there was a strong negative correlation in their block error percentage. As the vertical jump height of the middle players and spikers increased, ineffective block percentage increased. It can be said that as the vertical jump height of the spikers increases, the block error percentage decreases, while the vertical jump height of the middle players does not affect the block error percentage.

Stochastic analysis of the Elo rating algorithm in round-robin tournaments

The Elo algorithm, renowned for its simplicity, is widely used for rating in sports tournaments and other applications. However, despite its widespread use, a detailed understanding of the convergence characteristics of the Elo algorithm is still lacking. Aiming to fill this gap, this paper presents a comprehensive (stochastic) analysis of the Elo algorithm, considering round-robin tournaments. Specifically, analytical expressions are derived describing the evolution of the skills and performance metrics. Then, taking into account the relationship between the behavior of the algorithm and the step-size value, which is a hyperparameter that can be controlled, design guidelines and discussions about the performance of the algorithm are provided. Experimental results are shown confirming the accuracy of the analysis and illustrating the applicability of the theoretical findings using real-world data obtained from SuperLega, the Italian volleyball league.

Perception of Players on the Coach Competence and Team Performance in the Kenyan National Soccer and Volleyball Leagues

Purpose: The purpose of the study examine whether perception of players on the coach competence predict team performance in the Kenyan national soccer and volleyball leagues.
 Methodology: The study adopted Cross-Sectional survey design. The target population for the study included players and in the Kenyan soccer and volleyball national leagues in the 2020/21season. The population of the study was 878 players from the 53 teams including 288 females in the 16 teams of 18 players, and 168 males in the 12 teams of 14 players and 98 females in the 07 teams of 14 players in volleyball respectively. The study included players who were consistent in the respective leagues for the immediate last five years. The coaches and players were both male and female. The study used Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Version 22) for data analysis. Chi-Square and Fisher’s Exact test were used.
 Findings: Results above showed that soccer players perception on training and instruction had no significant effect on team ranking (P=0.000). In addition, volleyball players perception on training and instruction had no significant effect on team ranking (P=0.000). In addition, soccer players perception on democratic behaviour had no significant effect on team ranking (P=0.354). Further, volleyball players perception on democratic behaviour had no significant effect on team ranking (P=0.095). Further soccer players perception on autocratic behaviour had a significant effect on team ranking (P=0.000).
 Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: The study focused on the Kenyan national leagues which are composed mainly of African race players. There is need to conduct a similar study in other leagues like in North Africa and middle east which consists of players mainly of Arab race, Asian continent which consists of players of Asian descent and the European and American leagues composed of players of mixed descents including the Negroid, Caucasoid and the Mongoloids

The organizational genetic footprint of the Iraqi Premier League volleyball clubs from the point of view of administrators and coaches

The organizational genetic footprint of the Iraqi Premier League volleyball clubs from the point of view of administrators and coaches

The organizational genetic footprint of the Iraqi Premier League volleyball clubs from the point of view of administrators and coaches

The organizational genetic footprint of the Iraqi Premier League volleyball clubs from the point of view of administrators and coaches

An analytical Study of the Performance officiency of Iraqi Premier League volleyball Players

An analytical Study of the Performance officiency of Iraqi Premier League volleyball Players

Women’s volleyball demand across different distribution channels

ABSTRACT Research question In this study, we add to the slowly emerging literature on modeling the demand for women's sports by exploring the robustness of the determinants for women's volleyball – previously a largely neglected team sport – across three different distribution channels, i.e. online streaming, TV broadcasts, and the stadium experience. Research methods We exploit a data set containing information on consumer interest in the German Women's Volleyball League (VBL) in 2019. In line with the literature on modeling consumer interest in sports, we estimate on-/offline audiences and spectator demand, in terms of semi-elasticity, by Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regressions. Results We find that volleyball demand is relatively stable across two of the three distribution channels (i.e. online streaming and TV broadcasts) and, to a lesser degree, the stadium experience. This pattern is particularly problematic for a niche sport's online streaming offerings that, often initiated with high hopes, seem to attract only a fraction of the otherwise relatively strong consumer interest in the sport's TV offerings. Implications While we believe that future research is well-advised to add nuance to the analysis of (women’s) sports demand across different distribution channels, our results also suggest that sporting bodies should carefully weigh the pros and cons of an exclusively online distribution strategy.

The Effectiveness of a Healthy Snack and Beverage Handout and Interactive Education on the Youth Sport Snacking Environment

Childhood obesity remains a pertinent problem in the United States, with dietary intake being one modifiable risk factor (Center of Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2022a). Thus, developing healthy dietary habits in children and adolescents is important in reducing the risk of obesity. An opportunity for this occurs in youth sport snacking behaviors. Research has indicated that snacks provided after youth sport games are often energy dense and high in sugar, sodium, and fat (Bennion et al., 2020; Irby et al., 2014; Rafferty et al., 2018). The purpose of the present study was to first observe the influences on snack choice in youth sport. Secondly, the effects of a multifactorial educational intervention guided by the social cognitive theory (SCT) on snack choice was examined. The intervention consisted of a handout, a Healthy Snack and Beverage page in the parks and recreation district guidebook, an educational booth during the first game, and an education session during the coaches’ meeting. Participants included 121 parents who had children participating in the youth soccer or volleyball league administered by a local parks and recreation district. A questionnaire was developed to determine parental perception of what is a healthy snack, after game snacking practices and influences on snack choice. The questionnaire was administered online to participants during league registration and during the last week of the season. Paired sample t-tests were performed to examine the differences in snacks purchased from pre- to post-intervention. Further, a multiple analysis was used to predict snack choice based on six identified influencing factors. There were 121 parents and coaches who responded to the pre-intervention questionnaire and 32 of those participants responded to the post-intervention questionnaire. There was a significant decrease in unhealthy snacks brought by parents (p=<0.05). The “health of the snack” (p<0.01) and “social media/advertising” (p=0.02) were independent predictors of snack choice (p<0.05). In conclusion, addressing the unhealthy snacking environment in youth sport through targeted educational interventions, could promote a healthier snacking environment.

The effects of rational emotive behavior therapy and motivational interviewing on emotions, automatic thoughts, and perceived performance of elite female volleyball players

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to examine the effect of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy intervention alone (REBT-A) or with motivational interviewing (REBT + MI) on the emotions, automatic thoughts, and perceived performance of elite female volleyball players. Designand method: Single-case, staggered multiple-baseline AB and ABC designs were adapted in the study. Five female volleyball players participated in the study, of which three players participated in the REBT-A and two players participated in the REBT + MI. The athletes were competing in the national volleyball league (Mage = 28, SD = 5.52). All participants were elite athletes with at least ten years of sports experience. Three scores (T1, T2, T3) were calculated for the athletes' perceived performance, emotion, and automatic thoughts. T1 was the baseline score calculated before the sessions. T2 was calculated after the first two sessions (the first three sessions for REBT + MI) and T3 was calculated after the last three sessions. In the data analysis, percentage changes, effect size, and visual analyzes were used in the T1, T2, and T3 scores. ResultsREBT-A and REBT + MI interventions increased perceived performance, positive emotions, and positive automatic thoughts, and decreased negative emotions and negative automatic thoughts. REBT + MI was more advantageous than REBT-A in increasing positive emotion, positive automatic thought, and perceived performance. ConclusionsAs a result, REBT alone or with motivational interviewing has a positive effect on perceived performance, emotions, and automatic thoughts, but REBT + MI has greater potential to increase positive constructs.

The Effects of the Asian Quota System and Strategies on Expansion of Korean Wave of Sport: A Case of the Korean Professional Volleyball League

The goal of this study was to prepare a practical strategy that can help the successful settlement of the Asian quota system and the success and development of Korean professional volleyball. Through in-depth interviews, participants were asked to respond about the expected effects of the introduction of the Asian quota, and the results were derived using content analysis and keyword analysis. The research results can be summarized as follows: (1) in the keyword analysis of expected effects, keywords such as performance improvement, competitiveness, fandom, profit generation, globalization, and the Korean wave of volleyball were frequently appeared. (2) Regarding the introduction of the Asian quota system, the participants showed a positive attitude rather than a negative attitude, and said that the Asian quota system would improve the league's performance and competitiveness. (3) Participants expected that a new fan base would flow into Korean professional volleyball and a fandom would be formed due to the player selected for the Asian Quota. (4) The introduction of the Asian quota could generate additional revenue for the V-League and clubs and would be of financial help. (5) The Asian Quota can play a role as a medium for the integration of Korean multicultural society and the development and growth of the Korean volleyball agent system was also identified. Based on the results, Korea Volleyball Federation (KOVO) will have to carry out marketing for the expansion of the V-League into the Asian market, using the introduction of the Asian quota system as a stepping stone. We hope that Korean professional volleyball will become the central axis of Korean sports through KOVO's global marketing including the Asian Quota.