Volcanic Eruption Disaster Research Articles

Distribution Pattern of Volcanic Ash Essential Elements on the Top Layer of Agricultural Land Post Merapi Eruption in Sleman

Volcanic ash contains essential elements to the soil fertility of agricultural land which is important to be investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution pattern of volcanic ash essential elements as a result of volcanic eruption disaster using Surfer software. To input, the Surfer software, soil samples of volcanic ash at 10 sampling locations in Sleman at a radius of 14 to 26 km towards the south from a peak of Merapi were collected. Data of wind direction, humidity and ground level at the time of sampling were also collected. The concentrations of the essential element in samples were measured using NAA (neutron activation analysis). The pH of volcanic ash samples in each sampling locations was also measured. The results showed that volcanic ash for all sampling locations contained, Al, Fe, Na, K, and Si as major elements and Zn, Co, and Se as trace elements. The concentration distribution pattern of the Zn, Si, Co and Fe elements tends to decrease towards the peak of Merapi, on the other hand, the Na, and K elements showed that their distribution concentration tends to decrease away from the peak of Merapi. The wind’s speed affects the distribution range of an element contained in volcanic ash samples. The pH of volcanic ash samples seemingly only affect the concentration of Zn elements in the distribution pattern of elements.

PENGEMBANGAN BUKU TEKS MITIGASI BENCANA PADA MATERI ERUPSI GUNUNG API DI SDN PENATARAN 01 KABUPATEN BLITAR

<p>In science subjects at the elementary school level, the concept of geologi’s disaster can be introduced, such as disaster mitigation, namely volcanic eruption disaster. The purpose of this study was to determine the contents feasibility and the book presentation of disaster mitigation education material. In addition, the purpose of developing textbooks was to determine students' understanding of volcanic eruption disaster mitigation materials. This research was designed with a modified 4-D development design. The 4-D development design stages are Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. In this study the 4-D design was modified into three steps, namely: Define, Design, Develop. Based on the results of research and discussion, the feasibility of the contents and presentation of the book with Disaster Mitigation education material for grade 5 students after going through a series of processes including the validation from material experts, product presentation, language, graphics, limited trials, and field trials, the product is categorized of having very good quality. The level on students understanding of disaster mitigation education material of grade 5 books as a developed product is seen based on students cognitive and affective aspects. Based on the result of the student work on the post test sheet, the average value obtained by the students is 82,25, it incates that students learning process about the mitigation of volcanic eruption disaster have been completed. The dominant scientific attitude of students are curiosity, gaining new information, and cooperation. These scientific atitudes are reflected in the activities of students who are interested in repeating the experiments and their harmonious work shown by the fact that they can work well together with friend within their group.</p><p><strong><em>Keywords: development; textbooks; disaster mitigation; volcanoes</em></strong></p>

Dhamar Wulan and Menak Jinggo War; Mythological Interpretation on The Perception of Disaster Risk at Raung Eruption

The response in the face of disaster provided by the community depends on many factors, one of which is the perception they build by the knowledge, experience, or inheritance of its predecessor. In the case of people who have little contact with information technology, perceptions will be strongly influenced by the inheritance of their predecessors. As in dealing with disasters, they will use the knowledge gained from the experience or knowledge of previous generations. This article aims to interpret the public perception of Bondowoso Regency about the risk of volcanic eruption disaster. Using a qualitative approach with 64 subjects representing three districts namely, Tlogosari, Sempol, and Sumber Wringin. Interview techniques are used for data collection which is then analyzed by four-stage interactive analysis model; (1) Data collection, (2) Data reduction, (3) Data Display, and (4) Verification. Residents from the eight villages believe that the flow of lava (lava flow) in the area they live in is the former blood flow from the fight Dhamar Wulan and Menak Jinggo. So there is no disaster threat in their neighborhood. This knowledge is passed on to the next generation. When confidence in the environment mixes with information from authorities, they still believe that the environment in which they are raised will not pose a catastrophic threat. They are just natural routines that have been experienced by previous generations.

Surrogate Experiential Learning-Based Science Subject Specific Pedagogy (SSP) to Build Disaster Preparedness of Junior High School Students on Volcanic Eruption

The study was conducted to develop surrogate experiential learning (SEL)-based science Subject Specific Pedagogy (SSP) that is feasible to be implemented in science learning and potentially to build volcanic eruption disaster preparedness of junior high school students. The study was Research and Development (RD), modified from Borg Gall steps covering only research and information collecting, planning, preliminary form of product development, expert judgment, product revision, and final product. The subjects were 2 expert lecturers (content expert and media expert) and 2 science teachers of SMP N 2 Cangkringan. The types of data were quantitative and qualitative. Data were collected by means of SSP validation sheets and disaster preparedness identification sheets. The techniques of data analysis were descriptive analysis of qualitative and quantitative to 5 grading scale. The result of the study shows that SEL-based science SSP is feasible to be implemented in science learning and potential to build volcanic eruption disaster preparedness of junior high school students.

Experience of Nagano Prefectural Kiso Hospital in the Volcanic Eruption Disaster of Mt. Ontake

Experience of Nagano Prefectural Kiso Hospital in the Volcanic Eruption Disaster of Mt. Ontake

Development and application of humanistic logistics models for optimizing location-allocation problem solutions to volcanic eruption disaster (Case study: Volcanic eruption of Mount Merapi, Indonesia)

AbstractLogistics distribution in the event of natural disasters, such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes and floods, is an important matter that needs attention of both government and society. The distribution of logistics in many disaster-prone countries, including Indonesia, is poorly planned and managed. Therefore, various problems arise, such as low efficiency and effectiveness of delivery and poor cost-effective flow. This study developed location-allocation models for distribution and evacuation of refugees and logistics. The investigation was conducted by determining the characteristics of the disaster management system of volcanic eruption in Mount Merapi, Indonesia. The mathematical model was built and a set of solution procedure was proposed to solve the problem. The objective of the model is to minimize total costs of the system and determine the optimal solutions at the three alert-levels, which are alert phase, danger phase and post-disaster phase. The results were discussed and models were ...

Analisis dan Strategi Komunikasi Perancangan Program Edutainment “Seri Aktivitas Alam: Gunung Meletus”

The process of visual communication strategies can be created into a good persuasive invitation. This study depicted the issues in the world of children when dealing with nature activity within the scope of volcano eruptions. This study was conducted with a qualitative approach and triadic, ethnographic in children psychological and behavioral conditions after volcanic eruption disaster. Research found the common thread between supporting and main theory related to visual communication strategies. It, then, described in detail the development of communicators to become a mascot, continued on the delivery of messages through the comics, and invited the target to experience design experience.

Clustering Inventory Locations to Improve the Performance of Disaster Relief Operations

One of the most important activities for satisfying relief demand during disaster relief operations is logistic and inventory. To fulfill the relief demand after the disaster, pre-positioning inventory is prepared in each shelter before the disaster. However, their amount of inventory is only enough for fulfilling the demand in short period after disaster. Due to chaotic condition at that moment, relief inventory level at each inventory location (shelter) also vary significantly and some of them may short of important items. In that situation, there is a need to leverage the level of inventory between shelters with lateral transshipment operations. Lateral transshipment within inventory system is a stock movement between locations of relief inventory storage of the same echelon level. In this operation, interconnection between shelters can be assumed as a network having self-supply capability that each of them is able to redistribute stock to their neighboring locations. However, lateral transshipment may contribute to further discrepancy of inventory level if it is not managed carefully. We proposed a method of improving the performance of lateral transshipment operations through cluster formation of shelters before the disaster event occurs. The clusters formation is based on the algorithm of stable roommate problem. To support validity of our model, the numerical simulation of volcanic eruption disaster is used. The results show that the cluster formation contributes to better performance of relief logistic and inventory.

Information technology in real-time for monitoring and managing natural disasters

This paper considers the rôle of information technology in forecasting, monitoring and managing disasters in real-time (i.e., by analysis of data as soon as they are collected). First, the advantages and pitfalls of a technological approach to natural hazards are discussed, then the general nature of real-time technology is described. There follows a review of the appropriate techniques of monitoring the physical impacts of earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, floods and landslides. Next the rôle of information technology in disaster management is assessed, with emphasis on telecommunications and simulation modelling. As a cautionary note, two notorious failures of prediction and warning are discussed (the storm of October 1987 in England and the volcanic eruption disaster of November 1985 in Colombia), both of which would have benefited from more careful use of real-time monitoring. It is concluded that microcomputers, earth resources satellites, communications satellites and Geographical Information Systems offer considerable potential for natural disaster management, especially if real-time uses are developed by integrating these technologies.