Vocational Preference Inventory Research Articles

Personality and vocational interests of creative adolescents from racial and ethnic minorities

ABSTRACT This study examined personality and vocational interests in creative adolescents from racial and ethnic minority groups in the Midwest, identified with a profiling method developed based oncharacteristics that eminent creative individuals presented inadolescence. Participants included 97 students from different racial and ethnic minority groups, whose personality and vocational interests were described and compared using the Six Factor Personality Questionnaire (SFPQ), and the Vocational Preference Inventory (VPI). Participants from all racial and ethnic groups displayed similar personality traits and vocational interests, consistent with creative adults; scoring highest in Openness to Experience, Extraversion, Artistic and Investigative interests, and scoring lowest in Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Conventional interests. No significant multivariate differences emerged between racial and ethnic minority groups. These results point to the existence of a cross-cultural creative personality and vocational interests, likely following the pattern of convergence-divergence in different creativedomains observed in eminent individuals from racial and ethnicminorities.

Holland Vocational Preference Inventory Rationing in the Palestinian Environment

Holland Vocational Preference Inventory Rationing in the Palestinian Environment

Vocational Preference Inventory of Korean College Students with Symptoms of Temporomandibular Disorders

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the association of vocational interest and personality with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Methods: Four hundred and fourteen college students in Gyeonggi-do completed Vocational Preference Inventory L form and a questionnaire and collected data were analyzed by R program. Results: The percentage of subjects who responded that they had at least one contributing factor for TMD was significantly different among 27 two-letter Holland codes (p<0.05). The two-letter Holland codes of which the first-letter was social (S) (S artistic [A], S investigative [I], S realistic [R], S conventional [C], S enterprising [E]) or C (CE, CS, CA, CI) had tendency of having the relatively higher prevalence of symptoms and contributing factors for TMD. Among 6 one-letter Holland codes, the prevalence of a symptom of frequent fatigue in the jaw and a habit of gum chewing showed the significant difference (p<0.05). E code seemed to have lower prevalence of a symptom of frequent fatigue in the jaw than other codes. S code appeared to use chewing gum more frequently than other codes. High scorers on emotional instability showed the significantly higher prevalence of TMD symptoms (p<0.05) and contributing factors for TMD (p<0.001) than low scorers. Furthermore, high scorers on emotional instability had significantly higher mean scales of the number of positive answers of TMD symptoms (p<0.01) and of contributing factors for TMD (p<0.001) than low scorers. Conclusions: Symptoms and contributing factors for TMD were related to emotional instability. Vocational Preference Inventory L form might be utilized in assessing emotional factors of persons with TMD symptoms.

Examination of Relation Between Personality Types and Demographic Properties of Academic Staff

Universities are top institutions among education organizations. The personality types of academicians employed in these organizations are very important in terms of their own development and the development of the students they educate. The aim of this study is to examine the relation between personality types of academic staff and gender, mother education level and father education level variables. The research model is relational scanning. While determining the research group, teleological sampling method was selected among non-random sampling methods. The research was conducted through data obtained from 67 academic staff employed in different universities of Turkey during 2011- 2012 academic year. As data collection tool, “Holland vocational preference inventory” and “personal information form” were used. Chi square (x 2 ) test was performed in order to determine whether personality types of academic staff vary according to gender, mother education level and father education level.It was observed that the personality types of academic staff do not demonstrate significant difference according to gender. (x 2 = 1.01 and p&gt;0.05) It was found that personality types of academic staff have a significant relation with mother education level (x 2 = 9.29 and p&lt;0.05) and father education level. (x 2 = 9.79 and p&lt;0.05) In line with the research findings, it was noted that academic staff has a social personality type containing helpfulness, social cooperation, sincerity, patience and similar properties. The relation of academic staff personality types with mother and father education levels emphasize the importance of parent education in determination of preferences and interests. Related with determination of academic staff personality types, their relation with variables such as attitude towards profession, academic success and so on can also be checked. Keywords: Holland vocational preference inventory, academic staff, demographic properties

Test Review: Vocational Preference Inventory

Test Review: <i>Vocational Preference Inventory</i>

Searching for Tomorrow's Innovators: Profiling Creative Adolescents

Profiling may be a viable means of identifying those creative adolescents who can benefit from specialized guidance and exploration of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields, arts, and human services. The experimenters developed 1 general and 5 specific profiles including interest, personality, and achievement variables based on the profiles of eminent people in five domains of creative endeavor. Educators of gifted students at schools throughout a Midwestern state identified 485 students to attend a research through service counseling laboratory. One cohort received the Vocational Preference Inventory, the Personality Research Form, and the Tellegen Absorption Scale, and a second cohort received the VPI, the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO- PI-R), and Tellegen Absorption Scale. For each cohort, descriptive data were gathered and principal components analyses were performed on scales of interest and personality inventories. In addition, a cluster analysis was performed for the second cohort. The finding supported the hypothesis that profiling could be used to identify creative adolescents for career development programs. Both principal components analyses and cluster analyses revealed profiles of fine and performing arts students: one or two profiles of interpersonally talented groupings: and an engineering/technical profile. Creative students were more agreeable than those in previous studies, and there was strong evidence for crossover arts/science profiles.

The Jackson Career Explorer

The present report consists of two further validity studies using the Jackson Career Explorer (JCE), a short form and continuous version of the Jackson Vocational Interest Survey, measuring 34 interests. The first study examined the relationships between the JCE and five personality factors, from a sample of 528 individuals. The correlations found typically replicate the pattern of relationships found between vocational interests and personality. The second study examined the JCE in relation to Holland’s Vocational Preference Inventory in a sample of 270 individuals. Convergent correlations were found between the two interest measures. The results further support the use of the JCE as a measure of vocational interests.

Spójność i zróżnicowanie typów osobowości zawodowej według J. L. Hollanda a poziom natężenia wybranych wymiarów psychologicznych

Tested hypothesis derived from J. L. Holland’s (1997) theory of vocational choice: relations between combination of levels personality dimensions (Consistency, and Differentiation) and three work related personal variables (Self-Control, Acquiescence and Pragmatism). Holland’s Vocational Preference Inventory – VPI (Polish version 1998 by Nosal, Piskorz i Świąt-nicki) was used to identify consistent-inconsistent and differentiated-undifferentiated vocational patterns. Measures of Self-Control and Acquiescence were also computed using the VPI. Wojciszke’s The Pragmatism Scale (derived in part from the Self-Monitoring Scale and based on M. Snyder’s – 1974, 1979 – theory of the pragmatic and principled selves) was used to identify level of Pragmatism. Ss were 100 person, 66 women and 34 men, ages 23 to 61 years (M = 34,86,SD = 10,88) with higher level of education. They represented conventional and social types of vocation. Ss’ scores on VPI inventory using cluster analysis were grouped into three combinations of personality profiles – Consistent/Differentiated, Inconsistent/Differentiated, and Inconsistent/Undifferentiated. By using clusters as independent variables was found that Inconsistent/Undifferentiated profiles had the lowest Acquiescence scores and Consistent/Differentiated had the lowest Self-Control scores. Inconsistent/Differentiated profiles were associated with the highest Pragmatism.

Congruence of Holland's Theory of Vocational and Work Environments with GPA of College Students in the United Arab Emirates

Holland's theory of vocational personalities and work environment, extended to educational environments, was used as a theoretical framework for the study of the relation of congruence and sex on self-reported GPA. 617 students at Ajman University of Science and Technology responded to the Vocational Preference Inventory. Analysis of variance indicated that students' congruence and sex were significant predictors of GPA and the interaction of GPA and sex. Associations of sex with congruence and with Academic Environment were significant, represented by choice of major. Implications of the findings were discussed.

Career self-efficacy, career outcome expectations and vocational interests among Japanese university students.

The Social Cognitive Career Model proposes that career interests arise from beliefs about capability to execute a course of activity (self-efficacy), and beliefs about the consequences of performing particular activities (outcome expectations). In our study, 301 Japanese university students were given questionnaires including the Vocational Preference Inventory and scales assessing Career Self-efficacy and Career-outcome Expectations. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated both self-efficacy and outcome expectations were significantly related to vocational interests. Outcome expectations accounted for significant incremental variance in explaining interests across six of Holland's vocational environments. Implications of social cognitive theory for career development and interventions among Japanese university students are discussed.

Alternative Personality Variables and the Relationship to Holland's Personality Types in College Students

This study examined the relationship of alternative personality systems and vocational interests in a sample of college students. The sample (N = 126) consisted of undergraduate college students who were administered the Vocational Preference Inventory (VPI), the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire Brief Form (MPQ-BF), the Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire (ZKPQ), and the Sensation Seeking scale (SSS-V). It was determined that younger college students generally have undifferentiated vocational profiles. There is, however, a trend for men to be interested in Realistic, Enterprising, and Investigative vocations, whereas women were interested in Social, Enterprising, and Artistic vocations. Men and women had different associations between scores on personality inventories and interests in certain vocations. Finally, significant convergence between similar scales on the instruments was indicated. The findings reveal that the utilization of alternative personality traits and their linkage to vocational interests in clinical settings are vital for merging the two domains.

Meta-analyses of Big Six Interests and Big Five Personality Factors

This article presents a series of meta-analyses examining the 24 samples to date that have revealed the overlap of the three most widely used measures of Holland's Big Six domains of vocational interest, namely the Self-Directed Search (Holland, 1985a), the Strong Interest Inventory (Hansen & Campbell, 1985; Harmon, Hansen, Borgen, & Hammer, 1994), and the Vocational Preference Inventory (Holland, 1985b), with the most widely accepted measure of the Big Five personality factors, namely the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (Costa & McCrae, 1992). The meta-analyses showed the mean effect sizes for each of the 30 correlations between the six interest dimensions and the five personality dimensions. Of the 30 correlations, 5 appeared to be substantial for both women and men and across the interest measures. They are Artistic–Openness ( r=.48), Enterprising–Extraversion ( r=.41), Social–Extraversion ( r=.31), Investigative–Openness ( r=.28), and Social–Agreeableness ( r=.19).

The Relationship between Holland's Occupational Types and 16PF Global Factor Scores among University Students

The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between personality, as measured by the five global factors of Cattell's 16PF, and occupational interests, as measured by Holland's Vocational Preference Inventory (VPI). Data were obtained from 122 undergraduate students studying various degree programs at a Melbourne university. Partial support was found for the hypothesis that vocational interests correlate with personality measures. The hypothesis that students completing different vocationally orientated degree programs would produce discrete personality profiles received limited support. Distinctly different RIASEC profiles, however, were evident across the four course groups. It was concluded that an understanding of both vocational interest and personality theory would enhance the services provided by career guidance professionals.

The Early Years of Holland's Research: Some Personal Reflections

This article provides a personal account of some of John Holland's theoretical, empirical and developmental work during the period 1954 through 1963. It shows that fun as well as creativity characterized aspects of the development of the Vocational Preference Inventory, the Environmental Assessment Technique, and two large-scale longitudinal research enterprises.

An Evaluation of the Cross-Cultural Validity of Holland's Theory: Career Choices by Workers in India

The current study evaluated the cross-cultural validity of Holland's (1985) theory through internal and external analyses based on the responses of 172 natives of India who completed the Vocational Preference Inventory (VPI) and measures of job and occupational satisfaction. Internal consistency estimates for Holland dimensions, intercorrelations among participants' vocational interest scales, and the results of a randomization test (Tracey, 1997) all provide evidence for the internal structure of the VPI with Indians. However, the VPI did not exhibit high external validity. Further, multiple regression results indicated that congruence, consistency, and differentiation did not predict job or occupational satisfaction, suggesting cross-cultural boundaries on Holland's theory itself. Finally, we assessed and found limited conceptual and linguistic equivalence of measurement of the VPI in India. The assumptions of Holland's theory in light of the current findings are discussed.

The occupations of drink drivers: Using occupational information to identify targetable characteristics of offenders

Data collected by the Victoria Police at the time an alleged drink-driving offender undergoes an evidential breath test for the presence of alcohol were analyzed to investigate the possibility that occupational information could be used to define groups of drink-drivers with similar characteristics. Such groups could then be utilized in the development of targeted public education campaigns in the Victorian (Australia) context where there are already high levels of enforcement and mass-media publicity. It is argued that drink-drivers in this context are likely to share some characteristics which might reduce the impact of current programs. Analysis of the data relied on the application of a theory of the relationship between career choice and other behavioral characteristics (Holland, 1973, Making Vocational Choices, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.; Holland, 1975, Manual for the Vocational Preference Inventory, Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto, CA). The analysis identified two potential groups which accounted for 58% of the male drink-drivers. These groups differed from other male drink drivers in a number of ways, underlining the potential for their use as targets in future campaigns. One occupational category accounted for 42% of the male drink drivers, including occupations such as carpenter, electrician, chef, mechanic, gardener, and laborer. The behavioral characteristics associated with these occupational codes in the Holland model included asocial, conforming, reserved, introspective, unpopular, orderly, careful, unimaginative, and defensive. The other occupational category accounted for 16% of the male drink drivers and included occupations such as business manager, company director, public servant, and sales representative. Behavioral characteristics associated with this combination included acquisitive, adventurous, ambitious, energetic, extroverted, friendly, and generous.

Examination of Interest Inventories Based on Roe's Classification

This article describes the adaptation of two interest inventories translated into English, based on Roe's (1956) classification of occupations. In an analysis based on the responses of 181 participants, the items followed the 6 rules for interest inventory items formulated by Meir and Gati (1981). The Cronbach alpha reliability of the 8 field scores in the 2 inventories ranged between .73 and .91. A Smallest Space Analysis (SSA) on 8 field scores on the Ramak, 8 field scores on the Courses and 6 personality type scores on Holland's (1973) Vocational Preference Inventory (VPI) supported the construct validity of the inventories.

General Versus Specific Predictors of Specialty Choice in Psychology: Holland Codes and Theoretical Orientations

A general measure of vocational personality (Holland codes) as presented in the Vocational Preference Inventory (VPI; Holland, 1985) is compared to a more specific measure of preferences (theoretical orientations) with respect to differentiating among specialty areas in psychology—specifically, clinical, counseling, and experimental psychology (Coan, 1979). Counseling and clinical doctoral students differ from experimental doctoral students on both theoretical orientations and vocational personality. The counseling and clinical students do not differ on theoretical orientations, but do differ on vocational personality, with counseling students being more socially oriented than clinical students. These findings are surprising in light of literature that suggests specific preferences should be more predictive of specialty interests. Implications for counseling are suggested, including some cautions about using rational, rather than empirical, measures of Holland three-point codes for psychologists.

Rates and Correlates of Career Development

Readiness for making educational and vocational choices plays a crucial role in career decision-making (Super, 1955). The present study examined (a) personality and role correlates of career choice readiness and (b) rates of change in career choice readiness measured twice over a 1-year period. A cohort of 64 high school students (28 girls, 36 boys) completed the Career Development Inventory (CDI; Super, Thompson, Lindeman, Jordaan, &amp; Myers, 1979), the Vocational Preference Inventory (VPI; Holland, 1985a), and the Salience Inventory (SI; Super &amp; Nevill, 1986) at the end of their freshman and sophomore years. Results supported hypothesized sex differences in CDI scores, with girls scoring higher than boys on three CDI scales. Hypothesized increases in CDI scores commensurate with grade level were not supported. Significant, albeit low to moderate, correlations between various CDI scale scores and scores on several VPI and SI scales partially supported hypothesized relationships between career development and personality and role salience.

Differential effects of two test-interpretation styles in counseling: A field study.

Two styles of test interpretation, delivered and interactive, were compared in ongoing career counseling for 26 university honors students. The styles were used in interpreting the Personality Research Form and the Vocational Preference Inventory in the second session. Clients listed their thoughts in session after each test was interpreted. After the session, clients evaluated session impact and counselor influence. Clients in the two conditions did not differ in the number of thoughts listed or in the favorability of their thoughts. However, clients who received an interactive interpretation also considered their sessions to be deeper and their counselors to be more expert, trustworthy, and attractive than did clients who received a delivered interpretation. Implications for test-interpretation practice and research are discussed.