Use Of Vitamin Supplements Research Articles

Nutritional status of Saudi obese patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, one-year follow-up study.

Bariatric surgery has significantly increased globally as an effective treatment for severe obesity. Nutritional deficits are common among candidates for bariatric surgery, and follow-up of nutritional status is critically needed for post-surgery healthcare management. This observational prospective study was conducted at King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh. Samples were collected pre- and post-laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), with the visit intervals divided into four visits: pre-surgery (0M), 3 months (3M), 6 months (6M) and 12 months (12M). Food intake and eating patterns significantly changed during the first year (P < 0·001). The mean energy intake at 3M post-surgery was 738·3 kcal, significantly lower than the pre-surgery energy intake of 2059 kcal. Then, it increased gradually at 6M and 12M to reach 1069 kcal (P < 0·00). The intake of Fe, vitamin B12 and vitamin D was below the dietary reference intake recommendations, as indicated by the 24-hour dietary recall. The prevalence of 25 (OH) vitamin D deficiency improved significantly from pre- to post-surgery (P < 0·001). Vitamin B12 deficiency was less reported pre-LSG and improved steadily towards a sufficient post-surgery status. However, 35·7 % of participants were deficient in Fe status, with 28·6% being female at higher levels than males. While protein supplementation decreased significantly over the 12M follow-up, the use of vitamin supplements dramatically increased at 3 and 6M before declining at 12M. Fe and vitamin B12 were the most popular supplements after vitamin D. This study confirms the necessity for individualised dietary plans and close monitoring of candidates' nutritional status before and after bariatric surgery.

Некоторые факторы, оказывающие влияние на заболеваемость ОРВИ детей (10–18 лет), проживающих на территории Мурманской области

To identify factors influencing the incidence children of respiratory diseases, a study was conducted on the health of schoolchildren aged 10–18 years living in the Murmansk region. A trend has been established that children who take any vitamin and mineral supplements in their food are recover faster. This suggests that the available food for schoolchildren is unbalanced in its main components and the inclusion of local products in a child’s diet is not enough to fully replenish all the necessary nutrients in the growing body of adolescents. The use of various vitamin and mineral supplements in food, including vitamin D3 and fish oil, allows you to at least partially compensate for the lack of essential elements.

Serum vitamins and trace elements in vitiligo patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies

AbstractVitiligo is one of the most common pigmentary skin disorders, which significantly impacts the quality of life. The aetiology and pathophysiology of vitiligo are still unclear, but one of the proposed mechanisms is oxidative damage interrupting melanogenesis. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the serum levels of trace elements and vitamins and to systematically review the evidence comparing vitiligo patients with a healthy group. We comprehensively retrieved all studies related to vitiligo and the serum levels of vitamins and minerals from databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Magiran, SID and ISC up to December 2022. Quality assessment and data extraction were conducted by two independent reviewers. Pooled standard mean differences with 95% confidence intervals were estimated using random‐effects models. Our meta‐analysis revealed no significant differences in serum levels of Vitamin B12 and copper. It was concluded that serum concentrations of Vitamin D, Vitamin E, and zinc were lower in vitiligo patients. Conversely, these patients exhibited higher levels of selenium and folic acid compared with healthy individuals. These results might affect the potential use of vitamin and mineral supplementation in vitiligo treatment.

Determination of bariatric surgery outcomes: prospective study

Aims: Obesity and related problems are an important health problem whose prevalence has increased in recent years. Bariatric surgery is one of the accepted clinical treatment methods for obesity. However, the obesity-related problems that bariatric surgery corrects and the problems it causes are not clear.The aim of the study is to determine the recovery status and problems experienced in obesity and related problems in patients who have undergone bariatric surgery. Methods:185 individuals who underwent bariatric surgery participated in the study. A 24-question data collection form, prepared by the researchers in line with the literature and including sociodemographic data, pre- and post-operative weight changes, problems experienced due to obesity, problems resolved after surgery, and problems experienced due to surgery, was used. Results: It was determined that 18.4% (n=34) experienced postoperative complications. most common problems are hair loss (66.4%) and vitamin deficiency (55.1%) after surgery. 74% of individuals reported taking vitamin supplements. After the surgery, it was found that most of the individuals (41.37%; n=12) had gallbladder surgery. After the surgery, individuals reported improvement in symptoms related to psychological (60.5%), joint (48.6%), eating and respiratory problems (46.4%; 43.2%). When the type of surgery was compared with revision surgery, presence of complications, postoperative psychological support, and vitamin supplement use, no statistically significant relationship was found (p&gt;0.05). Conclusion: Our research shows that it is important to monitor the long-term health status of individuals who have undergone bariatric surgery.

Determinants and Prevalence of Depression Among Dietary Supplement Users in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Dietary supplements (DSs) are used by a large number of people globally. It is widely believed that DSs can improve health, prevent diseases, and replenish vitamin and micronutrient deficiencies. We aimed to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with DS use among the Saudi population and the association between DS consumption and depressive symptoms. Research methodology: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022. The questionnaire was distributed through an online mode among adult Saudis (18 years or older) living in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.The survey included four parts: socio-demographic characteristics, participants' health, lifestyle, and activity, vitamin and mineral supplement use, and a patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) as a valid and reliable diagnostic tool for depression. Result: Of the 1309 respondents, 1173 were enrolled. The mean age of the participants was 26.3 ± 8.8 (range, 18-24) years, and approximately 14.7% exhibited psychological anxiety while 8.4% experienced psychological depression. The prevalence of DS use among Saudis was found to be relatively high (52.2%). The most commonly used DS was vitamin D (43%). DSs improved depressive symptoms in 49.4% of the participants. Conclusion: The prevalence of DS use is high among the Saudi population, and vitamin D is the most common DS. The use of multivitamins and minerals, especially iron, is associated with improved depressive symptoms; however, further studies are needed to understand the relationship between DS use and depressive symptoms.

Vitamin B12 Ameliorates Pesticide-Induced Sociability Impairment in Zebrafish (Danio rerio): A Prospective Controlled Intervention Study

Constant exposure to a variety of environmental factors has become increasingly problematic. A variety of illnesses are initiated or aided by the presence of certain perturbing factors. In the case of autism spectrum disorder, the environmental component plays an important part in determining the overall picture. Moreover, the lack of therapies to relieve existing symptoms complicates the fight against this condition. As a result, animal models have been used to make biomedical research easier and more suited for disease investigations. The current study used zebrafish as an animal model to mimic a real-life scenario: acute exposure to an increased dose of pesticides, followed by prospective intervention-based therapy with vitamin B12 (vit. B12). It is known that vit. B12 is involved in brain function nerve tissue, and red blood cell formation. Aside from this, the role of vit. B12 in the redox processes is recognized for its help against free radicals. To investigate the effect of vit. B12, fish were divided into four different groups and exposed to a pesticide mixture (600 μg L−1 fipronil + 600 μg L−1 pyriproxyfen) and 0.24 μg L−1 vit. B12 for 14 days. The impact of the compounds was assessed daily with EthoVision XT 11.5 software for behavioral observations, especially for sociability, quantified by the social interaction test. In addition, at the end of the study, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. The results showed significant improvements in locomotor activity parameters and a positive influence of the vitamin on sociability. Regarding the state of oxidative stress, high activity was found for SOD and GPx in the case of vit. B12, while fish exposed to the mixture of pesticides and vit. B12 had a lower level of MDA. In conclusion, the study provides new data about the effect of vit. B12 in zebrafish, highlighting the potential use of vitamin supplementation to maintain and support the function of the organism.

Vitamin supplements: Are they associated with immune status?

Background & AimsVitamins are essential nutrients, taken in very small amounts (0.01 to 100 mg a day). Associations between vitamin supplement intake or status and the immune system are far from consensual. Our aim was to understand the association between vitamin supplements and the immune system, namely regarding lymphocyte count and immunoglobulin levels against infectious pathogens. MethodsCross-sectional study using data from the first follow-up of the CoLaus|PsyCoLaus study (April 2009 to September 2012). Participants were categorized as vitamin users and non-users. Serostatus for 15 viruses, six bacteria, and one parasite was assessed. Data for inflammatory markers (hs-CRP, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and blood elements were also collected. ResultsOf the initial 5064 participants, 3769 (74.5%, mean age 58.3±10.5 years, 53.6% women) were retained for serostatus. On bivariate analysis, participants taking vitamins presented with higher positivity levels in three markers and lower positivity levels in two, but those differences were no longer statistically significant after multivariable analysis. 4489 participants (88.6%, mean age 57.7±10.5 years, 53.2% women) had data for inflammatory markers; no association was found between vitamin supplement use and inflammatory markers both on bivariate and multivariable analysis. Finally, 3349 participants (66.1%, mean age 57.3±10.3 years, 53.1% women) had data for blood elements; on bivariate analysis, vitamin supplement users had lower levels of haemoglobin and lymphocytes, but those differences were no longer significant after multivariable adjustment. ConclusionIn this cross-sectional, population-based study, we found no association between vitamin supplement use and markers of immune status.

Community Pharmacist's Awareness, Knowledge and Attitude Towards use of Vitamin Supplements in Pimpri-Chinchwad Municipal Corporation (PCMC) Area of Pune, India: A Descriptive Cross Sectional Study.

US FDA defines: dietary supplements is a product that intended to supplement a person's diet, it's generally consist of at least one or more of the following dietary ingredients, vitamin, minerals, a herb or other botanical and amino acid by increasing the daily consumptions of an extract metabolite concentration, constitute or combinations of these medication. Excessive and inappropriate use of medicines has been recognised as a public health problem resulting in increased likelihood of adverse drug event, drug interaction, and inappropriate drug prescribing and increased cost. This was the cross-sectional study conducted in year 2022 at Pimpri Chinchwad (Pune). The total 250 questionaires are distributed and from that 226 response were received. Target population consist of community pharmacists working in the drug store in this area (n=226). Data was represented in three domains of study i. e. awareness, knowledge and attitude. Correlation coefficient using Pearson's method were determined to evaluate strength of correlation between awareness-knowledge, Knowledge-attitude and awareness-attitude. Correlation coefficient were calculated by comparing most relevant and equal number of questions. The study demonstrated positive attitude among surveyed community pharmacists in Pune, India. There is lacuna in accurate and adequate awareness, knowledge and attitude of vitamin deficiency, efficiency, recommended daily allowance (RDA), toxicity and interactions among pharmacist as one of the stakeholders of healthcare in India. Few of the remedies viz. framing of guidelines, inclusion in formal education syllabus, continuous education, updation exams etc. may be of use.

A Cross-Sectional Study on the Awareness and Practice of the Use of Supplemental Vitamin C, Arginine, and Zinc in Managing Wounds Among Healthcare Workers in Saudi Arabia.

Introduction The intricate connection between nutrition and compromised wound healing exposes patients to heightened risks of pressure ulcers, infections, and delayed recovery from wounds or traumatic injuries. In-depth scientific investigations have shed light on the potential of specialized nutritional supplements, combined with regular wound care, to significantly boost the management of pressure ulcers and the wound healing process. The study focuses on supplemental Vitamin C, Arginine, and Zinc due to their established roles in wound healing, aiming to assess the awareness and practice of healthcare workers in Saudi Arabia regarding these essential nutrients for effective wound management. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess awareness and practice among healthcare workers in Saudi Arabia regarding the use of supplemental Vitamin C, Arginine, and Zinc in managingwounds. Methods This study adopts a cross-sectional research design to explore the dynamics to assess the awareness and practice among healthcare workers about the use of supplemental Vitamin C, Arginine, and Zinc in managingwounds in Saudi Arabia. The research methodology encompasses developing and validating a questionnaire, data collection, and subsequent analysis. Thorough statistical analyses, encompassing descriptive statistics, validated assessment scales, and inferential statistics, were conducted using SPSS and Microsoft Excel to explore intricacy prevalence and severity relationships with various factors, maintaining a statistical power of 80% at a cutoff value of 0.05. Result In a cross-sectional survey of 510 healthcare professionals, the socio-demographic analysis revealed a predominant hospital workplace (61.56%), with pharmacists representing 10.19%, and comprehensive tabulation of response rates and p-values, while the knowledge and awareness assessment demonstrated varied understanding and perceptions of wound care supplements, including frequent encounters with pressure ulcers or wounds (36.5%), diverse awareness levels for Vitamin C, Arginine, and Zinc, with the collaboration and communication dynamics among healthcare workers, detailed in tabulated response rates and p-values. Conclusion The findings reveal a diverse understanding landscape, with varying levels of awareness, perceived effectiveness, and confidence in applying these supplements.

Relationship between Eating Habits and 4-Nonylphenol Concentration in Breast Milk of Women in Slovakia.

4-Nonylphenol belongs to the alkylphenol group of chemicals, and its high occurrence in the environment can cause an adverse effect on human health. Breast milk can serve as a marker to take measure of human exposure to these chemicals through different routes of exposure. In this work, the influence of selected factors (the kind of water drank by the mothers; the consumption of fish, pork, and beef; wearing gloves; using nail polish, gel nails, vitamins, and medication) on the concentration on 4-nonylphenol in 89 breast milk samples was studied. The concentrations of nonylphenol in breast milk were determined by HPLC with fluorescence detection. The lowest and highest concentrations of 4-nonylphenol in breast milk were 0.97 ng/mL and 4.37 ng/mL, respectively. Statistical significance was observed for the consumption of pork (p = 0.048) and fish (0.041) in relation to the 4-nonylphenol concentration. Certain parameters (use of gel nails, beef consumption, and vitamin supplementation) were at the border of statistical significance (p = 0.06). Other parameters did not show any statistical significance. The results showed that breast milk in Slovakia does not contain a harmful dose of 4-nonylphenol and does not cause health problems. But it is necessary to continue this research and perform extended screening on a larger number of samples.

Vitamin Supplementation and Urinary Tract Infection in Children: A Narrative Review

: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most prevalent infections among pediatric patients. Recently, there has been growing interest in the use of vitamins as supplementary therapies. However, the existing research in this field appears to be fragmented and lacking coherence. Thus, this study aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the current status of vitamin supplements' role in UTI treatment. We reviewed articles in PubMed and Google Scholar from 1950 to 2022. In conclusion, vitamins C, E, and A have shown promising results as adjuvant therapies in UTI.

Potent Antiviral Activity of Vitamin B12 against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, and Human Coronavirus 229E.

Repurposing vitamins as antiviral supporting agents is a rapid approach used to control emerging viral infections. Although there is considerable evidence supporting the use of vitamin supplementation in viral infections, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the specific role of each vitamin in defending against coronaviruses remains unclear. Antiviral activities of available vitamins on the infectivity and replication of human coronaviruses, namely, SARS-CoV-2, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E), were investigated using in silico and in vitro studies. We identified potential broad-spectrum inhibitor effects of Hydroxocobalamin and Methylcobalamin against the three tested CoVs. Cyanocobalamin could selectively affect SARS-CoV-2 but not MERS-CoV and HCoV-229E. Methylcobalamin showed significantly higher inhibition values on SARS-CoV-2 compared with Hydroxocobalamin and Cyanocobalamin, while Hydroxocobalamin showed the highest potent antiviral activity against MERS-CoV and Cyanocobalamin against HCoV-229E. Furthermore, in silico studies were performed for these promising vitamins to investigate their interaction with SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, and HCoV-229E viral-specific cell receptors (ACE2, DPP4, and hAPN protein, respectively) and viral proteins (S-RBD, 3CL pro, RdRp), suggesting that Hydroxocobalamin, Methylcobalamin, and Cyanocobalamin may have significant binding affinity to these proteins. These results show that Methylcobalamin may have potential benefits for coronavirus-infected patients.

Questionable advisability of vitamin and mineral dietary supplement use in adolescents

ObjectivePresent study aimed to assess potential health risk in Slovenian adolescents due to inadequate diet and/or dietary supplement (DS) use.MethodsData on DS use, micronutrient intake (24-h recall), eating habits (FFQ), body height and mass were collected within ACDSi (Analysis of Children’s Development in Slovenia) cross-sectional study conducted in 2014. Adolescents enrolled in first year of 15 secondary schools (average (SD) age: 15.4 (0.7) years, N = 342) were included in the sample.ResultsAdolescents’ use of DS (especially multivitamins ingested as a popular drink (60%), magnesium (16%), and vitamin C (10%)) significantly contributed to their absolute intake of vitamins/minerals, resulting in higher percentage of DS users meeting reference values proposed by the nutrition societies of Germany, Austria, and Switzerland (D-A-CH recommendation). Simultaneously, DS users did not exceed the upper tolerable level proposed by the European Food Safety Authority for daily intake. With diet alone, adolescents consumed less than recommended amounts of the following vitamins/minerals: the intake was lowest for fat-soluble vitamins A, D, and E; water-soluble vitamins folate, biotin, and pantothenic acid; and minerals fluoride, iodine, chromium, and molybdenum. Suboptimal intake was due to the fact that around ¾ of adolescents consumed less than 54% of the recommended amounts (according to Optimized Mixed Diet (OMD) recommendations) for fruits, vegetables, milk/dairy products, fish, and cereals/cereal products. In contrast, the diet contributed to the consumption of 200–300% of D-A-CH minimum value for sodium. Furthermore, almost ¾ of adolescents exceeded the recommended amount for meat/meat products (320% of OMD) and sweet/salty snacks (453% of OMD).ConclusionsAlthough DS use improved micronutrient intake in adolescents (especially vitamin C and magnesium), activities on public-health interventions should be focus to improve their diets, especially to achieve increased intakes of fruits, vegetables, cereals/cereal products and milk/dairy products, and to reduce consumption of sweet/salty snacks and meat products.

The Use of Vitamin Supplements and Herbal Medicines Among Members of Elderly Posyandu During the COVID-19 Pandemic in North Jakarta

Abstract Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the elderly have been identified as a particularly vulnerable group. The use of vitamin supplements and herbal medicines to enhance immunity has been a measure to prevent the development of COVID-19. Purpose: This study was performed to identify the use of supplemental vitamins and herbal medicines including analyzing the benefit of using them among the elderly who participated in the “Mawar” Elderly Posyandu (integrated health post) in North Jakarta, Indonesia, during the pandemic. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. The target population for the study were active participants of “Mawar” Elderly Posyandu aged at least 60 years old. Results: Although the majority of respondents only had an elementary and high school education as their highest educational attainment, they had good enough knowledge about COVID-19. During the pandemic, 81 and 79 out of 85 respondents consumed vitamin supplements and herbal medicines, respectively. Vita-min C and ginger were the most widely used vitamin supplement and herbal product. There were 55.56% and 35.44% of respondents who felt better after consuming supplements and herbal products for one week. Conclusion: This study recommends that government should support the revitalization of elderly Posyandu as it may improve the awareness of the community to maintain their health.

Association between use of vitamin and mineral supplement and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in hypertensive adults

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common hepatic metabolic disorder in hypertensive adults. Impaired metabolism of micronutrients may increase NAFLD risk by exacerbating oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and inflammation among hypertensive adults. In this first cross-sectional analysis of 7,376 hypertensive adults with 2,015 NAFLD cases in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, vitamin and mineral supplements (VMS) use was identified via questionnaire. NAFLD was defined by a hepatic steatosis index > 36. Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (MVOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using logistic regression models. In our study, 18.6% were current users of VMS; of these, 76.7% used multi-vitamin/mineral supplements. Current VMS users had significantly lower odds of NAFLD, compared with non-users (MVOR [95% CI]: 0.73 [0.58–0.92]). The inverse association became attenuated and non-significant among those consuming VMS at higher frequency (≥ 2 times/day), for longer duration (> 16 months), and taking ≥ 2 VMS products. The inverse association with current use of VMS was only evident in those aged < 56 years (MVOR [95% CI]: 0.54 [0.40–0.72]) and men (MVOR [95% CI]: 0.56 [0.40–0.80])(Pinteraction ≤ 0.04). Our results suggest that VMS use may lower NAFLD risk, particularly among younger or male hypertensive adults, if taken in moderation.

SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH CONSUMPTION AND EXPENDITURE ON VITAMIN SUPPLEMENTS AMONG YOUTH IN MALAYSIA

Consumption of vitamins can lower the risks of various noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Nevertheless, only a small proportionof adults in Malaysia consume vitamin supplements, and this may contribute to the increase in the prevalence of NCDs across the country. Despite the high prevalence of NCDs and low consumption of vitamin supplements, there is insufficient research that assess individuals’ use and expenditure on vitamin supplements. The objective of the present study is to examine the effects of sociodemographic factors on vitamin supplement spending among youth in Malaysia. The primary survey data were collected using convenient sampling (n = 482). In addition to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), a lognormal hurdle model was used to explore factors affecting consumption and amount decisions of vitamin supplements. Results of the present study showed that higher-income and less-educated individuals spent more on vitamin supplements compared to lower-income and welleducated individuals. Expenditure on vitamin supplements was higher among Chinese than Malays. Being male and married increased the likelihood of consuming vitamin supplements. In conclusion, sociodemographic factors play an important role in determining consumption and expenditure on vitamin supplements. With the present study’s findings, policymakers could better understand which cohorts of the Malaysian population to be focused on. Therefore, a more effective policy directed towards promoting the use of vitamin supplements can be formulated.

Comparison of Nutritional Status with Serum Vitamin D and B12 Levels in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the nutritional adequacy status of pregnant women with gestational diabetes and to examine the relationship between biochemical parameters such as vitamin D, vitamin B12, hemoglobin, hematocrit and fasting glucose. Methods: In the study, serum vitamin D and B12 levels of 130 pregnant women between 24-28 weeks of gestation were examined. As a result of 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test, 70 pregnant women were diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The control group consisted of 60 healthy pregnant women. Nutritional factors were obtained through a questionnaire (anthropometric measurements, micronutrients, 3-day food consumption frequency, use of vitamin supplements) and groups were compared in terms of biochemical parameters (vitamin D, vitamin B12). Results: Pregnant women with GDM; mean age (30.34 ± 5.28), family history of diabetes (17.1%), pre-pregnancy body mass index percentage (54.3%), rate of skipping meals were higher. The rate of use of vitamin and mineral supplements in pregnant women with GDM was low. According to the analysis of 3-day food consumption records of pregnant women with GDM, it was determined that the intake of micronutrients vitamin D and vitamin B12 was insufficient. Biochemical parameters such as vitamin D, vitamin B12, hemoglobin and hematocrit were found to be lower in pregnant women with GDM. Conclusion: GDM is the most common endocrinological disorder in pregnancy. The study showed that inadequate nutrient intake negatively affects blood glucose levels and biochemical findings. Individuals with GDM should be referred to a nutritionist, medical nutrition therapy (TBT) appropriate for their individual characteristics should be given and monitored.

Biochemical Profile of African American Women During Three Trimesters of Pregnancy and at Delivery

The data presented are the results from a prospective observational study which was conducted to investigate the effects of nutrition and other related factors on the outcome of pregnancy in nulliparous African American women 16-35 years old. Fasting blood samples were collected from the women during the first, second and third trimesters of pregnancy. At delivery, both maternal and cord samples were collected. Biochemical variables such as, serum folate, vitamin B12, ascorbic acid, vitamin E, ferritin, selected minerals as well as complete blood count (CBC) and red cell folate were analyzed in the blood samples. The concentrations of hematocrit, hemoglobin, white blood cells, red blood cells and vitamin B12 were below the reference non-pregnant ranges throughout gestation. Maternal concentrations of folate and vitamin E increased sequentially with increased gestational age. Serum ferritin, during the third trimester, declined to 58% of the first trimester concentration. Maternal levels of ferritin at delivery were one third of the values found in the infant (cord) sample. Cord levels of folate, ascorbic acid and vitamin B12 were higher than the concentrations in the maternal delivery samples. The data suggest that among this group of pregnant women, major physiological changes, such as plasma volume expansion which alters blood chemistry and maternal to fetal transfer of nutrients, were similar to the findings of other investigators. In this population however, the findings for serum and whole blood folate are contrary to those reported by other researchers, and the sequential increase in the maternal concentration of the vitamin during pregnancy could be attributed to the use of vitamin supplements.

Dietary supplement use among adult survivors of childhoodcancer: A report from the St. Jude Lifetime CohortStudy.

Adult survivors of childhood cancer have poor adherence to nutrition guidelines and inadequate intake of dietary vitamins D and E, potassium, fiber, magnesium, and calcium. The contribution of vitamin and mineral supplement use to total nutrient intake in this population is unclear. We examined the prevalence and dose of nutrient intake among 2570 adult survivors of childhood cancer participating in the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study, and the association of dietary supplement use with treatment exposures, symptom burden, and quality of life. Nearly 40% of the adult survivors of cancer survivors reported regular use of dietary supplements. Although cancer survivors who used dietary supplements were less likely to have inadequate intake of several nutrients, they were also more likely to have excessive intake (total nutrient intake≥tolerable upper intake levels) of folate (15.4% vs. 1.3%), vitamin A (12.2% vs. 0.2%), iron (27.8% vs. 1.2%), zinc (18.6% vs. 1%), and calcium (5.1% vs. 0.9%) compared with survivors who did not use dietary supplements (all p <0.05). Treatment exposures, symptom burden, and physical functioning were not associated with supplement use, whereas emotional well-being and vitality were positively associated with supplement use among childhood cancer survivors. Supplement use is associated with both inadequate and excessive intake of specific nutrients, but positively impacts aspects of quality of life among childhood cancer survivors.

ВЛИЯНИЕ МИНЕРАЛЬНО-ВИТАМИННОЙ ДОБАВКИ НА ИНФУЗОРНУЮ ФАУНУ РУБЦА И МОЛОЧНУЮ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ КОРОВ

The article presents the results of research on the use of mineral and vitamin supplements in the diets of dairy cows and its effect on the microfauna of the rumen and dairy productivity of animals. The object of research was highly productive cows during the period of milking. As a result of the conducted studies, it was found that the use of a feed additive contributed to the optimization of digestive processes by increasing the density of rumen infusoria in 1 ml of rumen fluid in lactating cows of the experimental groups compared with peers from the control group by 22.6–23.1 %, which is reliable (p ≥ 0,95). The feed additive had a positive effect on increasing the biodiversity of infusoria in the rumen of ruminants, creating more favorable conditions for the formation and growth of microfauna, and, consequently, for improving the digestibility of nutrients consumed feed, as evidenced by data on the dairy productivity of animals. During the period of the experiment, the average daily milk yield according to the results of control milkings of cows receiving «Minvit 6.1-Mama» in the amount of 150 g was 31.0 ± 0.6 kg, which is 8.0 % (p ≥ 0.99) more than animals from the control group. Cows of the experimental group 2 had an average daily milk yield of 31.8 ± 0.71 kg, which is 10.8 % (p ≥ 0.99) higher than the same indicator compared to peers from the control group. Thus, the use of mineral and vitamin supplement «Minvit 6.1-Mama» in the feeding of dairy cows contributes to the optimization of scar digestion while increasing the milk productivity of animals. The maximum biological and zootechnical effect is manifested by the introduction of a feed additive in the amount of 200 g per head per day