Vitamin Deficiency Diseases Research Articles

The Interplay between Liver and Adipose Tissue in the Onset of Liver Diseases: Exploring the Role of Vitamin Deficiency.

The deficiency of vitamins, a condition known as "hidden hunger", causes comprehensive pathological states. Research over the years has identified a relationship between liver diseases and hypovitaminosis or defects in vitamin metabolism. The exact mechanisms remain elusive; however, the crucial involvement of specific vitamins in metabolic functions, alongside the reclassification of liver disease as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), has prompted researchers to investigate the potential cause-effect dynamics between vitamin deficiency and liver disease. Moreover, scientists are increasingly investigating how the deficiency of vitamins might disrupt specific organ crosstalk, potentially contributing to liver disease. Although the concept of a dysmetabolic circuit linking adipose tissue and the liver, leading to liver disease, has been discussed, the possible involvement of vitamin deficiency in this axis is a relatively recent area of study, with numerous critical aspects yet to be fully understood. In this review, we examine research from 2019 to July 2024 focusing on the possible link between liver-adipose tissue crosstalk and vitamin deficiency involved in the onset and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Studies report that vitamin deficiency can affect the liver-adipose tissue axis, mainly affecting the regulation of systemic energy balance and inflammation.

Electrochemical detection of sulfite in food samples

In various pharmaceutical and food industries, sulfite is utilized for the inhibition of nonenzymatic and enzymatic browning. Also, in brewing industries, it acts as an antioxidizing and antibacterial agent. Several toxic and adverse reactions, including vitamin deficiency, hypersensitivity, and allergic diseases, have been attributed to sulfite ingestion that may cause dysbiotic oral and gut microbiota events. Thus, the content of sulfite in foods must be controlled and monitored, and it is essential to find a specific, reproducible, and sensitive method to detect sulfite. Some analytical solutions are being tested to quantify sulfite. However, due to their advantage over traditional techniques, electroanalytical techniques are attracting much attention because they are simple, fast, affordable, and sensitive to implement. In addition, by the electrode modification, the morphology and size can be controlled, resulting in the miniaturization to be used in portable electrochemical devices. Therefore, the present review addressed some articles on the electrooxidation of sulfite from real samples using various electrochemical sensors.

The Opportunities Offered by Nutrition Science and Gastronomy in Vegetarian and Vegan Diets

Good nutrition plays a significant role for maintaining good health. Different diets and eating habits are prevalent globally. Prominent representatives of these forms of nutrition are the vegetarian and vegan diets. Therefore, we explore the possibilities offered by these diets in our manuscript. Furthermore, we present foods with the practical application of the science of gastronomy. These foods are delicious and also effectively meet the need of human body for energy, protein, other macronutrients (carbohydrate and fat), omega-3 fatty acids, fibre, antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals and so on. It can also reduce the susceptibility of people with special dietary needs to diseases (for example: malnutrition, gastrointestinal diseases, anaemia, haemorrhage, vitamin deficiency diseases, chronic weakness, depression, muscle weakness and degeneration, postoperative conditions, cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome). We hope to contribute to the maximum intake of macro- and micro-nutrients into the human body without consuming meat or other animal products. In the case of an exclusive plant based diet, the development of complex main meals is also of outstanding importance. Thus, all the essential amino acids can enter the body

The use of functional food products for the prevention of vitamin deficiency in people with increased physical and neuropsychic stress on the example of firefighters-rescuers

Deficiency of vitamins and a number of minerals inevitably leads to disturbances in metabolic processes and physiological functions and, as a consequence, to poor health, a decrease in the body’s defenses, and the development of vitamin deficiency diseases. Prevention of vitamin deficiency consists in ensuring full correspondence between human needs for vitamins and their intake with food. The entire set of vitamins necessary for a person can enter the body only if all food groups are used in the diet. Mechanization and automation of the labor process made work easier and reduced energy costs, however the work of firefighters-rescuers has become much more difficult, tense and dangerous. Rescue work is dangerous and requires trusting cooperation - a wrong decision or behavior can endanger the health and life of the rescuer himself, his team, and others. Based on the results of the work, a conclusion was made about the undoubted physiological and energy value of an instant granular drink based on concentrated curd whey and fruit and berry raw materials, as well as the need for its introduction into the diet of firefighters-rescuers, to ensure the normal course of life processes in the body, and mainly for prevention of vitamin deficiency.

The association between vitamin deficiency and otolaryngologic diseases: A therapeutic target

Vitamins are indispensable nutrients for metabolism. Adequate vitamin intake plays vital role in physiological processes including embryonic development, cellular and immunity proliferation and differentiation, DNA synthesis and oxidative response. In contrast, insufficient vitamin levels usually lead to a large number of clinical manifestations including xerophthalmia, nyctalopia, hyperpigmentation, vitiligo, jaundice, megaloblastic anemia, glossitis, scurvy, stroke, cancer, coronary heart disease, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease. In recent years, more and more researches have focused on the relationship between vitamin family and otorhinolaryngologic diseases. This review will summarize the current knowledge of vitamin family and vitamin-mediated regulating role in those related otorhinolaryngologic diseases.

Acute cerebellar ataxia: differential diagnosis and clinical approach.

Cerebellar ataxia is a common finding in neurological practice and has a wide variety of causes, ranging from the chronic and slowly-progressive cerebellar degenerations to the acute cerebellar lesions due to infarction, edema and hemorrhage, configuring a true neurological emergency. Acute cerebellar ataxia is a syndrome that occurs in less than 72 hours, in previously healthy subjects. Acute ataxia usually results in hospitalization and extensive laboratory investigation. Clinicians are often faced with decisions on the extent and timing of the initial screening tests, particularly to detect treatable causes. The main group of diseases that may cause acute ataxias discussed in this article are: stroke, infectious, toxic, immune-mediated, paraneoplastic, vitamin deficiency, structural lesions and metabolic diseases. This review focuses on the etiologic and diagnostic considerations for acute ataxia.

Next‐generation nutritional screening

The biochemical identification of essential vitamins and minerals during the early 20th century led to major public health advances through treatment and prevention of deficiency diseases. Today, we face an epidemic of overnutrition. Chronic metabolic conditions such as obesity and diabetes are responsible for millions of deaths each year and constitute an enormous global health burden. Despite the major influence of diet on this epidemic, nutrition knowledge has not been applied as successfully as for vitamin and mineral deficiency diseases. In addition to vitamins and minerals, the foods we eat contain thousands of biologically active nutritional compounds that are managed at the cellular level by molecular networks which sense the cellular nutritional state and respond to maintain homeostasis. A key hub in these networks, and the focus of this project, is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), a cellular organelle that is a broad sensor of nutritional and metabolic status. Impaired ER function is implicated in the development of obesity and diabetes, and improvement of ER function is a common therapeutic target that can potentially improve health in many tissues and disease states. Among its many functions, the ER is a major site for metabolism of lipids, a class of nutritional compounds that includes fatty acids and bile acids. Enzymes located on the ER membrane metabolize lipids from the diet, and also synthesize lipids de novo. While lipid synthesis at the ER has been widely studied, little is known about how the ER handles the many lipids from the diet, and how the response of the ER to dietary lipids impacts health. Without new tools to detect how cells sense and respond to nutritional compounds, we are unable to make continued progress in nutrition to reduce chronic metabolic conditions.The aim of this project is to create a novel cellular screening system to detect the effects of nutritional compounds. This project will focus on lipids, as they are rich in diversity and biology, and our lab is well‐equipped to study them. I will begin by curating a small collection of the predominant lipids in the human diet. These lipids are included in an existing collection of 688 lipids that our lab has established in collaboration with the Broad Institute for screening. In order to detect the cellular effects of lipids, I will focus on indicators of ER function. We have developed luminescent cellular reporters for real‐time monitoring of ER function in live cells. I will introduce these reporters into adipocytes, cells that manage systemic nutrient levels through storage and release of lipids. These reporter cells will be integrated into a microfluidic chip the size of a microscope slide. It will contain chambers, where we will seed cells expressing the ER reporters, and channels to flow culture medium and nutritional compounds to the cells. This system will enable high‐throughput screening of dietary lipids, continuous sampling of the culture medium for evaluation of the dynamic response of the ER, and co‐culture of related cell types, such as adipocytes and macrophages, to model cellular interactions.Support or Funding InformationWe acknowledge the generous support of the Sabri Ülker Food Research Foundation, Sabri Ülker Center, and Harvard Training Program in Nutritional Metabolism T32 training grant (4T32HD052961‐10).

The Beneficial Effects of Oral Cotrimoxazole upon Likely Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Advanced Fibrotic Lung Disease

Introduction: In cases of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, we have observed an elevation in mean red cell volume, serum gamma glutamyl transferase and peripheral monocyte counts, initially in a pilot study but also in new incident cases. These changes could not be explained by drug therapy, vitamin deficiency or other diseases. Method: We compared the peripheral blood abnormalities in 149 patients with lung fibrosis to 448 age and sex matched controls. We also examined the effect of cotrimoxazole treatment for 12 weeks on these abnormalities. From the pilot study of cotrimoxazole in lung fibrosis patients, the relationship of the peripheral blood monocyte count and serum cytokine transforming growth factor beta-1 was examined. Epstein Barr viral status was examined in a selection of patients in case it explained our observations. Results: The findings confirm the elevation in mean red cell volume, gamma glutamyl transferase and peripheral monocyte counts in patients compared with matched controls. Oral cotrimoxazole ameliorated these 3 blood abnormalities. Serological evidence of Epstein Barr viral infection was present in tested patients but active viral replication was absent. The monocyte count had a linear relationship with the serum transforming growth factor beta-1 levels, which increased by 600 pg/ml for every of 0.1 × 109/l increase in the monocyte count. Conclusion: These observations may reflect oxidative stress which was reduced by cotrimoxazole. A related sulphonamide “dapsone” is known to reduce oxidative stress through direct effects on neutrophil and monocyte function; similar effects may explain these findings and require a formal study.

Anemia Status in Relation to Body Mass Index Among Women of Childbearing Age in Bangladesh.

Undernutrition and micronutrient deficiency disorders together constitute a major public health concern in Bangladesh. Among many vitamin and mineral deficiency diseases, iron-deficiency anemia remains the most persistent and has been shown to contribute to high maternal and child morbidity and mortality in the country. In parallel with micronutrient malnutrition, the country is also experiencing a rising epidemic of overweight and obesity due to changing pattern in dietary behavior and body mass index status. Previous empirical studies have demonstrated a strong correlation between body weight and anemia status. However, results remain inconclusive and for Bangladesh such evidence is nonexistent. To this end, we conducted this study using Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2011 data with an aim to explore the association between body mass index and anemia status among adult women in Bangladesh. According to the findings, age between 15 and 29 years ( P < .001, OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.12-1.49), experiencing first birth before reaching the age of 18 years ( P < .001, OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.15-1.50), lack of access to potable water ( P = .013, OR = 1.467, 95%CI = 1.085- 1.982), being underweight ( P < .001, 95% CI = 1.208-1.570) and normal weight ( P < .001, 95% CI = 1.819-2.516) were significantly associated with anemia status.

Conjugated bilirubin triggers anemia by inducing erythrocyte death.

Hepatic failure is commonly associated with anemia, which may result from gastrointestinal bleeding, vitamin deficiency, or liver-damaging diseases, such as infection and alcohol intoxication. At least in theory, anemia during hepatic failure may result from accelerated clearance of circulating erythrocytes. Here we show that bile duct ligation (BDL) in mice leads to severe anemia despite increased reticulocyte numbers. Bilirubin stimulated suicidal death of human erythrocytes. Mechanistically, bilirubin triggered rapid Ca2+ influx, sphingomyelinase activation, formation of ceramide, and subsequent translocation of phosphatidylserine to the erythrocyte surface. Consistent with our in vitro and in vivo findings, incubation of erythrocytes in serum from patients with liver disease induced suicidal death of erythrocytes in relation to their plasma bilirubin concentration. Consistently, patients with hyperbilirubinemia had significantly lower erythrocyte and significantly higher reticulocyte counts compared to patients with low bilirubin levels. Conclusion: Bilirubin triggers suicidal erythrocyte death, thus contributing to anemia during liver disease. (Hepatology 2015;61:275–284)

Functional abdominal pain causing Scurvy, Pellagra, and Hypovitaminosis A

Severe vitamin deficiency disease is rarely seen in developed countries. We present an atypical case of a young man with scurvy, pellagra, and hypovitaminosis A, caused by longstanding functional abdominal pain that severely limited his ability to eat.

Clinical Practice Guidelines for Healthy Eating for the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic and Endocrine Diseases in Adults: Cosponsored by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists/The American College of Endocrinology and the Obesity Society Executive Summary

J. Michael Gonzalez-Campoy, MD, PhD, FACE1; Sachiko T. St. Jeor, PhD, RD2; Kristin Castorino, DO3; Ayesha Ebrahim, MD, FACE4; Dan Hurley, MD, FACE5; Lois Jovanovic, MD, MACE6; Jeffrey I. Mechanick, MD, FACP, FACN, FACE, ECNU7; Steven M. Petak, MD, JD, MACE, FCLM8; Yi-Hao Yu, MD, PhD, FACE9; Kristina A. Harris10; Penny Kris-Etherton, PhD, RD11; Robert Kushner, MD12; Maureen Molini-Blandford, MPH, RD13; Quang T. Nguyen, DO14; Raymond Plodkowski, MD15; David B. Sarwer, PhD16; Karmella T. Thomas, RD17

Count on the Dietician, and Common Sense

Count on the Dietician, and Common Sense

Against the Tide of Change: Diet and Health in the Pacific Islands

Rates of chronic disease in Pacific island countries are among the highest in the world and they are the leading causes of morbidity and death. Recent reports indicate that many Pacific populations are also experiencing high levels of vitamin and mineral deficiency diseases. Prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia in 16 Pacific countries now ranges from 7% to 57% (highest among women and children). Iodine deficiency disorders and vitamin A deficiency are also severe problems in some of the Pacific countries. The situation varies across countries, but is illustrated by the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM). Vitamin A deficiency affects 55% to 76% of children in Chuuk State, 51% in Pohnpei, 63% in Kosrae, and 34% in Yap; and anemia is common (38% women, 33% children). Malnutrition occurs among the preschool children (10% stunted, 13% underweight), whereas obesity (33% of women), hypertension (17%), and diabetes (12%) continue to increase in adults. Left unabated, this crushing burden of disease will not only lead to premature death and disability for thousands of people, but it threatens to overwhelm already-stretched health resources and services. This commentary briefly summarizes nutritional issues common among the Pacific island populations that have been aggravated by advancing cultural changes and that have had an adverse impact on health.

Vitamin deficiency disease in fish

Vitamin deficiency disease in fish

Biological aspects of vitamin deficiency disease in fish

Biological aspects of vitamin deficiency disease in fish

Against the Tide of Change: Diet and Health in the Pacific Islands

Rates of chronic disease in Pacific island countries are among the highest in the world and they are the leading causes of morbidity and death ( 1 World Health OrganizationHealth in Asia and the Pacific. World Health Organization Regional Offices for South-East Asia and the Western Pacific, Manila, Philippines2008 Google Scholar ). Recent reports indicate that many Pacific populations are also experiencing high levels of vitamin and mineral deficiency diseases. Prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia in 16 Pacific countries now ranges from 7% to 57% (highest among women and children) ( 2 Hughes R.G. The feasibility of micronutrient (iron) fortification in Pacific island countries. World Health Organization Office for the Western Pacific Region, Manila, Philippines2006 Google Scholar ). Iodine deficiency disorders and vitamin A deficiency are also severe problems in some of the Pacific countries ( 3 Knowles J. Review of the nutrition situation in fourteen Pacific island countries: constraints and opportunities. UNICEF East Asia and Pacific Office, Bangkok2005 Google Scholar ). The situation varies across countries, but is illustrated by the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM). Vitamin A deficiency affects 55% to 76% of children in Chuuk State, 51% in Pohnpei, 63% in Kosrae, and 34% in Yap; and anemia is common (38% women, 33% children). Malnutrition occurs among the preschool children (10% stunted, 13% underweight), whereas obesity (33% of women), hypertension (17%), and diabetes (12%) continue to increase in adults ( 4 Englberger L. Marks G.C. Fitzgerald M.H. Insights on food and nutrition in the Federated States of Micronesia: a review of the literature. Public Health Nutr. 2002; 6: 5-17 Google Scholar , 5 Englberger L. Marks G.C. Fitzgerald M.H. Timothy J. Vitamin A intake and factors influencing it amongst children and caretakers in Kosrae, Micronesia. Ecol Food Nutr. 2005; 44: 307-338 Google Scholar ). R. G. Hughes is a research associate, School of Population Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia. G. C. Marks is head of Nutrition Unit, School of Population Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia.

The diagnostic importance of photosensitivity dermatoses in chronic alcoholism: Report of two cases

Many of the vitamin deficiency diseases have been almost completely eliminated in developed countries. Niacin deficiency is considered one of them. However, cases of pellagra are recently reported in West Europe, USA, Australia, and Japan in connection with chronic alcoholism, gastrointestinal malabsorption, and some medications. We report two cases of pellagra, manifesting as photosensitivity dermatoses with mental deterioration in chronic alcoholic abusers in the Mediterranean basin, the island of Crete in Greece. The report highlights the fact that all physicians should be alerted to photosensitivity dermatoses in alcoholics; early treatment with multiple vitamin therapy, including nicotinic acid should be initiated in these patients.

Monsters &amp; the Tyranny of Normality: How Do Biologists Interpret Anomalous Forms?

Research Article| February 01 2008 Monsters & the Tyranny of Normality: How Do Biologists Interpret Anomalous Forms? Douglas Allchin Douglas Allchin Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar The American Biology Teacher (2008) 70 (2): 117–119. https://doi.org/10.2307/30163215 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Douglas Allchin; Monsters & the Tyranny of Normality: How Do Biologists Interpret Anomalous Forms?. The American Biology Teacher 1 February 2008; 70 (2): 117–119. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/30163215 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe American Biology Teacher Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright National Association of Biology Teachers Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Childhood asthma is a fat‐soluble vitamin deficiency disease

Childhood asthma is a fat‐soluble vitamin deficiency disease