Visual Version Research Articles

Development of a handheld GPU-assisted DSC-TransNet model for the real-time classification of plant leaf disease using deep learning approach

In agriculture, promptly and accurately identifying leaf diseases is crucial for sustainable crop production. To address this requirement, this research introduces a hybrid deep learning model that combines the visual geometric group version 19 (VGG19) architecture features with the transformer encoder blocks. This fusion enables the accurate and précised real-time classification of leaf diseases affecting grape, bell pepper, and tomato plants. Incorporating transformer encoder blocks offers enhanced capability in capturing intricate spatial dependencies within leaf images, promising agricultural sustainability and food security. By providing farmers and farming stakeholders with a reliable tool for rapid disease detection, our model facilitates timely intervention and management practices, ultimately leading to improved crop yields and mitigated economic losses. Through extensive comparative analyses on various datasets and filed tests, the proposed depth wise separable convolutional-TransNet (DSC-TransNet) architecture has demonstrated higher performance in terms of accuracy (99.97%), precision (99.94%), recall (99.94), sensitivity (99.94%), F1-score (99.94%), AUC (0.98) for Grpae leaves across different datasets including bell pepper and tomato. Furthermore, including DSC layers enhances the computational efficiency of the model while maintaining expressive power, making it well-suited for real-time agricultural applications. The developed DSC-TransNet model is deployed in NVIDIA Jetson Nano single board computer. This research contributes to advancing the field of automated plant disease classification, addressing critical challenges in modern agriculture and promoting more efficient and sustainable farming practices.

Analisis Perkembangan Kinerja Keuangan UMKM Dilihat Dari Optimalisasi Pengelolaan Bantuan Dana Desa dan Literasi Keuangan Pelaku UMKM (Studi Kasus UMKM Didesa Kubutambahan)

This study aims to determine the development of MSME financial performance as seen from the optimization of village fund management and financial literacy of MSME actors in Kubu Additional Village. The population is all MSME actors who have received assistance in the form of funds from the village and the number of samples in this study is 41 MSME actors. The data analysis technique used in this study is the Structural Equation Modeling-SEM based on SEM variance, which is famously called Partial Least Square (PLS) visual version 3.0. The results of this study suggest that financial management does not have a significant effect on financial performance in MSMEs. Financial literacy does not moderate the influence of financial management on financial performance in this study.

Development of a Balanced Liberal Arts Subject, ‘Book and Video Curation for the Growth of College Students’

The purpose of this study is to develop ‘Book and Video Curation for the Growth of College Students’ as a subject within the field of balanced liberal arts area. Students of today's generation live in a busy environment where it is not easy for them to find and read recognized classics or to see visual versions of these works on their own. They are aware of the need, but it is all too easy for such classics to be deprioritized, and it is also difficult for students to judge and gauge what a good book is as opposed to one that is a “must-read.” In this context, this study is related to developing a book-and video-based liberal arts curriculum that can help college students develop their thinking skills and their academic capabilities from a holistic perspective. To this end, from 2023 to 2024, screen-selling works, books in curation and liberal arts subjects, and video-related journals were surveyed online from various angles, focusing on Google and Riss. The collected data were summarized and reflected in related prior research, research methods, and research results. Through this study, we hope that college students will be able to have a meaningful time reading their chosen books, reconfirming the work’s message through video, and developing the wherewithal to reflect upon and put into practice what they have learned.

Development of a computational system to design a helical spring

AbstractSprings are the most basic mechanical elements used in transmission mechanisms. The rapid development of the computer and cellular industry has encouraged spring manufacturers to develop the industry to produce very small springs. Most computer-aided design programs for mechanical parts provide the possibility of designing these parts, as these programs include different types of decisions. All these decisions require coordinates for geometric data as well as metadata. The paper aims to develop software programs to design and analyze springs as one of the most significant mechanical elements used. This paper aims to develop a design software of a helical spring system, where this software is built using a computer program in the language of Visual Basic Version 5. When the user enters data into the system, the system will perform a series of complex calculations in the system, then provide a detailed report on all the engineering dimensions of the spring, and test its efficiency. The output of the software shows the required spring wire parameters. The software was tested with test data from the open literature, and the required wire spring parameters were obtained.

Trace metal speciation trends in Mazowe dam, Zimbabwe, a typical sub-tropical dam ecosystem impacted by gold mining and agriculture.

The present study aimed to assess trace metal speciation trends in the water and sediments of Mazowe Dam, a typical sub-tropical dam ecosystem impacted by gold mining and agriculture in Zimbabwe. The elements studied include Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn. Elemental speciation in the water column was determined using Visual MINTEQ version 3.1 geochemical computer modelling, while speciation in the sediment phase was determined using sequential extraction techniques. For each element, the data obtained were subjected to extensive correlation analysis to identify intra- and inter-metal species interactions in the water column and the sediment phase, as well as across the water-sediment interface. Possible mechanisms to account for the observed species interactions are proposed. In the water column, Co was predicted to have the highest number of chemical species (9), Cd and Zn (8), Mn and Fe (7), Ni (6), Pb (5), Al and Cu (3), Cr, Hg, and As have the least (2). In the sediment, Al, As, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni and Fe mainly exist in the residual fraction, while Zn and Mn concentrations in fractions vary per sampling site, with no fraction that is dominant across the sampling sites. Equilibrium exchange reactions across the water-sediment interface were observed e.g., for Cd species /FA2Cd (aq) and Co species /FACo+2G (aq), and /FA2Co (aq). This study is valuable in highlighting trace metal speciation in a tropical dam ecosystem in Africa and adds to the growing knowledge about the behaviour of trace metals in aquatic ecosystems in the region and globally.

Moving boundaries: visual sociology meets border studies

This essay aims to raise awareness among visual scholars of the multidisciplinary study of borders as a very promising and varied topic of inquiry, particularly when considering the various ways in which borders and border matters are interpreted and experienced. To this end, several fundamental ideas and problems of this expanding field are addressed, and the potential for a more visual version of border studies in many of their manifestations is elucidated. Border-related visual materials created in a research and teaching context serve to support and illustrate some of the discussed aspects and viewpoints.

Naar een visueel vonnis?

Towards a visual verdict? The effect of visual features on the comprehensibility of a court ruling We investigated whether a written court ruling printed on paper, as published on www.rechtspraak.nl and written and rewritten in understandable language, is better understood by non-litigant readers with no legal education if visual features (such as typography, images and color blocks) are added to that ruling.First an existing court ruling (V1) was rewritten in understandable language. Then two visual versions of this rewritten ruling were developed. In one version (V2a) the structure of the text was made visual using typography. In the other version (V2b) images, icons and color (blocks) were added to V2a. These versions were tested for understandability and compared with the original version (V1) by means of a questionnaire survey amongst 219 readers with varying levels of education who answered questions regarding the text comprehension of one of the three versions.Analysis of the results shows that the visual version V2a is the most understandable for the non-highly educated group: it was this version that received significantly more correct answers than the original (V1). Regarding the highly educated group, there were no significant differences in the number of correct answers among the three versions: each version was understood (equally) well.

Neural digital twins: reconstructing complex medical environments for spatial planning in virtual reality

PurposeSpecialized robotic and surgical tools are increasing the complexity of operating rooms (ORs), requiring elaborate preparation especially when techniques or devices are to be used for the first time. Spatial planning can improve efficiency and identify procedural obstacles ahead of time, but real ORs offer little availability to optimize space utilization. Methods for creating reconstructions of physical setups, i.e., digital twins, are needed to enable immersive spatial planning of such complex environments in virtual reality.MethodsWe present a neural rendering-based method to create immersive digital twins of complex medical environments and devices from casual video capture that enables spatial planning of surgical scenarios. To evaluate our approach we recreate two operating rooms and ten objects through neural reconstruction, then conduct a user study with 21 graduate students carrying out planning tasks in the resulting virtual environment. We analyze task load, presence, perceived utility, plus exploration and interaction behavior compared to low visual complexity versions of the same environments.ResultsResults show significantly increased perceived utility and presence using the neural reconstruction-based environments, combined with higher perceived workload and exploratory behavior. There’s no significant difference in interactivity.ConclusionWe explore the feasibility of using modern reconstruction techniques to create digital twins of complex medical environments and objects. Without requiring expert knowledge or specialized hardware, users can create, explore and interact with objects in virtual environments. Results indicate benefits like high perceived utility while being technically approachable, which may indicate promise of this approach for spatial planning and beyond.

Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality of Tourism Research: A Review and Research Agenda

ABSTRACT This study aims to present a critical literature review on virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) in tourism and hospitality research and propose future research areas. A systematic review with bibliometric analysis using the software VOSviewer on 204 articles from 1995 to 2022 of a Scopus database. Four emerging research areas are discovered: (1) VR tourism marketing; (2) AR applications in heritage (3) VR consumption behavior after the pandemic and (4) tourist experience. Researcher collaborations occur mostly in the same institution and country. Future research directions are theoretical development, qualitative study method, cross-cultural studies and hospitality. This project extends the previous reviews by proposing a future research framework. Future research directions include role of presence between media richness & interactivity and consumer responses; VR and AR values from Chinese and United Sates customers; and how VR commercials generate a higher level of vividness and interactivity among customers. This study provides an updated version of the bibliometric visualization of VR/AR in tourism research. It shows how to capture distinct clusters on existing research areas using keywords co-occurrence, collaboration patterns using co-authorship analysis, and bibliographic coupling. New frameworks on the topic are proposed.

Magic for the mind's eye: A promising avenue for more universal design in the art of magic.

In the art of conjuring, as well as in cognitive science, possibilities for designing magic tricks that are suitable for people who are blind or visually impaired have only rarely been considered. In this article, we argue that many magic tricks which are normally presented in a visual way, are not inherently based on visual processes, but instead on systematic illusions and limitations in visual imagery and mental simulations. Accordingly, it should be possible to adapt these tricks for presentation in a non-visual format, which should be suitable for people who are blind or visually impaired. As an initial test of this general approach, we adapted three magic tricks for non-visual presentation and presented them for blindfolded participants. Standard versions of the tricks were also presented to seeing participants. The participants in both groups were asked to indicate how magical they felt the tricks were, as well as whether they had any idea about the secrets behind them. The results suggest that the non-visual versions of the tricks are roughly comparable to the regular visual versions. We conclude that adapting magic tricks based on illusions of imagery for non-visual presentation appears to be a promising avenue for more universal design in the art of magic. We also argue that the illusions of imagery responsible for the experiences of magic evoked presents interesting challenges for basic cognitive science.

PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSAKSIONAL DAN GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI MELALUI DISIPLIN KERJA PADA KANTOR BADAN PERTANAHAN NASIONAL KABUPATEN BULELENG

This study aims to determine the Effect of Transactional Leadership Style and Transformational Leadership Style on Employee Performance Through Work Discipline at the Buleleng National Land Agency Office. The data analysis technique used in this research is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on variance SEM, which is well known as Partial Least Square (PLS) visual version 3.0.The results of this study indicate that the effect of transactional leadership style on employee performance is positive and significant where the coefficient value is 0.381 and the t value is 3.577. The effect of transformational leadership style on employee performance is positive and significant where the coefficient value is 0.267 and the t value is 2.027. The effect of transactional leadership style on work discipline is positive and significant where the coefficient value is 0.333 and the t value is 3.423. The effect of transformational leadership style on work discipline is positive and significant where the coefficient value is 0.576 and the t value is 5.890. The influence of work discipline on employee performance is positive and significant where the coefficient value is 0.330 and the t value is 2.838. The effect of transactional leadership style on employee performance through work discipline is positive and significant where the coefficient value is 0.110 and the t value is 2.140. The influence of transformational leadership style on employee performance through work discipline is positive and significant where the coefficient value is 0.190 and the t value is 2.510

Primary osteoarthritis of the lumbar spine presenting as chronic low back pain or sciatica or both (prolapsed lumber disc syndrome): establishing its cause, pathogenesis, and treatment: A randomized case-control study

: The objectives of this study were to compare three scores, Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) for low back pain, and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Vertical Version at the beginning and end point in two, Trial (G1), and Control (G2) groups of Primary Osteoarthritis of lumbar spine patients.The inner nucleus pulposus may rupture out from the annulus as the disc continues to degrade or as the spine continues to be stressed. This is a herniated or burst disc. The nerve roots that are immediately behind the disc space may then be pressed by the disc material fragments. This may result in discomfort, frailty, numbness, or alterations in feeling.: Understanding the causes, pathophysiology, and treatments for prolapsed lumber disc syndrome, which presents as primary osteoarthritis of the lumbar spine and causes chronic low back pain, sciatica, or both.: In this study, the total number of patients were 150, in G1 - 100, and G2 - 50. G1 received the hypothesized treatment, Contracture Correction Therapy (CCT), while G2 did “No Therapy”. WOMAC determination was done by the questionnaire; ODI by modified Oswestry Low Back pain disability questionnaire and VAS by Visual Analogue Scale Vertical Version, all at 0, 6, 12, and 24 weeks. The CCT consisted of 1. Immobilization of the spine. 2. Passive and active extension of the spine. 3. Three therapeutic rituals and 4. Advice to avoid stooping.: The CCT receiving was associated with much recovery (P <0.00) while non-receiving with much less (P =0.00). In G1 WOMAC decreased from 54.29 to 0.00; ODI from 51.82 to 1.80; VAS rose from 37.56 to 100 (rise indicates betterment) P= 0.00. In G2 WOMAC lowered from 56.40 to 4.08; ODI from 65.10 to 6.0; VAS rose from 34.40 to 81.00. Relief in symptoms was similar.: The cause, pathogenesis, and treatment are deficient full extension, I.V. joint capsule contracture formation, and extension of the lumbar spine respectively.

IMPROVING WORK PERFORMANCE WITH THE INFLUENCE OF ROTATION THROUGH WORK ENTHUSIASM AND MOTIVATION IN THE HOUSING, RESIDENTIAL AND DEFENSE AREA SERVICES OF BULELENG REGENCY

This study aims to determine the increase in work performance with the influence of rotation through work enthusiasm and motivation in the housing, settlement and defense areas of Buleleng Regency. The population and sample in this study were 92 employees at the Housing, Settlement and Defense Areas Office of Buleleng Regency. The data analysis technique used in this research is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on variance SEM, which is well known as Partial Least Square (PLS) visual version 3.0. The results of this study indicate that rotation has a direct influence on morale at the Housing, Settlement and Defense Areas Services in Buleleng Regency. Rotation has a direct influence on motivation in the Housing, Residential Areas and Defense Services of Buleleng Regency. Rotation has a direct influence on work performance at the Housing, Settlement and Defense Areas Office of Buleleng Regency. Morale has a direct influence on work performance at the Housing, Settlement and Defense Areas Office of Buleleng Regency. Motivation has a direct influence on work performance at the Housing, Settlement and Defense Areas Office of Buleleng Regency. Rotation has a direct influence on work performance with work enthusiasm as an intervening variable at the Housing, Residential and Defense Areas Office of Buleleng Regency. Rotation has a direct influence on work performance with motivation as an intervening variable at the Housing, Residential and Defense Areas Office of Buleleng Regency.

PENGARUH BEBAN KERJA, STRES KERJA, DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP TURNOVER INTENTION PADA PT ENAM TIGA SEJAHTERA

The purpose of this study are to know the effect of workload, work stress and work environmenton turnover intention at PT Enam Tiga Sejahtera. The data analysis technique used in this study isStructural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on variance SEM, which is well known as the Partial LeastSquare (PLS) visual version 3.0. The result of this study indicate that the relationship between workload andturnover intention shows a path coefficient value of 0.233 with a t-statistic value 0f 2.348 which is greaterthan t table (1.960). The relationship between work stress and turnover intention shows a path coefficientvalue of 0.450 with a t-statistic value of 4.128 which is greater than t table (1.960). The relationshipbetween work environment variables and turnover intention shows a path coefficient value of -0.291 with at-statistic value of 2.915 which is greater than t table (1.960).

Elemental composition and speciation trends in Upper Mazowe River, a typical sub-tropical river ecosystem impacted by gold mining and agriculture in Zimbabwe

Elemental composition and speciation trends in Upper Mazowe River, a typical sub-tropical river ecosystem impacted by gold mining and agriculture in Zimbabwe

Pengaruh Kepuasan, Kepercayaan dan Switching Barrier Terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan pada GraPari Mitra Singaraja (PT. Telkomsel)

This study aims to determine the effect of satisfaction, trust, and switching barriers on customer loyalty at GraPari Mitra Singaraja (PT. Telkomsel). The data analysis technique used in this research is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on variance SEM, known as Partial Least Square (PLS) visual version 3.0. The study results show that the effect of satisfaction on customer loyalty is positive and significant, which indicates that the first hypothesis is that the higher customer satisfaction, the higher customer loyalty at GraPari Mitra Singaraja (PT Telkomsel). The effect of trust on customer loyalty with a positive and significant value indicates that the second hypothesis, which says the higher the trust, the higher the customer loyalty at GraPari Mitra Singaraja (PT Telkomsel). The effect of switching barriers on customer loyalty is positive and significant, which indicates that the third hypothesis states that the higher the switching barrier, the higher customer loyalty at GraPari Mitra Singaraja (PT Telkomsel).

The Offender Recognizes the Victim – About the Advantages of Using the Visual Version of Polygraph Test in Serious Criminal Case

Abstract The authors of this article consider the advantages of using a visual version of CIT during polygraph examinations. The presentation of the rarely used CIT encourages to discussion about the possibility of implementation such tests in serious criminal cases. Their application takes a form similar to the police lineup. However, the main difference is that the suspect reviews photographs of possible crime victim. In the described case we are dealing with a so-called “reverse police lineup”. As the result, the visual CIT proved that the examinee knew the victim of the crime, despite the fact that he had previously denied this. Thanks to the examinee’s arousal recorded on the key question, it was also possible to obtain the desired psychological effect in the form of the perpetrator’s confession and the indication of other evidence proving his guilt.

Cervical Spine Instability Screening Tool Thai Version: Assessment of Convergent Validity and Rater Reliability.

Neck pain, dizziness, difficulty supporting the head for an extended period, and impaired movement are all symptoms of cervical spine instability, which may produce cervical spondylolisthesis in patients who have more severe symptoms. To avoid problems and consequences, early detection of cervical spine instability is required. A previous study created a Thai-language version of a cervical spine instability screening tool, named the CSI-TH, and evaluated its content validity. However, other characteristics of the CSI-TH still needed to be evaluated. The objective of the current study was to assess the rater reliability and convergent validity of the CSI-TH. A total of 160 participants with nonspecific chronic neck pain were included in the study. The Neck Disability Index Thai version (NDI-TH), the Visual Analog Scale Thai version (VAS-TH), and the Modified STarT Back Screening Tool Thai version (mSBST-TH) were used to evaluate the convergent validity of the CSI-TH. To determine inter- and intra-rater reliabilities, novice and experienced physical therapists were involved. The results showed that rater reliabilities were excellent: the intra-rater reliability was 0.992 (95% CI = 0.989 ± 0.994), and the inter-rater reliability was 0.987 (95% CI = 0.983 ± 0.991). The convergent validities of the VAS-TH, NDI-TH, and mSBST-TH when compared with the CSI-TH were 0.5446, 0.5545, and 0.5136, respectively (p < 0.01). The CSI-TH was developed for use by physical therapists and is reliable. It can be used by physical therapists, whether they are experienced or novices, and has an acceptable correlation to other neck-related questionnaires. The CSI-TH is concise, suitable for clinical use, and lower-priced when compared to the gold standard in diagnosis for patients with cervical spine instability.

Validation of the German Montreal-Cognitive-Assessment-H for hearing-impaired.

Hearing loss and dementia are highly prevalent in older age and often co-occur. Most neurocognitive screening tests are auditory-based, and performance can be affected by hearing loss. To address the need for a cognitive screening test suitable for people with hearing loss, a visual version of the Montreal-Cognitive-Assessment was developed and recently validated in English (MoCA-H), with good sensitivity and specificity for identifying cases of dementia. As the MoCA is known to perform differently across languages, revalidation of the German MoCA-H was necessary. The aim of the present study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of the German MoCA-H among those with normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia and to determine an appropriate performance cut- off. A total of 346 participants aged 60-97 years (M = 77.18, SD = 9.56) were included; 160 were cognitively healthy, 79 with MCI and 107 were living with dementia based on the GPCOG and a detailed medical questionnaire as well as a comprehensive examination by a neurologist in case of cognitive impairment. Performance cut-offs for normal cognition, MCI and dementia were estimated for the MoCA-H score and z-scores using the English MoCA-H cut-off, the balanced cut-off and the Youden's Index. A mean score of 25.49 (SD = 3.01) points in the German MoCA-H was achieved in cognitively healthy participants, 20.08 (SD = 2.29) in the MCI and 15.80 (SD = 3.85) in the dementia group. The optimum cut-off for the detection of dementia was ≤21 points with a sensitivity of 96.3% and a specificity of 90%. In the MCI group, a cut-off range between 22 and 24 points is proposed to increase diagnostic accuracy to a sensitivity and specificity of 97.5 and 90%, respectively. The German MoCA-H seems to be a sensitive screening test for MCI and dementia and should replace commonly used auditory-based cognitive screening tests in older adults. The choice of a cut-off range might help to better reflect the difficulty in clinical reality in detecting MCI. However, screening test batteries cannot replace a comprehensive cognitive evaluation.

The causal role of vision in the development of spatial coordinates: Evidence from visually impaired children.

Many findings suggest that visual deprivation in early life negatively affects the development of spatial competence and that sighted and visually impaired individuals use different strategies to encode spatial positions. This study aims to assess the role of vision in developing spatial coordinates by running three studies in a sample of children and adolescents with and without visual impairments (n = 42, 16 female, 8-18 years old, 100% European), using visual and auditory versions of Simon task with uncrossed and crossed hands posture. The first study assessed that visual and auditory external coordinates mature in parallel in sighted children. The second showed that if vision is available but degraded, it is sufficient to calibrate spatial performance in the auditory system, even if the visual performance remains impaired. The third experiment showed that the total lack of visual experience results in an impaired spatial performance also in the other spared modalities. Our results suggest that vision impairments have different consequences on developing spatial competence. They also highlighted the necessity of early assessment and interventions in visually impaired children that take into account different residual abilities. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).