Visible Signs Research Articles

Physiological responses of Pocillopora corals to upwelling events in the Eastern Tropical Pacific

Upwelling events can change the sea water conditions within few hours during several months on a seasonal regimen. These events are predicted to intensify due to climate change, exposing shallow benthic organisms to hypoxia and thermal stress, among other extreme conditions. Some coral reefs in the Eastern Tropical Pacific (ETP) recurrently experience upwelling events. Coral reefs off Gorgona Island, Colombia, are exposed to lower oxygen concentrations (3.0 - 3.7 mg O2 L-1) and lower temperatures (17 - 24°C) from mid-January to mid-April, when upwelling develops, compared to the rest of the year (4.9 ± 0.7 mg O2 L-1, 28.4 ± 0.3°C, mean ± SD). While no visible signs of stress have been reported for corals during upwelling, it can be hypothesized that corals would be negatively affected by these changes. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to (1) identify the effects of temperature and hypoxia on the metabolic rate (MO2) of Pocillopora corals under lab conditions, and (2) to examine the changes in skeletal growth and Symbiodiniaceae density of Pocillopora in the field between upwelling and non-upwelling seasons. Findings revealed that MO2 was significantly reduced by 20% at 24°C and significantly increased by 10% at 32°C compared to 28°C. During the upwelling season, Pocillopora corals exhibited a 52% increase in Symbiodiniaceae density, but the growth rate decreased by 50% compared to the non-upwelling season. Fast changes in water conditions during the upwelling strongly affects the metabolism of Pocillopora corals. Although conditions during upwelling were not lethal, they compromised the energy of the coral for their vital functions, indicating that upwelling pushes them toward their physiological limit. Consequently, predicted increases in upwelling events in combination with ocean warming and deoxygenation may be particularly critical for upwelling-exposed corals and the reefs they build in the Eastern Tropical Pacific.

Platelet- Rich Plasma Treatment Supported by Ultrasound Detection of Septa in Recurrent Canine Aural Hematoma: A Case Series.

Aural hematoma is a common pathological condition in veterinary practice with a high incidence rate in dogs. Drainage, corticosteroid injections, and surgical approaches represent the common treatments in these clinical cases. However, surgery leaves visible signs and is usually correlated with recurrence, scars, and deformation of the treated pinna. For this reason, more effective and less invasive methods have been proposed over the years. Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) is one of the most promising options due to its pro-regenerative properties and capability to modulate the inflammatory state. The present work reports 12 cases of canine aural hematoma treated with PRP. The PRP treatment was combined with an ultrasound evaluation of the pinna to detect and treat all involved septa. The results show that relatively large volumes (2 mL) of PRP associated with an ultrasound guide are safe and efficacious in the treatment of canine aural hematoma requiring a maximum of two infiltrations, both in acute and chronic conditions. All the patients recovered their normal ear thickness (compared with the controlateral one) without relapses, averaging 38.5 days from their first treatment (10-90 days; SD: 24.7). The key role of PRP combined with a tailored diagnosis process carried out by the veterinarian, which included using an ultrasound system and the proper bandage, suggests that this approach may represent a valid alternative to surgery and corticosteroids.

Characterization of Some Dermato-Cosmetic Preparations with Marine Lipids from Black Sea Wild Stingray.

The traditional knowledge about the therapeutic and nutritional value of fish has been unanimously recognized among the population since ancient times. So, thanks to the therapeutic virtues of these marine animals, it was possible to develop therapies for certain pathologies as well as the use of bioactive compounds as adjunctive therapies incorporated into the treatment regimen of patients. In the present study, stingray liver oil from wild species collected from the Romanian coast of the Black Sea was isolated and analyzed. Fatty acid analysis was performed by gas chromatography. The analysis of the distribution of fatty acids in the composition of stingray liver oil indicates a ratio of 2.83 of omega 3 fatty acids to omega 6, a ratio of 1.33 of polyunsaturated fatty acids to monounsaturated fatty acids, an iodine index of 111.85, and a total percentage of 68.98% of unsaturated fatty acids. Stingray liver oil was used to evaluate the healing action after preparing a fatty ointment. According to the experimental data, a complete regeneration capacity of the wounds was noted in 12 days without visible signs. Four emulgels with stingray liver oil were formulated and analyzed from a rheological and structural point of view in order to select the optimal composition, after which the anti-inflammatory effect on inflammation caused in laboratory rats was studied and an anti-inflammatory effect was found significant (a maximum inhibitory effect of 66.47% on the edemas induced by the 10% kaolin suspension and 65.64% on the edemas induced by the 6% dextran solution).

A Semiotics Analysis Found on Music Video of You Belong with Me by Taylor Swift

This research entitles “A Semiotics Analysis Found on Music Vidio of You Belong with Me”.The aim of this research was to investigate and analyze the verbal and visual signs and the meaning itself in the music video of “You Belong with Me” by Taylor Swift. The type of this research was qualitative research. In collecting data, the writer used the method of observation and documentation by classifying videos into pictures in the form of sequences.The results of this study indicate that the semiotic signs contained in this music video are in the form of visual displays contained in body language in the music video which tells about a male friend that Swift likes who actually has a lover, and verbal signs contained in the music video is a paper that contains writing that is used to communicate. Based on the result of the analysis,it can be concluded as there are two classifications,namely: verbal sign and visual sign. In verbal sign, it was found eight data. In visual sign, it was found seven data. The concept of music video of You Belong With Me describe someone who is in love with someone where that person has been with a lover who doesn't appreciate it at all. In the data found, verbal and visual sign explained about caring, disappointment, jealousy, and express feelings.

Presenting Symptoms and Imaging Features of Posterior Cerebral Artery Stroke Causing Homonymous Hemianopia.

Posterior cerebral artery (PCA) stroke is a common cause of homonymous hemianopia and other neurologic deficits associated with more proximal ischemia in the vertebrobasilar circuit. Localization of the process can be challenging unless the symptom complex is well recognized, yet early diagnosis is critical to forestall dangerous driving and repeated stroke. We undertook this study to provide additional detail about the presenting symptoms and signs and their correlation with imaging abnormalities and stroke etiology. Retrospective study of medical records of patients presenting to a single tertiary care academic center between 2009 and 2020 with homonymous hemianopia from PCA stroke. We excerpted data on symptoms, visual and neurologic signs, incident medical procedures and diagnoses, and imaging features. We determined stroke etiology using the Causative Classification Stroke system. In a cohort of 85 patients, 90% of strokes occurred without preceding symptoms. But in retrospect, 10% of strokes did have warning symptoms. In 20% of patients, strokes followed within 72 hours of a medical or surgical procedure or newly identified medical condition. In the subgroups of patients whose records contained a description of visual symptoms, 87% reported the visual sensation as negative, and 66% realized that it was located in a hemifield in both eyes. Concurrent nonvisual symptoms were present in 43% of patients, consisting commonly of numbness, tingling, and new headache. Infarction located outside the visual cortex affected primarily the temporal lobe, thalamus, and cerebellum, reflecting the widespread nature of ischemia. Nonvisual clinical manifestations and arterial cutoffs on imaging were associated with thalamic infarction, but the clinical features and location of the infarction did not correlate with the etiology of the stroke. In this cohort, clinical localization of the stroke was aided by the fact that many patients could lateralize their visual symptoms and had nonvisual symptoms suggestive of ischemia affecting the proximal vertebrobasilar circuit. Numbness and tingling were strongly linked to concurrent thalamic infarction. Clinical features and infarct location were not associated with the etiology of the stroke.

Insights into FcγR involvement in pain-like behavior induced by an RA-derived anti-modified protein autoantibody

Joint pain is one of the most debilitating symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and patients frequently rate improvements in pain management as their priority. RA is hallmarked by the presence of anti-modified protein autoantibodies (AMPA) against post-translationally modified citrullinated, carbamylated and acetylated proteins. It has been suggested that autoantibody-mediated processes represent distinct mechanisms contributing to pain in RA. In this study, we investigated the pronociceptive properties of monoclonal AMPA 1325:01B09 (B09 mAb) derived from the plasma cell of an RA patient. We found that B09 mAb induces pain-like behavior in mice that is not associated with any visual, histological or transcriptional signs of inflammation in the joints, and not alleviated by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Instead, we found that B09 mAb is retained in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and alters the expression of several satellite glia cell (SGC), neuron and macrophage-related factors in DRGs. Using mice that lack activating FcγRs, we uncovered that FcγRs are critical for the development of B09-induced pain-like behavior, and partially drive the transcriptional changes in the DRGs. Finally, we observed that B09 mAb binds SGC in vitro and in combination with external stimuli like ATP enhances transcriptional changes and protein release of pronociceptive factors from SGCs. We propose that certain RA antibodies bind epitopes in the DRG, here on SGCs, form immune complexes and activate resident macrophages via FcγR cross-linking. Our work supports the growing notion that autoantibodies can alter nociceptor signaling via mechanisms that are at large independent of local inflammatory processes in the joint.

Chinese sapindaceous tree species (Sapindus mukorosii) exhibits lead tolerance and long-term phytoremediation potential for moderately contaminated soils

Heavy metal pollution in metropolitan soils poses significant risks to human health and the entire ecosystem. Effective mitigation strategies and technologies are crucial for addressing these environmental issues. Fast-growing trees are an essential part of phytoremediation projects all over the world and provide long-term ecological benefits to mankind. This study assessed the lead tolerance and phytoremediation potential of a fast-growing soapberry tree species (Sapindus mukorossi) in moderately contaminated soil. Two independent experiments were conducted to assess its tolerance at (i) germination level and (ii) prolonged growth stage. In the germination experiments, seeds were exposed to lead (II) nitrate Pb (NO₃)₂ at various concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 μM) for 120 days. Results showed significant differences in germination time, germination index, seedling vigor index, energy of germination, final germination, germination inhibition, seedling height and root/shoot weight compared to the control experiments. In the prolonged growth experiments, seedlings were grown for six months in soils amended/spiked with different Pb concentrations (T0 = 0, T1 = 20, T2 = 50, T3 = 100, T4 = 150 and T5 = 200 mg kg−1 soil) and their biomass was determined. The highest biomass achieved in six months (T0: 12.62 g plant−1), followed by (T1: 12.33 g plant−1), (T2: 12.42 g plant−1), (T3: 11.86 g plant−1), (T4: 10.86 g plant−1) and (T5: 10.06 g plant−1) respectively. S. mukorossi showed no visible signs of Pb toxicity over a six-month period. During six months of exposure, the total Pb content in S. mucrossi tissues were classified as roots > leaves > stems. The highest cumulative absorption of Pb occurred between the fourth and fifth months of exposure. Maximum transfer factor (TF) was detected during the fourth month ranging from 0.888 to 1.012 for the different Pb concentrations. Furthermore, the growth behavior, lead accumulation, bioconcentration factors (BCF) and tolerance index (TI) indicated that S. mucrossi may tolerate moderate Pb concentrations for longer periods. These findings suggest that S. mukorossi may be deployed for long-term phytoremediation coupled with urban forest applications in the future.

Validation of a sub-epidermal moisture scanner for early detection of pressure ulcers in an ex vivo porcine model of localized oedema

Pressure ulcers (PUs) remain a chronic health problem with severe impacts on healthcare systems. Early detection is crucial to providing effective interventions. However, detecting PUs currently relies on subjective tissue evaluations, such as visual skin assessment, precluding interventions prior to the development of visible tissue damage. There is an unmet need for solutions that can detect early tissue damage before visual and tactile signs occur. Assessments based on sub-epidermal moisture (SEM) measurements represent an opportunity for robust and objective early detection of PUs, preventing broken skin PUs in more high-risk patients at high-risk anatomical locations. While SEM assessment technology has been validated in computational, bench and tissue phantom models, validation in soft tissue was absent. In this study, we successfully validated the ability of a commercially available SEM assessment device to measure and detect sub-epidermal moisture changes in a novel ex vivo porcine soft tissue model of localised oedema. When controlled and incremental fluid volumes (Phosphate Buffer Solution) were injected into porcine soft tissues, statistically significant differences were found in SEM values between fluid-injected sites, representing an inflammatory oedematous condition, and healthy tissue control sites, as measured by the SEM device. The device provided reproducible readings by detecting localised oedema changes in soft tissues, reflecting the build-up of fluid as small as 1 ml into the underlying tissue. Spatial characterization experiments described the ability of the device technology to differentiate between healthy and oedematous tissue. Our findings validate the use of SEM assessment technology to measure and quantify localized oedema.

SUBKULTUR ANAK MUDA DALAM IKLAN KOPI DI INDONESIA: KAJIAN SEMIOTIKA ROLAND BARTHES

The current trend and existence of coffee continues to develop into a part of the lifestyle of youth. Therefore, coffee products on the market are increasingly varied with various advertising strategies. Various advertising themes related to youth activities and identities are used to reach their target market. This study is a semiotic analysis that aims to describe the symbols and cultural styles of youth in coffee advertisements in Indonesia by using the concept of youth subculture. The focus of this research is the meaning of youth's visual signs represented through coffee advertisements in Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative method. The data collection technique was carried out by observing instant coffee advertisement impressions in Indonesia in the last five years, including the Torabika for the Gilus Mix variants (2021) and Cappuccino (2019), Top Coffee for the Gula Aren variant (2020), Neo Coffee version of Lucas (2019) and Tiramisu (2021), and Good Day (2018). Roland Barthes' semiotic analysis is used in this study to show the sign meanings in the coffee advertisement through the stages of denotative, connotative, and mythical meanings. The results of the study show that these coffee advertisements generate units of denotation, connotation, and myth which then represent the lifestyle of the youth subculture. It exists in various aspects and refers to urban youth culture with urban cultural influences as reflected in clothing/fashion styles, distinctive music, and entertainment activities.

VISUAL SEMIOTICS IN THE STUDY OF ART PHENOMENA: SYMBOL AND SYMPTOM

The study aims to use the approach of visual semiotics to analyse the ritual graphic signs of the Rezekne Jewish cemetery as a segment of the city in terms of "signifier" and "signified", or “expression” and “content”. The Star of David, as the dominant sign of the ritual graphics, is gradually losing the status of a sacred symbol and in a series of tombstones confirms the structure of a symptom. The paper is devoted not only to clarifying the cultural and social causes of such changes but also to the study of the mechanism of mutual transitions between symbols and symptoms, the differences in the coding of these types of signs, which has not been done in visual semiotics so far.Theoreticians have hitherto not paid due attention to the study of signs of graves as a segment of the urban environment. Moreover, the theory of visual semiotics also lacks a description of the specificity of signs in ritual graphics. Ritual graphics is an important indicator of the regularity of cultural processes in an ethnically diverse environment. When surveying the Jewish cemeteries of the Latgale region, the difference in the choice of visual graphics in the city and the countryside is obvious. In rural cemeteries that are still in use, the content and structure of verbal messages, as well as decorative graphics are traditional, therefore predictable. In city cemeteries, there is a change in graphics, deviations from tradition, its modification and obvious violations of tradition. Along with the verbal report about the deceased, the ritual graphic, on the one hand, complements it as an integral part, on the other hand, lives an independent life, because the first, and the only sign that the observer notices is the visual or non-verbal sign. In terms of information, the visual sign is noticeably more capacious, as it is older than the verbal and requires much less time for perception. The focus of the study is the divergence between the meanings of the sacred hexagram and the secular yellow star or “badge”, the causal relationships of their use and perception from the point of view of visual semiotics and cultural philosophy - phenomena of symbolization and desymbolization.

Facial Image-Based Automatic Assessment of Equine Pain

Recognition of pain in animals is essential for their welfare. However, since there is no verbal communication, this assessment depends solely on the ability of the observer to locate visible or audible signs of pain. The use of grimace scales is proven to be efficient in detecting the pain visually, but the assessment quality depends on the level of training of the assessor and the validity is not easily ensured. There is a clear need for automating the pain assessment process. This work provides a system for pain prediction in horses, based on grimace scales. The pipeline automatically determines the quantitative pose of the equine head and finds facial landmarks before classification, proposing a novel scale-normalisation approach for equine heads. The pain estimation is achieved for each facial region of interest separately, following the clinical pain estimation procedure. We introduce a database of horse images, annotated by professional veterinarians for training and assessment. We also propose a data augmentation method to alleviate the data scarcity issues, which relies on generating realistic 3D equine face models based on 2D annotated images. We show that the data augmentation method improves the performance of both quantitative pose estimation and landmark detection. Our results establish a strong baseline for automatic equine pain estimation.

Impact of expansion joints on noise pollution, case study in Cluj-Napoca

Abstract The aim of this paper is to study the impact that certain types of expansion joints have on noise levels produced by regular traffic on the streets of Cluj-Napoca. The study was carried out on three distinct locations, all three road bridges had steel expansion joints, the first one had asphalt covering the joints, the second one was in excellent condition, as it was a newly refurbished bridge and the last one with visible signs of degradations. After a full spectrum noise analysis, the results showed that good maintenance and quality control on the installation of expansion joints are necessary, not only to lower noise levels but to also provide a solid and sealed transition to the bridge deck.

REPRESENTAMEN OF MORALITIES ON LANGUAGE AND VISUAL SIGNS IN INCREDIBLES 2 FILM

Film stands out as a compelling contemporary mass medium that has witnessed substantial growth. This progress has given rise to numerous film genres, intended to captivate audiences across generations, including the realm of animated cinema. Often, films convey messages depicting the dichotomy between good and bad characters in everyday life, typically portraying the vulnerable and kind-hearted individuals facing oppression from self-centered antagonists. However, in fictional works like "Incredibles 2," superheroes emerge as guardians, shielding society from menacing forces. This research aimed to provide a comprehensive elucidation of the interpretive process through the utilization of the triadic model. Furthermore, it endeavors to discern the facets of morality manifested through both linguistic and visual symbols within the semiotic framework of the movie "Incredibles 2." This was about semiotics which refers to Charles Sanders Peirce’s theory. This study used qualitative method as research design. Data in the study were signs appeared in the film. The findings section showed six kinds of sign that the writer founded in the Incredibles 2 film which are sinsign, qualisign, legisign, icon, indexes, and symbol that exists moralities signs. The findings on sign can divided into two parts, Language and Visual sign. Language sign can be utteranced by the speaker on the film from Mr. Incredible and a little boy. Visual sign could be shown by icon and symbol on the things in every capture. Keywords: semiotic, Pierce, moralities, Incridibles 2

In Vivo Toxicity Study on The Effects of Aqueous Propolis Extract From Malaysian Stingless Bee (Geniotrigona thoracica) in Mice

Geniotrigona thoracica is a stingless bee species of Trigona genus. Propolis resinous is a natural product obtained from a honeybees hive with geographical and floral specifications or exudate as such by-products resulting from a variety of botanical processes. Despite its long use for a variety of health conditions, the toxicity profile of propolis sourced from Malaysian stingless bees has not been sufficiently evaluated. For in vivo toxicity assessment, the acute oral toxicity on the effects of aqueous propolis extracts (APE) was examined. Male mice swiss strain, were subjected to acute toxicity testing for 14 days. The APE at doses of 400, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg body weight was supplemented daily to the mice through oral gavage. The clinical signs of toxicity and general behaviour, body weight, relative organ weight, and histopathology changes were investigated. In vivo study was focused on the acute toxicity testing group consisting of 4 groups including Normal (NS), 400 mg/kg (APE 400), 1000 mg/kg (APE 1000) dan 2000 mg/kg (APE 2000). Regarding the toxicity profile, it is proposed that APE supplementation did not induce any mortality and no visible signs of toxicity. No significant changes in the body and relative organ weight were recorded. All the internal organs of the mice were macroscopically healthy with no gross lesion. Likewise, histopathological examinations of the kidney showed mild to moderate histological lesions. Interestingly, the lesion was adverse with an increased dosage of the extract supplementation. This study proposed APE has considerable anti-inflammatory activities. It also demonstrated that the propolis extract is relatively safe to be consumed orally at a dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight.

Reverse skin aging signs by red light photobiomodulation.

Photobiomodulation is a process by which the absorption of red light energy produces a series of physiological effects at the cellular level such as the enhancement of mitochondrial Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) production, cell signaling and growth factor synthesis, and the reduction of oxidative stress. Light emitting diodes (LEDs) photobiomodulation is an increasingly popular therapy for treating skin problems, especially for reversing the signs of skin aging. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the effectiveness of a photobiomodulation treatment using red LEDs on the facial skin at a rate of two sessions per week for 3 months. The LED mask used is the Skin Light Dior x Lucibel mask diffusing a cold red light with a wavelength of 630±10nm and a power of 15.6 J/cm2 for a duration of 12 min. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the mask in reversing the signs of skin aging, a clinical study was conducted on 20 healthy Caucasian women: the antiwrinkle effect by measuring the depth of the crow's feet wrinkle, the relaxation of the oval of the face by clinical scoring, the firmness and elasticity of the skin by cutometric measurement, the density of the dermis by ultrasound analysis, the smoothness of the skin by measuring the roughness at the cheek, the homogeneity of the complexion by chromametric measurement, the diameter of the pores by macrophotographs and finally the sebo-regulating effect by measurement of the rate of sebum and quantification of the number of pores containing porphyrin in the subjects presenting a mixed to oily skin. The satisfaction of the volunteers was also evaluated at the end of the study via a self-questionnaire. The efficacy results measured after 1, 2, and 3 months of use are progressive and confirm the interest of LED photobiomodulation to reverse the visible signs of skin aging. All the volunteers observed an overall improvement in skin quality. All the results observed confirm the interest of using photobiomodulation to reverse the visible signs of aging. These results last for up to 1 month after stopping the use of the mask, which is a sign of lasting structural and functional rejuvenation of the skin.

Biochemical and Computational Assessment of Acute Phase Proteins in Dairy Cows Affected with Subclinical Mastitis.

Subclinical mastitis (SCM) is a predominant form of mastitis wherein major visible signs of disease are absent. The present study aimed to determine acute phase proteins (APPs) like ferritin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and microalbumin (Malb) in 135 composite milk and serum samples of healthy (n = 25) and SCM (n = 110) cows. As bovine mastitis is an inflammatory disease, the present study also aimed at finding novel anti-inflammatory compounds from natural sources by repurposing approach using computational studies. The findings of the present study revealed substantial elevation (p < 0.001) in milk SCC and an increase in ferritin, CRP, and Malb (p < 0.001) in milk and sera of the SCM group as compared to healthy animals. Receiver operating characteristics of milk SCC, milk, and serum APPs unraveled statistically substantial alteration (p < 0.001). Further, SCC was correlated with milk APPs ferritin (r = 0.26 **, p < 0.002), CRP (r = 0.19 *, p < 0.02), and Malb (r = 0.21 *, p < 0.01). Additionally, milk SCC was correlated with serum ferritin (r = 0.28 **, p < 0.001), CRP (r = 0.16, p > 0.05), and Malb (r = 0.16, p > 0.05). The findings of molecular docking revealed that Chaetoglobosin U was the most effective molecule that showed the highest binding affinity (kcal/mol) of -10.1 and -8.5 against ferritin and albumin. The present study concluded that the estimation of cow-side tests, SCC, and APPs in milk/serum is suitable to detect SCM and screening herd community. Furthermore, Chaetoglobosin U could be developed as a promising anti-inflammatory inhibitor; however, further studies are required to validate these findings.

Rehabilitation and clinical evolution aspects in a case of Osteoid Osteoma

Introduction. Osteoid osteoma represents about 3% of all primary bone tumors and 11% of all benign bone tumors. Data from the literature suggest that a neuromuscular rehabilita-tion program after osteoid osteoma surgery is very beneficial and improves the general quality of life. Material and methods. A 30-year-old male patient with intermittent right shoulder pain radiating to the right hand, and recurrent myalgias in the past year presented to our neuro-logical department. The neurological examination highlighted limitation of the abduction of the right upper limb. The paraclinical investigations included plain radiography of the right upper limb and electroneurography, which were normal, and native cervical MRI which revealed discrete C5 disc overflow, without visible signs of compression. The patient presented limited initial response to NSAIDs, so his treatment was changed to corticoster-oid therapy. Further, the patient was guided to undergo a rheumatological examination where a musculoskeletal ultrasound was performed, showing no any specific modifica-tion. Additionally, we indicated a native right shoulder MRI, which revealed a signal mod-ification of the proximal humeral diaphysis. We further indicated an MRI scan with con-trast of the upper right limb, which revealed a nidus at the top one-third of the humerus. Additionally, a CT scan with contrast of the same region displayed images that were high-ly suggestive of osteoma. The patient was referred to the orthopedics department, where a complete resection of the tumor was performed, and the pathology report confirmed the fi-nal diagnosis of osteoid osteoma. Conclusions. Recovery after osteoid osteoma surgery is more beneficial if the neuromuscu-lar rehabilitation program, that has an important role in increasing muscle strength, is combined with orthopedic devices and pain medication.

A SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF VISUAL SIGNS AND MEANINGS ON PRINCE ALI SOUNDTRACK MUSIC VIDEO FROM ALADDIN MOVIE 2019

This study describes the visual signs and their meanings in the Prince Ali music video by Will Smith. This research aims to find out what visual signs and their meanings in Prince Ali's music videos. In this case, visual signs and their meaning are very important for music video viewers, because in every appearance of actors, actresses, and settings have a certain meaning. In this study focused only on visual signs and their meanings. There are 5 visual signs in this study, including appearance, manner, activity, props and setting. This study used a qualitative descriptive method in analyzing the data. Dyer's theory is used in this study to analyze visual signs and their meanings. The results of this study found 25 visual signs in Prince Ali music video. Furthermore, all the result indicated that the visual sign and its meaning in the music video are in accordance with the theory proposed by Dyer's. All results from this study include all types of visual signs.

Physiological Arousal, Attentiveness, Emotion, and Word Retrieval in Aphasia: Effects and Relationships.

This study aimed to (a) compare physiological arousal and attentiveness during a confrontational naming task between participants with aphasia and a control group across four conditions that varied according to emotionality of presented stimuli and (b) explore relationships among physiological arousal, attentiveness, perceived arousal, and naming performance. We hypothesized that participants with aphasia would show lower levels of arousal and attentiveness than control participants and that emotional conditions would lead to increased physiological arousal and attentiveness. Eight participants with aphasia and 15 control participants completed a confrontational naming task under positive, negative, and neutral conditions and rated their perceived arousal after each. Electrophysiological recordings were taken during the entire experiment to obtain measures of heart rate (HR), HR variability, and skin conductance (SC). Videos of confrontational naming trials were rated based on visual signs of participant attentiveness during each trial. Statistically significant group differences were found for HR, SC, and attentiveness ratings, but no differences were found in these measures among conditions. Correlational analyses revealed statistically significant relationships between attentiveness and response time, HR, and naming accuracy. Significant correlations were also found for HR and naming accuracy as well as perceived arousal and naming accuracy. Findings suggest that decreased physiological arousal or attentiveness may contribute to naming deficits for people with aphasia (PWA). Assisting PWA to fully attend to and engage in therapy tasks may be important for accurate assessment of language functions and for achieving optimal benefit in treatment.

Perspectives on food safety across traditional market supply chains in Nigeria

Food supply chains play a key role in ensuring food safety, as actions anywhere along the chain can impact the safety of food when it arrives at markets and in homes. However, pre-retail food supply chains are often understudied and receive limited policy attention; most work on food safety focuses on the retail or consumer level. This study helps fill these gaps by examining perceptions and actions related to food safety among the supply-chain actors who provide food to traditional markets in Birnin Kebbi, a mid-sized secondary city in northern Nigeria. Data were collected through extended in-depth interviews with producers, processors, transporters, storage providers, and wholesalers of six food commodities (including legumes, grains, vegetables, and animal-source foods). With some diversity depending on the commodity, the study found supply chain actors share similar motivations and challenges. All supply chains were dominated by men, and children were found to play a non-negligible role in supporting supply chain activities (e.g., loading vehicles). Interviewees generally had a limited conception of food safety hazards and little worry about the food they sold/handled being unsafe and were confident that they could detect food safety/quality issues through simple (mostly visual) signs. Interviewees generally reported that their clients had little concern about food safety or interest in discussing it. Worries related to price fluctuations and limited perception of their responsibility emerged as barriers to supply chain actors’ adopting food safety practices. These barriers seemed highest for transport providers, who stood out as being less well organized into associations; less vested in and knowledgeable about particular commodities; and feeling particularly little responsibility for food quality/safety. The importance of repeat relationships of trust to maintain their livelihoods, strong social norms, and rapid uptake of an emerging safe-storage technology were all identified as factors potentially facilitating improved food safety. The results are discussed in the context of the literature to consider potential approaches and inroads for improving food safety along the supply chain in Nigeria, with potential lessons for LMICs more broadly.