VISSIM Software Research Articles

A new analysis and prediction model of road traffic based on open community

This paper aims to optimize the road network structure of open residential areas in China. Firstly, the nonlinear coefficient R0 = t3/T is used to study the road condition, using Matlab programming to calculate road network saturation LOS, establish a reasonable evaluation index system of community opening. Then the theoretical model of road resistance function is established, the influence coefficient η of each factor is determined, the traffic influence degree model is established, and the vehicle passing model is obtained. Finally, three different types of community A, B and C are constructed, and then traffic simulation is carried out according to Vissim software. The conclusion is that the degree of road traffic pressure relief is the largest in one type of community, and the least degree in type B community.

Signal timing optimization design of cross intersection-- A Case study of The intersection of Minzhu South Road and Fengshou Road in Jiaozuo City

The capacity of intersection affects the maximum capacity of road to a certain extent. The traffic capacity of the intersection can be improved to some extent by optimizing and adjusting the parameters of the signal timing model. Taking the cross-type intersection at the intersection of Minzhu South Road and Fengshou Road in Jiaozuo City as the research background, this study optimizes the signal timing design for the current intersection, optimizes the signal timing design by using Webster algorithm, and conducts simulation by using traffic simulation software VISSIM. The results showed that the average delay at the intersection was reduced by nearly seven seconds.

Design of On-line Simulation System for Signal Control of Urban Intersections Based on Visual Sensing Technology

Intersection area is the area with the most serious conflicts and accidents in the whole urban traffic system. Therefore, it is of great significance to combine modern computer technology, sensing technology and communication technology to intelligently control intersections, improve the efficiency of traffic signal control and reduce the delay time in conflict areas. Starting with video detection and using deep learning in the detection module, a video detection mechanism based on restricted Boltzmann machine network is proposed. Based on C # programming language, the intersection traffic signal simulation module is designed through COM interface provided by traffic simulation software VISSIM, which realizes road network import, parameter setting, signal timing change, simulation operation and simulation result output. Numerical experiments show that fuzzy control method with self-correcting factor is superior to timing control method and classical fuzzy control method in average delay time of vehicles.

Privileging Electric Vehicles as an Element of Promoting Sustainable Urban Mobility—Effects on the Local Transport System in a Large Metropolis in Poland

The main purpose of this article was to determine the impact on the equilibrium of the local transport system from privileging EVs by permitting them to use bus lanes. The study used two sets of data: information on infrastructure and traffic management; and information on the recorded road network loads and traffic volumes generated by a given shopping centre—the E. Leclerc shopping centre (an important traffic generator within the city of Łódź, Poland). These sets were then used to develop a microsimulation traffic model for the shopping centre and the associated effects on the localised transport system. The model was constructed by means of the PTV Vissim software tool. An initial simulation was conducted that formed a basis for subsequent scenarios (in total, 17 simulations were performed). On the basis of the conducted analyses, it was established that—for the researched part of the transport system—privileging the still rather uncommon battery electric vehicles (BEVs) engendered a marginal deterioration of traffic conditions. At the same time, allowing BEVs to use bus lanes within the chosen research area had no negative impact on bus journey times.

Studying the Simultaneous Effect of Autonomous Vehicles and Distracted Driving on Safety at Unsignalized Intersections

Human error is one of the leading causes of accidents. Distraction, fatigue, poor visibility, speeding, and other such errors made by drivers can cause accidents. With the rapid advancements in automation technologies, transportation planners have strived to use Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) to minimize human error. In this study, the effect of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) on the number of potential conflicts at two unsignalized intersections is investigated by using a microsimulation model in PTV Vissim software. For human-driven cars, the factor that is considered for calibration is driver distraction mainly caused by reading or writing text messages on a cellphone while driving. This factor can be estimated using driving simulators. In this paper, five different scenarios were defined for simulation, in addition to the primary state, according to the different market penetration rates of AVs in Vissim. Safety assessment was performed by the Surrogate Safety Assessment Model (SSAM) using Time to Collision (TTC) and Deceleration Rate to Avoid Crashes (DRAC) indicators to determine the number of accidents. It was concluded that the presence of 100% of AVs could reduce the potential for accidents by up to 93%.

Analisis Kinerja Jalan Tengkuruk Permai dengan Mikrosimulasi Pemindahan Terminal dan Parkir Badan Jalan

Tengkuruk Permai street is currently used for city transportation terminals, on street parking, access and exit to 16 Ilir market parking lot (off street parking), entrance to Ampera Bridge, passenger access to LRT stations and Skate Park. The various functions of this street caused the reduction in street service levels at certain hours and become a congestion point in Palembang city. This study aims to obtain the results of the analysis of Tengkuruk Permai’s street performance in the scenario conditions of terminal relocation and on street parking. The data were collected directly by measuring and enumeration then micro-simulated with the Vissim software. Vissim microsimulation modeling is carried out in existing conditions and scenarios by combining the 3 (three) floors parking building construction plans, city transport routes, Tengkuruk Permai street which has been cleared of on street parking and terminals, street networks around the research location and intersection arrangements concurrently. The street performance analysis uses the calculation of the V/C ratio, where the calculation of the street capacity uses the Vissim microsimulation output such as speed, density and volume obtained in the link of segment evaluation menu. Capacity determination is using the calculation of relation of flow (q), velocity (v) and density (k). The scenario of relocating the city transport terminal and street parking to the 3 (three) floors parking building plan at 16 Ilir market parking lot can increase the capacity of Tengkuruk Permai Street from 1087,88 pcu/hour/direction to 2295.15 pcu/hour/direction and improve the service level from level E to level A.

Alternatives to enhance traffic conditions at U-turn sites

Traffic simulation models play a major role in allowing traffic engineers to assess complex traffic situations such as U-turn section. Such models help in proposing solutions and proposing alternative scenarios without committing too many expensive resources and this models are necessary to implement alternative strategies in the field. Simulation traffic models can significantly improve the quality of road network planning and design in urban areas. According to filed observation, the U-turn movement cause traffic congestion at both origin and distention (opposite) roads. This study introduces many alternatives to enhance the movement at U-turn section. These alternatives have been tested by using simulation models. The PTV VISSIM software is used to development the models. This development model has been calibrated and validated by using filed data collected from Al-Diwaniyah city, Iraq.
 References
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 [14] Zainab A T Al-Kareawi and Jalal T S Al-Obaedi (2021). Simulation of U-turn traffic based on VISSIM and PARAMICS micro simulation, J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 1895 012030 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1895/1/012030.

Microscopic Traffic Characterization of Light Rail Transit Systems at Level Crossings

The movement of the light rail vehicles (LRVs) is highly interrupted at level crossings during peak hour times, especially when the intersections are not regulated by a coordinated signal system. Traffic modelling ensures better understanding and interpretation of complex traffic interactions. This study is aimed at modelling light rail transit (LRT) system operational characteristics at level crossings in Addis Ababa City using VISSIM software. The studied scenarios at Sebategna (All Way Stop Controlled, AWSC) and CMC (Roundabout) level crossings are the baseline without LRT scenario, the actual scenario with collected LRV headways, twice arrival frequency scenario, signalized actual LRV arrival, and signalized twice actual LRV arrival. The relative comparisons among the tested scenarios depicted that significant travel time savings can be achieved in some approaches if more green time is offered to nonconflicting phases during a light rail crossing. Overall, the average additional delays at level crossings increase from the base scenario with increasing light rail crossing frequencies, and delay at the level crossing is the second important variable that contributes to the variability of train travel time at peak hours. If it is a must for an intersection to have a rail road to pass through the median, different options should be verified based on the trade-off between the operational cost of the level crossing and the cost incurred if it is grade separated.

Improving the Capacity and Level of Service at the Sixth Circle in Jordan by Using Traffic Signals and Roundabout Metering Approach

Background and Objective: This study aims to improve the capacity and level of service at the sixth circle in Jordan by using traffic signals and a roundabout metering approach. Methods: VISSIM software and C++ program were used to improve the capacity and level of service. The site area (Sixth circle) was located near Crown Plaza and the Jordan Gate Towers project, which causes congestion due to heavy traffic flow. Therefore, this paper assesses the traffic in the sixth circle and presents the possible solutions to reduce the daily traffic flow for the users of this circle. Results: Four signals were placed at the roundabout in the second scenario, which was connected to each other with different cycle lengths. 90-second cycle length gives D value of the level of service. The third scenario was placed adaptive signals on the roundabout, which connects traffic signals with ground detectors placed at a certain distance before the signal and based on the queue length of the flow cars that pass the detector. Conclusion: The adaptive signals worked on the opening and closing and were designed according to the language simulation and the adoption of the language C++. The first two signals were opened considering the Swefieh road with the reference of King Faisal for a period of 45 seconds. It was then closed for 45 seconds to open the signal from the next street from the fifth circle with Zahran street.

Assessment of Arterial Signal Timings Based on Various Operational Policies and Optimization Tools

Traffic simulation and optimization tools are classified, according to their practical applicability, into two main categories: theoretical and practical. The performance of the optimized signal timing derived by any tool is influenced by how calculations are executed in the particular tool. Highway Capacity Software (HCS) and Vistro implement the procedures defined in the Highway Capacity Manual, thus they are essentially utilized by traffic operations and design engineers. Considering its capability of timing diagram drafting and travel time collection studies, Tru-Traffic is more commonly used by practitioners. All these programs have different built-in objective function(s) to develop optimized signal plans for intersections. In this study, the performance of the optimal signal timing plans developed by HCS, Tru-Traffic, and Vistro are evaluated and compared by using the microsimulation software Vissim. A real-world urban arterial with 20 intersections and heavy traffic in Fort Lauderdale, Florida served as the testbed. To eliminate any bias in the comparisons, all experiments were performed under identical geometric and traffic conditions, coded in each tool. The evaluation of the optimized plans was conducted based on average delay, number of stops, performance index, travel time, and percentage of arrivals on green. Results indicated that although timings developed in HCS reduced delay, they drastically increased number of stops. Tru-Traffic signal timings, when only offsets are optimized, performed better than timings developed by all of the other tools. Finally, Vistro increased arrivals on green, but it also increased delay. Optimized signal plans were transferred manually from optimization tools to Vissim. Therefore, future research should find methods for automatically transferring optimized plans to Vissim.

Operational and Safety Management at Intersections: Can the Turbo-Roundabout Be an Effective Alternative to Conventional Solutions?

The European Union policy strategies on the sustainability of the transport system pursue the goals of maximizing safety and environmental benefits and reducing the severity and frequency of crashes, congestion, and pollutant emission rates. A common issue is the planning of the most effective solution for operational and safety management at intersections. In this study, an egg turbo roundabout is proposed as the alternative solution to a conventional roundabout in Southern Italy which suffers from traffic congestion. A comparative analysis is carried out using microsimulation techniques to investigate the safety effects and operational improvements of converting a traditional priority intersection into standard roundabout or turbo roundabout layout. In particular, the VISSIM software is used to explore the most relevant operational performance measures: queue length, travel times and delays. The lowest values of these measurements are recorded for the simulated turbo roundabout, thus making this scheme more appropriate in terms of operational performances. With regard to safety analysis, the Surrogate Safety Assessment Model (SSAM) is used to collect information on the predicted number of conflicts, the probability, and severity of the potential collisions. The results suggest that, for the specific case study, the safety levels of the standard roundabout and the turbo roundabout are approximately comparable.

Comparative Studies between T-Junction and Rotary Junction and Alternate Method to Minimize the Traffic Flow

As we all know that the situation of traffic flow in metropolitan cities is getting deteriorated day by day, Traffic management is the only key for the having better results. Our study now deals with a similar kind of issue; the study area which was taken is a stretch between the two T- junctions which lies in the vicinity of the IT corridor Hyderabad, Telangana. The study deals with traffic flow counting, analyzing the peak hour volume, designing signals for the junctions, creating a model in VISSIM Software and trying to understand the delays. As an alternate arrangement the T-junctions are replaced with U-turns and it will be analyzed and since the data we have received meets the need for a Rotary too, the signals are being taken away amidst the stretch and is replaced by a rotary. The main objective of our study is to make comparative studies between the junction when replaced with U-turn and Rotary. Our study tries to suggest a way to reduce on the delays caused by the vehicles in the junction which in return paves a way for sustainable urban cities.

Evaluating Operational Features of Three Unconventional Intersections under Heavy Traffic Based on CRITIC Method

Conventional four-legged intersections are inefficient under heavy traffic requirements and are prone to congestion problems. Unconventional intersections with innovative designs allow for more efficient traffic operations and can increase the capacity of the intersection, in some cases. Common unconventional designs for four-legged intersections include the upstream signalized crossover intersection (USC), continuous flow intersection (CFI), and parallel flow intersection (PFI). At present, an increasing number of cities are using such unconventional designs to improve the performance of their intersections. In the reconstruction of original intersections or the design of new intersections, the question of how to more reasonably select the form of unconventional intersection becomes particularly critical. Therefore, we selected a typical intersection in Xi’an for optimization and investigated traffic data for this intersection. The traffic operations, with respect to the four solutions of a conventional intersection, USC, CFI, and PFI, were evaluated using the VISSIM software. Then, we evaluated the suitability of each solution under different situations using the CRITIC (CRiteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation) method, which is a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method that enables a more comprehensive and integrated evaluation of the four solutions by taking into account the comparative intensities and conflicting character among the indices. The results show that the conventional intersection is only applicable to the case of very low traffic volume; PFI has the advantage in the case of moderate and high traffic volume; CFI performs better in the case of high traffic volume; and USC is generally inferior to CFI and PFI, although it has greater improvement, compared with the conventional solution, in a few cases.

Evaluasi Simpang Bersinyal Taman Sari – Cikapayang Kota Bandung Dengan Analisis VisSim

Taman Sari - Cikapayang intersection is one of the intersections in Bandung that has traffic problems, namely traffic jams. It can be seen from the length of the long lines at the arms of the Taman Sari - Cikapayang intersection to the Sulanjana intersection which often occurs during rush hour and weekend. Traffic jam occur in the Taman Sari - Cikapayang intersection during weekend because of the large number of cars parked along the Cikapayang road and the front of ??Balubur Town Square (Baltos) area.
 To minimize the level of congestion at the Taman Sari - Cikapayang intersection, a study was conducted to determine the causes of congestion at the Taman Sari - Cikapayang intersection and optimize the performance of the Taman Sari - Cikapayang intersection. It could be maked by modeling the Intersection using VisSim software. From the results of modeling conducted on VisSim software to describe congestion in the area of ??Baltos can be obtained an alternative solution to optimize the performance of Taman Sari – Cikapayang intrrsection. The results of the evaluation of traffic performance at Simpang Taman Sari - Cikapayang is obtained by the length of the largest queue at rush hour in the afternoon are found in the Cikapayang approach with a length of 353 meters with a LoS F. 
 Based on simulation, the best solution to solve the problem of the length of the queue and LoS in the Baltos area is by banned the parking area on the Baltos area because it can reduce the length of the existing condition queue on the Taman Sari and Cikapayang and can increase LoS F in existing conditions to LoS A.

Saturation Flow Rate of Urban At-Grade Signalized Intersection Under Different Climatic Conditions (Case Study: Sattari-Mokhberi Intersection)

This research aimed to compare the saturation flow rates of an urban at-grade signalized intersection under different climatic conditions in order to optimize the traffic light control system of this intersection. Data collection was performed with a video camera. The case studied was the intersection of Sattari-Mokhberi Intersection, in Tehran. The road surface conditions occurring in this intersection were divided into three classes: dry, wet, and snowy. Modeling and simulations were performed with the help of the software Vissim and Synchro. Model calibration was performed using the parameters “desired speed” and “acceleration/deceleration at zero speed”. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, including analysis of variance (ANOVA), Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, and Tukey and Scheffe tests. The saturation flow for dry, wet, and snowy road conditions was estimated to 1967, 1722, and 1607, respectively. Also, the relationship between saturation headway and sight distance in meters was modeled linearly and logarithmically. The analysis of videos showed that the mean desired speed in wet and snowy road conditions was, respectively, 23% and 36% lower than in normal conditions. The mean desired acceleration at zero speed in wet and snowy road conditions was, respectively, 24% and 30% lower than normal. The simulation results showed a 15% reduction in the total delay of the intersection after the implementation of weather-responsive schedules. The results of this research show that the benefits of adjusting the schedule of traffic lights based on weather are more pronounced in snowy conditions than in rainy conditions.

The Effect of Modifying Double Continuous Flow Intersections Layout Geometric Features on their Operation

Introduction: Continuous flow interventions were first introduced as an alternative to improve traffic operations in the intersections with severe congestion caused by heavy left-turn movements. Objective: This study quantified the effect of modifying the intersection angles of Double Continuous Flow Intersections (DCFI) on their operational characteristics. Mainly, the effects of changing the intersection angle between the different approaches of the main intersection and the angle of the minor cross-over intersections were investigated. Methods: VISSIM software simulation models were used for modifying several design features related to the DCFI and the operational performance was compared between the different simulation scenarios. Results and Discussion: Changes to the cross-over intersection angle increase the safety levels by providing better channelization of traffic movements on the minor intersections of the DCFI and reduce the intersection footprint to be used at high-density urban locations. Increasing the cross-over intersection angle and changing the layout geometry have adverse effects on the capacity of the conventional DCFI. This is mainly because of the added curvature in the intersection approaches which reduces the vehicle speeds, therefore reducing the overall capacity of the modified intersection when compared to the conventional DCFI. However, the total footprint for the intersection is reduced for the modified layout geometry, which improves the capacity of the DCFI. Conclusion: The study has explored the effects of modifying the DCFI intersection angles to fit the limited space in major urban areas on the capacity and performance of the intersection. It showed that DCFI designs could be applied in areas with limited space availability and skewed intersection angles.

Simulation Study of Dynamic Bus Lane Concept

Not many publications are available on using microsimulation models to analyze the feasibility of implementing the dynamic bus lane (DBL) concept. The paper presents the methodology and calibration process used for DBL modeling. For the selected four sites in Rzeszów (Poland), three options were analyzed: no bus lane, standard exclusive bus lane (XBL), and dynamic bus lane. The analyses were carried out using PTV Vissim software with an additional logic script to control the DBL activation. Simulation model parameters were calibrated using a genetic algorithm. The final assessment of individual options was based on the weighted average travel time for all transport modes. The results show that the dynamic bus lane could bring the same benefits to public transport and cause only a slight increase in travel times in private transport compared to XBL. The XBL solution, depending on the site, led to increasing the average travel time in private transport by 12% to 25%, while the dynamic bus lane increased by 1% to 12%. Weighted average travel time per person is proposed as the overall indicator of efficiency. Preliminary analyses show that the bus volume, bus occupancy, routing, and traffic conditions will affect the efficiency of the new solution.

Cooperative messages to enhance the performance of L3 vehicles approaching roadworks

IntroductionIn the near future, automated vehicles will drive on public roads together with traditional vehicles. Even though almost the whole academia agrees on that statement, the possible interferences between the two different kinds of driver are still to be analyzed and the real impacts on the traffic flow to be under-stood.ObjectivesAim of this paper is to study one of the most likely L3 automated system to be deployed on public roads in the short term: Highway Chauffeur. The analysis of this system is carried out on a roadwork scenario to assess the positive impacts arising from a joint implementation of the automated system and the C-ITS Use Case signaling the closure of a lane. In fact, the main contribution of this paper is the assessment of the possible benefits in travel times and driving regime arising from the joint implementation of the Highway Chauffeur system and of C-ITS messages, both for the vehicles equipped with both technologies and for the surrounding traffic.MethodsThe assessment is achieved through traffic simulations carried out with the VISSIM software and a Python script developed by the authors. The overall process is described and the obtained results are provided, commented and compared to define the implementation of the C-ITS Use Case that could maximize the benefits of L3 driving.ResultsThese results showed how triggering the take-over maneuver in ad-vance fosters the bottleneck efficiency (the same speed values reached between 80 and 100% Market Penetration for around 700 m range of the C-ITS message are reached at 50% Market Penetration with a 1500 m range). Besides, an in-creased speed up to 30 km/h at the bottleneck is recorded, depending on the mar-ket penetration and the message range. Finally, the delay upstream the roadworks entrance is reduced by 6% and arises at around 700 m, without the need to deploy the message up to 1500 m.ConclusionsThe paper investigates the impacts of take-over maneuvers and of automated driving while considering different operational parameters such as the message range. The results suggest all the potentialities of the Use Case while providing interesting figures that frame the trends related to the different imple-mentations. Finally, the tool developed to carry out the presented analysis is re-ported and made available so that hopefully the Use Case may be explored further and a precise impact assessment may be carried out with different prototypes of AVs and on different infrastructures.

ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF TRAFFIC AND PEDESTRIANIZATION ENVIRONMENT IN MALIOBORO

he phenomenon of the increasing number of Malioboro tourists every year raises traffic problems in the area. Starting from congestion, increasing vehicle exhaust emissions, to increasing side friction. This has put pressure on the Yogyakarta city government to plan to improve traffic management by transforming the Malioboro area into a pedestrianized area. This application has an impact on significant changes in traffic flow on roads around the Malioboro area. This study will simulate a traffic flow scenario on roads around Malioboro using VISSIM software to determine the saturation level of the flow and the resulting emissions.

Efficiency and safety assessment of suburban highway access management

Congestion and traffic accidents often take place at the entrances and exits of highways. However, reasonable access management and design can greatly mitigate congestion and accidents. This paper discusses the field of suburban highway access management by introducing three typical suburban highways access management models, including the two-way stop-controlled intersection, simplified restricted crossing U-turn (RCUT), and interchange with right-in right-out. To ensure better efficiency and safety, the simulations were conducted in VISSIM and Surrogate Safety Assessment Model (SSAM) software. The travel time, delay, and throughput are used as the efficiency indexes, and the traffic conflicts are used as safety indexes to quantify the access management performance. The results show that the total delay at an interchange with right-in right-out decreased by 40.5%, and the conflict decreased by 50.0% more than a two-way stop-controlled intersection design, as well as the total delay decreased by 30.7% and the conflict decreased by 67.4% more than a simplified RCUT design.