Inclusive Vision Research Articles

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Irish Nationalists in Boston: Catholicism and Conflict, 1900–1928 by Damien Murray

Reviewed by: Irish Nationalists in Boston: Catholicism and Conflict, 1900–1928 by Damien Murray Mathieu W. Billings Irish Nationalists in Boston: Catholicism and Conflict, 1900–1928, by Damien Murray (Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press, 2018, 284 p., hardcover, $75) One of the most important developments in the scholarship of Irish America over the past few decades has been for historians to emphasize how events in Ireland shaped the experiences of immigrant communities in the United States. Following the work of Kerby Miller, Kevin Kenny, and others, scholars have continued to expand upon this trend. Damien Murray's splendid monograph, Irish Nationalists in Boston: Catholicism and Conflict, 1900–1928, elevates this theme to new heights. Murray argues that between 1900 and 1928, the independence struggle in Ireland helped transform what politics and ethnicity meant to the Boston Irish—shifting from a spirit of cooperation with liberal Protestant elites to the unabashedly Catholic domination of local institutions. As he puts it, "The growing animosity between the Irish and Yankees, along with the advocacy of government policies inspired by the principles of Catholic social justice, demonstrated that the evolution of Irish ethnicity during this period was as much the product of international developments as it was of local inter- and intra-ethnic [End Page 149] divisions." During the prewar years, John Redmond's campaign for Home Rule in Ireland found support among Boston's Irish middle and upper classes. That began to change following the Easter Rising and America's entry into World War I, events that challenged the authority of the city's Irish elite. Following the war, intra-Irish fissures might have intensified as a result of Roxbury's May Day riot and the Boston police strike of 1919. Nevertheless, the onset of the Anglo-Irish War, followed by Éamon de Valera's wildly popular fundraising campaign for the American Association for the Recognition of the Irish Republic (AARIR) in Boston, smoothed over their divisions. The city's Catholic leaders, such as the "staunch Romanist" cardinal William H. O'Connell, threw their support to de Valera and promoted Vatican policies, especially regarding the dignity of working people. With the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922 and the conclusion of the Irish Civil War that followed, politicians such as Mayor James Michael Curley, like most of the Boston Irish, turned their attention toward the "tribal twenties." More unified than ever, they no longer sought nor required the support of their former Yankee allies. Over the long term, Murray concludes, the Boston Irish secured a victory for liberalism and multiculturalism—paving the way for "a political philosophy that advocated government support of the needy and the rights of members of different ethnic groups," of which President John F. Kennedy was a legacy. The efforts of the Catholic Church in Boston are essential to Murray's argument. The Boston prelate waged a campaign against socialism during the prewar years. With three-quarters of the city's Irish population being American-born and eager to show their allegiance to the United States in 1917, Cardinal O'Connell's message was particularly effective. Yet the city's Catholic leaders also sympathized with the plight of the working classes. Cardinal O'Connell, editors of the Boston Pilot, and faculty at Boston College openly defended the rights of workers. "By the late summer 1919," Murray contends, "local expressions of support for Irish revolutionary separatism and Irish ethnicity in Boston were being shaped by Catholic Church teachings that condemned socialism while advocating government reforms that improved the living and working conditions of the working class." Their influence did not stop there. The church condemned the bigotry of nativist organizations such as the American Protective Association and the Loyalty Coalition. It refuted xenophobic claims that the United States was an "Anglo-Saxon" nation. Alongside Irish nationalist organizations such as the Friends of Irish Freedom (FOIF) and the Ancient Order of Hibernians (AOH), the church opposed the Immigration Act of 1924. It emboldened the politics of Mayor Curley, who refused to grant the Ku Klux Klan permission to hold meetings in Boston. "Catholic Americanism and ethnic nationalism," as the author puts it, helped "propagate an inclusive vision...

Problems Faced by Bank Employees in Implementation of Financial Inclusion Schemes

It is pertinent to have a financially inclusive system in order to run the engine of growth. Banks being the key stimulators in an economy create an enabling environment in order to run on the pathway to inclusive growth. It is difficult to give form to any of the initiatives if the banks do not mediate. They are the lifeline of a financial system that knits the prevailing gaps by linking the unbanked segment with the vision of financial inclusion. Providing timely and comprehensive financial services and products through a panoply of channels and institutions has always been accorded as a priority by the banks. The Government of India announced three major schemes, that is, Direct Benefit Transfer Scheme, Jan Dhan Yojana, and Atal Pension Yojana in the past specifically designed for targeting industrial workers so as to link them with the financial system. The onus of implementation lies on the shoulders of the bankers, and therefore, it is necessary that there should not be any hurdles in the implementation phase. The purpose of this paper was to analyze the various problems faced by bank employees in implementation of the selected financial inclusion schemes for the industrial workers. For the same, data were gathered from 107 bank officials working in Delhi and NCR using semi-structured personal interviews during the period of March-June 2018. Exploratory factor analysis, cross tabulation, and chi-square test were used for scale purification and data analysis. The current study succeeded in exploring the factors related to issues faced by bankers in implementing the schemes that are defined as predictors of financial inclusion by the government.

Perceived importance of inclusive street dimensions: a public questionnaire survey from a vision(ing) perspective

The increasingly prevalent concept of inclusiveness in the public discourse is gaining a foothold in the paradigm shift of street design from a predominance of vehicular traffic towards a vision that caters to non-motorised modes and creates an urban setting conducive to non-mobile activities. This study aims to investigate perceived importance within a set of six dimensions of street design (i.e., accessibility, connectivity, streetscape, safety and security, urban vibrancy, and greenery), which is an inclusive street vision and can be contextualised in the act of visioning. A street-intercept questionnaire survey (n = 816) was conducted in Singapore, and gender, age and transport mode use information were also collected. Using a multivariate and graphical approach, a categorical canonical correlation analysis was performed that highlighted the elderly and motorcyclists as groups with potentially different perceptions. Then, univariate ordinal logistic regression models were fitted separately on the six dimensions; gender was non-significant, while age and certain transport modes were significant. In particular, in addition to age, the car passenger transport mode was significant in five dimensions. Recent developments in Singapore’s urban transport, which is undergoing rapid changes due to incremental improvement schemes and disruptive services, such as ride hailing and bicycle sharing, are further discussed. As mobility needs and desirable street qualities vary across transport modes, this study serves as a precursor of further research into specific inclusive street dimensions, such as streetscape and urban vibrancy. The results indicate that land use and transport systems should be planned or redeveloped collaboratively to incorporate users’ aspirations.

EXPERIENCIAS DE VIVIENDA Y COMUNIDADES DIGNAS, SUSTENTABLES Y RESILIENTES

The book is an interinstitutional effort through a co-edition between the University of Guadalajara and the Autonomous University of Chiapas, in the context of the editorial project of the National Housing and Sustainable Communities Laboratory, it must be added that it is an editorial work of focus collaborative, and represents a recovery of the visions and works that have been developed around the home nationwide, having collaborations that expose the research results and a series of theoretical reflections in which the multiple and inclusive vision of the concepts of resilience, sustainability in a context of housing as a human right, without forgetting its relationship with the city and its inhabitants. Initially, the chapter entitled “The challenge of sustainability in the face of urban expansion and social housing production” addresses one of the most complex issues in urban management and planning in Mexican cities, which is related to the relationship between the interpretation and application of the concept of sustainability in an environment of urban expansion in Mexican cities, which has generated problems of inequality, segregation, lack of accessibility to services and informality as an alternative to solve habitat problems.

Through the eyes of inclusion: an evaluation of video analysis as a reflective tool for student teachers within special education

ABSTRACTThe role of special education teachers is currently facing an extensive renewal process closely related to the professional transition from a narrow understanding of special education, rooted in the deficit paradigm, to a broader vision of inclusion as a whole-school and community action. Within such a process, student teachers’ professional development in special education plays a crucial role. Studies on this topic underline how student teachers’ beliefs and attitudes regarding inclusive education deeply affect their future teaching activity. Research shows that, while student teachers usually agree with the principles of inclusive teaching, they are much less sure of how to implement those principles in their teaching practice. By assessing the breadth of the gulf between ideals and practice, my investigation emphasises how the video analysis of simulated lessons carried out by student teachers can contribute to a positive change in student teachers’ attitudes towards inclusion in school. Such a change would help student teachers develop a reflective stance that would strengthen their ability to transform inclusive principles into everyday educational practices.

Curricular Decolonization from Epistemologies of Diversity

Curriculum dialogue in the Chilean curriculum has been historically constrained, making it into a monologue where it is intended to impose an epistemological monism, manifested in the configuration process of its contents. The epistemological monism reproduces discourses and colonizing models through curriculum that do not carry out a dialogue between knowledges, but the maintenance of power relations that reduce sociocultural diversity, denying its value. Although intercultural and inclusive visions have gradually become part of the curriculum, colonizing dynamics are still legitimized. Therefore, the curricular conversation must be a dialogue of diversities that recognize and legitimize between themselves, in equal conditions. It is necessary to change the homogenizing and segregating curricular paradigm to a social and diverse one that articulates the universal right that every human being possesses to a full education and development, regardless of their condition or difference. In this sense, this work proposes the epistemologies of diversity (disabilities and other marginalized groups) to make available their lived curriculum in order to decolonize and democratize the curricular design from the classroom level and project it to the other curriculum levels, in order to redefine the assumptions that are transmitted as hegemonic knowledge. For this, the paper deals with the epistemological basis proposed by Latin American authors of the decolonization and Deaf studies. Key-words: Curriculum, Decolonization, Epistemology, Diversity, Diversification of Education

Dropout prevention in Secondary VET from different learning spaces: A social discussion experience

Context: In 2016, the early leaving from education and training (ELET) rate in the Balearic Islands, Spain, was 26.8%. According to the most recent data, the participation rate in intermediate vocational education and training (VET) was 31.5%, and the graduation rate was 53.2%. In this paper, we present the main elements of the social agreement among political and social actors, derived from social discussion, which may form the main building blocks for addressing the problems of ELET and, more specifically, dropout in VET. Approach: The social discussion was developed under the need for a broader and more inclusive vision between the formal education system and the community as well as among their agents and initiatives, the mutual understanding between the educational strategies and the models of formal and non-formal education systems and the need for a dynamic and holistic approach to experiential learning processes. As researchers, we analysed the video-recorded content of participants’ contributions using three categories: problems, strategies for improvements and contributions of the work group to the social agreement.Findings: The experience evidenced the severity of the ELET problem in the Balearic Islands and proved that preventing ELET and returning people between the ages of 16 and 24 to education and training programmes must become political priorities. The social agreement reflects the consensus reached regarding the need to work in networks, encourage collaboration between formal and non-formal education and emphasise the central role of the community and the active participation of students. The proposed actions regarding VET focus on the need to establish a system that integrates VET from education and from employment systems and the need to increase the offer to connect with the needs of businesses, the territory and a new model of production. The necessity of improving the quality of the system, moving towards more inclusive education and training teachers to recognize and reduce dropout risk factors was also brought up. Conclusion: The social agreement is possible even in contexts with little tradition. The innovation of this experience lies in its equating all participants at the same level of discussion. We highlight the intersection of the variety of positions that emerged in the debates as well as the consensus reached regarding the suggested proposals to address the problem of ELET and dropout in VET in the Balearic Islands.

Stakeholder perceptions on patient-centered care at primary health care level in rural eastern Uganda: A qualitative inquiry.

BackgroundPatient-centered care (PCC) offers opportunities for African health systems to improve quality of care. Nonetheless, PCC continually faces implementation challenges. In 2015, Uganda introduced PCC as a concept in their national quality improvement guidelines. In order to investigate whether and how this is implemented in practice, this study aims to identify relevant stakeholders’ views on the current quality of primary health care services and their understanding of PCC. This is an important step in understanding how the concept of PCC can be implemented in a resource constrained, sub-Saharan context like Uganda.MethodsThis qualitative study was conducted in Uganda at national, district and facility level, with a focus on three public and three private health centres. Data collection consisted of in-depth interviews (n = 49); focus group discussions (n = 7); and feedback meetings (n = 14) across the four main categories of stakeholders identified: patients/communities, health workers, policy makers and academia. Interviews and discussions explored stakeholder perceptions on the interpersonal aspects of quality primary health care and meanings attached to the concept of PCC. A content analysis of Ugandan policy documents mentioning PCC was also conducted. Thematic content analysis was conducted using NVivo 11 to organize and analyze the data.Findings and conclusionWhile Ugandan stakeholder groups have varying perceptions of PCC, they agree on the following: the need to involve patients in making decisions about their health, the key role of healthcare workers in that endeavor, and the importance of context in designing and implementing solutions. For that purpose, three avenues are recommended: Firstly, fora that include a wide range of stakeholders may offer a powerful opportunity to gain an inclusive vision on PCC in Uganda. Secondly, efforts need to be made to ensure that improved communication and information sharing–important components of PCC–translate to actual shared decision making. Lastly, the Ugandan health system needs to strengthen its engagement of the transformation from a community health worker system to a more comprehensive community health system. Cross-cutting the entire analysis, is the need to address, in a culturally-sensitive way, the many structural barriers in designing and implementing PCC policies. This is essential in ensuring the sustainable and effective implementation of PCC approaches in low- and middle-income contexts.

The Complexity and Fear of Teaching the “Other”: The Role of Teachers in a Larger Process of Social Cohesion and Peace

Based on a narrative case study conducted in two in-service teacher preparation programs for English language teachers in Sri Lanka, this paper explores the role of English language teachers in promoting so-cial cohesion and peace. Set against Sri Lanka’s National Policy on Social Cohesion and Peace (2008), which recognizes teacher agency and teacher education in actively working towards bridging the es-tranged Sri Lankan communities, this paper critically analyzes what it takes for teacher education to prepare prospective teachers to be cultural brokers who are willing and able take an active role in pro-moting social cohesion and peace. The paper argues that national and program level policies and curricula changes are insufficient if micro level and more personal efforts are not made to assist new teachers to develop more inclusive mindsets. Conceptually this paper is grounded on transformative approaches to pedagogy that highlight the agency of teachers and the need for teacher preparation programs to support new teachers to shape and craft their emergent transformative practices. Such approaches to teacher education identify teachers as transformative intellectuals whose role is recognized as being in tune with their social, political and historical realities. This perspective aligns with an approach in which the teacher’s role extends beyond the mere transmission of knowledge and skills in the classroom to a broader, more inclusive vision of the whole socio-educational process. The paper argues how national policies, curricula interventions, and the creation of a multicultural teacher community by diversifying the pool of prospective teachers to provide greater opportunities for inter-cultural interactions are insufficient if personal efforts are not made by teacher education programs and teacher educators to ensure that the program provides prospective teachers the theoretical lenses to make sense of their experiences with those who are different from them. Instead, mere cultural immersion lacking active measures that provide teachers with attitudes and skills to embrace diversity, results in the recreation of the existing status quo and promoting further mis-trust among communities.

Ambiguity in international finance and the spread of financial norms: the localization of financial inclusion in Kenya and Nigeria

Despite powerful pressures for convergence towards global financial norms we do not see uniform outcomes across the globe. Instead, local agents seek to adapt foreign agendas to local conditions. While scholarship has illustrated the localization of global norms, we still lack a systematic understanding of why certain localized norms emerge and how we can explain agency in the face of pressures for policy convergence. I offer an analysis of the spread of the financial inclusion agenda to highlight the role that ambiguity in global financial norms and the structural dependence on capital play in explaining the emergence of specific localized norms. Using case studies of central bank promotion of financial inclusion in Kenya and Nigeria, I argue that the ambiguity of the concept of financial inclusion made it compatible with the pre-existing beliefs of local central bankers and helped them to navigate their socio-political environments to implement their preferred vision of financial inclusion. The cases also show that while ambiguity enhances agency, the structural dependence on capital constrains it. More broadly, the study highlights the constructive role ambiguity may play in the spread of financial norms and the agency developing countries may exercise in their engagement with global norms.

Patchy Anthropocene: Frenzies and Afterlives of Violent Simplifications

Patchy Anthropocene: Frenzies and Afterlives of Violent Simplifications

Niños, niñas y adolescentes de circuito: entre la precariedad y la frontera, México

Analizamos los factores que promueven la incursión de menores de edad a mercados laborales ilícitos en la frontera norte de México. Se analiza el caso de los niños, niñas y adolescentes de circuito. Lleva-mos a cabo una revisión bibliográfica, hemerográfica, así como desarrollamos y aplicamos indicadores de desarrollo social en una de las regiones de mayor incidencia del fenómeno y realizamos en-trevistas a actores clave en la atención institucional a esta población. Concluimos que este fenómeno tiene un origen multifactorial, pero con un trasfondo geográfico y de deficiencias en desarrollo social con una visión incluyente de la niñez y la adolescencia

Toward an Inclusive Vision of Both Nursing Practice and Nursing Science

Toward an Inclusive Vision of Both Nursing Practice and Nursing Science

The Right to Envision the City? The Emerging Vision Conflicts in Redeveloping Historic Nanjing, China

This article presents a new trend in urban politics in China, that is, the intertwined conflicts of three competing visions—entrepreneurial redevelopment, historic conservation, and community conservation—in the redevelopment of historic areas. Through an in-depth case study of the struggles around the redevelopment of historic Nanjing, we outline three key points. First, historic conservation has emerged as a strong urban vision competing against entrepreneurial redevelopment in historic districts, since the early 2000s. Second, local residents have tactically employed the discourse of historic conservation to negotiate their own visions of community conservation, yet these have largely failed since the major concern of the elite vision of historic conservation is the preservation of material structures rather than communities living in them. Third, and in conclusion, this article calls for a more inclusive vision of historic community conservation and more attention to the “envisioning” right of ordinary residents in Chinese urban politics.

The Limits of Resistance Ideologies? The CNDD-FDD and the Legacies of Governance in Burundi

Why is it that ruling parties with origins as rebel movements fighting against perceived injustices and exclusion often abandon the ideas and visions of state transformation that they had articulated when they were fighting? Using the case of the Conseil National pour la Défense de la Démocratie–Forces pour la Défense de la Démocratie (CNDD-FDD) in Burundi, this article shows that rather than experiencing an abrupt ideological change when the CNDD-FDD became a ruling party, there had always been ideological divergence within the movement. Over time, progressive ideas of inclusive state transformation were repeatedly sidelined in favour of a focus on resistance, and then state capture. Paradoxically, then, once it became a ruling party the CNDD-FDD reverted to governance practices that were akin to those that had led it to take up arms in the first place. This is not because of an absence of commitment to progressive ideas among some CNDD-FDD members, but because the internal dynamics of the CNDD-FDD meant that those factions relying on power politics eventually gained the upper hand over those that articulated a more progressive, inclusive vision, due in part to their ability to back their ideas with force.

Vegan: Ethical Considerations in Challenging Meat-Eating Norms

Vegan: Ethical Considerations in Challenging Meat-Eating Norms

ARspace: Augmented Reality and Visual Analytics for Improving and Monitoring the Quality of Public Space - Case: Las Nieves Neighborhood in Bogota, Colombia

Public space is a prerequisite for sustainable living, and it should be planned with the citizens´ needs as a starting point. In this paper, the process to carry out a collaborative environment is explained in order to support the improvement of the quality of public space through direct participatory processes. After analyzing previous works, a different approach was explored: generation of data and information based on people’s proposals and ideas and not on reports or complaints about the current state of public space. Augmented reality was chosen as a way for creating proposals and visual analytics in order to support collaboration and decision-making processes. Results showed a high level of acceptance by the stakeholders and, despite the difficulty in district institutions to work collaboratively and involve citizens, they acknowledged it is necessary to have comprehensive and inclusive visions to manage public space.

Evaluate the Roles of Coaches By Enhancing The Footballers Sportsmanship of The Super Iraqi Leagues in Futsal

The research aims to: - 1- Scale building by Erected the gauges for enhancing the footballers sports manship of the Iraqi footballers coaches in Futsal from the footballers point of view . 2- Identifyingthe levels for enhancing the footballers manship Sport that which act by the Iraqi footballers coaches in futsal the super Iraqi leagues from the footballers point of view . The description programme had been used by the survey method and it included two samples , the build and the final application ( 182 / 120 ) footballers in frequently for the super Iraqi league teams and to get data of enhancing the manship sports whish had built and applied it in default of the scientific conditions on it . The data had been corrected by counting with using the arithmetic the standard deviation and the simple linkage with Gettman equalization and Alpha Cronbach operator . The two investigatars deduced many things like :- 1- Ability Gauges for enhancing the footballers manship sports by the coaches which had built in the super Iraqi leauges teams in futsal . 2- The footballers Iraqi coaches in futsal have got a very high interested in enhancing the footballers manship sports by acting the inclusive vision with developing its sides . The two investigators advised many tips :- 1- The ability of depending on the sitting education gouges to evaluate the role of coaches in enhancing the players manshipsports . Encourage the coaches to keep their a distinct roles in enhancing the players manship sports and encourage them to go on with the central Iraqi union of football and their configuration managers of their clubs .

Movilizaciones por la red. Las evoluciones del movimiento <em>open</em>

El movimiento open es el conjunto de luchas protagonizadas por individuos, foros, organizaciones e instituciones de muy diverso tipo que postulan una visión abierta, inclusiva y participativa de internet y de los bienes digitales. Consta de seis ramas fundamentales en función del campo sobre el que operan: el software, la comunicación científica, los materiales educativos, la creación cultural, la producción maker y la neutralidad de la red. Este artículo ofrece una visión sintética del movimiento, de sus características y aportaciones fundamentales.