Visible Component Research Articles

Two-Stage Frame Extraction in Video Analysis for Accurate Prediction of Object Tracking by Improved Deep Learning

Recently, the information extraction from graphics and video summarizing using keyframes have benefited from a recent look at the visual content-based method. Analysis of keyframes in a movie may be done by extracting visual elements from the video clips. In order to accurately anticipate the path of an item in real-time, the visible components are utilized. The frame variations with low-level properties such as color and structure are the basis of the rapid and reliable approach. This research work contains 3 phases: preprocessing, two-stage extraction, and video prediction module. Besides, this framework on object track estimation uses the probabilistic deterministic process to arrive at an estimate of the object. Keyframes for the whole video sequence are extracted using a proposed two-stage feature extraction approach by CNN feature extraction. An alternate sequence is first constructed by comparing the color characteristics of neighboring frames in the original series to those of the generated one. When an alternate arrangement is compared to the final keyframe sequence, it is found that there are substantial structural changes between consecutive frames. Three keyframe extraction techniques based on on-time behavior have been employed in this study. A keyframe extraction optimization phase termed as "Adam" optimizer, dependent on the number of final keyframes is then introduced. The proposed technique outperforms the prior methods in computational cost and resilience across a wide range of video formats, video resolutions, and other parameters. Finally, this research compares SSIM, MAE, and RMSE performance metrics with the traditional approach.

Fast Scalable Synthetic Methodology to Prepare Nanoflower‐Shaped Bi/BiOClxBr1−x Heterojunction for Efficient Immobilized Photocatalytic Reactors under Visible Light Irradiation

AbstractThe metal/photocatalyst heterojunction has demonstrated an excellent capability for pollutant degradation under visible light irradiation. In this study, for the first time, highly stable colloidal dispersions of Bi/BiOClxBr1−x heterojunction with an exposed (001) facet are successfully prepared from inorganic simple salts using low‐frequency ultrasound irradiation (LFUI) at ambient conditions without further post‐treatment. The colloidal dispersion series of Bi/BiOClxBr1−x heterojunction (x = 0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8 and 1) is simply obtained by adding stoichiometric aqueous solutions of NaCl and NaBr, into an acidic aqueous solution of Bi(NO)3.5H2O in a typical ultrasonication bath at room temperature within ≈5 min. Bi/BiOClxBr1−x heterojunction films are also fabricated using a simple drop‐casting technique and tested as immobilized photocatalytic reactors. Compared to its counterparts, the Bi/BiOCl0.8Br0.2 film possesses a 3D flower‐like morphology with a highly exposed (001) facet showing the highest electron‐hole generation and separation efficiencies. In addition, the Bi/BiOCl0.8Br0.2 film demonstrates the highest photocatalytic degradation rate of the rhodamine RhB aqueous solutions (≈5 ppm), achieving ≈99% in 60 min under the visible light component of the solar spectrum. This study demonstrates the potential of LFUI as a rapid scalable synthetic strategy for cost‐effective and energy‐efficient practical production of highly active immobilized photocatalytic reactors.

Type- IV sacrococcygeal teratoma presenting as acute urinary retention in a one year old child

Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) is the most common neoplasm occurring in neonatal age group. It is classified in to 4 types depending on its anatomical extent. Type IV is the least common type, confined to intrapelvic position without any visible component outside. Due to its hidden location it offers diagnostic challenge and presents late with its mass effects on rectum and rarely on urinary bladder, with resultant constipation and urinary retention. Herein, we present a one year old female child who presented in Emergency Department with acute urinary retention due to urinary bladder displacement by type IV SCT.

Normalising power and engaged narrative methodology: refugee women, the forgotten category in the public discourse

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the discourse of othering of non-Western migrants has been growing in many European societies. And since 2015, refugees have become a quite visible component in this discourse. Although, for decades, the dominant image of refugees has been constructed as people ‘at risk’, new competing images of refugee men ‘as risk’ have recently gained ground. For refugee women, however, the image of being victims and ‘at risk’ still prevails. This shows a strong underlying gendered logic of feminine vulnerability and masculine threat. In this article, I show how these images are situated within the dominant Dutch discourse of migration with taken-for-granted taxonomies of the self and the other. Specific in this normalised discourse for refugee women is that their agency is either ignored or their possible position as activists is not acknowledged to exist. Using examples from two studies in which my research team engaged with the method of narrative engaged research, I show the importance of this particular narrative method in unsettling the normalising power of othering. The theoretical argument of this article engages with ongoing discussions on power and agency. It argues that, when the power of exclusion works through repetition and is manifested in the daily normalisation of actions, agency needs to provide an alternative in the same fluid manner. Narratives in dialogue provide an illuminating angle for discussing this specific kind of agency, as I will show through some examples from research.

Multi-Modal Clustering Events Observed by Horizon-10T and Axion Quark Nuggets

The Horizon-10T collaboration have reported observation of Multi-Modal Events (MME) containing multiple peaks suggesting their clustering origin. These events are proven to be hard to explain in terms of conventional cosmic rays (CR). We propose that these MMEs might be result of the dark matter annihilation events within the so-called axion quark nugget (AQN) dark matter model, which was originally invented for completely different purpose to explain the observed similarity between the dark and the visible components in the Universe, i.e., ΩDM∼Ωvisible without any fitting parameters. We support this proposal by demonstrating that the observations, including the frequency of appearance, intensity, the spatial distribution, the time duration, the clustering features, and many other properties nicely match the emission characteristics of the AQN annihilation events in atmosphere. We list a number of features of the AQN events which are very distinct from conventional CR air showers. The observation (non-observation) of these features may substantiate (refute) our proposal.

Design and analysis of component for non-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are widely applied in various industries and fields. Because they use a variety of rotor types, from single rotors to multi-rotors, UAVs offer a wide array of functions. However, continuously rotating rotors can be dangerous if they accidentally encounter foreign objects or bare hands. Therefore, non-rotor UAVs are the focus of discussion and modification in the present study. Non-rotor UAVs do not contain visible rotor mechanical components. Compared with the development of popularized multirotor UAVs, that of non-rotor UAVs is challenging in terms of structure and flight control. To address this challenge, wind tunnel structure models were developed in this study for different levels of aerodynamic force, and computer-aided engineering was used to conduct structural and flow field analyses to determine the key elements that reinforce non-rotor UAV structures. The research results revealed that the thickness and fillet design at the joint of the non-rotor UAV aerodynamic wind tunnel system were crucial factors influencing the system’s performance. Motor rotors can be embedded inside support structures to reduce airflow turbulence in the wind tunnel.

Testing gravity with the Milky Way: Yukawa potential

We test a Yukawa correction to the Newtonian potential, making use of our own Galaxy - the Milky Way - as a testbed. We include as free parameter the Yukawa strength and range and the dark matter profile parameters, and compare several morphologies for the bulge, gas, and disk components, also using Bayesian model selection criteria. We employ up-to-date datasets for both the visible (baryonic) component of the Milky Way, and for the tracers of the gravitational potential (the Rotation Curve). We find that the data are consistent with the Newtonian potential, and constrain the Yukawa coupling $\beta$ to be negative and $\lambda$ to range along the curve $\lambda = a|\beta|^{c}$ with $a = (0.77 \pm 0.06)$ kpc and $c = -0.503\substack{+0.016 \\ -0.019}$.

Cast partial denture with attachment: a preventive prosthodontics

Cast partial dentures is one of several treatment options that can be applied to rehabilitate partial edentulism with distal extension. Cast metal as a denture base exerts stimulation to the underlying tissue, thus prevents alveolar atrophy. However, one of the disadvantages of partial dentures with metal framework is the obviously visible retentive components attached to it, which could interfere with esthetics. This problem could be solved by using precision attachment that helps improving the esthetics, retention, stability and durability of the denture. There are two types of attachments, namely the intracoronal and extracoronal attachments. In this article, extracoronal attachments were used because they provide better esthetics.

Predicting the self-lensing population in optical surveys

ABSTRACT The vast majority of binaries containing a compact object and a regular star spend most of their time in a quiescent state where no strong interactions occur between components. Detection of these binaries is extremely challenging and only few candidates have been detected through optical spectroscopy. Self-lensing represents a new means of detecting compact objects in binaries, where gravitational lensing of the light from the visible component by the compact object produces periodic optical flares. Here we show that current and planned large-area optical surveys can detect a significant number (∼100–10 000s) of these self-lensing binaries and provide insights into the properties of the compact lenses. We show that many of the predicted population of observable self-lensing binaries will be observed with multiple self-lensing flares; this both improves the chances of detection and also immediately distinguishes them from chance-alignment micro-lensing events. Through self-lensing we can investigate long – but previously hidden – stages of binary evolution and consequently provide new constraints on evolutionary models that impact the number and nature of double compact object mergers.

Novel Insights into the Molecular-Level Mechanism Linking the Chemical Diversity and Copper Binding Heterogeneity of Biochar-Derived Dissolved Black Carbon and Dissolved Organic Matter.

Biochar-derived dissolved black carbon (DBC) varies in chemical composition and significantly affects the environmental fate of metal ions. However, the intrinsic molecular composition of DBC fractions and their molecular interaction mechanisms with metal ions remain unclear. We propose a novel, molecular-level covariant binding mechanism to comparatively interpret the heterogeneities, active sites, and sequential responses of copper binding with molecular compounds in DBC and natural dissolved organic matter (DOM). Relatively large proportions of lipid/aliphatic/peptide-like compounds with low mass distributions and lignin-like compounds with oxidized/unsaturated groups existed in acidic- and alkaline-extracted DBC, respectively. A larger percentage of tannin-like/condensed aromatic compounds and higher average conditional stability constants (logK̅Cu) of visible fluorescent components were found for DOM than for DBC. Overall, 200-320 Da and 320-480 Da molecular components contributed significantly to the logK̅Cu values of UVA and visible fluorescent components, respectively, in DBC/DOM. Nitrogenous groups likely exhibited stronger binding affinities than phenolic/carboxylic groups. The sequential copper-binding responses of molecular compounds in DBC/DOM generally followed the order lipid/aliphatic/peptide-like compounds → tannin-like compounds → condensed aromatic compounds. These insights will improve the prediction of the potential effects of DBC on various contaminants and the risks of biochar application to ecosystems.

Direct social perception of others’ subjective time

In this paper, I deploy Gallagher et al.’s theory of Direct Social Perception (DSP) to help explain how we perceive others’ subjective time. This process of second-person temporal perception plays an important role in interpersonal interaction, yet is often glossed over in discussions of intersubjectivity. Using A.D. Craig (2009) ‘awareness’ model of subjective time to unify converging evidence that subjective time is embodied, affective, and situated, I argue that subjective time cannot be considered as a hidden or invisible aspect of a private mind, but is partially externally visible through our gestures, expressions, and other behaviours as they unfold within a particular context. My central thesis is that, in face to face interactions, we are able to directly perceive these visible components of other people’s subjective time. This is made possible by our “enculturated” (Menary, 2015) and enactive perceptual faculties. The process of social perception is not a passive, unidirectional affair where static information about one person’s subjective time is transmitted to the other, but rather inextricably linked with action (both at the personal and subpersonal level) and interaction effects produced by a dynamic coupling between participants. Such an enactive perspective reveals how others’ subjective time can be perceived in everyday interactions.

Hydrophobic modification of fir wood surface via low ppm ATRP strategy

Wood-polymer hybrid material was prepared using an easily scalable supplemental activator and reducing agent atom transfer radical polymerization (SARA ATRP) concept with low ppm catalyst concentration. Polymers with hydrophobic characteristics – poly (n-butyl acrylate) (PnBA), poly (tert-butyl acrylate) (PtBA) and poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were grafted from the fir wood surface in a controlled manner, proved by linear first-order kinetics of polymerization in solution and low dispersity (Mw/Mn = 1.12) of the polymers formed in the reaction mixture. Moreover, the thickness of the polymer brushes grafted from the wood surface was estimated based on the measurements performed for brush decorated silicon wafers that were placed in the reaction mixture. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) proved successful coverage of the wood by a covalently attached polymer layer, going from sharp-edged untreated wood surface with clearly visible wood cell wall structural elements, to full coverage rough texture with no visible structural components. Water contact angle (Θ) measurements indicated excellent hydrophobic properties of the prepared biohybrid material (Θ ~138°) without notable changes after 120 s of water droplet exposure. Water and acid solution uptake tests confirmed a significant improvement in resistance for absorption of wood samples after modification with polymers.

A proto-helium white dwarf stripped by a substellar companion via common-envelope ejection

In the past, SDSS J160429.12+100002.2 wass spectroscopically classified as a blue horizontal branch (BHB) star. Assuming a luminosity that is characteristic of BHB stars, the object’s radial velocity and proper motions from Gaia Early Data Release 3 would imply that its Galactic rest-frame velocity exceeds its local escape velocity. Consequently, the object would be considered a hypervelocity star, which would prove particularly interesting because its Galactic trajectory points in our direction. However, based on the spectroscopic analysis of follow-up observations, we show that the object is actually a short-period (P ≈ 3.4 h) single-lined spectroscopic binary system with a visible B-type star (effective temperature Teff = 15 840 ± 160 K and surface gravity log(g) = 4.86 ± 0.04) that is less luminous than typical BHB stars. Accordingly, the distance of the system is lower than originally thought, which renders its Galactic orbit bound to the Galaxy. Nevertheless, it is still an extreme halo object on a highly retrograde orbit. The abundances of He, C, N, O, Ne, Mg, Al, Si, S, and Ca are subsolar by factors from 3 to more than 100, while Fe is enriched by a factor of about 6. This peculiar chemical composition pattern is most likely caused by atomic diffusion processes. Combining constraints from astrometry, orbital motion, photometry, and spectroscopy, we conclude that the visible component is an unevolved proto-helium white dwarf with a thin hydrogen envelope that was stripped by a substellar companion through common-envelope ejection. Its unique configuration renders the binary system an interesting test bed for stellar binary evolution in general and common-envelope evolution in particular.

Axion quark nuggets. Dark matter and matter–antimatter asymmetry: Theory, observations and future experiments

We review a testable, the axion quark nugget (AQN) model outside of the standard WIMP paradigm. The model was originally invented to explain the observed similarity between the dark and the visible components, [Formula: see text], in a natural way as both types of matter are formed during the same QCD transition and proportional to the same dimensional fundamental parameter of the system, [Formula: see text]. In this framework, the baryogenesis is actually a charge segregation (rather than charge generation) process which is operational due to the [Formula: see text]-odd axion field, while the global baryon number of the Universe remains zero. The nuggets and anti-nuggets are strongly interacting but macroscopically large objects with approximately nuclear density. We overview several specific recent applications of this framework. First, we discuss the “solar corona mystery” when the so-called nanoflares are identified with the AQN annihilation events in corona. Secondly, we review a proposal that the recently observed by the Telescope Array puzzling events is a result of the annihilation events of the AQNs under thunderstorm. Finally, we overview a broadband strategy which could lead to the discovery the AQN-induced axions representing the heart of the construction.

The mysterious bursts observed by telescope array and axion quark nuggets

Telescope array (TA) experiment has recorded [, ] several short time bursts of air shower like events. These bursts are very distinct from conventional cosmic ray single showers, and are found to be strongly correlated with lightnings. We propose that these bursts represent the direct manifestation of the dark matter annihilation events within the so-called axion quark nugget (AQN) model, which was originally invented for completely different purpose to explain the observed similarity between the dark and the visible components in the Universe, i.e. ΩDM ∼ Ωvisible without any fitting parameters. We support this proposal by demonstrating that the observations [, ], including the frequency of appearance, temporal and spatial distributions, intensity, and other related observables are nicely match the emission features of the AQNs propagating in the atmosphere under thunderstorm. We propose to test these ideas by reanalyzing the existing data by increasing the cutoff time scale Δt = 1 ms for the bursts. We also suggest to test this proposal by analyzing the correlations with proper infrasound and seismic instruments. We also suggest to search for the radio signal with frequency ν ∈ (3–300) MHz which must be synchronized with bursts.

The Role of Visibility in Silent Speech Tongue Movements: A Kinematic Study of Consonants.

Purpose To better understand the role of tongue visibility in speech, this study compared the spatiotemporal patterns of silent versus audible speech for lingual consonants of American English. Kinematic data were obtained for articulatory features assumed to be visually salient, including tongue movement (anterior displacement and midsagittal area), lip aperture, and consonant duration. Method Electromagnetic articulography was used to measure 11 native speakers' productions of five consonants (/ɡ/, /w/, /ɹ/, /l/, and /ð/), selected to represent a continuum of tongue visibility. Nonword consonant-vowel syllables were elicited during a procedure designed to convey a dyadic communication environment. A method of kinematic-based consonant segmentation was developed for data processing, and results were analyzed with repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results Findings indicated increased consonant duration and lip aperture in the silent condition (vs. audible) for all five consonants. Tongue forward displacement was slightly greater in the silent condition, compared to audible, for all consonants except /ɡ/, the only consonant without a visible tongue component. In addition, the extent of tongue forwarding in silent speech corresponded with the degree of tongue visibility. Conclusion During silent speech, talkers increased their lip aperture and consonant duration and tended to shift their tongues forward for the most visible lingual consonants, suggesting that talkers may be aware at some level of the need to increase articulatory visibility of the tongue in the presence of an interlocutor during adverse speech conditions.

Synthesis, design and use of new BiOBr/Ag@TCPP and BiOBr/Ag@SnTCPP nanocomposites for degradation of dye pollutant

Abstract One important topic to recovery the photocatalytic process is to prevent the recombination of electrons and holes generated by light excitation of the photocatalyst. Different strategies have been used such as a composite of compounds is an appropriative way to reduce the recombination. On the other hand, to optimize the use of visible light , components can composite with visible active components. In this article, to more using solar light and more activation of composite in visible light, sensitization with porphyrin and tin porphyrin complex was carried out. As a result, we reported on the synthesis of BiOBr/Ag@TCPP and BiOBr/Ag@SnTCPP nanocomposites. The nanocomposites were characterized by the XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM equipped with EDS, Raman, and UV–vis DRS analytical techniques. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activity of nanocomposites sensitized with porphyrin for photodegradation of methyl orange (MO) as model organic pollutant were investigated. The maximum degradation efficiency of 95% is achieved under visible light irradiation in 240 min. The photocatalytic performance of BiOBr/Ag@TCPP and BiOBr/Ag@SnTCPP nanocomposites is much higher than that of BiOBr/Ag.

A145 ENDOSCOPICALLY NON-VISIBLE INTERVAL COLONIC ADENOCARCINOMA DESPITE HIGH-QUALITY SURVEILLANCE.

Abstract Background Colonoscopy remains the gold-standard for screening and surveillance of colorectal cancer (CRC). Regular colonoscopy with polypectomy has been associated with reduced CRC incidence and mortality. However, interval CRC, defined as cancer diagnosed between initial screening and subsequent surveillance colonoscopies, occurs at rates of 2–14%. Identified risk factors for interval cancers include patient-related factors (older age, diverticular disease, proximal CRC), endoscopy-related factors (colonoscopy by non-gastroenterologists or in an outpatient setting; endoscopists with low rates of completion, adenoma detection or polypectomy) and biologic factors (microsatellite instability (MSI), CpG island methylation). We report a patient with interval metastatic ileo-cecal adenocarcinoma despite multiple, high-quality surveillance colonoscopies, not endoscopically visible as no visible intra-luminal mucosal component was present. Aims To describe a case of an interval CRC without an endoscopically visible intra-luminal component. Methods Case description and literature review. Results A 69-year-old male, with a history of multiple advanced colonic polyps requiring multiple surveillance colonoscopies and polypectomies, presented with symptoms of bowel obstruction. An abdominal CT scan revealed findings of terminal ileitis and upstream small bowel obstruction. Colonoscopy was performed, revealing obstruction of the ileo-cecal valve with a firm cecal submucosal lesion without abnormal overlying mucosal abnormalities. Exploratory laparoscopy revealed a mass at the ileo-cecal valve with associated peritoneal deposits. A right hemicolectomy was performed, and pathological examination demonstrated metastatic invasive adenocarcinoma involving the cecum, the terminal ileum and ileo-cecal valve without extension into the lumen or formation of an overt polypoid mass. The tumour extended into the wall of the distal ileum in a circumferential fashion, involving the immediate deep serosa, but with only minimal, focal mucosal ileal involvement and no overt polypoid mass. An independent review of the case and resection specimen by a second pathologist confirmed absence of significant ileal or colonic mucosal involvement and no obstructing intraluminal component. Conclusions This case illustrates a rare presentation of an interval CRC that was not identified despite several high-quality surveillance colonoscopies, as only minimal mucosal involvement was present. As endoscopy remains the gold-standard for early detection and removal of pre-malignant lesions and early malignancy, the patient’s presentation with interval malignant bowel obstruction and metastatic disease, despite adequate quality surveillance, demonstrates an inherent limitation of colonoscopy. To our knowledge, this is only the third documented case of endoscopically non-visible interval CRC. Funding Agencies NoneNone

N-body Self-consistent Stellar-halo Modeling of the Fornax Dwarf Galaxy

Abstract We present nearly self-consistent stellar-halo models of the Fornax dwarf spheroidal galaxy associated with the Milky Way galaxy. Such galaxies are dominated by dark matter and have almost no gas in the system. Therefore, they are excellent objects for N-body modeling that takes into account visible and dark matter halo components. In order to model the dark matter halo inferred from the analysis of the measured velocities of Fornax's stars, we constructed several self-consistent quasi-equilibrium models based on two source code sets. One of them (GalactICS Software, NEMO) deals with the self-consistent distribution function modeling that depends on the energy E and vertical component of the angular momentum L z . The other is included in the AGAMA framework and is based on Schwarzschild's calculation of orbits. It can reproduce the nonspherical self-consistent structure of Fornax as the weighted sum of orbit contributions to the galactic density even though the inferred dark halo parameters come from Jeans analysis, which does not require that any distribution functions be positive. To guess the parameters that make the N-body models close to the visible object, we use the stellar dark matter model of the Fornax galaxy based on hydrodynamic axisymmetric Jeans equations taking into account the velocity anisotropy parameter. Then, we studied the evolution of the models by performing N-body simulations with the falcON code in order to test their stability. The variability of the model parameters over time was obtained during simulations. The AGAMA models show the best agreement of the resulting velocity dispersion profiles with the observed data.

An Analysis of Marine Tourism Object Development as A Contribution Towards Community Welfare in Lamongan District

The development of marine tourism area is one of the forms of tourist management areas which strive and aim to provide benefits, especially for the protection, preservation and utilization of tourism potential and environmental services of natural resources, specifically in coastal areas. In the development of marine tourism areas, it is necessary to determine the exact location of each region so that there is no imbalance between the residential growth with marine tourism areas which being managed and utilized for recreational activities. The welfare of the community can be seen from various components that can describe whether the community is already in a prosperous life or not. Visible components include the state of housing in which they live, the level of education, and health. The role of the tourism sector, especially marine tourism in Lamongan City, can be seen from its contribution to gross regional domestic product (PDRB) in terms of labor absorption and business opportunities. The increasing contribution of the trade sector, hotels, and restaurants donated to gross regional domestic product (PDRB), are an overview of the role of the tourism sector. The purpose of this study can be described as follows: 1). To find out how extent the influence of marine tourism development on community welfare in Lamongan District. 2). To find out how extent the influence of marine tourism development on GDRP growth in Lamongan District. For the method of the study, primary data collection was conducted by interview and observation, while secondary data was obtained from Lamongan Tourism Office as well as literature study, who’s the data is in the form of general conditions and the number of visitors in the area.