Virtual Concert Research Articles

Reverberation divergence in VR applications

This project aimed to investigate the correlation between virtual reality (VR) imagery and ambisonic sound. With the increasing popularity of VR applications, understanding how sound is perceived in virtual environments is crucial for enhancing the immersiveness of the experience. In the experiment, participants were immersed in a virtual environment that replicated a concert hall. Their task was to assess the correspondence between sound scenes (which differed in reverberation times and their characteristics) and the observed invariant visual scene. The research was conducted using paired tests. Participants were asked to identify the sound scene they considered more closely matched the concert hall seen in the VR goggles for each pair. Each sound scene differed in the employed impulse response. All the impulse responses were recorded in real venues such as concert halls, auditoriums, churches, etc. To provide a realistic auditory experience, the sound scenes were processed using third-order ambisonics and decoded using binaural techniques with HRTFs. The virtual concert hall was generated using the Unreal Engine and was the same for all the tests. One of the major conclusions drawn from the conducted research was confirming the role of spatial sound in creating immersive VR experiences. The study demonstrated that appropriately matching spatial sound to the VR visual scene is essential for achieving complete immersion. Additionally, expectations and preferences regarding reverberation characteristics in different types of spaces were discovered. These findings have significant implications for the design of virtual environments, and understanding these aspects can contribute to improving VR technology and creating more immersive and realistic virtual experiences for users.

Optimized multiscale deep bidirectional gated recurrent neural network fostered practical teaching of university music course

Music education has a rich historical background. Nevertheless, the introduction of modern teaching methods is relatively delayed. In recent years, there has been a remarkable acceleration in the advancement of music education. A promising tool that has emerged to revolutionize education as a whole is Virtual Reality (VR) technology, which offers immersive and interactive experiences across various disciplines. At the university level, integrating VR technology into music education opens up exciting opportunities to enhance practical teaching methods and provide students with enriched musical experiences. Virtual Reality together with Internet of Things (IoT) demonstrates its capabilities in various tasks, but its widespread availability in online learning remainders a pressing challenge that needs to be addressed. In pre-processing, it removes noise data using Dynamic Context-Sensitive Filtering (DCSF). VR technology creates an unparalleled learning environment, it transporting students to virtual concert halls, recording studios, or historical music venues. Hence the Multiscale deep bidirectional gated recurrent neural Network (MDBGNN) improves the practical teaching of music course concept, like Music theory, harmony, and rhythm can be visualized and experienced in VR. Finally, Dung Beetle Optimization Algorithm (DBOA) is employed to optimize the weight parameters of MDBGNN. The proposed MDBGNN-DBO-UMC-VRT is implemented in Python. The proposed method is analysed with the help of performance metrics, like precision, accuracy, F1-score, Recall (Sensitivity), Specificity, Error rate, Computation time and RoC. The proposed MDBGNN-DBO-UMC-VRT method attains 13.11%, 18.12% and 18.73% high specificity, 11.13%, 11.04% and 19.51% lower computation Time, 15.29%, 15.365% and 14.551% higher ROC and 13.65%, 15.98%, and 17.15% higher Accuracy compared with existing methods, such as Enhancing Vocal Music Teaching through the Fusion of Artificial Intelligence Algorithms and VR Technology (CNN-UMC-VRT), Exploring the Efficacy of VR Technology in Augmenting Music Art Teaching (BPNN-UMC-VRT) and Implementing an Interactive Music-Assisted Teaching System Using VR Technology (DNN-UMC-VRT) respectively.

NOTION OF TREND "PHYGITAL" IN CULTURE

In today’s rapidly changing world, new trends, technologies and no-tions, combining various aspects of the digital age, are actualized. In the cul-tural environment, an actual phenomenon is the phygital world «thrown» into everyday life as a marketing move and claiming an ideological position in fu-ture. Phygital art is becoming an important part of the creative and media in-dustry, bringing investment and aesthetic attractiveness to the creation of vir-tual concert programs, films, games and exhibitions. The purpose of the study is to generalize and fix the phenomenon «phygital» in the cultural environment and determine its mechanisms and essential characteristics.

Teleconference group singing programs for well‐being of healthy older adults and persons with neurocognitive disorders during the COVID‐19 pandemic

AbstractBackgroundDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic, older adults experienced a marked decline in well‐being, attributed largely to social isolation (Tilburg et al, 2021; Krendl et al, 2021). Previous literature shows that participatory musical interventions, like group singing, improve well‐being and provide social and emotional support (Pentikäinen et al, 2021; Johnson et al, 2020). However, the pandemic highlighted the need for research on how such programs may be administered in an online setting. The enforced shutdown of in‐person choirs in 2021 provided an opportunity for such assessment.MethodTwo types of group choir programs were conducted via teleconferencing. One program engaged participants in sing‐along to familiar music only, offered weekly (52 in 2021). The other involved structured rehearsals (14 sessions) where participants learned choir music, culminating in a recorded "virtual concert”. Program participants were 55 and older, divided into persons with neurocognitive disorders (NcD) and cognitively healthy individuals (CH). Self‐report assessments of the programs were solicited. Four Likert scale questions covered anxiety, social connections, physical well‐being, and “other” areas of well‐being. Two free response questions requested elaboration on other well‐being improvement.ResultResults of Likert scales indicated at least moderate improvements in all measured aspects of well‐being. Feedback was overwhelmingly positive (>95%). Free response analysis revealed 7 themes, the most prominent being emotional, social, and intellectual well‐being. 87% of respondents mentioned positive effects on well‐being. Intellectual well‐being was mentioned with significant frequency by choir participants versus sing‐along (p = 0.02). While the NcD choir group was small, hampering statistical power, clear trends were present; 40% of participants in the NcD choir highlighted social well‐being (25‐29% in other groups), and 20% discussed improvements to physical well‐being (0‐6% in other groups).ConclusionOnline group music programs administered during the COVID‐19 pandemic showed improvements in overall measures of well‐being, with different programs and participants highlighting specific aspects. These results establish feasibility for such programs as a method for providing meaningful improvement to well‐being in older adults, providing stability and connection amidst a time of disruption and isolation.

Voices of Musicians: Virtual Live Bedside Music Concerts in Inpatient Care.

The COVID-19 pandemic presented unprecedented challenges to patients, family members, and healthcare staff that resulted in increased stress and isolation and decreased quality of life. We evaluate the impact of a novel virtual concert program, the Vital Sounds Initiative (VSI) of Project: Music Heals Us (PMHU), which began at the beginning of the pandemic to combat patient isolation and provide employment to professional musicians. Using a qualitative analysis of VSI data, we examined post-concert written responses by musicians. These responses were coded by independent coders via inductive coding and thematic analysis. Between 7 April 2020 and 20 July 2022, 192 musicians played 2203 h of music for 11,222 audience members in 39 care facilities nationwide. A total of 114 musicians submitted a total of 658 responses. Three main themes (with corresponding subthemes) arose: (1) Patient Experience; (2) Musician Experience; (3) Caregiver (family or staff) Experience. The responses offered valuable insight into the overwhelmingly positive aspects of the virtual concerts. Overall, we found that VSI favorably impacts individuals at every level, including the patients, musician, and caregivers. These findings provide preliminary evidence for the benefits of virtual music concerts. Upscaling similar virtual music interventions/programs should be considered.

Use of Virtual Reality and auralization as a training tool for acoustic practitioners

Room acoustic qualities for performance spaces are described, including in ISO 3382-1:2009, in objective metrics such as reverberance, clarity (C80), early lateral energy fraction (JLF) or late lateral sound level (LJ). For acoustic practitioners, an understanding of these parameters and their subjective perception in venues is necessary to describe existing acoustic conditions and carry out acoustic designs of venues. Gaining practical experience of venues to understand the changes in acoustic qualities can be difficult for various reasons. Virtual Reality (VR) technology, combined with auralization from 3-D room impulse responses, generated by computer acoustic modeling of virtual spaces, makes it possible to generate virtual listening experiences to demonstrate room acoustic qualities. This presentation describes the development of a VR training video demonstrating various room acoustic qualities in a virtual concert hall. The video was intended for training of acoustic consultants to recognize and differentiate changes in room acoustic parameters for performance spaces. The VR video presented a number of scenarios where each showed a primary change in one of the qualities, through targeted manipulation of the virtual space. Following deployment of the training video, feedback was taken from users to assess the usefulness of the format for training purposes.

XDN-Based Network Framework Design to Communicate Interaction in Virtual Concerts with Metaverse Platforms

In the trend of transforming existing systems and services into non-face-to-face models, the concert industry is also showing movements toward transitioning to virtual formats. Physical concerts in the real world require venues that can accommodate hundreds to tens of thousands of spectators, but non-face-to-face methods that can accommodate large audiences face various limitations. Moreover, to elevate the satisfaction level of virtual concert attendees to that of real-world concerts, it is important to implement interaction between performers and audiences. Modern metaverse platforms apply cutting-edge network technologies to accommodate numerous users within a single channel. Many researchers are adopting network technologies such as SDN (software-defined networking) and CDN (content delivery network) to set up a virtual concert that can accommodate large audiences. In this paper, we propose a network framework to be designed for the composition of virtual concerts. In particular, we separate a channel dedicated to interaction in order to provide an immersive experience of exchanging interactions between performers and audiences. As massive audiences transmitting interaction data to the performer in a 1:N format can lead to problems with acceptance and latency, this study introduces a concept of a channel form called ‘Zone’ and proposes an interaction data channel network framework that does not compromise immersion. The proposed framework supports tasks for effectively transmitting interaction data using network technologies for metaverse platforms such as XDN and clustering algorithms such as fuzzy c-means. We also suggest a CDN-based architecture that can ensure low latency for performers to transmit interaction data to the audience.

Evaluating Influencing Factors of Audiences' Attitudes toward Virtual Concerts: Evidence from China.

The purpose of this study is to investigate and validate the influencing factors of audiences' attitudes toward virtual concerts. In order to address this issue, the current study proposes a conceptual model integrating player experience factors (autonomy, relatedness, and engagement) and the technology acceptance model (perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and perceived enjoyment). An online questionnaire on virtual concert experiences was conducted among Chinese audiences who had attended virtual concerts previously. Structural equation modeling was then used to establish the relationships between variables. The results suggested that autonomy, relatedness, and engagement positively impacted perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and perceived enjoyment. Furthermore, the perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and perceived enjoyment were significant predictors of audiences' attitudes. The findings of this study could provide a reference for relevant virtual entertainment providers and could also serve as a point of development and exploration for the technology acceptance model and player experience in the field of virtual concerts.

Concert experiences in virtual reality environments

Spurred by recent advances in digital technologies, virtual concerts have become established modes for event attendance and represent a rapidly growing segment of the music industry. Yet, up to now, general experience of virtual concert attendees remains largely underexplored. Here, we focus on a subcategory in this domain: music concerts in virtual reality (VR). Our approach is situated within the theoretical framework of embodied music cognition and entailed investigation through a survey study. Responses of seventy-four VR concert attendees were collected, consisting of demographics, motivations, experiences, and future perspectives. In contrast to previous research, which generally identified social connectedness as a main motivator for concert attendance, our sample regarded it as one of the least important incentives. On the other hand, in line with previous studies, ‘seeing specific artists perform’ and ‘uniqueness of the experience’, were pivotal. The latter was mostly fueled by the possibility to experience/interact with visuals and environments considered as unconceivable in the real world. Furthermore, 70% of our sample regarded VR concerts as ‘the future of the music industry’, mainly relating to the accessibility of such events. Positive evaluations of VR concert experiences, as well as future perspectives regarding the medium, were significantly influenced by the level of experienced immersivity. To our knowledge, this is the first study to provide such an account.

Holographic ABBA: Examining Fan Responses to ABBA’s Virtual “Live” Concert

ABSTRACT In 2021, ABBA reunited, released a new album, Voyage, and announced holographic concerts featuring their digital avatars or “ABBAtars.” Using visual effects and motion capture technology, these performances create a realistic illusion without physical presence. This study analyzed reactions to these virtual musicians, highlighting concerns of ageism, undermining live music, and profit-driven motives. While the public was excited to “experience” ABBA again, there was speculation about the nature of a virtual concert.

MetaMGC: a music generation framework for concerts in metaverse

In recent years, there has been a national craze for metaverse concerts. However, existing meta-universe concert efforts often focus on immersive visual experiences and lack consideration of the musical and aural experience. But for concerts, it is the beautiful music and the immersive listening experience that deserve the most attention. Therefore, enhancing intelligent and immersive musical experiences is essential for the further development of the metaverse. With this in mind, we propose a metaverse concert generation framework — from intelligent music generation to stereo conversion and sound field design for virtual concert stages. First, combining the ideas of reinforcement learning and value functions, the Transformer-XL music generation network is improved and used in training all the music in the POP909 dataset. Experiments show that both improved algorithms have advantages over the original method in terms of objective evaluation and subjective evaluation metrics. In addition, this paper validates a neural rendering method that can be used to generate spatial audio based on a binaural-integrated neural network with a fully convolutional technique. And the purely data-driven end-to-end model performs to be more reliable compared with traditional spatial audio generation methods such as HRTF. Finally, we propose a metadata-based audio rendering algorithm to simulate real-world acoustic environments.

Virtual Music Concert as a Transformation of Autistic Individual Art Performance during the Covid-19

During the Covid-19 pandemic, changes in the platform for expressing themselves through art performance are also faced by autistic individuals. This is certainly a challenge because music is a way that is used by autistic individuals to express themselves. Supporting by social media like YouTube; platform transformation brings ideas for art performance organizers so that autistic individuals can continue to perform, one of which is through the Autism Awareness Festival. Through computer-mediated communication models and diffusion of innovation theory, this study aims to dissect how the adaptation process that occurs in autistic individuals conveys self-expression through performance and digital art performance models in the form of virtual concerts, and how the concept of virtual art performance communicates the big message from the AAF. This study uses a qualitative method. Data collection techniques through FGDs were divided into two groups of AAF participants; and one group of participating parents. In-depth interviews were conducted with the organizers and accompanying teachers. The result shows that the concept of virtual concert can be applied to autistic individuals. The process that occurs in these conditions looks unique at the stages of the period in which there are adaptations and rejections. At the stage of the social system that must be targeted first are parents and aides; as a support system that becomes a bridge to explain a new concept. Autistic individuals have a very small and close environment, so input from parents and guardians is the most trusted source of information for them.

VEEMEE : ARCHITECTURE DESIGN OF WEBSITE FOR 3D VIRTUAL SHOW

In the pandemic, the stress level due to the covid- 19 outbreak has increased. Now the entertainment industry is required to provide a variety of entertainment so that people's stress levels will reduce. The impact of high-stress levels can lead to social, economic issues. Therefore stress and mental illness need to be solved immediately. This research aims to reduce people's stress levels because of the covid-19 outbreak. To achieve that aim, the researcher presents a solution in the form of an application and website of a virtual concert that will be held in 3D. The target to be achieved in this research is that this media is expected to reduce people's stress levels and develop entertainment in the music industry. In developing this research, the researcher conducted design thinking research and data collection methods by questionnaire. Although the solution provided is in the form of a website, it is possible to be developed into an application.

Virtual Concert As The New Lifestyle During Covid-19

This study focuses on the virtual concert phenomenon as a new form of adaptation during the COVID-19 period. observe how media transitions affect communication processes and create new lifestyles. This pandemic era changed the order of human life in various social, cultural, and economic aspects. Humans must innovate in this era which then leads to the shift of humans in the use of communication and information technology. This research takes Prambanan Jazz as one of the biggest music concerts and has a cultural background. This international event is one of the biggest music concerts in Indonesia because it has cultural values as identity. Prambanan Jazz is now performing virtual concerts due to the pandemic. The year 2020 is the first year that Prambanan Jazz will perform its virtual concert. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the changes that occur in the communication process during this new model. This research is descriptive qualitative by using Convergence theory. Convergence sees that there is a shift and also the incorporation of old media into new media that can be accessed anywhere and anytime. Convergence offers easy access, and also brings new habits for people who can create new lifestyles. The results show that virtual concerts create a new lifestyle for people because of the transition from direct to indirect forms of communication.

COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT IN VIRTUAL CONCERTS

<p class="Normal1"><span lang="EN">So far, technological advances have encouraged the formation of new patterns of life, with creative and innovative ideas, concepts, and thoughts. In the music industry, for example, various digital media and virtual concert venues have developed as a form of breakthrough in dealing with various obstacles due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Virtual concerts are interesting to study because they allow the Author to announce his creation for the first time as the basis for the existence of a Copyright and perform musical performances, including choreographed works. However, on the other hand, it eases other people to fix or record the virtual concert without permission, then distribute it for commercial purposes. In this regard, normatively, the Copyright Law has norms to prohibit such illegal acts. Having said this, this research is addressed to examine how the regulation and implementation of the Copyright Law is for the choreographic works performed in Virtual Music Concerts. The type of research utilizes normative juridical with empirical juridical support. In the perspective of legal certainty, the results of the study conclude that choreographic works do not include works that are managed by the National Collective Management Organization’s potential royalty revenue, as is the case with song and/or musical creations. Therefore, to achieve legal certainty in copyright protection, the authority of the National Collective Management Organization needs to be broadened to include the management of royalties for the use of choreographic works for commercial purposes which has implications for the revision of the Copyright Law and Government Regulation No. 56/2021.</span></p>

The Influence of Geographical Information System and Experiential Marketing on Interest in Watching Virtual Concerts during A Pandemic (Survey of Generation Z in Bandung City)

More than one year, worldwide faced with the Covid-19 Virus. The pandemic that occurred because of this virus resulted in many restrictions on activities in the community, including entertainment activities such as watching music concerts. Musicians around the world started losing job offers at the start of the pandemic. Organizers of music events and artists began to think about how to carry out these activities. People as music lovers feel the longing for live concert activities during the pandemic;virtual concerts are an alternative answer to anxiety, especially for Generation Z as music lovers. This research was conducted to find out how the experience of virtual concert goers towards the interest in watching virtual concerts again in the future;a survey was conducted on Generation Z in the city of Bandung. Additionally, the study has also investigated the role of geographical information system on the interest in watching concerts. The research design is descriptive and verification, with a sample of 120 respondents, namely community groups born from 1995 to 2005, who have watched virtual concerts. The results showed that experiential had an effect of 35.1% and the rest was influenced by other variables not examined. The results of the study showed that the geographical information system results in greater change in watching the virtual concerts as compared to the experiential marketing. © 2021 RIGEO. All Rights Reserved.

Corona Concerts: The Effect of Virtual Concert Characteristics on Social Connection and Kama Muta.

The popularity of virtual concerts increased as a result of the social distancing requirements of the coronavirus pandemic. We aimed to examine how the characteristics of virtual concerts and the characteristics of the participants influenced their experiences of social connection and kama muta (often labeled “being moved”). We hypothesized that concert liveness and the salience of the coronavirus would influence social connection and kama muta. We collected survey responses on a variety of concert and personal characteristics from 307 participants from 13 countries across 4 continents. We operationalized social connection as a combination of feelings and behaviors and kama muta was measured using the short kama muta scale (Zickfeld et al., 2019). We found that (1) social connection and kama muta were related and predicted by empathic concern, (2) live concerts produced more social connection, but not kama muta, than pre-recorded concerts, and (3) the salience of the coronavirus during concerts predicted kama muta and this effect was completely mediated by social connection. Exploratory analyses also examined the influence of social and physical presence, motivations for concert attendance, and predictors of donations. This research contributes to the understanding of how people can connect socially and emotionally in virtual environments.

Digital Fandom Engagement Through Virtual Live-Streaming Concert During Covid-19: The Effect of Perceived Interactivity on Presence, Enjoyment, Fan-Artist Relationship, and Ewom

Digital Fandom Engagement Through Virtual Live-Streaming Concert During Covid-19: The Effect of Perceived Interactivity on Presence, Enjoyment, Fan-Artist Relationship, and Ewom

Auditory perception stability evaluation comparing binaural and loudspeaker Ambisonic presentations of dynamic virtual concert auralizations.

Auralizations can be computed in a variety of ways as well as be rendered over different sound reproduction systems. They are used as a design tool in architectural projects and for fundamental studies on spatial perception and cognition, hence requiring reliability and confidence in the obtained results. This study assessed this reliability through auditory perception stability by comparing the perceived differences between two rendering systems for a given set of second-order Ambisonic auralizations: virtual loudspeaker binaural rendering over head-tracked headphones versus 32-loudspeaker rendering. Anechoic extracts of jazz pieces have been recorded and presented in various acoustic conditions over these two systems, evaluated on the following criteria: Readability, distance, listener envelopment (LEV), apparent source width (ASW), reverberance, and loudness. Results show that consistent significant differences between scene conditions are comparably perceived across the two systems. However, significant effects of the sound reproduction system were observed for ASW, LEV, and reverberance in some configurations.

Children Virtual Concert in the Covid-19 Pandemic

Purpose: This article aims to see a children virtual concert held by La Prima Course and Bandung Philharmonic. Both of them held an online concert in June 2020, when the world was entering new normal era due to Covid-19 pandemic. Research methods: The method used in writing this article is descriptive-qualitative by observing watching two virtual concert and long-distance interviews through social media. Results and discussion: Children virtual concert have a positive impact for children as activities at home during the Covid-19 pandemic. Other impacts were also felt by the organizers so that the organizers were enthusiastic to routinely hold virtual performances. Implication: Covid-19 pandemic makes virtual performance a cost-effective and attractive choice for organizers, children, and parents who concern about art.