Violent Behavior In Children Research Articles

HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PATERNAL POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION (PPD) TERHADAP RESIKO PERILAKU KEKERASAN PADA ANAK DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS PULO LOR KABUPATEN JOMBANG

People often think that only mothers can experience postpartum depression. However, in fact, many fathers experience postpartum depression and it is not handled well because fathers are often silent and prioritize the welfare of the family. This results in suppressed emotions and the risk of violent behavior in children. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the level of paternal postpartum depression and the risk of violent behavior in children in the Pulo Lor Public Health Center working area, Jombang Regency. This research is a correlational analytical research using the cross sectional method. The total sampling technique was used in this research using 150 respondents with the characteristics of a father aged 15 - 30 years who had just had their first child or second child within a year of the couple's postpartum period. Data analysis in this study used the Spearman's rho statistical test, resulting in r = 0.010. The results of this study show that there is a relationship between the level of paternal postpartum depression and the risk of violent behavior in children in the work area of the Jombang district health center.

Edukasi Shaken Baby Syndrome Sebagai Upaya Mencegah Perilaku Kekerasan Anak Di Masyarakat

Introduction: The background to this community service emerged due to increasing violence in the care of shaken babies, which can have a negative impact on child development. The aim of this service is to provide education to parents and caregivers about safe and caring care for babies, so that they can prevent incidents of shaken baby syndrome and cases of violence against children. Method: This Community Service uses a pre-post test design method to determine the level of knowledge of fathers before and after providing educational outreach on shaken baby syndrome (SBS). The population in this activity were fathers aged 18 – 30 years who had just had a child or had a second child within a year of the couple's postpartum period, numbering 150 people. The sample used in this activity was 60 people using a sampling technique, namely cluster area random sampling. Results: The results of this study showed that there was an increase in knowledge between before and after being provided with education about shaken baby syndrome (SBS), namely that 38 respondents (63.3%) had a sufficient level of knowledge about shaken baby syndrome (Shaken Baby Syndrome). SBS). Conclusion: Increasing knowledge about shaken baby syndrome is a key step in efforts to prevent violent behavior in children.

GAMBARAN MEKANISME KOPING DAN BURNOUT PADA ORANG TUA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19

The change situation during the Covid-19 pandemic is a challenge for parents to raise their children. The role of parents during a pandemic can lead to burnout which causes emotional problems so there is a risk of violent behavior in children. Coping mechanisms are needed by parents to adapt difficult situations during a pressing pandemic. This study aimed to describe the coping mechanisms and burnout among parents of elementary school students during the Covid-19 pandemic. The design of this research was descriptive quantitative with a cross sectional approach. The sample size used were 261 parents of students from SDK ST. Maria Immaculata Tabanan and SD Negeri 1 Sembung Gede were selected used the proportional stratified random sampling. The results showed that the parents of elementary school students were in the late adult age category with a median value of 39 years old. Most of the parents in this study were female, college educated, married, had two child and were still working. The results of statistical tests showed that as many as 52,9% of parents used adaptive coping mechanisms and 47,1% of parents used maladaptive coping mechanisms. The results of the analysis of the burnout rate of parents are in the low category as much as 25,7%, the moderate burnout category as much as 49,4% and the high burnout category as much as 24,9%. It was concluded that most of the parents of elementary school students in this study used adaptive coping mechanisms and had moderate burnout levels during the Covid-19 pandemic.

An Overview of Aggressive Behaviors in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) frequently exhibit symptoms of irritability and aggression, which may appear as tantrums, self-injury, and violent behaviors. As a result, parents often bring their children to the emergency room or seek psychiatric treatment. Aggression refers to conduct that poses a threat or inflicts injury by bodily or verbal actions, such as striking, biting, hurling things, or using offensive language against another individual. Aggressive behaviors can detrimentally impact the patient's quality of life, increase their stress levels, and hinder their ability to get educational and social assistance. A multidisciplinary approach is crucial for assessing patients and selecting the most effective treatment. Both non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic treatments are available to address violent behavior in children with ASD. As a health practitioner, it is crucial to understand the circumstances that might trigger aggressiveness in children with ASD and possess the knowledge and skills to effectively manage and treat these patients. By doing so, we can optimize their outcomes and enhance their overall quality of life.

Efektivitas Pelatihan Positive Parenting Terhadap Penurunan Kecenderungan Perilaku Kekerasan Orang Tua Pada Anak di Kota Makassar

Violence against children is all forms of hurtful behavior physically and mentally carried out by parents to children. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of positive parenting training on decreasing behavioral tendencies parental violence against children in the city of Makassar. The subjects in this study amounted to 6 parents who have children aged 0-12 years. This study used a quasi-experimental one group pretest posttest design. This study uses a scale of tendencies toward violent behavior in children with a reliability value of 0.849. The results showed that positive parenting training was not effective in reducing the tendency to violence in children, based on the significant value between pretest and posttest (W=2.5 p=0.212). Positive parenting training is not proven to have a significant effect in increasing the knowledge of parents who have a tendency to violent behavior in children. Based on the results, the value (mean=4.67) in the pretest is smaller than the value (mean=5) in the posttest so that there is an increase in the mean of knowledge. This research contributes to parents in order to help them understand positive parenting so that they can achieve parenting goals.

Impact of Prosocial Video Games on Violent and Prosocial Behaviour

For long video games have been looked down upon by parents and guardians because of the common stereotype that they lead to aggression, apathy, violent behaviour in children and adolescents. Investigations conducted by social psychologists often agreed that children model the violent behaviour present in the game and behave in line with it, thus resulting in violent and apathetic behaviour. But with the launch of interactional and moral decision-based games, the recent research has yielded surprising results in relation to empathy and prosocial behaviour in the player. Numerous other researches have also suggested that video games can enhance emotional regulation, social interaction with others, it can influence one’s emotional intelligence, promote positive youth development, increase cooperation and reduce in-group bias. Through the means of secondary research this paper aims to understand the impact of prosocial video games on prosocial behaviour. The objective of this paper is to contribute towards breaking down the common myths and stereotypes around video games and bring a new perspective to the audience regarding the benefits of this leisure activity. This paper hypothesises that playing prosocial video games will decrease aggression and increase helpful behaviour. The population in focus is mostly children, adolescents and young adults.

Hubungan Persepsi Siswa-Siswi Sekolah Dasar Terhadap Perilaku Kekerasan Oleh Orang Tua Di Kota Jambi

In Jambi Province, the behavior of violence against children was quite high, reaching 72 children each year. This study is conducted at SDN 47, SDN 69, and SDN 208 Jambi City with a population of 6th grade students with a sample of 90 people. The variables studied consists the types of violence experienced by children, children's perceptions of violence and socio-economic factors that influence the occurrence of violence against children. The aspects of violence against children studied were physical violence, psychological violence, and sexual violence. The aspects of perception are consists of cognition, affection and conation. This research was conducted using descriptive analytical method, in quantitative analysis carried out by descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistics using chi square correlation with categorical data types. The results of this study concluded that psychological violence (22%) was mostly experienced by these students. Aspect of children's perceptions of violence can be concluded that these students understand about violence against children and do not agree with violence against children. The socio-economic variables that have a significant relationship with violent behavior are maternal education (0,027) and maternal age (0,041) where the probability value shows a value less than 0.05. It means that maternal education and maternal age are related to violent behavior in children.

Pengaruh Edukasi Family Therapy Pada Keluarga Terhadap Pencegahan Perilaku Kekerasan Bullying pada Anak : Literature Review

Keluarga merupakan suatu kelompok sosial yang bersifat langgeng berdasarkan hubungan pernikahan dan hubungan darah. Keluarga yang sehat akan menyumbang terbinanya masyarakat yang sehat. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh edukasi pada keluarga terhadap pencegahan perilaku kekerasan bullying pada anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Literature review yang relevan ditinjau mengikuti pencarian dari 3 database yaitu ProQuest, Science Direct, dan Google Scholar. Tahun pencarian dibatasi 5 tahun teakhir dari 2014-2019 untuk memastikan penelitian yang terinklude up-to-date. Review ini mengidentifikasi 7 artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Artikel menggunakan desain Quasi eksperimen yaitu 1 artikel, 3 sistematik review dan integrative review, 1 kuantitatif, 1 kualitatif, Uji coba terkontrol secara acak. Dari 7artikel yang terpilih, 4 artikel fokus pada perilaku kekerasan pada anak, remaja dan bullying, dan 3 artikel berfokus pada terapi keluarga terhadap anak. Dengan kesimpulan bahwa Terapi keluarga adalah cara keluarga untuk belajar bagaimana menjaga hubungan keluarga yang sehat, berkomunikasi secara efektif dengan anggota keluarga, dan bekerja sama untuk menyelesaikan masalah keluarga. Komunikasi dalam keluarga menjadi lebih baik ketika setiap anggota keluarga dapat mengungkapkan apa yang tidak mereka sukai dan keinginan mereka kepada anggota keluarga lainnya dan kemudian menemukan solusi bersama.

The Effect Of Family Therapy Toward Prevention Of Violent Behavior In Child: A Literature Review

Family is lasting a social group based on marriage and blood relations. The family plays an important role in the inheritance of the noble values of life for future generations. A healthy family will contribute to the development of a healthy society. This aims to find out the effect of the education system of family therapy on the prevention of violence in children. This research uses relevant Literature review which is reviewed following the search from 3 databases. They are ProQuest, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The search year is limited to the last 5 years from 2014-2019 to ensure the latest included research, using the keyword "therapy family AND Communication AND violent behavior AND child”. This review identifies 6 articles based on inclusion criteria. The article uses a Quasi-experimental design which is 1 article, 3 systematic reviews, and integrative review, 1 quantitative, 1 qualitative, randomized controlled trial. Of the 6 articles selected, 3 articles focus on violent behavior in children and adolescents and 3 articles focus on family communication towards children. Family therapy is the family to learn how to keep a healthy family relationship, communicate effectively with family members, and work cooperatively to solve family problems. This type of therapy is unique because the problem is seen through a wider lens and as part of a complex family system. Communication in the family becomes better when each family member can express what they don’t like and their desires to other family members and then find a solution together

Association of Breakfast Intake with Psychiatric Distress and Violent Behaviors in Iranian Children and Adolescents: The CASPIAN- IV Study.

To assess the relationship of breakfast intake with psychiatric distress and violent behaviors among Iranian children and adolescents. This national survey was conducted among 14,880 students, aged 6-18y. They were selected by stratified multistage sampling method from urban and rural areas of 30 provinces of Iran. Breakfast intake, psychiatric distress, and violent behaviors were assessed by a questionnaire prepared based on the Global school-based student health survey of the World Health Organization. The data were analyzed by the STATA package. The participation rate was 90.6%. The percentage of psychiatric distress among breakfast skippers, semi-skippers and non-skippers was 13.4-50.4, 10.1-41.9, and 7.0-33.3% respectively. The prevalence of psychiatric distress was significantly higher among breakfast skippers than semi-skippers and non-skippers (P value < 0.001). The frequency of psychiatric distress had a significant decreasing trend from breakfast skippers to non-skippers. The prevalence of violent behaviors was significantly higher among breakfast skippers than non-skippers. Students who skipped breakfast reported to be more victimized (29.2% vs. 26.7%, respectively, P = 0.04), bullied (21.0% vs. 16.2%, respectively, P < 0.001), and had more physical fight (42.6% vs. 38.5%, respectively, P = 0.0001) than their other counterparts. Students who regularly consumed breakfast were less likely to experience mental health disorders and violent behavior. Adhering to a regular and balanced diet, besides the awareness of parents on the importance of breakfast eating, may be an appropriate approach for preventing mental health problems and violent behavior in children and adolescents.

Violence prevention in childhood and adolescence--a brief overview

Aggressive and violent behaviour in children and adolescents can be associated with physical and psychological health effects continuing into adulthood. Early programs for violence prevention in childhood and adolescence are intended to prevent or reduce aggressive behaviour in order to decrease the risk for short- and long-term developmental impairments. In a literature review, research findings on prevalence, typical courses of development, and predictors of violent behavior in childhood are first summarized and compared with findings on the frequency, developmental course, and consequences of youth violence. International and German programs for violence prevention in children and adolescents are presented in the context of various settings (family, school, community), target groups (primary vs. secondary prevention) as well as target variables (universal vs. specific). Empirical findings on efficacy testing of violence prevention programs are described and discussed. The presented findings stress the relevance and potential of services for violence prevention for children and adolescents, but also demonstrate the challenges and gaps.

Relationship between leisure time screen activity and aggressive and violent behaviour in Iranian children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-IV Study

Background:This study aimed to assess the relationship between leisure time spent watching television (TV) and at a computer and aggressive and violent behaviour in children and adolescents.Methods:In this nationwide study, 14,880 school students, aged 6–18 years, were selected by cluster and stratified multi-stage sampling method from 30 provinces in Iran. The World Health Organization Global School-based Health Survey questionnaire (WHO-GSHS) was used.Results:Overall, 13,486 children and adolescents (50·8% boys, 75·6% urban residents) completed the study (participation rate 90·6%). The risk of physical fighting and quarrels increased by 29% (OR 1·29, 95% CI 1·19–1·40) with watching TV for >2 hr/day, by 38% (OR 1·38, 95% CI 1·21–1·57) with leisure time computer work of >2 hr/day, and by 42% (OR 1·42, 95% CI 1·28–1·58) with the total screen time of >2 hr/day. Watching TV or leisure time spent on a computer or total screen time of >2 hr/day increased the risk of bullying by 30% (OR 1·30, 95% CI 1·18–1·43), 57% (1·57, 95% CI 1·34–1·85) and 62% (OR 1·62, 95% CI 1·43–1·83). Spending >2 hr/day watching TV and total screen time increased the risk of being bullied by 12% (OR 1·12, 95% CI 1·02–1·22) and 15% (OR 1·15, 95% CI 1·02–1·28), respectively. This relationship was not statistically significant for leisure time spent on a computer (OR 1·10, 95% CI 0·9–1·27).Conclusions:Prolonged leisure time spent on screen activities is associated with violent and aggressive behaviour in children and adolescents. In addition to the duration of screen time, the association is likely to be explained also by the media content.

Relationship between leisure time screen activity and aggressive and violent behaviour in Iranian children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-IV Study.

Background: This study aimed to assess the relationship between leisure time spent watching television (TV) and at a computer and aggressive and violent behaviour in children and adolescents. Methods: In this nationwide study, 14,880 school students, aged 6-18 years, were selected by cluster and stratified multi-stage sampling method from 30 provinces in Iran. The World Health Organization Global School-based Health Survey questionnaire (WHO-GSHS) was used. Results: Overall, 13,486 children and adolescents (50·8% boys, 75·6% urban residents) completed the study (participation rate 90·6%). The risk of physical fighting and quarrels increased by 29% (OR 1·29, 95% CI 1·19-1·40) with watching TV for >2 hr/day, by 38% (OR 1·38, 95% CI 1·21-1·57) with leisure time computer work of >2 hr/day, and by 42% (OR 1·42, 95% CI 1·28-1·58) with the total screen time of >2 hr/day. Watching TV or leisure time spent on a computer or total screen time of >2 hr/day increased the risk of bullying by 30% (OR 1·30, 95% CI 1·18-1·43), 57% (1·57, 95% CI 1·34-1·85) and 62% (OR 1·62, 95% CI 1·43-1·83). Spending >2 hr/day watching TV and total screen time increased the risk of being bullied by 12% (OR 1·12, 95% CI 1·02-1·22) and 15% (OR 1·15, 95% CI 1·02-1·28), respectively. This relationship was not statistically significant for leisure time spent on a computer (OR 1·10, 95% CI 0·9-1·27). Conclusions: Prolonged leisure time spent on screen activities is associated with violent and aggressive behaviour in children and adolescents. In addition to the duration of screen time, the association is likely to be explained also by the media content.

The benefits of aggressive traits: A study with current and former street children in Burundi

Aggressive behavior in children and youths is commonly associated with exposure to violence and maltreatment. Consequently, aggressive behavior has often been explained as a form of reactive behavior in response to violence-inflicted mental suffering. However, perpetrating violence can become appealing, fascinating and exciting, i.e., may acquire appetitive, self-rewarding aspects. We postulated that this appetitive form of aggression reduces the vulnerability for developing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in insecure and violent environments. Furthermore we investigated the extent to which reactive aggression and appetitive aggression account for recent violent behavior in children and youths. We conducted semi-structured interviews in a sample of 112 children and youths (Mage=15.9 years) recruited from the streets, families and a residential center for vulnerable children in Burundi. We investigated the cumulative exposure to traumatic events and to domestic and community violence, assessed the recently committed offenses, the severity of PTSD symptoms, and the potential for reactive and appetitive aggression. Reactive aggression was positively related to PTSD, whilst appetitive aggression was negatively related to PTSD. Children higher in appetitive aggression were also more likely to display violent behavior. These results suggest that an appetitive perception of violence may be an useful adaption to insecure and violent living conditions reducing the vulnerability of children for trauma-related mental disorders. However, positive feelings experienced through violent or cruel behavior are also an important risk factor for ongoing aggressive behavior and therefore need to be considered in prevention strategies.

Neurobiology of violence in children and adolescents

This paper gives a brief insight into the basic concepts of biological theories of personality with the purpose of understanding the personality profile of risk for antisocial behaviour in children and adolescents. The interest for the biological processes underlying the different personality traits and psychopathology in children and adolescents has increased in recent years. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize the results of the previous studies on the role of the personality and following neurobiological systems: testosterone, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal gland axis, autonomic nervous system and monoamine neurotransmitters in violent behaviour in children and adolescents. The effect of interaction of different biological and psychosocial factors, possible interpretations, as well as directions for further investigations are also pointed out. Conclusion – Biological processes play a key role in the genesis of violent behaviour. However, further research should also take into consideration the complexity of their interactive relationship and the impact of various adverse environmental factors.

The effect of midazolam dose and age on the paradoxical midazolam reaction in Korean pediatric patients

BackgroundAlthough midazolam administration may occasionally induce a paradoxical episode, such as threatened crying and violent behavior in children, systematic studies on the causes of paradoxical reaction are limited. We investigated the effect of children's age and a dose of midazolam on the paradoxical reaction.MethodsA total of one hundred sixty four children of 1-3 years and 3-5 years, were enrolled in this study. Each age group randomly received 0.05 mg/kg or 0.1 mg/kg of intravenous midazolam (41 patients/group).ResultsThe incidence of paradoxical midazolam reaction in the study groups, 1-3 years with 0.1 mg/kg of intravenous midazolam, 1-3 years with 0.05 mg/kg, 3-5 years with 0.1 mg/kg, and 3-5 years with 0.05 mg/kg were as follows: 29.3%, 12.2%, 7.3% and 2.4%, respectively. The incidence among the 4 groups was significantly different (P = 0.002), highest in the 1-3 years receiving 0.1 mg/kg of midazolam (29.3%). Both age (P = 0.004, OR [95%CI] = 5.3 [1.7-16.8]) and dose of midazolam (P = 0.036, OR [95%CI] = 3.0 [1.1-8.4]) were risk factors. Perioperative clinical data including anxiety scales of children were not associated with the paradoxical midazolam reaction.ConclusionsIn conclusion, we suggest that children less than 3 years old receiving higher dose of intravenous midazolam are at risk for the paradoxical midazolam reaction.

Cognitive behavioural therapy for violent behaviour in children and adolescents: A meta-analysis

Aggressive behaviours often co-occur with other emotional, behavioural, academic, and social relationship problems. During adolescence, these children often exhibit increased rates of school dropout, depression, juvenile delinquency, substance abuse, and poor peer relationships. Some definitions focus on aggression as an emotion; according to this framework, aggressive behaviours stem from anger. Other definitions emphasise the motivational aspect of aggression, wherein intentions are thought to indicate the behavioural characteristics. Cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) is one of the most extensively researched forms of psychotherapy. This paper aims to review the literature on the use of CBT for treating children and adolescents who demonstrate high levels of violence. Studies were searched for using several methods. First, we used large database of literature on psychological treatments of violence in general. Studies were traced by means of several methods. A large database of 240 papers on the psychological treatment of aggression and violence in general were used. This database was developed through a comprehensive literature search (from 1997 to March 2009) in which we examined abstracts in ERIC (19 abstracts), Psycinfo (30), and Medline (23). Keywords used in computer searches were: Aggression, Violence, CBT, cognitive–behavioural therapy, cognitive therapy, behaviour therapy, and behavioural activation. The options were used in computer searches so that all relevant topics within the broader categories were searched as well. Six studies met the inclusion criteria, all of which indicated beneficial results of using CBT. A meta-analysis suggested an effect size of − 0.094 for reduced violence as a result of CBT treatment; this is considered to be a medium effect. The differential effects of cognitive–behavioural therapy and affective education were variable, although they were also generally in the medium range. In this meta-analytic study, CBT treatment proved less effective in reducing aggressive behaviour. This review tentatively suggests potential for using CBT to reduce violence in children and adolescents. However, there is only a small body of research exploring this relationship at present. Further research is needed before any solid conclusions can be drawn.

Neuroimaging of aggressive and violent behaviour in children and adolescents

In recent years, a number of functional and structural neuroimaging studies have investigated the neural bases of aggressive and violent behaviour in children and adolescents. Most functional neuroimaging studies have persued the hypothesis that pathological aggression is a consequence of deficits in the neural circuits involved in emotion processing. There is converging evidence for abnormal neural responses to emotional stimuli in youths with a propensity towards aggressive behaviour. In addition, recent neuroimaging work has suggested that aggressive behaviour is also associated with abnormalities in neural processes that subserve both the inhibitory control of behaviour and the flexible adaptation of behaviour in accord with reinforcement information. Structural neuroimaging studies in children and adolescents with conduct problems are still scarce, but point to deficits in brain structures in volved in the processing of social information and in the regulation of social and goal-directed behaviour. The indisputable progress that this research field has made in recent years notwithstanding, the overall picture is still rather patchy and there are inconsistencies between studies that await clarification. Despite this, we attempt to provide an integrated view on the neural abnormalities that may contribute to various forms of juvenile aggression and violence, and discuss research strategies that may help to provide a more profound understanding of these important issues in the future.

Assessing the Potential for Violent Behavior in Children and Adolescents

1. Russell Copelan, MD* 1. *Attending Emergency Psychiatrist, Department of Neurosciences, Memorial Hospital, Colorado Springs, Colo Suicide and homicide in children and adolescents, both reasonably foreseeable and preventable events, are terrible losses for families and represent significant public health concerns. The realization that violence can occur anywhere has had a traumatizing impact on schools and communities nation- and worldwide. Violence is a dynamic and complex public health issue that affects millions of children and their families. Suicide and aggression can occur across the entire spectrum of psychiatric disorders, which emphasizes the need for an organized, systematic assessment. These linked behaviors are best conceptualized as occurring on a final common pathway. Management of violent behavior depends on the stage of the destructive process as well as on the speed of progression. Differentiating the progressive, scalable risk factors that suicidal and homicidal phenomena have in common has important clinical consequences. No standard of care exists for the prediction of child and adolescent suicide and homicide. However, a standard of care does exist that requires primary care physicians, nurses, physician assistants, and other medical and mental health professionals to assess risk adequately when clinically indicated. Although adequate assessment lacks definitional clarity, performing systematic violence risk assessments that inform treatment more than meets the standard of care and may improve quality of care substantially. Suicide and homicide, although not predictable on the basis of a “simply sufficient” interview, can be anticipated reasonably by assessing specific time-related factors. Millions of children each year are exposed to acts of violence, and the numbers appear to be increasing. Concurrently, the number of children who have committed acts of violence also has increased. Over the last 30 years, the incidence of adolescent suicide has increased markedly. Approximately 3 million youths were at risk for suicide in 2000, and 37% of those at risk attempted to kill themselves. Among adolescents 15 to 24 years of …

Assessing the Potential for Violent Behavior in Children and Adolescents

Assessing the Potential for Violent Behavior in Children and Adolescents