Vinyl Amides Research Articles

N-Vinylformamide – Building Block for Novel Polymer Structures

N-Vinylformamide (NVF, N-ethenylformamide) is a precursor to amide and amine functional polymers and to other monomers, oligomers, and functional polymers. NVF shows attractive physical and toxicological properties and high reactivity, both in polymerization and in subsequent hydrolysis to cationic and reactive amine functional polymers or oligomers. NVF radical polymerization readily yields water soluble homopolymers with molecular weights from 104 to >106. Copolymerizability is similar to other vinyl amides. Unexpectedly, NVF will also undergo cationic oligomerization. Hydrolysis of polymers and copolymers with base or acid is facile, although reactions with neighboring groups (e.g., with coacrylate ester groups to give lactams) complicate copolymer hydrolysis. Reaction of NVF at the unusually acidic NH group allows reaction with isocyanates to give vinylacylureas or Michael addition to acrylates to give a family of new N-vinylformamidopropionate esters. These esters in turn react with functional amines to generate new families of divinyl, vinyl/alcohol functional, or vinyl/amino functional comonomers. Applications for NVF and its derived monomers and polymers appear numerous, in particular in radiation cure coatings, based on their good physical and toxicological properties.

ChemInform Abstract: Vinyl Sulfonyl Esters and Amides in the Synthesis of Substituted δ‐Sultams and δ‐Sultones.

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4740314 Anionic polymers containing N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone or other vinyl amides and maleic anhydride or maleic acid as scale inhibitors for preventing or reducing calcium phosphate and other scales

A method of inhibiting scale, generally and specifically and preferably calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate scale, which is found on metal surfaces in contact with industrial cooling waters, boiler waters, oil well drilling waters, and evaporated sea water, which comprises treating the water present in such systems with a few ppm of a water-soluble maleic anhydride or acid co- or terpolymer of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (NVP) or vinyl amide.

Rhenium(V) complexes with vinyl amides

The reactions oftrans-ReOCl3(PPh3)2 with vinyl amides such as RCOCH=C(R′)NH2, where R′ = CH2CH2CO2H and R = Ph and C6H13; or R′ = Me, CH2CH2CO2Me and R = Ph, give complexes of the type ReOCl2-[RC(O−)=CHC(R′)=NH]PPh3, the coordination geometry of which have been deduced from i.r. and1H n.m.r. spectroscopic data.

Radiation effects on polymers—V: Vulcanization of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) with gamma radiation and coagents

Possible enhancement of the radiation-induced vulcanization of SBR by polyfunctional allyl and vinyl monomers, was tested. Polyfunctional allyl esters did not enhance the radiation vulcanization; in fact they retarded the process and so can be considered as “antirads”. Di- and tri-vinyl monomers acted individually as effective radiation coagents. In their presence, the dose required for satisfactory curing was 7–10 MR instead of 40 MR in the case of unenhanced vulcanization. The results indicate that vinyl esters are more effective coagents than vinyl amides. The physico-mechanical properties of vulcanizates, obtained in the presence of 10–30 parts of vinyl coagents per 100 parts of SBR. are of the same level as those obtained by conventional sulphur vulcanization.