Villages In Poland Research Articles

Response of Grey Herons (Ardea cinerea) to human disturbance in a suburban village in Poland

Human-caused disturbances affect, e.g., the spatial distribution and breeding performance of most organisms, including birds. Here, we assessed the response of Grey Herons (Ardea cinerea) to frequent human disturbance in a large heron colony in Poland during 2009-20 12. The colony covered an area of 2.5 ha and had annually 174-220 occupied nests. We found that egg losses increased and nest occupancy decreased with an increase in the area covered by buildings nearby. The distances to the nearest building or road were not significantly related to egg losses.

Diet of nestling Barn Swallows Hirundo rustica in rural areas of Poland

Abstract Analysis of faecal sacs of nestling Barn Swallows Hirundo rustica from 52 breeding colonies located within fifteen spatially-separated villages in Poland has revealed that the basic component of the diet was Coleoptera (56.1% of all identified prey items), followed by Hymenoptera (24.1%), Diptera (16.1%) and Hemiptera (3.3%). The average mass of all prey items with known weight amounted to 3.40 mg (95% CL, 3.16–3.63 mg; median=0.49 mg) dry weight. Coleopterans associated with dung and manure jointly made up 23.5% of the number and 24.3% of the total biomass of all representatives of the order. Statistically significant negative relationships between the average weight of prey and number of prey found in 52 analyzed breeding sites suggest a particular need for Barn Swallows to find larger-bodied prey rather than to exploit the local abundance of smaller prey. The high percentage of Coleoptera in the diet of nestling Barn Swallows probably results from extensive or traditional farm management based on rules of organic farming in agricultural areas of central Europe, mainly commonly used organic fertilizers, and suggests the importance of these insects as a more easily accessible and larger-bodied prey in comparison to some small Diptera or Hymenoptera. We believe that a large number of randomly collected faecal samples from tens of breeding sites allow us to precisely describe variation in the diet of the Barn Swallow. Our work has great importance for documenting of the food composition of the Barn Swallow in traditional European countrysides, i.e. under environmental and agricultural conditions which, as a result of transformations of the system of farming, ceased to exist in the western and northern part of this continent.

Assessment of Protective Effect of Some Modern Agrochemicals against Ozone-Induced Stress in Sensitive Clover and Tobacco Cultivars

Some modern agrochemicals with antioxidant potential were tested for their protective effect against ozone injury using clover and tobacco ozone-sensitive cultivars as model plants subjected to ambient ozone at two sites (Kyiv city in Ukraine and Szarów village in Poland). All used agrochemicals showed partial protective effects against ozone injury on clover and tobacco. Conducted studies confirmed the effectiveness of modern fungicides belonging to strobilurin group as protectants of sensitive crops against ozone damage. The effectiveness of new growth regulators “Emistym C” and “Agrostymulin” was showed for the first time. Out of the studied agrochemicals, fungicide “Strobi” and natural growth regulator “Emistym C” demonstrated the best protective effects. These agrochemicals present promise for further studies of their possible utilization for enhancement of ozone tolerance of sensitive crops.

Polish holiday villages: Secular tradition and modern practice

This article describes the contemporary pattern of holiday villages in Poland. Research shows new economic, spatial and social evolution, and indicates that the successful future development of Polish holiday villages will depend upon the proper solution of possible conflicts, eg between tourism and agriculture, and between the interests of private lodging owners and of the regulations and principles of a planned economy. Close connection with general economic reform in Poland is emphasized and the need for greater flexibility in the holiday-village industry.

Louis Rosenhead, 1 January 1906 - 10 November 1984

Louis Rosenhead was Professor and Head of the Department of Applied Mathematics at the University of Liverpool for a period of 40 years from 1933 to 1973, a record not easily equalled. Rosenhead’s father, Abram Haim Rozenkopf, was born on 23 September 1879 in Poland, did his national service in the Russian Army as a young man, and came to England as an immigrant in 1903. He became a British citizen by naturalization in 1925. Louis Rosenhead’s mother, Chaja Nogacz (or Ellen Nelson in the anglicized form that she later adopted) was born on 15 April 1884, and came to England as an immigrant in 1902. In fact, the father and mother came from neighbouring villages in Poland, and were married on 4 January 1905 in the Beth-Hamedrash Hagodel Synagogue in Hope Street, Leeds. The anglicized surname, Rosenhead, was presumably taken up at some stage after arrival in England; and after their marriage they were known as Abraham and Ellen Rosenhead. Abraham and Ellen had three children, Louis (1 January 1906), Michael (14 June 1912) and Esther Leah (26 May 1923). Louis was born at 4 Friendly Terrace, Mabgate, Leeds. His father died on 24 August 1935 in Leeds, and his mother on 23 February 1976.