Vigorous Activity Research Articles

Abstract 15862: Risk Prediction Model for Early Detection of Left Bundle Branch Associated Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy: Insights From the UK Biobank

Introduction: Ventricular dyssynchrony resulting from left bundle branch block (LBBB) can lead to development of nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) in some individuals. Increasing evidence suggests early treatment with cardiac resynchronization therapy yields a greater treatment effect while a delayed diagnosis of LBBB NICM may fail to capture the critical period to reverse the progressive myocardial damage. Early identification of LBBB patients most likely to develop NICM would be valuable to clinical management. Methods: International classification of diseases (ICD) codes from the linked health data in the UK Biobank were used to identify individuals with LBBB NICM along with baseline demographics and comorbidities. Logistic regression models adjusted for covariates in baseline characteristics were used to identify early predictive indicators based on electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters and physical activity data obtained at time of enrollment into the UK Biobank Results: Among 3,766 individuals with LBBB, 481 developed LBBB NICM. The adjusted logistic regression analyses demonstrated a one standard deviation increase in p-axis was associated with a 128% higher incidence of LBBB NICM (OR 2.28, CI 1.10-4.73, p=0.01) and an increase of one day per week of vigorous physical activity was associated with an 8% lower incidence of LBBB NICM (OR 0.92, CI 0.87-0.98, p=0.006). A risk prediction model using the predictive indicators of p-axis and vigorous activity per week yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.87. Conclusions: A risk prediction model using ECG parameters and physical activity was developed which provides personalized estimation of the likelihood of development of NICM in individuals with LBBB using readily accessible clinical parameters. Further investigations are necessary to refine risk stratification strategies, validate this in a larger population, and optimize patient management based on these findings.

Abstract 18062: Association of Leisure Time Physical Activity With Incidence of Heart Failure With Preserved and Reduced Ejection Fraction in the Million Veteran Program

Introduction: Heart failure (HF) continues to be the leading cause of hospitalization in older men in the United States. While previous studies have reported beneficial effects of leisure time physical activity (LTPA) on cardiovascular disease, it is unclear whether LTPA is associated with incidence of HF with reduced or preserved ejection fraction (EF). The current study examined the association of LTPA with incidence of HF in US Veterans in the Million Veteran program. Methods: The MVP is a nationally representative, prospective cohort study of Veterans which started in 2011 and has currently enrolled over 900,000 participants. Self-reported vigorous, moderate, and light activity was collected at baseline and converted into hours of metabolic equivalent of task per week (MET-h/week). HF was ascertained using ICD-9 code of 428.x or ICD-10 code of I50.x. We defined incident HFpEF using ejection fraction ≥ 50% and HFrEF using ejection fraction ≤ 40%. Cox proportional hazard model was used to compute multivariable adjusted hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%). Results: Among 461,267 Veterans analyzed, the mean age was 63.9 years (SD 12.7) and 95% were men. Participants were followed for 5 years, with 25,192 new cases of HF (12,226 HFrEF and 10,422 HFpEF) occurred. In a multivariable adjusted model, LPTA was inversely associated with incident HF with HR (95% CI) of 1.00 (ref), 0.82 (0.79-0.86); 0.67 (0.63-0.71); 0.65 (0.62-0.69); and 0.50 (0.48-0.53), from the lowest to the highest quintile of LTPA, respectively, p for linear trend <0.00001. Similar inverse associations were observed for HFpEF as well as HFrEF (p<0.0001 each). Conclusion: Our data are consistent with inverse association of LTPA with incidence of HF including HFpEF and HFrEF.

Changes in physical function and physical activity in patients up to 5years after bariatric surgery.

Bariatric surgery is effective for patients with severe obesity, but relatively little is known about long-term functional outcomes. To describe physical fitness and activity changes among bariatric surgery patients in a clinical trial of physical activity interventions through 5 years postoperatively. Large bariatric center in the midwestern United States. Preoperatively, 6 months, and 5 years after surgery, 42 bariatric surgery patients wore an accelerometer to track activity and completed strength and cardiovascular endurance testing via treadmill, where estimated metabolic equivalents (METs) and ratings of perceived exertion (RPEs) were obtained. Preoperatively, 25% of patients reported exertion of <3 METs (equivalent to walking 2.5 mi/hr) as an RPE of 16 ("hard to very hard"). This decreased significantly to approximately 5% of patients 6 months and 5 years after surgery. Before surgery, 7.5% achieved ≥6 METs (vigorous activity) at an RPE of 16. This increased significantly to 36.6% at 6 months and 42.1% at 5 years after surgery. Body mass index and age, but no physical activity measure, predicted functional ability over time. The steps/d and exercise bout min/wk increased significantly from before surgery to 6 months postoperatively (4886.5 to 5948.5 steps and 23.8 to 66.6 bout min), but increases were not maintained at 5 years (5677.7 steps and 41.4 bout min). Conversely, moderate to vigorous min/ d increased progressively from before surgery (17.4) to 6 months (32.3) and 5 years (48.1) postoperatively. Functional abilities of bariatric surgery patients increased postoperatively and were maintained over 5 years. However, treadmill testing suggests that most patients are still unable to perform sustained activities of 6 METs (vigorous) or greater. Research is needed on bariatric patients' long-term function- and intervention- optimizing outcomes.

Effects of masks on physiological and thermal responses of college students during outdoor activities

In the post COVID-19 era, people have adjusted to coexistence with viruses and air pollution, and masks have become basic personal protective equipment. However, we know little about the physiological and thermal feedback when wearing masks and performing outdoor activities varying in intensity. We combined mask types (no mask, surgical, N95, and cloth) and activity intensities (light, moderate, and vigorous) to investigate personal physiological and thermal responses in outdoor environments. We had four principal findings: 1) perioral temperature (Talocal) was the highest under cloth masks and perioral relative humidity (RHlocal) was the highest under cloth or N95 masks during moderate and vigorous intensity activities; 2) “breathing resistance” scores were the highest at all stages when wearing masks; 3) wearing masks had a positive effect on the decrease of mean skin temperature (MST), and this effect was the greatest for surgical masks; and 4) during exercise, thermal sensation vote (TSV) was mainly influenced by Talocal and RHlocal in the dead space under masks. TSV was primarily affected by RHlocal and ΔAH under surgical and cloth masks, while TSV was primarily influenced by Tg under N95 masks. Our findings provide basic information supporting mask selections linked to activity intensity in outdoor settings.

Urban Environmentand Physical Activity of Petaling Jaya Residents

Physical activity and active lifestyle are imperative for good health. However, rapid urbanisation has prompted a significant decline in physical activity, particularly among those living in cities. Past studies have mainly focused on personal and social variables, built environment features, and green space features when examining how urban green spaces affect physical activity. Nevertheless, the statistical relationship between urban environment and physical activity remains unexplored, especially in the context ofMalaysia. This study aims to address suchgapby examining the relationship between urban environmentand residents’physical activity in Petaling Jaya, Selangor. Urban environmentwasevaluated based on four (4) indicators, namely green areas, sportsfacilities, facilities convenience,as well as thesafety anddistance to access the facilities. The data were obtained through observation and mapping the radius between the green areasand sports facilities to the neighbourhood area. Whereas, physical activity wasevaluated based on the frequency and duration of two types of physical activity, namely vigorous activity and moderate activity. The data were obtainedthrough a questionnairesurvey, which were later analysed using frequency and cross-tabulation via the IBM SPSS Statistics software. The results showed that sectionswith more green areas and sports facilities as well as convenientenvironment tend to have active respondents. Meanwhile,sections with no green areas nor sports facilities still produced active respondentsas they were willing to travel to nearby sections with green areas and sports facilities. The findings of this study hope to assist stakeholders, especially city planners,in improving urban environment for a healthier community.

A Study on Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Scandals of Chaebol

Purpose - This study reviews the corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities of Korea Composite Stock Price Index (KOSPI) companies involved in scandals. Additionally, we study Chaebol companies’ CSR activities of involved in the scandal and analyzes how much Chaebol companies with scandals spend on charitable donations.&#x0D; Design/Methodology/Approach - We exploit 11,975 firm-years listed on the Korea Exchange from 2001 to 2021, using the KOSPI firms as samples. We estimate the multiple regression model to test hypotheses. Also, we construct a one-to-one matching sample using the propensity score matching method to overcome endogeneity problems and to check the robustness.&#x0D; Findings - The analysis finds that companies with scandals donate more than those without. In addition, among these companies, Chaebol companies with scandals tend to spend less on donations.&#x0D; Research Implications - When corporate scandals occur, listed companies in Korea Exchange try to improve their image by actively engaging in CSR activities. However, Chaebol companies are not likely to engage in vigorous CSR activities even during scandals. The ethical level of a company can be inferred through its donation activities, depending on the situation.

ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED BY THE SUPERNATANT OF WEISSELLA CONFUSA UPM22MT04

This study was aimed to produce zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) using the supernatant of Weissella confusa UPM22MT04 and assess their effectiveness in inhibiting methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). An isolate of Weissella confusa UPM22MT04 was isolated from a wastewater treatment plant in Johor, Malaysia, and was utilized to synthesize ZnO-NPs. The synthesized ZnO-NPs were characterized through several techniques, including UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering. Monodisperse spherical ZnO-NPs of 1.7 - 7.9 nm were obtained with 0.1 M zinc nitrate at 80°C. The biosynthesized ZnO-NPs exhibited vigorous inhibitory activity against MRSA. Results found that ZnO-NPs inhibited MRSA at a minimum concentration of 0.625 mg/mL and were bactericidal at a minimum concentration of 1.25 mg/mL. In MTT assays, ZnO-NPs showed no toxicity to HS-27 fibroblasts. The supernatant of Weissella confusa UPM22MT04 could be used to synthesize ZnO-NPs, which are an antibacterial agent, eco-friendly and non-toxic.

Augmenting Immunotherapy via Bioinspired MOF-based Ros Homeostasis Disruptor with Nanozyme-Cascade Reaction.

Despite its remarkable clinical breakthroughs, immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy remains limited by the insufficient immune response in the "cold" tumor. Nanozyme-based antitumor catalysis is associated with precise immune activation in the tumor microenvironment (TME). In this study, a cascade-augmented nanoimmunomodulator (CMZM) with multienzyme-like activities, which includes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and glutathione oxidase (GSHOx), that dissociates under an acidic and abundant GSH TME, is proposed for multimodal imaging-guided chemodynamic therapy (CDT)/photodynamic therapy (PDT) enhanced immunotherapy. Vigorous multienzyme-like activities can not only produce O2 to alleviate hypoxia and promote the polarization of M2 to M1 macrophages but also generate ROS (•OH and 1 O2 ) and deplete GSH in the TME to expose necrotic cell fragments and reverse immunosuppressive TME by eliciting the maturation of dendritic cells and infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in tumors. Therefore, inhibitory effects on both primary and distant tumors were achieved through synergy with an α-PD-L1 blocking antibody. This cascade multienzyme-based nanoplatform provides a smart strategy for highly efficient ICB immunotherapy against "cold" tumors by revising immunosuppressive TME. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Children from 4 to 9 Years of Age

BackgroundPhysical activity guidelines for children encourage moderate-to-vigorous intensity activities (MVPA); however, some studies have found that only vigorous intensity activities (VPA) might promote health benefits in young children. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate cross-sectional and 5-year longitudinal associations of VPA and MVPA with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in childhood using compositional data analysis.ResultsThis study utilized data from the SPINACH study (n = 411). Physical activity was measured with accelerometers at 4- and 9-years of age. CVD risk factors were measured at 9-years of age, and included blood pressure (BP), lipid metabolism, and glucose metabolism biomarkers, as well as a continuous metabolic syndrome risk score (MetS). Cross-sectional and longitudinal linear regression models were built using compositional data analysis standards. Cross-sectionally, reallocating time to VPA from lower-intensity behaviours at 9-years was associated with lower waist circumference (B = − 3.219, P = 0.002), diastolic BP (B = − 1.836, P = 0.036), triglycerides (B = − 0.214, P < 0.001), glucose (B = − 0.189, P = 0.033), insulin (B = − 2.997, P < 0.001), and HOMA-IR (B = − 0.778, P < 0.001). Similarly, reallocating time to VPA at 4-years was associated with lower MetS (B = − 0.831, P = 0.049), waist circumference (B = − 4.211, P = 0.015), systolic BP (B = − 5.572, P = 0.015), diastolic BP (B = − 2.931, P = 0.044), triglycerides (B = − 0.229, P = 0.034), glucose (B = − 0.325, P = 0.032), insulin (B = − 5.114, P = 0.001), and HOMA-IR (B = − 0.673, P = 0.001) at 9-years. Reallocations of time to MVPA at 4- or 9-years were not associated with CVD risk factors at 9-years.ConclusionsVPA was associated with CVD risk factors in children both cross-sectionally (9-years) and longitudinally (at 4- and 9-years). MVPA seemed not to be a stimulus of enough intensity to trigger these potential cardiometabolic benefits in healthy children. Thus, these findings suggest the importance of higher intensity activities, i.e., VPA already in early childhood for cardiometabolic health.

Relation between mortality and physical activity levels or sedentary behavior: Proof cohort

Abstract Although moderate-to-vigorous physical activity has been proven to be effective in preventing major chronic diseases, the most recent epidemiological studies now focus on low-intensity physical activity, due to the need to promote all activities. However, the evidence currently remains weak. The objective of the study is to clarify the effects of different levels of physical activity and sedentary behavior on mortality. The different levels of physical activity were assessed by a validated self-administered questionnaire (POPAQ) covering different types of physical activity in the previous 7 days. Medical history and examinations were taken during each clinical visit to determine clinical events. The relationships between the intensity of physical activity (light, moderate to vigorous) as well as periods of physical inactivity in relation to mortality or cardiovascular events were analyzed by splines and COX models. Of the 1011 65-year-old subjects initially included in 2001 (60% women), the last 18-year follow-up is now completed since 2019. A total of 197 deaths (19.2% including 77 cardiovascular deaths) and 195 cardiovascular events (19.3%) have been reported. The means (standard deviation) of moderate or intense activity, light or sedentary activity were respectively 1.2 h/d (0.3), 5.8 h/d (1.1) and 6.6 h/d (2.3). For all-cause deaths, as well as cardiovascular deaths, splines were significant for light (p = 0.04 and p = 0.01) and moderate to vigorous (p &amp;lt; 0.001 and p &amp;lt; 0.001) activities, but not for sedentary lifestyle (p = 0.24 and p = 0.90). However, there is a significant reduction in cardiovascular events when the sedentary time decreased from 10.9 to 3.3 h/d. The PROOF cohort study shows a clear dose-response relationship between the dose of light, moderate to vigorous and sedentary behavior with mortality and cardiovascular events. These results provide evidence to support the inclusion of light physical activity in future activity guidelines physical. Key messages • Relationship between the dose of light, moderate to vigorous and sedentary lifestyle with mortality and cardiovascular events. • Importance of inclusion of light physical activity in future activity guidelines physical.

A Machine Learning Approach for Physical Activity Recognition in Cystic Fibrosis

ABSTRACT This study aimed to develop and validate machine learning models to predict intensities in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis (CF) across different accelerometry brands and placements. Thirty-five children and adolescents with CF (11.6 ± 2.8 yrs; 15 girls) and 28 healthy youth (12.2 ± 2.7 yrs; 16 girls) performed six activities whilst wearing GENEActivs (both wrists) and ActiGraphs GT9X (both wrists and waist). Three supervised learning classifiers (K-Nearest Neighbour, Random Forest and eXtreme Gradient Boosted Decision Tree) were used to identify the input signal pattern for each PA type and intensity, with a 10-fold cross-validation utilized to assess the performance of the classifiers. ActiGraph GT9X on the dominant wrist and waist and GENEActiv on the dominant wrist failed to predict vigorous intensity PA activities. All other models, for activity type and intensities, exceeded 97% accuracy, with a sensitivity and specificity of greater than 95%, irrespective of accelerometer brand, placement or health condition.

Apoptotic effects of mesenchymal stem cells’ conditioned medium on colorectal cancer cell lines

Multipotent Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have vigorous immunomodulatory activity, apoptotic effects, and the capacity to migrate to inflammatory and tumor sites. This study focuses on the apoptotic effects of MSCs conditioned medium (CM) on colorectal cancer cell lines. MSCs were preconditioned with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells. The conditioned medium (LPS-CM) from the preconditioned cells was isolated and used to treat colorectal cancer cells (HT29 and SW48). The survival and proliferation of cancer cells were assessed using Trypan blue staining and MTT assay. The apoptosis rate was evaluated through flow cytometry analysis and caspase-3 activity. Additionally, Real-Time PCR was used to measure the mRNA level of apoptotic and anti-apoptotic factors, including bcl2, bax, and p53 genes. The results showed that LPS-CM significantly increased (p < 0.001) the percentage of apoptosis in the SW48 and HT29 cell lines. Caspase-3 activity significantly increased (p < 0.001) in these cell lines after treatment with LPS-CM. The mRNA level of bcl2 was significantly decreased (p < 0.001), while bax and p53 genes were significantly overexpressed (p < 0.001) in the LPS-CM treated cell lines. Notably, the mRNA level of bcl2 and bax genes was significantly altered at a higher concentration of LPS-CM. In conclusion, the conditioned medium from LPS-preconditioned MSCs can effectively induce apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells. This finding suggests that LPS-CM could be a potential strategy for inhibiting the proliferation and progression of colorectal cancer cells.

SAT088 Poor Sleep Quality And Insufficient Sleep Duration Are Common In Maturity Onset Diabetes Of The Young

Abstract Disclosure: M.A. Arosemena: None. K. Wroblewski: None. E. Tasali: None. L. Philipson: Research Investigator; Self; Novo Nordisk, Novartis Pharmaceuticals. Background: Poor sleep quality and insufficient sleep duration are highly common in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) is a unique form of diabetes that is usually characterized by patients being lean, not using insulin, or using diabetes-related technology. This subpopulation has not been studied in regards to their sleep patterns. Objective: To evaluate objective and subjective sleep patterns and their association with glycemic variability in adults with MODY. Methods: Adults with MODY were recruited from the Monogenic Diabetes Registry at the University of Chicago. Subjective sleep quality was measured by a validated survey, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and sleep patterns were objectively assessed at home by wrist-worn accelerometry (Fitbit Inspire 2) for two consecutive weeks. Glycemic variability was assessed by 2 weeks of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). Results: To date, a total of 51 patients completed the study. Participants (age:46 ± 12.4 years; BMI:24.6 ± 3.5 kg/m2, diabetes duration: 22.6 ± 13.5, HbA1c: 6.3 ±0.6%) were mostly white (84%), premenopausal (68%), and female (74%). Pathogenic variants included 51% GCK-MODY, 25% HNF1A-MODY, 16% HNF4A-MODY, and 8% HNF1B-MODY. Most participants (71%) reported engaging in regular exercise ( i.e., exercising more than twice and accumulating at least 90 min of moderate or 40 min of vigorous activity in an average week), 45% were only on diet and exercise as their diabetes therapy and 20% were on insulin. Only 27% were on diabetes-related technology (insulin pump and/or CGM) and 88% had no diabetes-related complications. Based on accelerometry (630 nights of analyzed Fitbit data; n=45) 39% of patients had a sleep duration of &amp;lt;7 hours, below the healthy adult recommendations, 90% had a wake after sleep onset (WASO) &amp;gt;40 minutes (normative criteria ≤40 minutes) and, 14% had a sleep efficiency &amp;lt;85% (normative criteria ≥85%)Most patients (69%) reported poor sleep quality with a PSQI mean score of 7.2±3.3 (a score of &amp;gt;5 reflecting poor sleep quality). The data analyses on the association between sleep and glycemic patterns (from CGM) are ongoing. Conclusion: Poor subjective and objective sleep quality and insufficient objective sleep duration are common among MODY patients despite most of them being lean, not on insulin or using diabetes-related technology. Further research should investigate sleep-glycemia relationship in this unique diabetes population. Presentation: Saturday, June 17, 2023

Zircon xenocryst geochronology and implications for the Lhasa terrane evolution: Insights from Cenozoic volcanic rocks (Coqen, Tibet)

The Cenozoic volcanic rocks of Coqen are located in the western central Lhasa subterrane, where knowledge of the regional lithospheric architecture and related magmatic processes is still lacking. To address this issue, we used in situ U–Pb dating, Lu–Hf isotopic and mineral inclusion analysis in zircon xenocrysts among trachyandesite. These zircons from volcanic samples yielded wide U–Pb ages from 18 Ma to 2424 Ma, showing three significant age peaks at ∼246 Ma, 193 Ma, and the most intense one at 128 Ma, which represent three major magmatic processes that developed in the area. The earliest zircon dates suggest the age of volcanic eruption in the Coqen area was not earlier than 18 Ma. zircon xenocrysts trace elements data point to the central Lhasa subterrane continental crust origin. We provide evidence for evolutive magmatism of the Lhasa terrane by calculating ΔFMQ, and show that the oxygen fugacity goes from reduced to oxidized (Cambrian to Miocene). The very low εHf(t) indicate a long-term magmatic event sequence, with the Zenong Group having the most vigorous magmatic activity. The old U–Pb ages and TDMC confirmed that an ancient basement of the Precambrian exist in the middle Lhasa terrane. Our work also restores the tectonic and crustal thickness evolutionary process of Coqen area even entire Lhasa terrane. In the back of a series of thickening and thinning processes, the Tibetan crust drastically thickened at ∼54 Ma, and gradually created what is now believed to be the thickest crust in the world.

NEURAL NETWORK MODEL OF SOIL MOISTURE FORECAST NORTH KAZAKHSTAN REGION

Dealing with agriculture, it is valuable to know an amount of moisture in a soil and to know how to forecast the stored soil moisture within particular period. Forecasting the stored soil moisture works for planning an extent and structure of crop production areas and adjustment of plant-growing programs. Having known about an amount of moisture in one-meter soil and the depth of precipitation in a vegetation season shall help farmers to determine a seeding time, type of fertilizers depending on soil quality and to work out an irrigation schedule as well. In this regard, over the last few years some vigorous activities applied to machine training methods of the weather forecast have been launched in the world. The goal of present research is to develop an artificial neuron network which shall afford an opportunity to figure out a stored soil moisture prior to outgoing to winter in a short-term. North Kazakhstan Region agrometeorological measuring stations for the period from 2012 to 2022 were used in the course of the neuron network training. The Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm aimed at non-linear regression models optimization was chosen for network training. The algorithm includes sequential approximation of initial parameter values to a local optimum. The mean squared error (MSE) function and the correlation coefficient ensure accuracy and precision of forecasts. As a result, 7 neural networks under MATLAB environment using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, with different input and output data, and with different number of learning iterations came to realization. Following analysis of the results, the choice was fallen on the ANN9 best network offering minimum error function and actual data maximum correlation. The neural network obtained fits for use to make efficient decisions in the North Kazakhstan region agricultural sector in the short term.

Participation of Industrial Enterprises in the Activities to Preserve Industrial Heritage Monuments in the Sverdlovsk Region in the 1970–1980s

Introduction. The Sverdlovsk region has historically always been distinguished by the presence of a large number of industrial enterprises on its territory, as well as monuments that can be attributed to the industrial heritage. The preservation of these monuments is a task not only of the state, but also of a local scale, dictating the need to attract the capabilities and resources of industrial enterprises to this. The purpose of the article is to analyze the degree of participation of industrial enterprises, on the territory of which the monuments were located, in the activities for their preservation and museumification. The chronological framework is the 1970s – 1980s, when the need to intensify monument protection activities began to be realized at the state level, which was reflected in the legal documents. Materials and Methods. The study was based on unpublished archival materials stored in the Documentation Center of the Sverdlovsk Region. As well as published sources: legal acts, office documentation, periodicals. As part of the research, the author applied general scientific and special-historical methods. Results and Discussion. The responsibility of industrial enterprises regarding industrial heritage monuments began to be fixed in the legal documents of all-Union and regional significance, starting from the 1970s. This was due to the intensification of state control over the protection of monuments in general. Gradually, the financial obligation of enterprises to ensure the preservation and carry out work on the museumification of monuments located on their territory is also prescribed. In the Sverdlovsk region, two industrial enterprises took an active part in this activity: the Nevyansk Mechanical Plant and the Seversky Pipe Plant. Conclusion. By the beginning of the 1990s on the territory of the Sverdlovsk region there were 34 monuments that can be attributed to the industrial heritage. 20 of them were on the balance sheet and under the responsibility of industrial enterprises, which was reflected in the legal documents only in the second half of the 1980s. In the 1970s – 1980s two objects underwent restoration and museumification – the Nevyansk leaning tower and the Severskaya blast furnace. An important role in this was played by the vigorous activity of the factories on the territory of which they were located. However, there were also mistakes made by the management of one of the factories, which led to the partial destruction of one of the monuments.

Association of Physical Activity and Obesity in Health Care Professionals of Karachi

Obesity is a major health problem worldwide. The worldwide prevalence rate of obesity is about 13% of adults are obese, and 39% of adults are overweight. Globally, found that 1 out of every 5 children is overweight and faces many complications. Objective: To determine the relation of physical activity and obesity in health care professionals of Karachi. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was done on 543 healthcare professionals of various domains selected from the hospitals of Karachi according to the division of seven districts ( Central, East, Kemari, Orangi, Malir, South, West). The evaluation of the study was done through three weight measurement tools( BMI (body mass index), Waist circumference, waist-hip ratio) and two questionnaires: a self-administered and an international physical activity questionnaire. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 23.0. Results: There were 543 healthcare professionals extracted from seven districts of Karachi, Out of which 310 performed more than 3 hours, 181 performed less than 3 hours per day, and 52 were not sure about their level of moderate activities in daily routine While 146 healthcare professionals performed more than 3 hours per day, 283 performed less than 3 hours per day, and 114 were not sure about their level of vigorous activities in their daily routine. Conclusions: Our study concluded that the frequency of obesity is less in healthcare professionals as compared to the general p

Brief bouts of device-measured intermittent lifestyle physical activity and its association with major adverse cardiovascular events and mortality in people who do not exercise: a prospective cohort study

Guidelines emphasise the health benefits of bouts of physical activity of any duration. However, the associations of intermittent lifestyle physical activity accumulated through non-exercise with mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) remain unclear. We aimed to examine the associations of bouts of moderate-to-vigorous intermittent lifestyle physical activity (MV-ILPA) and the proportion of vigorous activity contributing within these bouts with mortality and MACE. In this prospective cohort study, we used data from the UK Biobank on adults who do not exercise (ie, those who did not report leisure-time exercise) who had wrist-worn accelerometry data available. Participants were followed up until Nov 30, 2022, with the outcome of interest of all-cause mortality obtained through linkage with NHS Digital of England and Wales, and the NHS Central Register and National Records of Scotland, and MACE obtained from inpatient hospitalisation data provided by the Hospital Episode Statistics for England, the Patient Episode Database for Wales, and the Scottish Morbidity Record for Scotland. MV-ILPA bouts were derived using a two-level Random Forest classifier and grouped as short (<1 min), medium (1 to <3 min; 3 to <5 min), and long (5 to <10 min). We further examined the dose-response relationship of the proportion of vigorous physical activity contributing to the MV-ILPA bout. Between June 1, 2013, and Dec 23, 2015, 103 684 Biobank participants wore an accelerometer on their wrist. 25 241 adults (mean age 61·8 years [SD 7·6]), of whom 14 178 (56·2%) were women, were included in our analysis of all-cause mortality. During a mean follow-up duration of 7·9 years (SD 0·9), 824 MACE and 1111 deaths occurred. Compared with bouts of less than 1 min, mortality risk was lower for bouts of 1 min to less than 3 min (hazard ratio [HR] 0·66 [0·53-0·81]), 3 min to less than 5 min (HR 0·56 [0·46-0·69]), and 5 to less than 10 min (HR 0·48 [0·39-0·59]). Similarly, compared with bouts of less than 1 min, risk of MACE was lower for bouts of 1 min to less than 3 min (HR 0·71 [0·54-0·93]), 3 min to less than 5 min (0·62 [0·48-0·81]), and 5 min to less than 10 min (0·59 [0·46-0·76]). Short bouts (<1 min) were associated with lower MACE risk only when bouts were comprised of at least 15% vigorous activity. Intermittent non-exercise physical activity was associated with lower mortality and MACE. Our results support the promotion of short intermittent bouts of non-exercise physical activity of moderate-to-vigorous intensity to improve longevity and cardiovascular health among adults who do not habitually exercise in their leisure time. Australian National Health, Medical Research Council, and Wellcome Trust.

Sleep characteristics and pain in middle-aged and older adults: Sex-specific impact of physical and sitting activity

ObjectivesThe relationship between poor sleep health and worse pain is established. Physical activity has been successful in reducing chronic pain and improving sleep in aging adults. Despite known sex differences (more women than men experiencing chronic pain and insomnia), sex-specific patterns of interactive associations between physical activity, sleep, and pain remain unexplored. This study tested whether physical and sitting activity moderated associations between sleep characteristics and pain intensity, and whether sex further moderated these relationships. MethodsParticipants aged 50+ (N = 170, Mage = 64.34, 72 women) completed an online survey measuring pre-sleep arousal (Pre-sleep Arousal Scale), sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), past month average pain intensity, and physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire). Multiple regressions evaluated whether minutes of physical activity (total, vigorous, moderate, walking) or sitting activity, pre-sleep arousal, sleep, sex, or their interaction was associated with pain. Analyses controlled for education, difficulty walking, body mass index, total medical conditions, pain medication, and depressive/anxiety symptoms. ResultsIn women, vigorous activity interacted with total pre-sleep arousal and somatic pre-sleep arousal in its association with pain. Higher total arousal and somatic arousal were associated with worse pain intensity only for women who reported highest levels of vigorous activity. No such associations were observed for men or for other physical or sitting activity levels. ConclusionsVigorous physical activity may exacerbate the association between more pre-sleep arousal and worse pain in middle-aged and older women. Research should explore potential sex-specific mechanisms (e.g., inflammatory cytokines, arousal neural networks) underlying these results.

Images of Betelgeuse with VLTI/MATISSE across the Great Dimming

ABSTRACT From Nov. 2019 to May 2020, the red supergiant star Betelgeuse experienced an unprecedented drop of brightness in the visible domain called the Great Dimming event (GDE). Large atmospheric dust clouds and large photospheric convective features are suspected to be responsible for it. To better understand the dimming event, we used mid-infrared long-baseline spectro-interferometric measurements of Betelgeuse taken with the Very Large Telescope Interferometer/Multi AperTure mid-Infrared SpectroScopic Experiment (VLTI/MATISSE) instrument before (Dec. 2018), during (Feb. 2020), and after (Dec. 2020) the GDE. We present data in the 3.98–4.15 µm range to cover SiO spectral features molecules as well as adjacent continuum. We have employed geometrical models, image reconstruction, as well as radiative transfer models to monitor the spatial distribution of SiO over the stellar surface. We find a strongly inhomogeneous spatial distribution of SiO that appears to be looking very different between our observing epochs, indicative of a vigorous activity in the stellar atmosphere. The contrast of our images is small in the pseudo-continuum for all epochs, implying that our MATISSE observations support both cold spot and dust cloud model.