Viewer Interest Research Articles

JBJS Essential Surgical Techniques: Celebrating 10 Years of Innovation

The ten-year anniversary of JBJS Essential Surgical Techniques comes at a dramatic time in medical history: technological innovations have enabled and improved the techniques for teaching surgeons, traditional print publications have yielded to online platforms, and real-time analytics are utilized to gauge viewer interest. We are in the midst of a worldwide pandemic that has highlighted the value of learning from each other, and opened new avenues for doing so remotely. As we announce the 2020 JBJS Essential Surgical Techniques Award winners, we celebrate the evolution and progress of the orthopaedic community and of our journal. Over the past decade, we have seen continuous advancement in the quality of our peer-reviewed articles, which serve the important task of demonstrating surgical techniques with published outcomes. This year’s award winners continue that trend. Notably, the award-winning articles for both Subspecialty and Key Procedures focus on computerized navigation. In their Subspecialty Procedures article, Polly and Holton address the problem of sacroiliac joint pain, aptly performing arthrodesis with use of unique implants that result in less morbidity1. In their Key Procedures article, Gothesen et al. produced an elegant treatise on the use of computerized navigation in total knee arthroplasty, showing how best to achieve optimal implant alignment, size, and positioning2. These articles are sterling examples of how to utilize multimedia to demonstrate and articulate the fine details of a surgical procedure. Since the inception of JBJS Essential Surgical Techniques, we have been steadfast in our mission to provide high-quality, peer-reviewed content that can be utilized as a teaching tool for surgeons at all levels of experience. We provide instructive video articles that describe the best and latest surgical techniques that are supported by published outcomes. As such, we continue to innovate within the journal and for our authors, including: Reducing burden by providing templates for articles and video storyboards Adding in-line video to the article text, as well as other multimedia to enhance viewer understanding of the procedure Migrating from a largely written article to an all-video, online format featuring an enhanced abstract Increasing learning efficiency by enabling variable playback speed for video viewing Adding English-language captioning to broaden outreach internationally and provide greater accessibility When evaluating the impact of these changes, 1 metric to assess the value of an article is the interest that it generates. For that, we also present the top-10 most viewed JBJS Essential Surgical Techniques articles3-12. Although the frequency with which a procedure is performed plays a role in the viewership metrics, all of these articles are outstanding examples of the high-quality content we aim to provide. We will continue to push the envelope and lead by searching for and incorporating additional features as they become possible.

Turkish anime viewers\u2019 approach to Japanese cuisine culture

It is seen that anime, which is a Japanese animation type, with the food scenes in it, cause the curiosity and interest of the anime viewers from different cultures towards Japanese cuisine. It is thought to contribute to Japan in terms of gastronomy. Accordingly, although there are many promotional and marketing tools to spread the products of Japanese cuisine culture to the world, the idea that anime with a large global viewers also have a share in this promotion is the starting point of this study. Within this context, in this study, it was aimed to research how animes affect the perception of Japanese cuisine culture in individuals. At the same time, informations about the foods they prefer belonging to this culture have been obtained. Interview technique which is one of the qualitative research methods was used for data collection. The interview questions were sent to 31 anime viewers by selecting the snowball sample method, through Google Forms, and the answers were collected between 2 February 2021 and 16 February 2021. Descriptive and content analysis was applied to the obtained data. According to the results of the research, it is seen that animes have a serious contribution to the reflection of the Japanese cuisine culture. While the interesting scenes in the food-themed animes enable the viewers to try Japanese food, it has been determined that they encourage to buy Japanese cuisine products and use them at home. In general, it was observed that animes made nearly half of the participants curious about Japanese cuisine and animes directed them to experience it.

Film as the Engine for Learning

Film has been used for education ever since educators recognized its powerful potential for learning. But its educational application has been criticized throughout the decades for underuse of the distinctive potential of film: to raise interest. To understand more fully film’s potential for learning, we propose a dynamic model of viewer interest and its underlying cognitive and emotional mechanisms (film’s interest raising mechanisms or FIRM model). In addition, we present an analysis method for assessing the interestingness of films in learning contexts. Our model marries interest theories from cognitive film theory and educational psychology and captures the dynamics of interestingness across a film as depending on a balance between challenge posed and coping potential provided.

Euphemism in laxative TV commercials: at the crossroads between politeness and persuasion

Abstract Despite the stigma attached to human defecation and people’s reluctance to talk about it openly, there are certain communicative situations in which one cannot evade referring to the elimination of body wastes. This is the case of laxative TV commercials, a type of discourse focused on the infrequent or difficult evacuation of the bowels that constitutes a breeding ground for euphemism. In this regard, following a socially-oriented approach to discourse analysis, politeness theory, and cognitive linguistics, the purpose of this paper is to gain an insight into the way euphemism works in a sample of contemporary American TV commercials advertising laxatives. The analysis reveals that euphemism – mostly in the form of metonymy and understatement – and non-euphemistic metaphors and similes serve as face-saving mechanisms for the company’s self-presentational purposes and are ultimately used as part of a sales strategy aiming to attract the interest of viewers.

The association of animated sitcom viewing with humor styles and humor types

Abstract Recently, animated sitcoms such as Family Guy and American Dad have generated considerable interest internationally. This genre is known for its portrayal of controversial political and social issues combined with strategies of malicious humor, exaggeration, and stereotyping. This study addresses the question of whether humor styles and humor types predict viewer interest in animated sitcoms. A total of 1,052 Hungarian adults (41.6% male, M age = 24.7 years, SD = 7.2) participated in an online survey focusing on animated sitcom viewing habits and the use of humor. It was found that males and younger individuals were more likely to watch animated sitcoms regularly than females and older individuals. As a result of multiple regressions, it was also found that individuals with high levels of self-enhancing and aggressive humor, and low levels of self-defeating humor were more likely to view animated sitcoms. Regarding humor types, individuals with low levels of all humor styles were less likely to watch animated sitcoms regularly. These findings can possibly contribute to a more nuanced understanding of media selection preferences in the level of individual differences.

Quality assessment for color correction-based stitched images via bi-directional matching

With the deepening of social information, the panoramic image has drawn a significant interest of viewers and researchers as it can provide a very wide field of view (FoV). Since panoramic images are usually obtained by capturing images with the overlapping regions and then stitching them together, image stitching plays an important role in generating panoramic images. In order to effectively evaluate the quality of stitched images, a novel quality assessment method based on bi-directional matching is proposed for stitched images. Specifically, dense correspondences between the testing and benchmark stitched images are first established by bi-directional SIFT-flow matching. Then, color-aware, geometric-aware and structure-aware features are respectively extracted and fused via support vector regression (SVR) to obtain the final quality score. Experiments on our newly constructed database and ISIQA database demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve comparable performance compared with the conventional blind quality metrics and the quality metrics specially designed for stitched images.

69 Connecting with the next generation of shepherds – an online sheep-based webpage serves as an additional tool in Extension education

Abstract Cooperative Extension education continues to maintain a strong foothold in educating people in the agricultural industry. To connect with the next generation of agriculturalists, Extension needs to investigate alternative methods to disseminate educational material. Developing and maintaining a webpage that provides relevant and scientific based sheep production information is critical as interest in the small ruminant industry continues to rise. The Ohio State University Extension Sheep Team webpage provides shepherds across the nation with the latest information regarding sheep production from daily management to industry outreach. In addition, a unique highlight of the webpage includes research summaries of sheep research conducted at Ohio State that are simplified to illustrate real-world application to improve on-farm production efficiencies. Over the past year alone, the OSU Extension Sheep Team webpage has recorded over 90,000 page views with an average visit duration time of approximately two minutes. Of these page views, approximately 9,000 originate from locations beyond the United States including Canada, United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand. According to the web servers’ descriptive statistic analysis, the top referral search engine is Google, representing 58% of all page visits. Interestingly, due the OSU Extension Sheep Team’s presence on social media, Facebook accounts for approximately 18% of all page visits whereas direct subscription of the weekly newsletter only accounts for 15% of all page visits. Furthermore, top article topics include those that relate to basic sheep management practices, health and disease, parasite control methods, and common poisonous plants. Due to the unusual weather patterns of 2019, an article related to poisonous plants accounted for 16% of the webpage’s total visits, which surpassed the number of homepage visits. In order to continue providing relevant Extension information, universities should consider utilizing web-based articles to efficiently reach a larger audience and provide timely articles based upon viewer interest.

Relation between educational reliability and viewer interest in YouTube® videos depicting endometrioma cystectomy surgical techniques

ObjectiveTo assess the reliability of YouTube® endometrioma cystectomy videos based on technical video analysis and considering the surgical steps. Material and methodThe present study yielded 756 videos after a search on YouTube® with the keywords “endometriosis cystectomy, endometrioma cystectomy, chocolate cyst cystectomy, and endometrioma surgery’’ during the period from January 7, 2007 to January 7, 2019. The viewer interest parameters such as total number of subscribers, views, likes, dislikes, comments, source of the videos, and the date of upload were assessed. Besides, the surgical steps were also evaluated considering committee suggestions. ResultsThere were 140 (78.7 %) videos in Group 1 (not useful and slightly useful) and 38 (21.3 %) videos in Group 2 (useful and very useful). The mean numbers of subscribers, views, and likes were 5737.843 ± 15741.302, 10614.257 ± 32702.339, and 17.7 ± 43.57, respectively, in Group 1, and 851.052 ± 1613.599, 8192.55 ± 15989.955, and 11.92 ± 27.52, respectively, in Group 2. The type of surgery was significantly different between the study groups. The videos of cases with robotic surgeries presented more useful descriptive information (p = 0.003). There was a significant difference between the study groups regarding the type of hemostasis. The presence of didactic steps was higher in Group 2 (47.4 %) compared to Group 1 (28.6 %) (p = 0.02) ConclusionsOverall, only around 21 % of YouTube videos presenting endometrioma surgery were defined as useful or very useful. The interest rates of the viewers may not compatible with the usefulness rate of the videos.

Архітектоніка і темп прес-марафону президента України В. Зеленського

The main schemes of architectonics, which is a structural base of television action, general outward form of construction and interrelation of its parts, their correlation to each other are determined. The pattern of application of archetypical principle of human perception of stories from Aristotle’s first works to use of communication technologies of proportionality of journalist’s text construction by contemporary TV reporters and screenwriters are researched. The novelty of the study is in an attempt to segregate clearly the notions of script composition from architectonics, the essence of difference of priority of the rhythm category namely for architectonics. The objective of the study is to determine the basic schemes of architectonics which is the structural basis of television action, the general appearance and interrelation of its parts, their correlation with each other. Such empirical research methods as observation, abstraction and analysis have been applied. The result of the study was the analysis of television scripts of various programs, definition of main components of architectonics – its beginning, middle and end parts, as well as presentation of structural diagrams of script architectonics. It is emphasized that the action in the scenario should be organized in such way that the dramatic tension curve and the viewer interest curve are being evenly raised from the beginning to the end of the spectacle. The scenario construction of a record-breaking press-marathon with the President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyi that took place on October 10, 2019 in the capital of Ukraine at Kyiv Food Market was first studied in the scientific literature.

«Ущемление интересов кино — это есть ущемление интересов зрителя»: проблемы советского кинопроката и качества фильмов в текстах периода «оттепели»

«Ущемление интересов кино — это есть ущемление интересов зрителя»: проблемы советского кинопроката и качества фильмов в текстах периода «оттепели»

Strategi Hubungan Masyarakat Lembaga Penyiaran Publik Televisi Republik Indonesia Jambi dalam Mempromosikan Program Acara

This research is motivated by a phenomenon that occurs in the field of Public Relations (HUMAS) of the Republic of Indonesia Television Public Broadcasting Institution (LPP TVRI) Jambi. A strategy is needed by TVRI Jambi as times change where the interest of television viewers is decreasing due to competition from both private television and new media. The audience follows a style that has value. Therefore it is necessary to have a Public Relations in order to expand public knowledge about what programs exist at TVRI in order to increase the existence of TVRI Jambi. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data collection methods used in the form of observation, documentation, and interviews with data analysis techniques, namely data reduction, data presentation, and data verification. The results of this study the authors found that the Public Relations Strategy in promoting TVRI Jambi programs to improve the quality of TVRI programs in the eyes of the public to better understand and know broadcasts on TVRI Jambi therefore Public Relations itself uses a communication strategy Public relations strategy, communication, advertising , sales promotion, publicity , corporate design The problems of Public Relations in promoting LPP TVRI programs in Jambi, weak human resources, PR efforts in promoting LPP TVRI Jambi programs in collaborating with other agencies.

103 Mizzou Repro: Exploring short-form video communication on social media platforms to improve the reach of Extension

Abstract Extension is a vital component of the Land Grant mission, facilitating transfer of knowledge and technology to end users. However, traditional Extension publications, particularly print, reach an ever-shrinking audience. With each new generational transfer of farm management, decision-makers in animal agriculture are less familiar with Extension as an authoritative source of information. As a consequence, producers may be more likely to receive misinformation from less reliable yet more readily accessible sources online, such as forums, blogs, or social media posts. In an attempt to address this challenge, we have explored use of program-specific Extension communications through social media platforms (YouTube, Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter). We hypothesized that video content in particular would result in significant viewership due to organic sharing behavior. Accounts were created using Mizzou Repro as branding, with content specifically focused on University of Missouri Extension efforts related to reproductive management of beef cattle. Videos are approximately 2 min (range 1.8 to 2.7 min) and are designed to communicate a single concept thoroughly but concisely. Scripts are prepared in advance, but videos feature a rotating speaker, typically a faculty member, graduate student, or Extension field specialist. To retain viewer interest for the full duration, videos incorporate changing camera angles, live animals, and graphs or figures. Of the platforms evaluated, content published on Facebook generated the most engagement (views, comments, and other interaction). Specifically, videos published to Facebook generated the most engagements as compared to other types of content such as photos or written text. In addition, we observed willingness of viewers to subscribe to future account posts, as well as significant interest from allied industry in sharing content with their audiences. Together, these observations suggest that social media videos and program-specific branding are effective tools to communicate Extension messages and build a long-term audience in the digital age.

From the Editor

This issue of Projections features an impressive diversity of research questions and research methods. In our first article, Timothy Justus investigates the question of how film music represents meaning from three distinct methodological perspectives—music theory, cognitive psychology, and cognitive neuroscience. Following a model of naturalized aesthetics proposed by Murray Smith in Film, Art, and the Third Culture (see the book symposium in Projections 12.2), Justus argues for the importance of “triangulating” the methods and approaches of each field—more generally, of the humanities, the behavioral sciences, and the natural sciences. Our second article, by Gal Raz, Giancarlo Valente, Michele Svanera, Sergio Benini, and András Bálint Kovács, also explores the effects fostered by a specific formal device of cinema—in this case, shot-scale. And again, distinct research methods are put to complementary use. Raz and colleagues’ starting point is a desire to empirically test a hypothesis advanced by art historians Alois Riegl and Heinrich Wölfflin. To do this, they apply a machine-learning model to neurological data supplied by a set of fMRI scans. Methodology is the explicit topic of our third article, by Jose Cañas-Bajo, Teresa Cañas-Bajo, Juri-Petri Valtanen, and Pertti Saariluoma, who outline a new mixed (qualitative and quantitative) method approach to the study of how feature films elicit viewer interest.

Predicting Premature Video Skipping and Viewer Interest from EEG Recordings

Brain–computer interfacing has enjoyed growing attention, not only due to the stunning demonstrations with severely disabled patients, but also the advent of economically viable solutions in areas such as neuromarketing, mental state monitoring, and future human–machine interaction. An interesting case, at least for neuromarketers, is to monitor the customer’s mental state in response to watching a commercial. In this paper, as a novelty, we propose a method to predict from electroencephalography (EEG) recordings whether individuals decide to skip watching a video trailer. Based on multiscale sample entropy and signal power, indices were computed that gauge the viewer’s engagement and emotional affect. We then trained a support vector machine (SVM), a k-nearest neighbor (kNN), and a random forest (RF) classifier to predict whether the viewer declares interest in watching the video and whether he/she decides to skip it prematurely. Our model achieved an average single-subject classification accuracy of 75.803% for skipping and 73.3% for viewer interest for the SVM, 82.223% for skipping and 78.333% for viewer interest for the kNN, and 80.003% for skipping and 75.555% for interest for the RF. We conclude that EEG can provide indications of viewer interest and skipping behavior and provide directions for future research.

Don Kichot niewierny: kontrkulturowość niespełnienia

Don Quixote unfaithful: Counterculture of failureThe author analyzes the cultural status of the unfinished adaptations of Don Quixote of Miguel de Cervantes, which were worked on for years by Orson Welles 1955–1985 and Terry Gilliam 1991–2018. Although there are many films about the errant knight, these two projects still arouse interest of critics, viewers and filmmakers. Barbaruk initially puts these perplexing obsessions in the context of the idea of film maudit and the romanticism of interpretations of Don Quixote, but considers that only referring to modernity, which is the embodiment of the film industry, makes it understandable. In the unfinished projects of Welles and Gilliam the author sees the potential for self-creation and interpretation underlining of openness of Cervantes’s novel and the autonomy of its heroes and a counter-cultural, critical force aimed at contemporary finality.

Independent Biographical Documentaries: The Year in China

Independent Biographical DocumentariesThe Year in China Chen Shen (bio) Recently, the number of independent documentaries has grown rapidly in China. In the 1990s, independent documentaries usually focused on life and social problems at the bottom of society, reflecting the producers' personal concerns and suspicions about mainstream presentations of reality. These early independent documentaries, however, were supplements to mainstream documentaries, and mostly coarse productions, with barely sufficient narrative or editing skills, and little public influence. Many of them also had very limited releases, appearing in the cinema for only one day due to their unattractiveness. Recently, however, several independent biographical documentaries represent a major advance in the field, displaying not only their producers' brilliant conceptions and shooting techniques, but also arousing a great deal of public discussion. Among them, Twenty Two, The Verse of Us, and The Last Stickmen of City Chongqing are good examples. Twenty Two is a documentary about Chinese sex slave victims in World War II, the first movie released publically on this subject in Mainland China. The documentary was shown on August 14, 2017, and earned 170 million Yuan, a record-breaking box office. It has generated intense discussion on network forums and positive commentary from many movie reviewers. A biographical documentary seldom draws so much public attention—and even less often does one generate profits as high as more commercial movies. The success of Twenty Two resulted from its content, its narrative strategies, and its mode of transmission. The director Kuo Ke had already made a 43-minute documentary entitled Thirty Two in 2012, which records the story of survivor Wei Shaolan and her Japanese son Luo Shanxue. Thirty Two won some international film awards and raised viewer interest in the topic, but it could not be released at that time. Wei Shaolan's story was representative of the thirty-two living Chinese survivors in 2012. Two years later, when Kuo Ke restarted the project, only twenty-two were left. The director went through Heilong Jiang, Shanxi, Hubei, Guangxi, and Hainan provinces, interviewing all of these survivors; Twenty Two is [End Page 28] a documentary designed to preserve the memory of these women. It is estimated that there were 200,000 or more victims. Only eight were alive when the film was shown, and even fewer today. The survivors' testimony was videotaped, and preserved important first-hand oral history records of the women. The director asked all the victims to talk about their traumatic experience. Most were about 90 years old, and their neighbors, and even their children, did not know about their humiliating personal history before. To avoid receiving special or different treatment from others, most victims refused to talk about their experience. Many silent frames appear on the screen, and only a few women tell relatively complete stories. Mao Yinmei talked about her childhood in Korea. Abandoned by her mother, she was then caught and forced to be a sex slave. She could still remember some Japanese words. Lin Hailan talked about her heroic deeds, including stealing the enemy's bullets and stealthily transporting them to the Chinese army. She also described the violent behavior of the Japanese at the station. Li Meijin provided some details about Japanese atrocities in her village, and her relationship with her husband after coming back from captivity. But most survivors remained silent in the scenes, or collapsed during their narration. To record their current living conditions, the director shot their daily lives, including activities such as cloth-washing, cooking, and entertainments with other old people. Most of these women, however, have lived lonely and dreary later lives. Their current bad conditions and the past interact to create this unfortunate destiny. The director also interviewed family members and others who helped the survivors during these later years, reflecting different aspects of their lives. Korean cameraman An Shihong expressed his sympathy for the women's current living conditions, and claimed his purpose for interviewing them was to make more people aware of their situation, and therefore provide support. Chen Houzhi, a farm worker who had spent sixteen years helping these women and collecting materials for a lawsuit, nevertheless felt that asking them to remember their traumatic experiences was a...

Filmy Eldara Riazanowa w Polsce – z zagadnień recepcji

Eldar Ryazanov directed films including The Irony of Fate, Station for Two, Carnival Night, Beware of the Car, and Office Romance. These films, regarded as cult classics in Russia (the former Soviet Union), are also known to Polish fans of Russian films. This paper takes account of two periods of reception of Ryazanov’s films in Poland: primary reception (1960s – 1980s) and secondary reception (beginning of 2000s). The reception analysis was conducted based on the following materials: press articles, collective monographs, Polish Television archival material and internet forums. Consequently, several areas of interest of critics and viewers were identified, including the following: 1) the plot, 2) aesthetic and artistic impressions, 3) the reference of the director’s works to the works of the Polish film industry, 4) the director’s artistry, 5) the cast, 6) the quality of translation.

What sustains viewer interest in a natural scene?

What sustains viewer interest in a natural scene?

The Popularity of Asian Drama Series on Malaysian Television

The Asian drama series has reached high popularity level among local viewers since this popular culture has penetrated into our local entertainment industry. The scheduling of the government or the private television stations specific to Asian drama series has increased when the response is very encouraging from the local viewers. Viewers are an important commodity in the capitalist system whereby when a cultural product obtains high viewing rating, automatically the popularity is also going to be high. Thus, for these Asian dramas series to achieve popularity, they need to draw the interest and demand of viewers in this region, where it can be explained through the concept of regionalization. Regionalization gives the priority to the psychology and phenomenon about the cultural approach and the cultural discount. This concept justifies the phenomenon of Asian drama series popularity in the Asian region. The content analysis and interview have been used in this study to analyze the elements contained in the Asian drama series, and whether or not they contribute to their popularity also perspective from local drama producers towards this phenomenon. Similarities in terms of the theme, characterization and narratives contained in the popular Asian drama series in this current work are the method and approach adopted in this work to reduce the cultural discount whereby through this similarity it has started to build the identity and characteristics of the Asian drama series seen as accepted and welcome by Asian viewers- something which is known as the cultural approach. The outcome of the study also shows that from the mainstream theme, good scripts, the right choice of artists and appropriate theme songs in the drama that they contribute to high popularity and altogether leave an impact to the Malaysian TV industry. Producers are in full authority not only in executive work but also in terms of the creativity. The decision made by a producer of a drama is vital to render a drama series a success.

Optimizing Quality of Experience for Adaptive Bitrate Streaming via Viewer Interest Inference

Rate adaptation is widely adopted in video streaming to improve the quality of experience (QoE). However, most of the existing rate adaptation approaches neglect the underlying video semantic information. In fact, influenced by video semantics and viewer preferences, the viewer may have different degrees of interest on different parts of a video. The interesting parts of a video can draw more visual attention from the viewer and have higher visual importance. As such, delivering the parts of a video that are interesting to the viewer in a higher quality can improve the perceptual video quality, compared with the semantics-agnostic approaches that treat each part of a video equally. Thus, it is natural to wonder: how to allocate bitrate budgets temporally over a video session under time-varying bandwidth while considering viewer interest? As an exploratory study, we propose an interest-aware rate adaptation approach for improving QoE by inferring viewer interest based on video semantics. We adopt the deep learning method to recognize the scenes of video frames and leverage the term frequency-inverse document frequency method to analyze the degrees of an individual viewer's interest on different types of scenes. The bandwidth, buffer occupancy, and viewer interest are jointly considered under the model predictive control framework for selecting appropriate bitrates for maximizing QoE. The objective and subjective evaluations measured in a real environment show that our method can achieve a higher QoE compared with the semantics-agnostic approaches.