Cultural Point Of View Research Articles

Eroso trauma Vitalijos Pilipauskaitės-Butkienės ir Tomo Petrulio poezijoje

This article aims to raise and reveal the relationship between eros and trauma in contemporary Lithuanian poetry. The object of the article is the situation of the trauma of eros in contemporary Lithuanian poetry, which manifests itself as a significant part of the phenomenon of eros for the experience of the lyrical subject and the perception of the world. This situation is represented by the most relevant contemporary poetry from the following authors and collections: Vitalija Pilipauskaitė-Butkienė’s “Breath” (2015) and Tomas Petrulis’ “Sterile” (2020). The problem of the article is the intersubjectivity of the human body in a relationship, allowing the subject to experience not only himself but also another who, through his bodily touch, causes suffering. The article uses the phenomenological perspective of trauma to attempt to answer the questions of what trauma is, what is the relationship between eros and trauma, and what identity of modern poetry is revealed by the violation of the body occurring in the social environment. The research is carried out using the methodologies of Alfred Schutz’s social phenomenology and Husserl’s phenomenology. It is also based on the research of trauma theorists Gabriele Schwab and Sonia Sonia Baelo-Allué and the thoughts of other philosophers relevant to the article. In the poetry of Petrulis, the eros experienced by the subject marks aspects of modern everyday life from a philosophical, social, and cultural point of view. In poetry, the motif of the (used) body is clear, tense, and rich in erotic, pornographic images. In contemporary Lithuanian poetry, violence and traumatic experiences manifest as part of the phenomenon of eros. In Pilipauskaitė-Butkienė’s poetry, the body experiences constantly recurring physical and emotional abuse. Directing another force to the body of the subject is constructed in a frightening, open world in which not only the use of a body subjected to physical force constructs the concept of eros but also a motif of spiritual suffering when the subject reflects on the meaning, guilt, eroticism of the body.

The Impact of the Local Environment on Achieving an Atmosphere in Interior Architecture

Studies of atmosphere considerably expand the humanist aspect of architectural and urban design theory. Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, the concept of atmosphere went beyond aesthetics, to the field of anthropology, musicology, art criticism, architecture and urban design. However, this term is still new in Egyptian studies, where the concept of atmosphere is abbreviated with the concept of identity or mood. Therefore, this research sheds light on thephilosophicalnotion of the term atmosphere in the field of interior architecture. One of the most important goals of interior architecture, besides achieving the physical function, is designing interior spaces that achieve an atmosphere of a distinctive character that bears aesthetic values ​​and meanings that affect the human psychologically and physiologically. This research studies the possibility of achieving an atmosphere of a distinctive character inspired by the different local environments in Egypt. It displays the importance of atmosphere in interior architecture and the methods of achieving it from the point of view of scholars. A set of criteria is deduced that includes methods of deriving design elements from the surrounding environment, such as shape, colour, materials, shade and light. Then, three models of interior architecture in three different Egyptian local environments are analysed. The research studies the extent to which each building’s design elements are inspired by their surrounding environment. Then, it analyses how these elements are implemented in the interior architecture to create sensory and psychological experiences. The research concludes that the Egyptian local environments are diverse and rich. It is possible to extract design elements from it, whether from an environmental, social, heritage and cultural point of view. This interior architecture designs creates an atmosphere that maintains psychological and mental health, which is considered one of the Sustainable Development Goals to achieve a better life. Research problem: Does the inspiration from local environment achieve a distinctive atmosphere for contemporary interior architecture in Egypt? How can the local environment be used to inspire contemporary interior architecture that achieves a distinctive atmosphere, and connect the building with the place and the user? Research objective: The research seeks to study the extent to which an atmosphere of a distinctive nature is achieved in the interior architecture of Egypt.

Category shift and its meaning shift in the translation of ANTARA news’ press releases

This research aimed to investigate the types, the most dominant types of category shifts, and meaning shifts that occurred in the category shift found in the English to the Indonesian press releases on ANTARA news. The descriptive qualitative was used to investigate the data. The theories were applied, namely Catford (1965) and Simatupang (2000). Furthermore, this research took three samples of the press releases on ANTARA news. The data were taken from looking at the official website of ANTARA news. Then, the data were put in the table consisting of SL and TL. After resolving the analysis of each category shift, the researcher found 306 data. Structure shifts occurred to the number of 139 data or 45 %, intra-system shifts were 85 data or 28 %, unit shifts were 72 data or 24 %, and class shifts occurred are 10 data or 3 %. The most dominant category shift was structure shift. Furthermore, the result of meaning shifts, there were 300 data or 98% for no meaning shift. The result of the specific to generic and vice versa as well as the cultural point of view had 3 data or 1% for each type.

Digital Technologies Role in the Preservation of Jewish Cultural Heritage: Case Study Heyman House, Oradea, Romania

The Jewish architectural heritage is and will remain an integral part of the local cultural heritage, but part of it still needs to be discovered, rehabilitated, maintained and valued. For Oradea, a Central–Eastern European city, this challenge is very specific because the Jewish communities before World War II were very strong and prosperous and because of the current desire to assert the city in the tourism market through urban regeneration. The Jewish community of Oradea had an important representative in Éva Heyman, a child of the Holocaust, nicknamed “Anne Frank of Transylvania”, which became famous. At the age of 13 years, Éva Heyman kept a diary during the Jewish ghettos in Oradea. In addition to the diary, her story is about the house where she grew up, built in the Art Nouveau style at the center of Oradea. Even though this house is of inestimable value from an aesthetic and cultural point of view, very little is known among the local population. Moreover, it is not listed as a historical monument, and its current state of preservation is precarious. With the increasing importance of preserving cultural heritage and computer graphics development, the digitization of historical buildings began to be used more and more for evaluation, preservation and promotion. This paper attempts to highlight the story of Éva Hayman and the house where she grew up. The paper further presents the innovative methods by which it is desired to achieve the presented goal for this architectural jewel. The results show that three-dimensional digitization methods are powerful tools for preservation and use for the benefit of the general public, education professionals, administrators and investors, art historians, restorers, etc., who are concerned with the collection preservation, exploration and mediation of the Jewish cultural heritage.

A multigroup SEM analysis of the antecedents and moderating influence of culture on workplace deviance behavior

PurposeAntecedents and outcomes of workplace deviance have been studied over the past few decades but there is still a lack of research from an organizational climate, witness and cultural point of view. Theoretical considerations for the present research are based on the social cognitive theory perspective where the authors expect employees's involvement in workplace destructive deviance would depend on their organizational climate perception, witness behavior and cultural orientation.Design/methodology/approachA total of 987 participants from India (N = 404) and USA (N = 583) completed an online questionnaire, and multi-group structural equation modeling analysis was conducted to test the hypothesized model.FindingsAcross cultural groups, higher collectivism is associated with lower engagement in workplace deviance. Furthermore, employees' higher intervening witness behavior is associated with lower destructive deviant behaviors when employees showed higher endorsement of collectivism in India (not USA). However, employees' higher self-serving witness behavior is associated with higher destructive deviant behaviors. Interestingly, employees with higher endorsement of individualism associated with organizational climate are more likely to engage in destructive deviance.Originality/valueThe main originality of this study is to further increase the understanding of the relationship between organizational climate, witness behavior (self-serving and intervening behavior) and workplace deviance (organizational and interpersonal destructive deviance) considering the role of employees' cultural orientation (individualism vs collectivism).

Study on the Formation Mechanism of the Spatial Characteristics of Ancient Village Streets from the Perspective of Design Culturology: A Case Study of Hongcun, Anhui Province

As the most representative element of ancient villages, street space reflects the development context and characteristics of ancient villages. In the face of the study of the characteristic form of street space, we should first understand the characteristics of street space. Articles in huizhou hong cun, for example, starting from the big cultural viewpoint of design cultural perspective, through on-the-spot investigation and the historical data, from the ancient village space elements, streets space interface composition and node space, etc., analyzed the cultural viewpoint about characteristics of street space in the form of the influence, we reveal the characters of street Spaces included, deep, It is expected to provide reference for the research and understanding of ancient villages from the perspective of design culture.

Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Native Maize from the Jalisco Highlands and Their Influence on the Nixtamalization Process

From a cultural point of view, Maize is the most important crop in Mexico, and is also an essential food in the Mexican diet. This study aimed to evaluate the physical and chemical characteristics of maize grain and their influence on the quality of dough and tortillas produced with three native maize cultivars from western Mexico. Physical, structural, and chemical characteristics of the grain were evaluated, including hectolitric weight, 100-grain weight, flotation index, grain structure, grain color, pedicel, pericarp, germ, and floury endosperm, vitreous endosperm, ethereal extract, and protein. Nixtamal and tortilla quality include nixtamal moisture, dough moisture, freshly made tortilla moisture, total soluble solids, pericarp remnant, dough yield, and hot tortilla yield. In general, statistical differences (p ≤ 0.05) were found in almost all variables analyzed. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed that two principal components (PCs), described approximately 79% of the variation, and a positive correlation between the characteristics of freshly made tortilla moisture (FMTM), dough yield (DY), and nixtamal moisture (NM), as well as dough moisture (DM) and hot tortilla yield (HTY). Future studies on these and other native maize cultivars of western Mexico must be conducted to assess the physicochemical and phytochemical characteristics of maize grains that may be useful for food and pharmaceutical applications, contributing to the conservation, propagation, and use of natural and ancient resources.

Influence of Cross-Cultural Factors about Sexism, Perception of Severity, Victimization, and Gender Violence in Adolescent Dating Relationships.

The phenomenon of adolescent dating violence directed towards women is a widespread social health problem all over the world. Various investigations over time have analysed and studied this problem from different perspectives, taking into account both the aggressors and the victims. However, apart from these perspectives there are other approaches that have been less explored. This study analyses the phenomenon from a cultural point of view. It looks at the way in which variables such as hostile sexism, benevolent sexism, and the perception of severity attributed to violent behaviour perpetrated by the aggressor can differ depending on the country of origin of a group of victimized adolescent women, specifically, from Spain and Ecuador. The data analysis, based on the construction of a moderated mediation model, revealed that while hostile sexism seems to be linked to a greater extent with traditional cultures, benevolent sexism is highly relevant in today’s society, and modifies the severity that young female victims attribute to violent behaviour and ultimately affects the frequency of victimization. These results revealed the importance of culture and the way in which violence is perceived in different countries as an essential aspect that must be taken into account to guide the construction of effective prevention programs adapted to the specific target groups of adolescents.

PERCEPTIONS OF MILLENIAL GENERATIONS IN JAKARTA TOWARDS TRADITIONAL FOOD OF BUGIS CAKES VIEW FROM A CULTURAL POINT

Indonesia is very rich in cultural diversity. An example is a traditional food. The existence of conventional food has begun to shift with the entry of ethnic cuisine into Indonesia, especially the millennial generation who are more interested in modern food. This study aims to find out how the millennial generation in Jakarta views the traditional food of Bugis cake from a cultural point of view. The research methodology is quantitative descriptive research, and the data collection technique used is a questionnaire and literature study. Sampling was done by non-probability sampling and purposive sampling techniques. The sample of this research is 100 millennial generations in Jakarta who have ever consumed Bugis cake. The data analysis method uses single table analysis using frequency and percentage tables. The results showed that most of the perceptions of the millennial generation were in a positive category, 77%, while the negative was 4%, and the remaining 19% were neutral or average. This research concludes that most millennials know and understand the cultural elements of traditional Bugis cakes. The millennial generation will explore more about traditional food through books, websites or blogs. It is also hoped that the millennial generation can promote and make traditional food innovations so that traditional foods can keep up with the times.

Penamaan Semantis dan Pandangan Budaya pada Jajanan Pasar Jawa Barat

This research aims to describe the semantic classification of the names of West Java street foods and to reveal cultural views that are represented through the names of West Java street foods. The theory used in this research is the naming theory proposed by Chaer (2009) and the ethnosemantic theory presented by Baehaqie (2017). A descriptive qualitative approach was used in this research with two types of data: written and oral. Listening and speaking methods were used to obtain the data. The data were analysed using the referential equivalent method with the basic technique of comparison and the advanced technique of equalizing comparison (HBS). Data analysis in this research uses an ethnosemantic approach. Formal and informal methods were used to present the data. The result of this research shows that the semantic naming of West Java street foods has varied classifications, including (a) mention of distinctive characteristics, (b) inventor and creator, (c) place of origin, (d) ingredients, (e) similarity, (f) shortening, and (g) new naming. Furthermore, West Java street foods have three functions from a cultural point of view. Those three functions are the enjoyment function, social function, and ritual function.

On the historicity of the development and evolution of the concept of globalization

Globalization is a world-class phenomenon, and it is the cross-border and cultural spread of factors such as the production of products, the application of technology, the dissemination of information, and jobs among different countries. Globalization is a widespread phenomenon that includes economic, political, social, cultural and legal factors. From the economic point of view, globalization explains the free trade in which different countries are interdependent through various forms. From the political point of view, the evolution of globalization is developing towards the structure of intergovernmental organizations, such as the WTO and the United Nations. From the social and cultural point of view, globalization makes the interaction and cultural exchange among ethnic groups closer. Globalization also represents the exchange and collision of cultural concepts, thoughts and artistic expressions among different regions. In addition, there is a general trend of globalization towards a single world culture. From the perspective of law, globalization has adjusted the construction and implementation of international law. In the author's opinion, globalization is not a new concept in recent decades. In ancient human society a long time ago, there were merchants who traveled long distances to another country and region, taking their hometown specialties for sale, or bringing overseas specialty products back to their hometown for sale. With the development of industrial revolution, it created a great leap in the development of transportation and communication means for human society in the 19th century, and also greatly reduced the difficulty of cross-border trade. Through a brief analysis of the historical evolution of economic globalization, political globalization and social and cultural globalization, this paper shows that globalization is the result of historical development in recent centuries, rather than a fresh product in recent decades.

Archaeobotanical Study of Tell Khamîs (Syria)

Tell Khamîs, an archaeological site of the Syrian region of Upper Jazeera, is 3 km east of the Euphrates and 31 km from Yarâblûs (ancient Karkemiš); archaeological excavations determined seven different levels (Early Bronze, Middle Bronze, Aramaic, Assyrian, Persian, Hellenistic, and Islamic). This study aims to identify plant remains recovered during the excavation of the site and to place them within the chronology of Tell Khamîs and in the context of the archaeobotanical evidence for the Upper Euphrates. A total of 88 sediment samples were collected, and seeds, recovered via flotation, were identified using optical and SEM microscopy. A total of 20,606 whole remains and 37,646 fragments belonging to 92 taxa and 35 plant families were identified. Seed lists were compared with those from other sites, and the results were analyzed using multivariate techniques. Barley is particularly noteworthy for the number of remains; this species was found in 49 different samples, notably, in a silo of about 4 m3 in volume. Middle Bronze Age and Assyrian levels are the richest in remains; the site presents a maximum of documented activity in the Middle Bronze Age period, and the most interesting taxa from a paleoenvironmental and cultural point of view are represented by one or a few seeds.

RURAL ANTHROPONYMICON OF THE XXI CENTURY: WHAT FEMALE NAMES KEEP

The study of a person within the framework of the anthropocentric paradigm does not lose its relevance. On the contrary, in the 21st century it acquires new meanings. The study of the folk language of the inhabitants of a little-known village reveals great opportunities for gaining knowledge about its speakers. It is quite obvious that changes in society are mirrored in people's speech. However, in a small settlement, we observe a certain conservatism in the use of territorially limited vocabulary in a team and its stability. What is the modern village anthroponymicon? What do female nicknames keep? An analysis of the unofficial names of the fairer sex helps to get an answer to the questions posed, including a description of their meanings, metaphor words, emotional-evaluative coloration and part of speech affiliation. During the survey, 142 nicknames were represented, they are clearly demonstrated and classified into different groups in accordance with their meaning. Becoming an identifier for women, the village nameplate adds flavor to the village environment. It is reflected in the dialectal picture of the world. The linguistic material is interesting both from a philological and a cultural point of view, it is unique in its kind. The conclusions obtained as a result of the work can have practical and theoretical application.

“Hominids with an Infected Brain” Engage in Viral Debate: Agamben and Žižek on the Impact of the Coronavirus Pandemic on Human Relationships

“Hominids with an Infected Brain” Engage in Viral Debate: Agamben and Žižek on the Impact of the Coronavirus Pandemic on Human Relationships

HANDICRAFT ARTISANS OF RURAL GUJARAT: FROM THE VIEW POINT OF EXPERTS

Handicraft Industry of India is one of the most important sectors for economic, social and cultural point of view. Handicrafts of Gujarat such as Hand embroidery, Pottery work, Bamboo work, Hand-made jewellery, Bead-work, Tie-dye work, Patolas, Woolen blankets and shawls, Tangaliya, Namdhas, Wood carving, Lacquer work, Ivory inlay boxes, Patara making, Zari-work. Pithora painting, Kalamkari, Warli painting, Metal art, Stone carving, etc. are famous worldwide. But the scenario has been changing in the present era of heavy industrialization, technological advancement and globalization. Despite various government and non government programmes, policies and schemes to protect the interest of handicraft artisans, the result is still not satisfactory. There must be proper means, methods and efforts to enhance the income of the artisans so that they can be economically and socially powerful. It is required to have the fair opinion of experts who have been directly or indirectly involved in the field of handicraft promotion programmes. Hence, the experts like government officials, NGO workers, fashion designers, handicraft project coordinators, trainers, etc have been selected as respondents so that we can come to know about grass-root realities and the prevailing facts. For this purpose opinion and suggestions of 40 experts have been collected and analyzed so that appropriate strategies and policies can be designed keeping in view the priority of actions needed.

AN ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS-EDUCATOR’S POLITENESS STRATEGY TOWARD ONLINE COMMUNICATION IN EFL CONTEXT

The ease of online communication in the current era seems to still leave issue that really need to be considered. Politeness in communicating between educators and students in carrying out message activities is one of the essential issues to be discussed. The lack of politeness between teachers in communicating, the large possibility of free communication when carrying out online communication, and the low awareness of teachers in emphasizing the importance of politeness in communication are some of the main problems that need to be resolved. This study aims to analyze the use of politeness strategies in communication between educators and students in EFL and try to analyze deeper what types of strategies are used by teachers and students in communicating, the steps they take to online communication, and get to know deeper regarding to the importance of politeness in communication. This research uses library research method and case study method to analyze the data. In addition to obtaining data from previous research sources, the authors also obtained data from ELE Undiksha lecturers and students. The theory expressed by Brown and Levinson in 1987 is the theory that underlies the analysis of this data which is the analysis of politeness strategy in communicating. From the literature study and also the case study method used to analyze the findings, it was found that the politeness strategy was more widely used by students than teachers, this was related to social position and age. The strategies used are positive politeness and bald on-record which are mostly used by students. On the other hand, negative politeness and off-record strategies are mostly used by teachers. It was also found that students used politeness more than their teachers and from a cultural point of view, the social status that separates teachers and students in Indonesia demands being able to give respect to the educators.Keywords: Politeness strategies, online communication, EFL context

MOISTURE RESISTANCE OF EARTHEN COATINGS STABILIZED WITH GLYCEROL

One of the fundamental components of earth architecture is its coatings because they protect structures from atmospheric and anthropic agents. However, due to the hygroscopic nature of the earth, the plasters are highly vulnerable to rain and groundwater absorption. To deal with these agents of decay, experts and artisans have tested with different stabilizing substances throughout history. This article reviews a series of experiments based on verifying the use of small glycerol fractions to increase the durability and resistance of the earth coatings. Glycerol is a byproduct of various industrial processes, such as the production of biodiesel. Recently, there has been a significant increase in its production, making it a viable resource to consolidate and protect both historical building components and contemporary buildings. We analyzed comparatively mortars of natural earth, and others stabilized with glycerol to verify the cohesiveness, quantity of water required, and drying time. Subsequently, we performed flat tests and plasters applied on walls to undergo capillary absorption conditions and rain impact. An increase in the cohesiveness of the mortars added with glycerol of 12%, decreases the amount of water required for the mixtures by 18% and the drying time rises by almost 7 hours. The stabilized specimens absorbed 26% less water by capillarity, and the exposed coatings to weather conditions maintain their integrity after eight months of staying outdoors. Earthen mortars that were enriched with small volumes of glycerol developed a highly positive response to these factors, which are the most likely to provoke the earth plasters and the structures they protect. It is possible to have a material that improves the mixtures of soil and is sustainable from an economic, ecological, and cultural point of view.

아라이 하쿠세키의 ‘일본정신’과 ‘중화’적 시선 - ‘천하유용의 학’의 행방 -

This paper focuses on Arai Hakuseki (16571725) of the Edo period and his cultural viewpoints through the “Study of Useful Use”. Arai Hakuseki (新井白石) explored the origins of the Japanese language. He identified the Japanese mentality and spirit in the depths of the Japanese language. Based on this, Hakuseki established the identity of Japanese in his works. The Japanese identity developed in the direction of strengthening the ‘national body’ as a form of national consciousness. Hakuseki's national state and Japanese self-consciousness are clearly revealed in the attitude toward the Korean kingdom of Joseon through ‘Joseon scorn’. This view of ‘Joseon Scorn’ developed into a form of Japanese supremacism. This view of Joseon contempt developed into a Japanese-style of Chineseism as it was reinforced with a Japanese sense of superiority. Here the significant meaning behind Hakuseki's “Study of Useful Use” can be interpreted.

Minorities’ Participation in Multicultural Societies

Multicultural societies are characterized by people of different races, ethnicities, and nationalities living together in the same community. Multiculturalism views that cultures, races, and ethnicities, particularly those of minority groups, deserve special acknowledgment of their differences within a dominant political culture. Most modern democracies comprise members with diverse cultural viewpoints, practices, and contributions. Many minority cultural groups have experienced exclusion or the denigration of their contributions and identities in the past. Multiculturalism seeks the inclusion of the views and contributions of diverse members of society while maintaining respect for their differences and withholding the demand for their assimilation into the dominant culture. Multiculturalism is both a response to the fact of cultural pluralism in modern democracies and a way of compensating cultural groups for past exclusion, discrimination, and oppression. This paper tries to answer the importance of democratic and effective participation of minorities in the national life of plural societies.

Bali Adnyana Versus Surya Kanta Balinese Culture Dynamics Perspective

In the 1920s, the Surya Karta and Bali Adnyana Associations emerged in Bali. They represented modern versus traditional as outlined in the articles summarized in Surya Kanta and Bali Adnyana newspaper. The two did not reach common ground, so they continue to color the dynamics of Bali's history to this day. This study aims to find a meeting point for the teachings of the two associations as valuable lessons to build peace in Balinese society. This study was conducted through a literature study pertinent to the research topic and also used a social history approach model that was developed with a critical theory perspective as loved by those who pursue Cultural Studies. The object of the study is Surya Kanta and Bali Adnyana Association and the main data presented in this article is mostly taken from a book entitled Reform towards Perfect and Holistic Progress Surya Kanta Association's Ideas about Bali in the Future. The study shows that the ideas and actions of the Surya Kanta association are fundamental because they can function as moral schools for the Balinese today. The ideas expressed in their newspaper are very interesting from a cultural point of view. The conflict between Surya Kanta and Bali Adnyana is also related to caste in Bali, which continues today. If the Balinese could use this event as a moral school, then the Balinese would certainly not continuously keep repeating the same mistakes. Because we do not want to learn from history, the conflict between the nations continues.