View Of Self Research Articles

Envy: definitions, approaches and implications

ABSTRACT While envy is a complex emotion to date, voluminous work has been done on the subject; however, no study has been conducted to resolve the debate on key envy-related concepts such as its definition, approaches and dimensions. Having its roots back in 1712, the explorations about envy have radically increased, especially in the twenty-first century, resulting in myriad theoretical and empirical developments. This paper takes this initiative by reviewing 76 systematically selected articles published in the services context in 41 journals to summarize the evolution of envy while addressing key research questions (what is envy, its nature, antecedents, and outcomes). Based on the review, this study tries to resolve the debate regarding two key elements of envy: its definition and approaches, i.e. unitary and dual. Following the unitary approach, we reported the most practical definition of envy and found that the view of self generates positive outcomes, and the view of others generates negative outcomes of envy.

Recombinant factor IX Fc prophylaxis reduces pain and increases levels of physical activity, with sustained, long-term improvements in patients with hemophilia B: post hoc analysis of phase III trials using patient-reported outcomes.

Pain is a common symptom of hemophilia that may adversely affect patients' quality of life (QoL). Previous post hoc analyses of prophylaxis with recombinant factor IX Fc fusion protein (rFIXFc) have been published for adults and adolescents, demonstrating improvements in health-related QoL (HRQoL) when assessed by the haemophilia-specific QoL (HaemAQoL) questionnaire. To describe in depth the evolution of QoL, pain- and activity-related domains and questions for pediatric, adolescent, and adult patients with hemophilia B treated with rFIXFc prophylaxis. A post hoc analysis of data from a series of clinical trials. This post hoc, long-term analysis assessed patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from the Kids B-LONG (NCT01440946: pediatric) and B-LONG (NCT01027364: adults and adolescents) parent studies and the B-YOND (NCT01425723: all age groups) extension study. Ninety-two adult and adolescent patients that started in the B-LONG study were assessed, with a median (range) duration of follow-up of 58.9 (0.0-78.4) months. The Haem-A-QoL total score was significantly reduced from baseline by 4.45 (p ⩽ 0.01), as were the subdomains 'physical health' (9.10; p = 0.001), 'sports and leisure' (11.25; p ⩽ 0.01), 'treatment' (2.69; p = 0.05), and 'view of self' (5.81; p = 0.002). Thirty pediatric patients that started in the Kids B-LONG study were assessed, with a median (min-max) duration of follow-up of 36.7 (9.0-59.9) months. The high level of satisfaction demonstrated by the PROs at baseline was maintained. rFIXFc prophylaxis reduced perceived pain and increased levels of physical activity with sustained, long-term improvements in QoL in adult and adolescent patients with hemophilia B and maintained high QoL scores in pediatric patients.

Assessing the Adlerian Lifestyle through Tattoo Narratives

Using narrative inquiry, we explored 10 participants’ tattoo narratives. The purpose of this qualitative study was to see how participants’ tattoo narratives reflect their lifestyle as conceptualized in Adlerian theory. Results indicate that participants used tattoo narratives to reveal information related to the assumed premises of the lifestyle syllogism. Three themes emerged from a thematic narrative analysis of the interviews: (a) view of self, (b) view of others, and (c) view of the world. Key concepts that emerged from a discussion of the themes were (a) communicative power of tattoos and (b) spirituality. Limitations, recommendations for future qualitative and quantitative research, and implications for practice were discussed.

At the roots of attribution of human rights to migrants.

This study (N = 141, M age = 20.15) aimed at deepening knowledge on the factors that can lead young adults to deny the inalienability of human rights to migrants by examining whether, under realistic and symbolic intergroup threat (versus no-threat), the denial of human rights to migrants increases. In doing so, the role of fraternalistic relative deprivation in mediating this relation was examined. Also, two potential positive factors were considered: in-depth exploration of personal identity in the educational domain and identification with the human group. Intergroup threat was expected to enhance perceived relative deprivation, thus reducing the attribution of human rights to migrants. Such relation was expected to be mediated by those factors expressing complex views of self and others (in-depth exploration of identity in the educational domain and identification with the human group). Realistic and symbolic threat were experimentally manipulated through a written scenario. In the no-threat condition, no scenario was presented. Showed significant effects of intergroup threat on the attribution of human rights to migrants, on perceived fraternalistic relative deprivation, on in-depth exploration of identity in the educational domain and identification with the human group. More specifically, intergroup realistic threat, but not symbolic threat, reduced the attribution of human rights to migrants and identification with the human group. Symbolic threat, but not realistic threat, increased the perception of fraternalistic relative deprivation, whereas both realistic and symbolic threat reduced in-depth exploration of identity in the educational domain, and identification with the human group. As shown by the sequential mediation analysis, and as expected, the effect of intergroup threat in reducing attribution of human rights to migrants was mediated by in-depth exploration of identity in the educational domain, identification with the human group, and fraternalistic relative deprivation. Implications of findings concerning the processes underlying identification with the human group and its beneficial effects in terms of humanization of a stigmatized outgroup were highlighted by stressing the intertwined nature of personal identity and social identity processes. The importance of complex views of self and others in helping to create inclusive generations of adults was also highlighted.

‘You Can’t Delete a Memory’: Managing the Data Past on Social Media in Everyday Life

This article explores how the data past on social media, in the form of packaged ‘memories’, is managed by people in everyday life. Drawing on interview and focus group data, I examine how people make sense of data as ‘memories’ and how these are negotiated and managed when considered painful, awkward, or simply ‘out of place’. As such, the article outlines and discusses three specific ‘tactics’ used to manage the data past in everyday life. First, I explore the use of ‘deletion’ and how it foregrounds ways in which people seek to render certain aspects of their data past invisible, especially memories considered painful or inconsistent with the current view of self. Second, through the tactic of ‘delaying’, the article examines how some participants sought to delay emotional engagements with digital memories rather than to delete them. Finally, the tactic of ‘linking’ highlights the ways in which people sought to make sense of data as memories that were insufficiently contextualised, disjointed, or that felt simply out of place. As such, the article contributes to our understanding of the ways in which people make sense of data as well as some of the complex dynamics inherent in contemporary digital memory work.

Josiah Royce: A Neglected Figure and a Valuable Resource in Mining the Pragmatism/Phenomenology Interactions for Current Philosophical Inquiry

In asking to what extent the interaction between pragmatism and phenomenology offers a valuable resource for re-imaging the limits and potentialities of philosophical inquiry, one needs to acknowledge, first, that pragmatist philosophers, beginning with Josiah Royce, actively contributed to the re-elaboration of the issues and strategies of phenomenology in the American context. Secondly, it will be argued that the philosophies of the classical pragmatists, Peirce, Royce, James, and Dewey, contain important resources for creating a new understanding of the human self and of the role of philosophy. We will discuss contributing elements from each of the Classical Pragmatists but focus on the neglected contributions of Josiah Royce. We argue that Royce posits important theses that are valuable to our inquiry: his view of self as “expressive,” i.e. through facial and bodily gestures, through cooperative activities such as art, language, custom, religion, understood via a study of the “expressive signs of mental life”; his idea of science as a thoroughly human enterprise; his belief that habits are common to both physical and mental phenomena; his views on knowledge of other minds and how two minds can know the same thing; and his belief in the social grounding of physical knowledge.

“Oh it’s changed, it’s changed 10-fold”: understanding the experience of self-concept change from the perspectives of people with multiple sclerosis

Purpose The relevance of self-concept change in the process of psychosocial adjustment following multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosis has become more apparent in recent years. The current study aimed to investigate the experience of self-concept change as described by an MS sample. Methods Sixteen people (aged 26–67 years, 62.5% female) who had been living with MS for an average of 12 years, participated in a single online semi-structured interview. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Results Thematic analysis guided by phenomenology produced three superordinate themes: 1) Changing life (salient external events that were related to changing views of self), 2) Changing self (the experience of self-concept change), and 3) Changing thoughts (the internal thought processes that served as the filter between changing life circumstances and changing self-views). Overall, external events appeared to facilitate a process of internally driven revaluations and redefinitions of self-concept both globally and within specific self domains. Conclusion Self-concept change due to MS emerges as a complex internal process, often arising from external challenges and changes in everyday life. These novel findings illustrate the need to better support people with MS to make sense of changes to their self-concept, particularly during key transitions across the illness. Implications for Rehabilitation Self-concept change following MS diagnosis and throughout the disease course has wide-ranging impacts on psychological adjustment. Several key external events contribute to changing the self-views of people living with MS. While external events prompt change, key internal processes likely facilitate the redefinition of self-concept. Targeted support during key transitional periods to assist pwMS to productively renegotiate and manage these changes to their self-concept is needed.

Exploring Ageism as a Structure of Consciousness Across the Female Life Course Through the Work of Simone de Beauvoir.

Drawing on the work of Simone de Beauvoir, this paper considers ageism as a structure of consciousness, with important convergences with, as well as departures from, those associated with gender. Specifically, it explores the double consciousness through which the self is experienced negatively as old, at 2 points in a woman's life course, namely midlife and "old age." The first kind of ageism works through the double standard of aging and the gender hierarchy, whereby women can no longer successfully comply with the objectification of the male gaze. This is a moment of intense age consciousness, tainted by a gendered narrative of decline, working jointly from the outside in and from the inside out. The second form of ageism has its source in the social world, in the reactions of other people to old age, resulting in an uneasy dialectic between one's own sense of an ageless or youthful self and the alien view of self as old. The paper proceeds as follows. After a brief account of Beauvoir's general philosophical approach, I compare and contrast the doubled consciousness associated with aging as a woman and with aging in a more general sense as described in The Second Sex and The Coming of Age, respectively. I then flesh out this conceptual framework by drawing on fiction and autofiction written by Beauvoir herself. Together, this approach vividly illuminates the important interconnections and intersections between ageism and sexism, the way they work together, as well as separately, across the female life course.

Becoming by doing: How women in academic health sciences build a leadership identity through project experiences

Purpose Leadership development programs often use institutional projects to activate learning. We explored how project work shaped leadership identity formation in senior women leaders from one academic health science center who enrolled in The Hedwig von Ameringen Executive Leadership in Academic Medicine (ELAM®) program. Materials and methods We interviewed ELAM Fellows and conducted a qualitative analysis of transcripts. Our primary analysis focused on the influences of projects on Fellows and institutions. Leadership identity formation emerged as a distinct pattern, so this narrative content was separated for secondary analysis. All authors approved the final assignment of themes and codes. Results Participants described a multi-dimensional process for developing a leadership identity. Themes encompassed participants’ View of Self and One’s Image as a Leader, Interpersonal Relationships, and Commitment to a Value-based Goal. These internal factors grounded external influences, such as interactions with colleagues and institutional leaders, and the world beyond the institution. Conclusions We examined the process of leadership identity formation from the perspective of women leaders in academic health sciences who completed an institutional project during a leadership development program. Findings illustrate how internal and external forces, experienced in the context of project work, combine to influence leadership identity formation in women.

Relationship between demoralization of the college student with their individual- and social-oriented self.

Demoralization has become increasingly prevalent among college students who have lost motivation in life and feel hopeless about their future. Many college students who demonstrate symptoms of demoralization are neglected because they might fail to typical symptoms of depression. Taiwanese college students are simultaneously influenced by bicultural-self system, such as individual- and social-oriented views of self, which vary considerably in the view of self, achievement motivation, and the value of self-realization, and may even create contradictory expectations and behavioral standard. The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent of the relationship between attitude towards demoralization, individual- and social-oriented views of self. Three-hundred fifty-six college students completed the online questionnaire, which was designed to explore their demoralization status and cultural differences. Four groups were divided into bicultural self, individual-oriented self, social-oriented self, and unintegrated self. Bicultural group demonstrated significantly lower demoralization overall scores than other groups. Moreover, the five dimensions of demoralization in college students were mostly significantly and negatively correlated with individual- and social-oriented views of self, indicating that college students' bicultural views of self may contribute to or prevent demoralization.

Insecurity and Self-Esteem: Elucidating the Psychological Foundations of Negative Attitudes toward Women

AbstractPolitical scientists recognize discriminatory attitudes as key to understanding a range of political preferences. Sexism is associated with both explicitly and non-explicitly gendered attitudes. But why do certain individuals display discriminatory attitudes, while others do not? Drawing from psychology, we examine the potential power of an underexplored set of personality traits—secure versus fragile self-esteem—in explaining gendered attitudes and preferences. With an online sample of (N = 487) U.S.-based participants, we find that fragile self-esteem is an important trait underlying individuals’ attitudes: individuals who display a discordant view of self—explicitly positive but implicitly negative—are more likely to hold hostile sexist attitudes and prefer men in leadership; these individuals are also more likely to support the Republican Party and former U.S. president Donald Trump. While present in only a fraction of the population, our results suggest that this trait may be important for understanding the development of discriminatory attitudes toward out-groups.

Factors promoting and inhibiting exercise for older women in Kyoto, Japan.

The main objective of this research was to explore promoting and inhibiting factors of exercise among older women in Kyoto, Japan to seek effective strategies for exercise promotion. More specifically, this research aimed to explore the role of possible selves, which can influence the current view of self and act as an incentive for future behavior, as a facilitator and/or barrier to exercise. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires and in-depth interviews among women aged 65 and above in Kyoto city through snowball sampling from August to September 2018. Transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis, then were summarized into a conceptual model. This research revealed a wide range of factors that promote or inhibit exercise. Beside well-known factors such as social factors, physical factors and beliefs about exercise, unexpected factors that seem strongly related to culture and aging in Japan were identified. The unique factors encapsulated in the category of {altruism} emerged as the significant barrier to exercise. In contrast, {egoism} emerged as an important facilitator of exercise. In conclusion, it may be possible to suggest that integrating the role of mother, wife, daughter or grandmother into exercise and its promotion may be beneficial for women aged 65 and above in Kyoto city. To generalize recommendations made, further research is required with a larger sample size and geographical area. Furthermore, findings may differ depending on the cultural background, generations and gender studied.

What does it mean to wear a mask?

AbstractIf first-order empathy is the ability of Self to take into account Other’s point of view, then second-order empathy may be identified as the ability of Self to take into account Other’s point of view as including a view of Self. Considering that a hearer may choose between a first-order empathic and a second-order empathic interpretation of speaker utterances, second-order empathy introduces a pervasive indeterminacy in speaker-hearer interactions. The paper introduces this ambiguity potential in terms of the semiotics of face mask wearing during the corona pandemic, and then extrapolates the ensuing pattern of interpretative options to representative speech acts. The interaction between degree of empathy on one hand, and on the other the convergence or divergence of speaker and hearer beliefs is shown to yield six basic interpretative configurations: assertion, mistake, agreement, disagreement, irony, deception. Recognizing this ambiguity potential of second-order empathy is relevant for linguistic intersubjectivity research and post-Gricean pragmatics, and for the psychological theory of mind paradigm.

“My head feels like it has gone through a mixer” – a qualitative interview study on recovery 1 year after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

Purpose To describe patients’ perceived and expected recovery 1 year after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Materials and methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 persons 1 year after aSAH. Inductive manifest qualitative content analysis was used. Results The analysis resulted in two categories and seven subcategories. The category “A spectrum of varying experiences of recovery” includes four subcategories describing physical recovery, mental recovery, alterations in social life, and perceived possibilities to return to normality. Some informants felt that life was almost as before, while others described a completely different life, including a new view of self, altered relationships, not being able to return to work, and effects on personal finances. The category “A spectrum of reflections and expectations of recovery” comprises three subcategories depicturing that expectations of recovery were influenced by existential thoughts, describing what they based own expectations of recovery on, and how expectations from others influenced them. Conclusions aSAH was perceived as a life-changing event. The changes impacted on informants’ view of self and relationships, and they perceived new barriers in their living conditions. Lack of information on expected recovery was expressed and expectations of recovery were at times unrealistic. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION Contracting an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a life-changing event with possible impact on a variety of areas in daily life. There is a need for improved information to aSAH survivors and their significant others on the course of the recovery and possible long-term consequences. aSAH survivors may need assistance to balance unrealistic expectations on recovery.

The Indian Context for Buddhist Reductionism

The Indian Context for Buddhist Reductionism Prabal Kumar Sen (bio) Personal Identity and Buddhist Philosophy: Empty Persons. By Mark Siderits. Second Edition. London and New York: Routledge, 2015. In 1984, Derek Parfit, in his book Reasons and Persons, argued in favor of the reductionist view about persons, which at that time aroused a great deal of controversy. Although Parfit’s views were not accepted by the majority of the exponents of Western analytic philosophy, in Personal Identity and Buddhist PhilosophyMark Siderits observes that Parfit did not abandon the view that “the existence of a person just consists in the existence of a brain and a body and the occurrence of a series of physical and psychological events” (pp. 19–20). While Parfit was aware of the fact that the Buddha also maintained a similar view, neither he nor his critics were aware of the fact that “in the Classical Indian controversy over the Buddha’s view of persons, philosophical tools were forged that might help us to adjudicate the dispute between Parfit and his many critics” (p. 1). [End Page 537] In the first edition of Personal Identity and Buddhist Philosophy, published in 2003, an attempt was made to show how such philosophical tools can actually be employed for solving some problems related to this dispute, and it was justifiably praised by discerning scholars for successfully developing “fusion philosophy,” where one finds “a serious and sustained effort to use elements from one tradition in order to solve problems arising in another” (p. 1). Siderits, however, also contends that since “[t]he Indian Buddhist philosophical corpus has not (yet) been declared a UNESCO World Heritage site” (p. 4), such tools borrowed from the Buddhist tradition may be put to novel uses and also that, in some cases, one may also go “into the terrain of rational reconstruction” (p. 4) and construe what the Buddhists could have said, in conformity with their basic tenets, if confronted with a novel problem that is being discussed in contemporary philosophy. In the second edition, important and relevant publications that have appeared in the intervening twelve years have been duly taken into account, and many portions of the first edition have been revised, or even rewritten in view of such new materials. The book has nine chapters: (1) Situating Reductionism; (2) Refuting the Self; (3) Getting Impersonal; (4) Wholes, Parts, and Emergence; (5) Ironic Engagement; (6) Establishing Emptiness; (7) Empty Knowledge; (8) The Turn of the True; and (9) Empty Persons. In the first five Siderits has considered the important objections raised so far against reductionism as developed by Parfit, and also discussed how suitable materials from Buddhist texts can be utilized for meeting such objections. In the last four chapters it has been shown how reductionism can be criticized, following the Buddhists who are Global Antirealists. The first chapter discusses “just what reductionism amounts to” (p. 5). Chapter 2 discusses several Buddhist arguments against “the view that the continued existence of a person consists in the continued existence of a self” (p. 5). The third chapter discusses how a number of objections raised against the reductionist view of self by Eliminativists and Non-Reductionists can be answered. The fourth chapter expounds the Buddhist view that no composite entity is ultimately real, and also discusses some objections against this view. The fifth chapter deals with the ethical consequences of this reductionist view of self, arguing in favor of the claim that such a thesis results in “a diminished degree of existential dread and greater concern for the welfare of others” (p. 6). The sixth chapter presents the objections against Buddhist reductionism that have been raised by Buddhist Antirealists, who deny the claim that there are things with intrinsic nature. The seventh chapter deals with another claim of the Buddhist Antirealists, that nothing is intrinsically a means of knowledge. The eighth chapter asks whether the charge against Antirealism—that it makes truth dependent on our ability to know—is true of the global anti-realism espoused by the Buddhistic sect that denies the intrinsic nature of things. The ninth chapter discusses the ethical consequences of the claim that persons are devoid of intrinsic nature. [End Page...

Factors Associated with Loneliness in Rural Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Focusing on Connection with Others.

The spread of COVID-19 is considered to have strengthened people’s awareness of others. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic has reduced connection with others among older adults and increased loneliness. This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting loneliness among older adults in rural areas during the COVID-19 pandemic by focusing on the connection with others. The target group included 932 rural Japanese adults, aged 65–74 years. An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted. Valid responses were obtained from 405 participants (valid response rate: 43.5%). A multiple regression analysis was performed using the forced entry method with loneliness as the dependent variable. The independent variables were those showing significant associations with loneliness based on the univariate analysis. Sex (β = −0.139), economic situation (β = −0.103), neighborhood ties (β = −0.260), independent view of self (β = −0.213), interdependent view of self (β = 0.171), and communication through phone (β = −0.128) were significantly associated with loneliness. Connection with others and subjective views of the relationship between self and others were associated with loneliness in situations where one was more aware of the behavior of oneself and others in an infectious disease pandemic.

Acceptance and forgiveness therapy for veterans with moral injury: spiritual and psychological collaboration in group treatment

The authors developed Acceptance and Forgiveness Therapy (AFT), a psychospiritual group intervention that guides veterans with moral injury experientially from a trauma-focused (damaged, broken, guilty, unforgivable, hopeless, unacceptable) to restorative (worthy, connected, hopeful, forgiven, responsible) view of self. A mental health (MH)-trained chaplain and MH provider, as co-leaders, provide psychoeducation, facilitate therapeutic interaction, and encourage home practice. The curriculum includes evidence-driven psychological interventions, spiritually oriented practices, and metaphor, story, and art to illustrate concepts and facilitate self-expression. Scores on the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 and Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-2 showed decreased distress and increased flexibility. Post-group drawings reflect renewed purpose, greater self-acceptance, and meaningful engagement with others. Retention rate across seven group administrations ranged from 50% to 100%. Outcomes suggest AFT is a promising practice for veteran moral injury meriting further study and implementation.

Adult Attachment as a Mediator of the Link Between Interpersonal Trauma and International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-11 Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Among College Men and Women.

Previous research indicates that insecure attachment patterns are associated with interpersonal trauma and posttraumatic symptomatology, and that they mediate various trauma-related symptoms. However, no study to date has examined whether these patterns mediate the link between interpersonal trauma and the newly recognized diagnostic features of complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD), as published by the World Health Organization (2019) in the 11th version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). Mediators of CPTSD are important to identify because they can provide a deeper understanding of the condition's etiology. Moreover, if amenable to clinical intervention, they can be targeted to improve treatment effectiveness. The purpose of the present study was to formally test our hypothesis that two underlying dimensions of adult attachment insecurity (i.e., attachment anxiety and avoidance) would mediate the link between interpersonal trauma and ICD-11 CPTSD symptoms. Participants were a culturally diverse sample of 169 college men and women. They completed a modified version of the Life Events Checklist (LEC-5), the revised Experiences in Close Relationships (ECR-R) scale, and the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ). Results of path analysis partially supported our hypothesis, indicating that attachment anxiety, but not avoidance, partially mediated the link between interpersonal trauma and PTSD and DSO ("Disturbances in Self-Organization") features of CPTSD. Although longitudinal research is needed, findings suggest that attachment anxiety may contribute to the development and maintenance of CPTSD symptoms following interpersonal trauma. Clinical interventions that help individuals rework and integrate representations of attachment that involve a fear of not being able to access adequate care and protection, and a negative view of self may be particularly useful in ameliorating the symptoms of CPTSD.

Changes in Trauma-Related Cognitions and Emotions After Eliciting Moral Elevation: Examining the Effects of Viewing Others' Virtuous Behavior on Veterans with PTSD.

Moral elevation is described as feeling inspired after witnessing someone perform a virtuous act. Past work suggests the features of moral elevation may be contrary to PTSD, yet few studies have directly tested its impact on relevant symptoms. This experimental study assessed changes in trauma-related cognitions and emotions from after a trauma reminder task to after an elevation induction exercise. We hypothesized that higher elevation after the induction exercise would be associated with greater reductions in cognitions and emotions. Veterans with probable PTSD (N = 38) completed measures of trauma-related cognitions and emotions, once after a written trauma narrative exercise (T1) and again after watching two videos designed to elicit elevation (T2). Veterans also completed measures of state elevation after each video. Results suggest veterans experienced small, significant decreases in self-blame (d = 0.36) and negative beliefs about others (d = 0.46), and medium, significant decreases in guilt (d = 0.68), shame (d = 0.60), and negative beliefs about self (d = 0.69) between T1 and T2. As hypothesized, higher elevation was associated with significantly greater reductions in multiple outcomes above and beyond the effects of general positive affect. Specifically, there were medium effects for changes in shame (β = -0.42, SE = 0.17, p = .019, Δf 2 = 0.25), negative view of others (β = -0.34, SE = 0.16, p = .044, Δf 2 = 0.20), and a large effect for changes in negative view of self (β = -0.31, SE = 0.13, p = .019, Δf 2 = 0.54). These findings suggest elevation may be well-suited to target trauma-related symptoms and future research should further examine its clinical utility.

Narratives of Change From Gay and Bisexual Men Living With HIV in an Emotional Well-Being Intervention.

The emotional burden of an HIV diagnosis can impact HIV outcomes and overall well-being. We piloted a four-session individual-level emotional well-being intervention, offered during HIV care visits, for gay and bisexual men living with HIV in Guatemala City who were recently diagnosed or reengaged in care. To assess intervention impact in a contextualized manner, we conducted longitudinal qualitative interviews (n = 3) with study participants (n = 10) over 12 months. Data analysis included thematic coding using NVivo and longitudinal narrative summaries and matrices to identify narratives of change and assess intervention impact. Participants experienced changes in their view of self and diagnosis perceptions, improved physical and mental health, increased interest in sex and relationships, and a clarification of their life goals. The intervention helped participants reach diagnosis acceptance, improve self-esteem, and gain self-efficacy for managing life with HIV. Findings support the importance of integrating emotional well-being into HIV care.