Poetic View Research Articles

Research on Social Interaction Trends Between Tourists and Children in The Northern Mountain Tourist Areas

Tourism is currently very developed in Vietnam, opening up opportunities to promote culture, sceneries and lives in remote areas to domestic and foreign tourists. Tourists coming to the mountain tourist areas in Northern Vietnam, in addition of the desire to enjoy the majestic and poetic view of the place, also aim to interact with people, especially children, who are said to be innocent and happy. In this research article, the authors studied the current trend of social interactions between tourists and children in northern mountain tourist areas after reviewing the theory of social interaction. In addition, the article also provides assessments and solutions to promote positive trends and limit negative trends of these interactions for authorities and children as well as families and schools in this area

Confession in Fiction: Boundaries and Scope of the Concept

In the following article, difficulties connected with the diversity of scientific approaches to the study of confession in different discourses (religious, legal, psychoanalytical, etc.) are discussed. The article deals with the difficulties associated with the diversity of scientific approaches to the study of confession in different discourses (religious, legal, psychoanalytic, etc.). It is stated that a theoretical understanding of literary (fictional) confession is conducted regarding already existing ideas about its Christian origins and circular transformations in European culture (from Augustine to Rousseau). The analysis of the structural and content features of literary confession with the support of M. M. Bakhtin’s aesthetics of verbal creation allows us to draw a line between the literary and the live word, including pseudo-confessional texts of the 19th and 21st centuries. It is confirmed that the concrete forms of embodiment of artistic confession (considering their diffuseness, generic specificity, and dependence on the author's individuality) resist typological study and require priority comprehension from the point of view of historical poetics. In conclusion, the groundlessness of the literary identification of confession with confessionalism is proved.

Советское как «иное»: о балладных истоках садистского стишка

The article offers a new look at the genealogy of sadistic verselets — a genre of school humorous folklore of the 1970–80s, which is a dactylic quatrain or couplet where a tragic event occurs to a child character (‘a little boy’). It has been proven that the verselet is deeply rooted in the literary tradition and can be interpreted as a result of de-canonizing the ballad. From the point of view of historical poetics, we analyze the features of reproducing and transforming the ballad invariant, as well as the reality conceptualization principles determined by the same. We have found out that, on the one hand, ‘catastrophic’ motives are ‘exalted’ in the verselet (everyone is defenseless against the evil that inevitably and variously penetrates the world) and, on the other hand, they are discredited by means of the grotesque (which ensures the self-identity of the modern genre). In combination with ballad plots, the focus of works on Soviet material allows us to view official discourse as ‘alien’ — alternative and hostile to a human and, for this reason, ‘rejected’ in the act of laughter. Therefore, the contextual synonymy of everything ‘Soviet’, ‘adult’, and ‘parental’ turns into dispelling the myth of the ‘people’s state’, which not only does not protect people from danger, but also directly threatens their well-being.

Afanas’ev’s Poetic Views of the Slavs’ on Nature and Its Role in Understanding Paganism and Mythology

The article analyzes the mythological concept of Slavic paganism developed by Alexander Afanas’ev in his three-volume study Poetic Views of the Slavs on Nature: An Attempt at a Comparative Study of Slavic Traditions and Beliefs in Connection with the Mythical Tales of Other Related Peoples (1865–1869). In this book, Afanas’ev established numerous parallels between the pagan myths of the Slavs and other Indo-European peoples and reconstructed mythological images of the world tree, the tree of life, and the world egg. He also reconstructed myths about the sacred marriage between heaven and earth; the creation of the world from the body of the first man and the creation of man from the natural elements; the dying and resurrected god of vegetation and fertility; and the duel between the god of thunderstorms and his earthly adversary; as well as dualistic myths about the struggle between the forces of light and the forces of darkness and about the creation of the earth. Afanas’ev also explored enduring metaphorical pairs such as death–dream, battle–wedding feast, thunderstorm–battle, and so on. Depending on the readers’ points of view, they can appreciate the book as a grandiose compendium of folklore and historical-ethnographic materials; as a scholarly work devoted to Slavic mythology; as a symbolarium of folk culture; and as a beautiful fairy tale about the pagan past. Although Afanas’ev’s book has all the attributes of a scholarly publication, it can also be read as a work of fiction in which the author does not so much analyze mythology as he tries to present the point of view of a primitive poet–artist.

Interpretation of the Poetic Views of the Period in Mutribi Tazkiras (Essays)

This article is devoted to the history of the tazkira genre, which reached its zenith in the 16th century in Eastern classical literature. Under the influence of Alisher Navoi's tazkira "Majolis un-nafais", dozens of works were created in the subsequent centuries. Their scope broadened, starting to assume an encyclopaedic character. Nowadays, a tazkira is not merely a niche genre that provides information about creators, but encapsulates the literary process of its time, the history of literary and aesthetic perspectives, issues of poetics, the foundations of Sufism, and the expression of the national mindset in literature. Numerous issues related to this genre await exploration. Among them, issues such as illuminating the literary process of the period, the history and development of poetics, and the reflection of the period's literary theory in the tazkiras are particularly pertinent. This article addresses one of these significant problems: the manifestation of the poetic views of the period in the tazkiras. Given the breadth of the scope, Sultan Muhammed Mutribi's work "Tazkirat ush-shuaro" was selected as a representative sample from the tazkiras.

William Wordsworth’s Sonnets Dedicated to Liberty: the poems about Basque mountaineers

At the time of the Peninsular War, William Wordsworth wrote three sonnets urging the Basques to react against the Napoleonic invasion of their land. This essay aims to interpret these intriguing poems, which are approached from a comparative perspective. Basque Studies and the multidisciplinary field of Mountain Studies, particularly research concerned with mountaineering and its literature, constitute the main areas of reference for the analysis. Contrasting Wordsworth’s poetic view with our insight of the Basque cultural inheritance will display the extent and character of the Romantic transference of ideas as well as the interrelation of the historical events in a European framework.

Rasa Analysis of Girish Karnad's Hayavadana

Rasa is an aesthetic feeling aroused in the reader or spectator when he witnesses an effective presentation of art. Sage Bharata in ancient India pioneered and Abhinav Gupta elaborated the theory of Rasa. According to the Rasa Sutra, rasa nispattih is a result of the conjunction of vibhāva, anubhāva, and Vyābhicāribhāva, which appeals to the Sthāyibhāva and leads to rasa realization. Hayavadana is a two-act play, originally written in Kannada by Girish Karnad. He himself has translated the play Hayavadana in English. There are two stories, one is of two best friends, Kapila and Devadatta, and a lady named Padmini, another is about a horse headed man- in search of completeness. Author has used various dramatic techniques like, Narrator/ Sutradhar, Puppets, Use of masks, and subplots. Any literary work consists of Rasa in it. In this research paper, the researcher wishes to study Hayavadana in the light of Rasa Theory. This play has already been studied from different perspectives like myth, realism, identity crisis, portrayal of woman, and incompleteness. There is a scope to study this Indian work of art in English from the point of view of Indian Poetics, specifically Rasa Theory.

Влияние образа России на развитие философско-религиозных взглядов Райнера Марии Рильке (по материалам сборника «Часослов»)

One of the most important works of Rainer Maria Rilke, reflecting the formation and development of the poet’s philosophical and poetic views at the turn of the 19th–20th centuries, is the cycle of poems “Book of Hours” (1899–1903), created under the influence of the image of Russia that the author developed during his travels around the country. The aim of this work is to analyse Rilke’s “Book of Hours” in the context of the influence of this image on the dynamics of the poet’s philosophical and religious views in a certain period of his work. The hermeneutical approach was chosen as the main research method, within the framework of which the texts of R.M. Rilke’s works were interpreted taking into account the socio-historical conditions existing at the time of their writing. Systematisation and generalization of the obtained data made it possible to evaluate the author’s expe-rience of Russia as a deep religious experience, expressed in a rethinking of Rilke’s attitude towards God, and to identify the contradictions of his philosophical and religious views. On the one hand, the concept of God, which occupies a central place in Rilke’s “Book of Hours”, represents an artistic refraction of the key ideas of the biblical tradition; on the other hand, God, according to the poet, manifests himself as a human creation, or more precisely, as a work of art: in the process of self-knowledge it must be discovered as the hidden “treasure” of one’s own soul. Consequently, this is not so much God the creator as a kind of internal resource, “God in man”, the idea of creation, which man must allow to arise within himself. The image of Russia as a country seeking God sets the vector for a “revaluation of values” modulated by the “Russian experience”, bringing Rilke closer to the point of view according to which spiritual journey requires a reorientation from orthodox ways of thinking and faith to an understanding of God as a path, as a “kingdom of God” that matures in the soul of an inner per-son.

Leśna arkadia w poezji Franciszka Kobryńczuka

The following work discusses the issues of poetry for children by Franciszek Kobryńczuk (1929–2016), a Polish scientist, a professor of veterinary medicine and the author of many works for children. The author points out that the Białowieża Forest is an essential element in Kobryńczuk’s rich and varied work. The forest described by him has been ennobled and glorified, pictured as an arcadia, a fabulous, caring place impersonating the topos of Mother Nature in its positive dimension. It enables the reader to consider the Franciszek Kobryńczuk’s poetic views of the forest in the context of the whole series of Polish forest arcadias reconstructed and described by Joanna Papuzińska.

SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF A LITERARY TEXT: SYMBOLIC DESCRIPTION

The article differentiates the theoretical side of the phenomenon of symbolic description related to semiotic science. Semiotics is the science of signs. In the semiotic analysis of a literary text, we encounter concepts such as symbol, marking, concept. Despite the fact that the listed concepts are superficially similar, it is important to determine the difference between them and to determine the subtext in the description of the author in the literary text. It also defines a symbolic description, a symbolic concept, a conceptual gap. Therefore, in our article we set out to highlight the differences between semiotics and its other structures, giving theoretical concepts concerning the transfer of a semiotic component in a literary text – a symbol, decoration and image of a literary text. In the article, we examined the main provisions in literary studies concerning the term symbol, considered the description of a symbolic image in a literary text as one of the semiotic analyses of a symbol. To identify a symbol from a literary text, we need to know its main features and its function in the text. Only then will we be able to determine the symbolic meaning of the symbol. Symbolic description not only increases the poetic power of a literary text, but also includes the code of sign systems. Therefore, the symbol can be considered both from the point of view of poetics and from the point of view of semiotics.

Success and its Relativization: General Remarks on the Fate of Literary Works and their Authors (Specific Features of Czech Literature)

The author of the present paper deals with the general features of success of literary artefacts on the examples of several Czech authors. Regardless of some typical cases going back to the 19th century, among others a famous one connected with the name of possibly the only real Czech romantic Karel Hynek Mácha, probably the most significant romantic poet in the world observed from the point of view of poetics and artistic values and existential angles, there are quite a lot of interesting 20th-21st-century authors whose success on the one hand and loss of popularity on the other signalled the causes of the whole process and its markers. While the 19th-century authors and the success of their work were linked with the preparedness of the reading public, with aesthetic tastes and prevalent styles, more modern literature since modernism has been connected, besides the mentioned factors, more with political shifts of emphasis and with the whole social atmosphere; it also depends on the thematic and genre structure of literary artefacts, on the problems dealt with, on the degree of experimentalism. The examples of several Czech 20th-century authors demonstrate various aspects of the problem of the markers of succes and their association with their creative individuality.

COMPARATIVE-TYPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF LINGUOCULTURAL TERMS IN UZBEK AND ENGLISH RIDDLES

According to Dahl, a riddle is "an allegory or allusion, a roundabout speech, a bluff, a brief allegorical description of a subject, proposed for a solution." The most accurate definition of a riddle is V.P. Anikin: "A riddle is a poetic complex image of a thing or event, made to test the ingenuity of a person, as well as to instill a poetic view of reality." A riddle is a brief description of a silent object or phenomenon according to similar or suggestive signs of another object or phenomenon. A riddle develops a poetic view of reality in a person, creates an unlimited field for fantasy. So, it can be seen that a riddle is a poetically complex image of a thing or event, made in order to test a person's ingenuity and at the same time instill a poetic view of reality.

Young Scholars Conference “Slavic World: Community and Diversity”. Moscow, 23–24 May 2023. Section “Literary studies”

Young scholars from Moscow (Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russian State University for the Humanities, A.N. Kosygin Russian State University, Institute of Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Library of the Russian Academy of Sciences), Kaliningrad (Immanuel Kant IKBFU), St. Petersburg (St. Petersburg State University, Russian National Library) and Nizhny Novgorod (N. I. Lobachevsky Nizhny Novgorod State University) and from Poland (Bialystok State University) attended the conference. During the first session, Slavic literature was examined from the point of view of poetics and intertextual connections based on the material of Slovenian (short prose of I. Cankar), Czech (drama by V. Havel), Polish (poetry of A. Mickiewicz), as well as Serbo-Croatian (the anthem of the former Yugoslavia) literature; the second meeting combined reports with literary and philosophical issues, examining Polish (J. Iwaszkiewicz, Ch. Milosz), Czech (R. Maly), Bulgarian (V. Paskov) and Macedonian (M. Andreevsky) literature; the focus of the third session was the types of Russian-Slavic literary connections using Russian-Czech examples (correspondence be-tween A.N. Pypin and E. Krasnogorskaya, comparison of the activities of F.L. Chelakovsky and A.S. Pushkin, Russian echoes of the drama R.U.R. by K. Capek), as well as Russian-Balkan materials (translations of J. Dučić’s poetry, echoes of the Balkan vampire theme in Russia in the XIXth century); the fourth meeting was dedicated to the problems of studying modern Slavic literatures, the participants turned to Czech (M. Urban, S. Beeler), Slovak (P. Vilikovsky) and Bulgarian (T. Dimova) literatures. The subsections were moderated by employees of the Institute of Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, specialists in Slavic literatures. Meeting participants and moderators actively engaged in scientific dialogue, identified problematic issues, and outlined further prospects for research. In addition to the speakers who took part in the conference every year, new participants joined the conference this year, which indicates the relevance of this regularly held scientific event.

Hrišćanska inspiracija u savremenoj srpskoj poeziji

The subject of our research in this paper are aspects of religious spirituality in contemporary Serbian poetry. First, we give an overview of poetic, ideological and cultural characteristics of poetic production in the last three decades, with certain value categorizations. We then direct our attention to the individual poetics of poets born in the seventies and eighties, whose poetry has a proven presence of Christian inspiration. Our goal is to establish a literary-historical and culturally distinct poetic flow and situate it within the History of Modern and Contemporary Serbian literature, predominantly secular. The focus of our analysis is not exclusively quotes, narratives or motifs from the Bible and patristic literature. We examine how Christian (Serbian-Byzantine and Western-Christian) spirituality participates in the formation of an individual poetic view of the world, as well as poetic spirituality that manifests itself through poetic images, expressions and figures. We are interested in the work of the religious consciousness of our poets in shaping their artistic, moral and value attitudes towards the phenomena of our epoch, but also towards the culture to which they belong. Therefore, we analyse the cultural models that these poets embrace in their poetry, as well as the humanistic messages that they place within their immanent poetics. We come to the conclusion that male and female poets, with their poetic and spiritual commitment, have taken the risk of deciding to give up poetry as a form of social engagement, aware in advance of the burden of the alternative and the minority.

"Hamlet", "Macbeth", Anantanarayanan’s "The Silver Pilgrimage" and A Touch of Occidentalism

The article focuses on an encounter with Shakespeare in an unusual place, a novel set in medieval India, where Shakespeare is viewed and assessed by an Indian audience, by Indian listeners, through principles of classical Indian art and thought. Such an encounter creates a sense of incongruity, an incongruity that is cultural, philosophical and aesthetic, but at the same time leads to startling perspectives and new and fresh insights. The novel does not privilege one culture over another but the listeners do and we have a brilliant piece of comic writing where the humour derives from the one-sidedness of their perceptions, their “occidentalism”, their easy assumption of the superiority of their belief system over the “other”. The Silver Pilgrimage thus provides not only a stimulating perspective on two Shakespearean tragedies from the point of view of Sanskrit poetics and Indian thought, but also a gentle expose of the limitations of this point of view, and the cultural chauvinism that lies behind it.

FOCALIZATION IN MUNRO’S “SOMETHING I’VE BEEN MEANING TO TELL YOU” – COGNITIVE POETICS IN PRACTICE

The paper explores the dimensions of focalization from the point of view of cognitive poetics leaning on the idea that focalization directly affects the reading experience and, therefore, the reception of the narrative discourse. The importance of deixis, their referential value in the storytelling process and reception, is illustrated on the example of the short story “Something I’ve Been Meaning to Tell You” by Alice Munro. Focalization is treated as a rhetorical instrument modifying various layers of the narrative discourse and strategically guiding the process of reception. The first section presents the theories relevant for the understanding of the concept of focalization, and it includes a short overview of deixis from the point of view of cognitive poetics. The analysis of the short story by Alice Munro follows to serve as an illustration of the rhetorical flexibility of storytelling. Finally, the concluding remarks offer arguments against the conventional comprehension and interpretation of third-person narration.

An Analysis of the Taoist Philosophical Elements in Wai-lim Yip’s Poetic View—Take On Pound’s Cathy as An Example

An Analysis of the Taoist Philosophical Elements in Wai-lim Yip’s Poetic View—Take On Pound’s Cathy as An Example

Poetic Dwelling of the Ocean: Appreciating the Man Who Has Never Seen the Sea from Heidegger’s Poetic View

Heidegger believed that the origin of a nation’s historic existence is art. In the artistic world, we can expose the alienation of reality, uncover the original beauty, and return to poetic human habitation. In Le Clézio’s works The Man Who Has Never Seen the Sea, bystanders, as “intermediaries”, construct virtual dreams to escape from the city’s dreams. In the interaction with the natural ocean field, Daniel, a pure child messenger, is shaped, and his original experience is used to restore the original language, so as to realize the original awakening of human beings and create a poetic dwelling.

ВЕЧНЫЙ ПРОГРЕСС ИЛИ НЕИЗБЕЖНОСТЬ КОНЦА? КОНЦЕПЦИИ ВРЕМЕНИ И ИСТОРИИ В ТВОРЧЕСТВЕ ПЬЕРА ПАОЛО ПАЗОЛИНИ

Two concepts of time and history are found in Pier Paolo Pasolini’s creative work. The linear or objective concept of time can be traced back to Aristotle, as well as to Christian and New European philosophy. The cyclical or subjective concept of time can be traced back to mythology, common psychology and Aristotle’s concept of uniform circular motion. The significance of Pasolini’s use of the Friulian dialect in the “Meglio gioventù” poetry collection lies in the fact that it is a “private” language, never before used for poetry, which can obscure, estrange and thus preserve a mythical world in its wholeness. As a Marxist, Pasolini believes in the linear model of time and in progress, but, as a poet, he feels a need for a worldview in which “not a grass blade” ever changes. When he leaves Friuli, his subjective poetic view of the region evolves, and the past, reflected in poetry, seems to change with the present. This finds its expression in the final version of his Friulan poetry collection, titled “Nuova gioventù”.

Mythopoetic and Realistic Image of the Native Land in the Works of Modern Writers

The article explores the specifics of the embodiment of the image of the native land in the works of modern writers. After the years of Soviet power, when a person was evaluated as a cog, nature as a source of resources, society overestimates the value system. Quite well-known works appear condemning the rejection of man as a person, works of an ecological nature. In this article, a rethinking of attitude to nature, to the native land is considered through the prism of a number of works by venerable writers about the native land, more often - about the native village. Distinctive features of the perception of the native land in these works is the personally significant perception of the homeland, its understanding as part of itself, its past, present and future, in contrast to Soviet literature, in which the narrator was aimed at perceiving the homeland in the present and illusory beautiful future. Sources are the stories of M. Galiev, G. Gilmanov, M. Vali-Bardzhily. The creativity of each of these authors was considered to varying degrees by scientists from the point of view of aesthetic value, poetics, and problems. However, the native land was considered more as a subject of works, rather than an independent image, which is an indicator of the life values and philosophy of writers. In this article, using the works of these writers as an example, the depth of the image of the native land is shown, understanding it not only as nature or the place where you were born, but as a source of strength.