View Of Culture Research Articles

Nurse Educators’ Perspectives on LGBTI Nursing Students in a Nursing Education Institution in Gauteng, South Africa

Aim: The study explored nurse educators’ perceptions of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and intersex (LGBTI) nursing students in a nursing education institution in Gauteng, South Africa. Background: More young students with “fluid” views on sexuality and gender are joining nursing colleges, largely influenced by digital communication. This has made LGBTI students more visible, and nurse educators need to understand their views. Methods: An interpretive phenomenological inquiry employing focus group interviews (FGI) with eight nurse educators and three student counsellors who were purposively selected was conducted between February and August 2021. A Heideggerian hermeneutic approach formed the basis for data analysis. Findings: Five themes emerged about LGBTI-oriented nursing students: (1) being in strained relationships; (2) nurse educators are not involved in students’ sexual orientation; (3) religious and cultural views about LGBTI orientation; (4) a process of discovering identity—identity crisis; (5) inheritance, family background, and relationships with family and community. Conclusion: The findings suggest that acceptance of an LGBTI identity is still a challenge to nurse educators, particularly those with strong religious and cultural beliefs and convictions; however, they were aware of professional standards, human rights, and their support role towards the students. In general, the findings indicate a need for increasing awareness of the LGBTI community and consideration of policies that promote social inclusion and respect for human rights, dignity, and difference.

A Comparison of Love Views in a Dream of Red Mansions and Romeo and Juliet

The view of love is the essence of artistic and artistic creation of literary works. In the development of Chinese and western cultural works, a lot of literary works in line with the cultural view have been born. A Dream of Red Mansions and Romeo and Juliet are typical masterpieces of Chinese and Western literature, both of which express the yearning for beautiful love, but they are both presented in the way of love tragedy, and also reflect different views of love and social outlook. Chinese and western literary works are different in language, aesthetic appreciation, characters, values and other aspects, showing the cultural characteristics of different regions, better revealing the differences between Chinese and western love concepts, and improving the artistic aesthetic value of literary works. In Chinese and western literary works, influenced by social concepts, cultural differences between Chinese and western countries, the views of love in literary works also have certain differences, and there are also differences in the ways and ideas of pursuing love, so as to show love stories under different social backgrounds. In this paper, the Chinese and Western literary works of A Dream of Red Mansions and Romeo and Juliet are the research objects, and discuss the differences of love views between Chinese and Western literature from the aspects of love stories, characters and love concepts, so as to bring better guidance and reference for the high-quality development of Chinese literary works.

Mujeres Indígenas Universitarias, reflexiones en torno a sus experiencias

In today’s society, the various roles played by women and their impact on their communities has grown in importance. Thus, we need to realize women’s struggles are different and related to cultural diversity, and the experiences stemming from that circumstance. Hence the need to understand the barriers, challenges, and struggles faced by Indigenous women at the university drawing on an intercultural feminist approach. Following Bonilla and Rodriguez’ qualitative methodology, we found several challenges encountered by Indigenous university woman students regarding their recognition as social subjects. Likewise, they face the challenge of harmonizing their cultural identity experiences and social demands, as well as finding their place as autonomous and members of a collective. In addition, attention should be paid to structural, social and academic hindrances in women’s educational process and the roles they hold, which imply greater visibility, creating safe spaces, and exchanging cultural views.

The influence of students’ personality traits and their parents’ parenting style on Romanian students’ performance in science subjects from secondary to doctoral level

ABSTRACT With the exponential growth of technological innovation, new positions in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) are emerging. Employees face new job demands, requiring more technical and mathematical capabilities than before. Educating the population in science subjects is becoming increasingly important, as is making science subjects available to students and identifying factors influencing the development of logical thinking, the basis of STEM subjects. This paper focuses on identifying significant relationships between students’ personality traits, their parents’ parenting style and students’ performance in STEM subjects in high school and college, within Urie Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems framework. Using a questionnaire with standardized constructs, we surveyed Romanian students from a technical university and found that certain personality traits and parenting styles are significant mainly for the student’s performance in STEM subjects in high school, and these significant relationships differ for female students, compared to male students, possibly as a result of local cultural gender views. Our society aims to increase the participation of general public and female students in STEM majors and jobs, and our study informs the audience on how a student’s microsystem can nurture or hinder the development of logical thinking, as the basis of cognitive skills and performance in STEM fields.

Aziz Gardi's world view of Kurdish culture and literature

Aziz Gardi's world view of Kurdish culture and literature

Spirituality and workplace performance: a theoretical insight

Purpose The primary objective of the study is to explore and elucidate the relationship between spirituality and workplace performance. This study aims to fill a gap in the existing literature by presenting a theoretical–methodological framework that incorporates various aspects and research propositions, differentiating them based on specific mediating variables. Design/methodology/approach This research uses a systematic literature review methodology, analyzing 95 articles published over 20 years (2002–2022). This approach is designed to collate and synthesize evidence supporting the proposed relationship between spirituality and workplace performance and to understand the nuances of spirituality’s influence on performance. Findings The systematic review reveals recurring mediating constructs and various established theoretical–empirical relationships between spirituality and workplace performance throughout the study period. It highlights the significant role of spirituality in enhancing worker well-being, engagement and productivity. Social implications This study addresses the impacts on societal views of work, employee well-being and organizational culture, especially considering the growing discussions around holistic and spiritually inclusive workplaces. Originality/value This paper introduces originality by presenting a theoretical–methodological framework that emphasizes five distinct research propositions. These propositions, rooted in a comprehensive literature review, provide insights into how spirituality might influence workplace performance through various mediating variables.

When deviants talk: the role of Dark Triad traits and moral reasoning in whistleblowing

AbstractWhistleblowing is an effective means to uncover fraud and other misconduct in organizations. However, it is puzzling why some employees come forward despite numerous disadvantages, severe retaliation, and negative social perceptions of the whistleblower within and outside the firm. Understanding whistleblowing as an act of deviance can enrich explanations for whistleblowing in such dilemmas. Drawing on psychology literature, we look at the moderating effect of the Dark Triad (Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy), as well as moral reasoning on the factors behind the whistleblowing process. We surveyed 375 economics and business majors and found that both forms of deviance influence the decision process, making internal whistleblowing more likely. Dark Triad personalities are less influenced by adverse subjective norms and their attitude toward the consequences of whistleblowing. The negative impact of perceived retaliation on whistleblowing intention is lessened by high moral reasoning. Both types of deviations from the norm may foster whistleblowing, making it ex-post challenging to distinguish different types of whistleblowers. Importantly, we argue that specific policies, such as protection, may only serve one kind of whistleblower, disregarding the important influence of subjective norms, which may foster a more desirable type of whistleblower. Our research shows that deviant personality characteristics can counteract insufficient protection or negative cultural views on whistleblowing. These findings have direct practical implications for whistleblowing systems, corporate governance policies, and policymakers. Moreover, we contribute to an emerging stream of research that moves away from a purely pro-social view and toward a more comprehensive understanding of whistleblowing by introducing a holistic concept of whistleblowing as deviance.

Toward a Cultural Sustenance View of Reading

AbstractThis article highlights a Cultural Sustenance View of Reading (CSVR), a complex reader model illuminated by vivid findings from an eight‐year collaborative classroom‐based study and extensive reviews of cognitive and sociocultural research. Within the CSVR, reading is conceptualized as being shaped by a readers' culturally and linguistically situated knowledge (ways of knowing), experiences and relationships (ways of being), and cognitive reading processes (ways of reading) which overlap and interact through the non‐linear, active process of culturally mediated cognition. In extending the CSVR, the authors hope to supplant long‐ standing false dichotomies between the cognitive and sociocultural functions within the human experience of reading. In doing so, we hope to advance ideas about how learning to read can foster cultural sustenance—with children and their lifeways centered as full and complete.

G. BERKELEY & F. MATHEWS “LOGOS” ONTOLOGY

The purpose of article’s study is to discover Logos phenomenon which is present in the nature of thinking using an empirical method in the value system of F. Mathews & G. Berkeley from the point of view of modern ethics, historical experience, modern psychology and culture of ecology. “Logos” is considered as a segment of the field of thinking, a certain event in the field of meaning.The meaning of “Logos” as an event in the ontology of F. Mathews is considered from a metaphysical point of view and acquires a special semantic value in the context of G. Berkeley philosophy. In the space-time continuum, “Logos” exists in a moving field of meanings and is opposed to “Nonthought.” In the course of history, the manifestation of “Logos” was absorbed by everyday life and mediocrity, but F. Mathews and G. Berkeley are trying to prevent the disappearance of “Logos” by creating an “Ecological Model of Thinking”, revealing perception from internal semantic structures towards natural phenomena. An ecological model of thinking can prevent the formation of a “perceptual dead zone” where human genius is devalued by self-centered mediocrity. The phenomenon of the integrity of the "Logos" is an ethical expression of intuitive perception.The causes and consequences of "ontological inertia" are also revealed.

The closed fishing season policy in Ghana: Lessons from the coastal fisherfolk

Although the socio-economic significance of fishing is globally recognized, the protection of fish stock has not been adequately attended to in fisheries management, leading to fishing practices that threaten the sustainability of fish stock. This study examined the Closed Fishing Season (CFS) policy adopted in Ghana to reduce the excessive pressure on fish stock to ensure the sustainability of fishing-related livelihoods. Data were collected through interviews and focus group discussions with 80 participants, comprising coastal fisherfolk as critical stakeholders, traditional authorities, technocrats, and an academic in fisheries. The data were analysed thematically. The findings revealed that whereas the academic and technocrats had a scientific justification for the policy, the fisherfolk took a cultural view of it without necessarily discounting the scientific rationale. Compliance with the policy was high but there were isolated cases of violations occasioned principally by livelihood pressures. The fisherfolk perceived the livelihood support packages provided by the government to be inadequate, unfairly distributed, and untimely delivered. Also, they perceived their participation in decision-making to be low. Based on the fact that their expectation of a bumper catch immediately after the CFS was not met, the fisherfolk described the effectiveness of the policy to be weak. Although the fisherfolk were not opposed to the policy in principle, they maintained that it was more important to address issues of corruption in the distribution of premix fuel, plastic waste, trans-shipment, proliferation of fishing vessels, use of chemicals and light for fishing, and other illegal, unregulated, and unreported (IUU) fishing practices. Adopting the co-management approach in addressing issues of alternative livelihoods, IUUs, and misconceptions, coupled with a strategic integration of scientific and indigenous knowledge in the design and implementation of the policy would enhance its effectiveness.

Dying for help: How mortality salience impacts perceptions of victims

Terror Management Theory posits that reminders of mortality increase support for cultural values and negative views toward transgressors. However, little research has investigated how mortality salience can influence individuals’ perceptions of victims who have suffered differing moral misfortune types. This study explored how mortality salience and moral misfortune types affect the perceptions of victims. One hundred forty-three participants were exposed to either mortality or control manipulation and were given five victim scenarios based on five moral foundations: harm, fairness, purity, loyalty, and authority. Participants rated the deservingness of help for the victim in each scenario. The results indicated that harm and purity transgressions elicited more help, while conservative individuals viewed purity victims less favorably under mortality salience. This suggests that mortality salience influences victim perceptions based on moral context. This study illustrates how mortality salience can shape perceptions of victim’s deservingness.

Geographical and aesthetic inclusiveness: A new cultural worldview? The case of nine European countries

The European social landscape has changed due to Europeanization, globalization, and migration processes, leading to more transnational exchanges, personal relations connecting people from different European countries, and greater cultural and ethnic diversity. Our research explored whether these processes have led to a new inclusionary cultural worldview and the possible social underpinnings. We analyse the inclusionary cultural worldview on two levels: geographical inclusiveness, reflecting an openness to other cultures, and aesthetic inclusiveness, reflecting an openness to go beyond a traditional hierarchical highbrow view of culture. In our research, based on a recent survey conducted in nine European countries, we find evidence for both inclusionary and exclusionary orientations in both geographical and aesthetic worldviews, with the inclusionary and exclusionary orientations correlating with each other and constituting a cultural worldview. We further find that the inclusionary worldview is more pronounced among better educated and older people, among women, and in more socioeconomically developed countries. In contrast, the exclusionary worldview is more common among less educated and older people, men, and in less socioeconomically developed and less economically stable countries.

A Different Depiction of Non-Western Culture: An Analysis of Michel Ocelot's Animation Kirikou and the Sorceress Based on Orientalism Theory

Kirikou and the Sorceress, a feature-length animation directed by French filmmaker Michel Ocelot, is set within an African tribe and weaves together elements of fantasy and reality to depict the culture and beliefs of the community it portrays. This article seeks to examine Ocelot's interpretation of African culture and how this perspective is represented in Kirikou and the Sorceress, through the framework of Edward Said's theory of Orientalism.A thematic analysis of the film reveals that Ocelot diverges from the traditional Western gaze on the "East" by adopting a more nuanced and balanced approach. While addressing themes of superstition and its influence on individuals, a subject often associated with Orientalist discourse, Ocelot simultaneously highlights the presence of wise, knowledgeable figures within African societies. This portrayal suggests that the guidance of such figures can safeguard people from the detrimental effects of superstition, offering a more complex and respectful view of African culture.

Unmasking hidden challenges for migrant learners with few prior experiences with formal education: An exploration of language learning textbooks

AbstractThe German government requires all migrants without sufficient German language proficiency to enroll in integration courses. Many of these migrants had few prior experiences with formal education, yet, regardless of degree of literacy in any language, they are placed in classes based on language proficiency. How well do government‐approved language textbooks for integration courses meet the needs of migrant learners with few prior experiences with formal education and emergent literacy skills? We present a qualitative exploration of approved German language textbooks to identify hidden challenges. Results indicate that the textbooks require literacy practices, assume sociocultural practices, and demand ways of thinking largely unfamiliar to these learners. Moreover, promotion of a/n (ideal) German culture and western views of knowledge fosters deficit perspectives while rendering invisible the knowledges, and strengths of these learners. Thus, providing effective language education for these migrants requires a mind shift. The findings, discussion, and suggestions have relevance to educators globally.

The visual construction of the people’s country and the Chinese nation: political aesthetics in the Ethno-documentaries of New China

This paper discusses the political positioning of the people and the cultural image of the Chinese nation through the lens of the Social-historical Scientific Documentary Films of China’s ethnic minorities (hereafter referred to as “the Ethno-documentaries”) by restoring the problem to the site of the investigation of humanities and social sciences and the General Surveys on (Folk) Arts in the early years of the establishment of the People’s Republic of China in the 1950s. Through detailed analysis of specific Ethno-documentary films, this paper explores how the social sciences conducted its “Social and Historical Investigation of China’s Ethnic Minorities” via the medium of film to convey the advanced social concepts and ideological work of the new regime through the historical narrative of art and politics. This study highlights three key points. First, the “Chinese nation” as a modern political concept dates its origins back to the 1920s with the emergence of the “National Heritage Reorganization Movement” and the “Doubting Antiquity School.” However, it was only through the medium of the Ethno-documentaries that this concept was visually and aurally represented in films for the first time, which draws our attention to the fact that the entry point for understanding modern China lies in discerning the relationship between culture and politics. Second, when discussing the relationship between culture and politics, this study juxtaposes the Ethno-documentaries and “art for workers-peasants-soldiers,” which developed during the same period. These two forms of art focus respectively on national history and the suffering of the lower classes of society, and it is this intertextual nature of the historical narrative that jointly anchors the cultural and historical view of New China. Lastly, historical view is the core of the humanities, social sciences, and art disciplines in New China. Previous studies have mainly attributed certain phenomena to the “politicization” or “pan-politicization” of a particular historical period due to disciplinary barriers and cultural trauma and have stopped discussing such topics in depth. In contrast, the significance of the political aesthetics in the Ethno-documentaries is to have transformed classical Chinese artistic language into a modern one to represent the Chinese people and the Chinese nation. It also raises a question of re-sinicization of many modern political issues that have persisted until now: How do today’s Chinese art works vividly depict the prosperity of this country and its hardworking and courageous people?

A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study of Clinical Profile of HIV Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Western Part of Maharashtra.

Background and aim In India, socioeconomic factors, healthcare access, and cultural views influence HIV epidemiology. With over two million cases, high-risk groups include drivers, sex workers, and intravenous drug users. Early symptoms often go unnoticed, and advanced stages lead to opportunistic infections. Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) advancements, access remains a challenge. Effective management per National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) guidelines is essential. This study aimed to understandthe clinical profile of people living with HIV (PLWH) with sociodemographic variation at tertiary care centers in the western part of Maharashtra. Methods and methodology A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on PLWHfrom November 2022 to May 2024. The PLWH patients of all age groups and all categories were included in the study. The sociodemographic data were collected, and clinical staging was done according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of HIV/AIDS. Data were expressed as mean±standard deviation and percentage proportion. Results Out of 150 PLWH, 77 (51.33%) were maleand 73 (48.67%) were female patients. The majority of patients, 102 out of 150, were in the age group of 30-50 years. The most common mode of HIV transmission was heterosexual(143 patients, 95.33%). At the time of presentation, 102 patients (68%) were symptomatic, while 48 patients (32%) were asymptomatic. A total of 77 patients (51.33%) were included in WHO clinical stage 2 of HIV disease. In terms of cluster of differentiation 4 (CD 4) count, 62 patients (41.33%) had counts between 201 and 500, 54 patients (36%) had counts greater than 500, and 34 patients (22.67%) had counts below 200. Most patients, 94 (62.67%), had a BMI of less than 18.5. Pulmonary tuberculosis was found to be the most commonly associated opportunistic infection (OI), constituting 57 (38%) cases, followed by acute gastroenteritis 35 (23.33%). Conclusion The demographic and clinical profiles of the study participants highlight the importance of early case detection and the timely initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy.

Communication Apprehension and Coping Strategies of the English Language Learners: Basis for Interactive Activities Enrichment

Communication apprehension is an uneasiness experienced by all individuals, especially when speaking. Meanwhile, coping strategies are approaches people use in dealing with anxiety. This study determined the level of communication apprehension and coping strategies of the BSED-English major students of the College of Education (CED), Jose Rizal Memorial State University-Tampilisan Campus. The researchers used the descriptive survey method utilizing the survey-questionnaire checklists. The first instrument was adopted from McCroskey's (1981) cited in Diane (2015) Personal Report of Communication Apprehension 24 (PRCA-24). The other one is the validated researchers-made survey statements comprising 30-item statements categorized as strategies for overcoming communication apprehension in group discussions, meetings, interpersonal conversation, and public speaking, with a Cronbach's alpha value of >0.70. The researchers also adopted McCroskey and Richmond's coding and scoring system, weighted mean, and frequency count. Results show that most of the English major students in JRMSU-TC have a moderate level of communication apprehension. Further, there is a difference in the level of communication apprehension when grouped according to group discussion, meetings, interpersonal communication, and public speaking, as well as in the overall weighted mean. Therefore, there is a difference in the level of communication apprehension of the BSED English major students when grouped according to year level. In terms of coping strategies, students used the following strategies: accepting cultural differences, paying attention when talking to others and considering their cultural views, thoroughly preparing before the speech, and thinking of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation as a reward. In this connection, there are proposed interactive activities that may help overcome the students' communication apprehension.

Exploring Miracles and Wonders in Pre-Modern Korean Society through the Samguk yusa

Samguk yusa 三國遺事 (Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms), compiled by Iryŏn 一然 (1206–1289), a prominent Buddhist monk in Koryŏ, stands as one of Korea’s most valued historical classics. This classic weaves together a collection of captivating and unconventional narratives—marked by their peculiarity, miracles, and wonder—diverging from the usual societal norms. Unlike traditional historical chronicles such as Samguk sagi 三國史記 (Histories of the Three Kingdoms), Samguk yusa presents a diverse mosaic woven with historical anecdotes, legends, and folklore, especially emphasizing connections to Buddhism. The tales of miraculous events hold historical significance, serving as reflective mirrors that not only shaped the beliefs of pre-modern Korean Buddhists but also influenced the wider population of that era in Korea. This paper delves into the cultural significance and societal roles of miracles and wonders within pre-modern Korean society, particularly through a thorough exploration of narratives and accounts within the Samguk yusa. Through these miraculous stories, the Samguk yusa not only validates the spiritual power of Buddhism but also redefines concepts like filial piety and national protection by integrating them into the Buddhist framework. This ensured Buddhism’s enduring significance in Silla society and reinforced the importance of the supernatural as an integral part of a holistic view of history and culture.

Ich zerbreche mir den Kopf: îmi sparg capul? Äquivalenzbeziehungen und falsche Freunde Rumänisch – Deutsch

Abstract Phraseologisms are meaningful in everyday language use and reflect the culture and world view of a people. This work has the following objectives: On the one hand, Romanian somatisms are pointed out and their German equivalents are presented; on the other hand, the focus is on a comparison of Romanian and German phraseologisms under semantic and structural-lexical aspects. This present article is focused on analysing equivalences and false friends between Romanian and German phraseologisms with the lexeme head. The head is the most important part of the human body, as it houses the brain - the organ known for its cognitive functions. The phrasemes of the two languages are analysed according to the three types of equivalence: full equivalence, partial equivalence and semantic equivalence. Among the analysed equivalence types, false friends also appear as a transversal phenomenon. In the analysis section, which is based on idiomatic dictionaries and an internet corpus, these phenomena are analysed in German and Romanian native speakers and verified by examples on the internet.

Barriers and Facilitators Towards Deceased Organ Donation: A Qualitative Study Among Three Major Religious Groups in Chandigarh, and Chennai, India

This study aimed to examine the barriers and facilitators of the public toward deceased organ donation in Chandigarh, and Chennai, India, from three major religious groups, Hinduism, Islamism, and Christianity. Twenty-five focus groups were conducted (n = 87) stratified by study region, religion, sex, and age. Data were analysed using framework analysis. The results revealed that individuals were primarily willing to donate their organs. However, their religious views regarding death, after-life beliefs, funeral ritual practices, and lack of knowledge regarding their religion’s position toward deceased organ donation created tension and ambiguity in the decision-making. However, younger age groups (18–30 years) appeared more open and positive toward deceased organ donation. The conclusion demands a clear need for religious leaders and stakeholders to address their religion’s stance, which creates tension and ambiguity in any uncertainties surrounding cultural and religious-based views among the Indian population.