View Of Architecture Research Articles

Full state-feedback solution for a flywheel based satellite energy and attitude control scheme

A hybrid system combining the energy and attitude control task uses flywheels to store energy and control the attitude of small satellites. Various journal papers containing previous works have recognized this combined architecture. However, due to the uncertainties of on-board performances, it is a challenge in terms of attitude pointing accuracy. Therefore, this paper focuses a full state-feedback control solution to increase the satellite attitude performances. Mathematical model and numerical treatments for full state-feedback control of combined energy and attitude regulating scheme for a small satellite are presented. Simulation results show that an enhanced pitch pointing accuracy can be achieved up to 0.0010 for the proposed control approach. The paper contains an over view of a flywheel architecture along with state space representation of the scheme. A brief description of conventional control scheme is also presented with sample simulated results for comparison. Design of a full state-feedback controller and analysis of simulated results are also presented to show the achieved attitude performances specifically.

Illuminating the Cell's Biochemical Activity Architecture.

All cellular behaviors arise through the coordinated actions of numerous intracellular biochemical pathways. Over the past 20 years, efforts to probe intracellular biochemical processes have undergone a fundamental transformation brought about by advances in fluorescence imaging, such as the development of genetically encoded fluorescent reporters and new imaging technologies; the impact of these approaches on our understanding of the molecular underpinnings of biological function cannot be understated. In particular, the ability to obtain information on the spatiotemporal regulation of biochemical processes unfolding in real time in the native context of a living cell has crystallized the view, long a matter of speculation, that cells achieve specific biological outcomes through the imposition of spatial control over the distribution of various biomolecules, and their associated biochemical activities, within the cellular environment. Indeed, the compartmentalization of biochemical activities by cells is now known to be pervasive and to span a multitude of spatial scales, from the length of a cell to just a few enzymes. In this Perspective, part of this special issue on "Seeing into cells", we highlight several recent imaging studies that provide detailed insights into not just where molecules are but where molecules are active within cells, offering a glimpse into the emerging view of biochemical activity architecture as a complement to the physical architecture of a cell.

Cohesins and condensins orchestrate the 4D dynamics of yeast chromosomes during the cell cycle

Duplication and segregation of chromosomes involves dynamic reorganization of their internal structure by conserved architectural proteins, including the structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) complexes cohesin and condensin. Despite active investigation of the roles of these factors, a genome‐wide view of dynamic chromosome architecture at both small and large scale during cell division is still missing. Here, we report the first comprehensive 4D analysis of the higher‐order organization of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome throughout the cell cycle and investigate the roles of SMC complexes in controlling structural transitions. During replication, cohesion establishment promotes numerous long‐range intra‐chromosomal contacts and correlates with the individualization of chromosomes, which culminates at metaphase. In anaphase, mitotic chromosomes are abruptly reorganized depending on mechanical forces exerted by the mitotic spindle. Formation of a condensin‐dependent loop bridging the centromere cluster with the rDNA loci suggests that condensin‐mediated forces may also directly facilitate segregation. This work therefore comprehensively recapitulates cell cycle‐dependent chromosome dynamics in a unicellular eukaryote, but also unveils new features of chromosome structural reorganization during highly conserved stages of cell division.

Junya Ishigami’ Doctrine—Remote Past and Remote Future

As a pioneer architect in Japan, Junya Ishigami has gained extensive attention from architectural circle with his unique view of architecture and view of nature. This paper has elaborated his inheritance for the traditional Japanese cultural spirit and architectural language expression in his works, especially the blank characteristic presented in his work by discussing his architectural works and by taking architectural space, space conception, architecture and environment as clues. It looks forward to bringing reference to modern architectural creations.

Improving Integration: Thinking Beyond the Physical Architecture

AbstractThe emphasis in most descriptions of systems integration is the assembly of the physical architectural elements. While this is certainly the end objective, there are several traps and pitfalls to this focus. One mitigation is increased consideration of other architectural views, particularly the functional architecture. This paper discusses the origins, issues, and possible solutions to this situation.

The Application of MBSE to Inform Workforce Decision Making

AbstractA novel application of Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) to a workforce context is presented. The DoDAF 2.02 metamodel (DM2) and associated architectural views are used to communicate key workforce information and relationships. This is implemented through a model‐centric system engineering methodology that ensures a common language, traceability, rationale and data integrity. Preliminary results indicate benefits to multiple stakeholders from organisational leaders to human resource professionals. Decisions relating to workforce design, development and realignment can be based on better understanding of interdependencies and traceability to organisational objectives.

Architectural and Archaeological Views on Railway Heritage Conservation in Mexico

Architectural and Archaeological Views on Railway Heritage Conservation in Mexico

Religion, Art, and Money: Episcopalians and American Culture from the Civil War to the Great Depression

An introduction, six chapters, and an epilogue compose this cultural history. In part 1, “Churches,” the first three chapters take up Phillips Brooks and Trinity Church in Boston; the Gothic revival and the arts and crafts movement; and American cathedrals. Part 2 also comprises three chapters: “The Social Gospel,” “The Gospel of Education,” and “The Gospels of Wealth and of Art.” A recurring theme is the connection between the Anglican emphasis on the incarnation of the divine in this world and Episcopalians' affirmation of material culture. This unified vision appreciated both this-worldly social service and high culture, expressed in the arts, architecture, and education. Peter W. Williams argues that Episcopalians thus “helped smooth the way for a widespread acceptance of the visual and material as means of religious and cultural expression in a society where an iconoclastic Puritanism had shaped a dominant aesthetic” (p. xii). The most stimulating chapter—one that represents a coherent view of theology, character formation, and architecture, assisted by big money—is “The Gospel of Education.” Williams's account begins not with the Civil War but forty years earlier, with the founding of the Round Hill School. This chapter offers a solid description of its subject. Minor errors appear, however. On page 157, for example, the correct spellings of individual and place names are John Barrett Kerfoot, the College of St. James, and W. R. Whittingham; and Henry Coit died in 1895, not 1995.

Autism spectrum disorders: an updated guide for genetic counseling.

ABSTRACTAutism spectrum disorder is a complex and genetically heterogeneous disorder, which has hampered the identification of the etiological factors in each patient and, consequently, the genetic counseling for families at risk. However, in the last decades, the remarkable advances in the knowledge of genetic aspects of autism based on genetic and molecular research, as well as the development of new molecular diagnostic tools, have substantially changed this scenario. Nowadays, it is estimated that using the currently available molecular tests, a potential underlying genetic cause can be identified in nearly 25% of cases. Combined with clinical assessment, prenatal history evaluation and investigation of other physiological aspects, an etiological explanation for the disease can be found for approximately 30 to 40% of patients. Therefore, in view of the current knowledge about the genetic architecture of autism spectrum disorder, which has contributed for a more precise genetic counseling, and of the potential benefits that an etiological investigation can bring to patients and families, molecular genetic investigation has become increasingly important. Here, we discuss the current view of the genetic architecture of autism spectrum disorder, and list the main associated genetic alterations, the available molecular tests and the key aspects for the genetic counseling of these families.

Two Concepts of Wrongful Harm: A Conceptual Map for the Warsaw International Mechanism for Loss and Damage

This paper is concerned with the moral concept of harm in the context of the Warsaw International Mechanism for Loss and Damage. This paper delineates between two concepts of wrongful harm: interactional versus architectural. It then examines these options with an eye toward developing a satisfactory normative approach for policy. While the interactional view of wrongful harm supports powerful arguments about moral responsibility, it has some clear limitations. This paper makes a case for the architectural view by underlining that it is not only compatible with the features of the Paris Agreement but also supports a distinctive conception of justice.

Realisation of Cache Optimisation using New Technique

An impressive design of cache memory is an important view in computer architecture to boost or increase the system performance. In this task we study the response of reducing the cache performance to the cache address on the performance experimentally. Since cache miss penalty has direct contact on the system’s performance. To overtake from this, we proposed a new model in which we use revisited second chance FIFO (RS FIFO), which uses partial comparator and use multiple search to increase cache hit rate, by reducing cache miss rate. The Above proposed technique gives maximum hit rate when using revisited SFIFO rather than FIFO. Keywords: cache mapping technique; hit rate; miss rate; cache optimisation; cache replacement policies.

The Metabolic Syndrome in Men study: a resource for studies of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases

The Metabolic Syndrome in Men (METSIM) study is a population-based study including 10,197 Finnish men examined in 2005-2010. The aim of the study is to investigate nongenetic and genetic factors associated with the risk of T2D and CVD, and with cardiovascular risk factors. The protocol includes a detailed phenotyping of the participants, an oral glucose tolerance test, fasting laboratory measurements including proton NMR measurements, mass spectometry metabolomics, adipose tissue biopsies from 1,400 participants, and a stool sample. In our ongoing follow-up study, we have, to date, reexamined 6,496 participants. Extensive genotyping and exome sequencing have been performed for essentially all METSIM participants, and >2,000 METSIM participants have been whole-genome sequenced. We have identified several nongenetic markers associated with the development of diabetes and cardiovascular events, and participated in several genetic association studies to identify gene variants associated with diabetes, hyperglycemia, and cardiovascular risk factors. The generation of a phenotype and genotype resource in the METSIM study allows us to proceed toward a "systems genetics" approach, which includes statistical methods to quantitate and integrate intermediate phenotypes, such as transcript, protein, or metabolite levels, to provide a global view of the molecular architecture of complex traits.

Yazılım Mimarisi Bakış Açılarındaki Tutarlılık Kontrolü İçin Sistematik Bir Yöntem

Several approaches have been proposed to detect the inconsistencies between the software architecture and the code to ensure that the original design goals are maintained. Similar to the consistency with the code it is important that an architecture view is consistent within itself and with other related architecture views. Unfortunately, the existing architecture conformance analysis approaches have primarily focused on checking the inconsistencies between the architecture and code, and did not explicitly consider the consistency within and among views. In this paper, we provide a systematic architecture conformance analysis approach that explicitly focuses on conformance analysis within and among architecture views. To this end, we define the meta-models of architecture viewpoints, present the conformance analysis approach, and provide the tool ArchViewChecker with a case study.

Buildings are not Processes

The classic and traditional source on actor-network theory and architecture is a co-authored and well-know 2008 piece by Bruno Latour and Albena Yaneva («Give Me a Gun and I Will Make All Buildings Move»: An Ant’s View of Architecture). They argue, based on dynamic-ontology, against viewing buildings as static objects or entity and in favor of treating them as dynamic flux or trajectory that can be broken into fully-formed individuals only through the abstractive sickness of the human mind, however necessary abstraction may be for the practical necessities of life. In this paper, arguing from the standpoint of my OOO (object-oriented ontology), I note some problems and paradoxes of Latour and Yaneva’s approach and I propose a possible solution focused on “relation”: every form of knowledge amounts to telling us either what a thing is made of or what it does, the world is not just the correlate of knowledge.

大江宏設計「法政大学市ヶ谷キャンパス計画」の設計過程

This study aims to elucidate the design process of the Hosei University Ichigaya Campus Project by Hiroshi Ohe. Ohe often uses the term “Konzai-Heizon,” which means interminglement and coexistence, to describe his architectural view. To determine the mechanism of the principle of Konzai-Heizon, we collected and analyzed the drawings of the Hosei University Ichigaya Campus Project, i.e., Ohe's debut works, from the planar form viewpoint. We divided the design period of the Hosei University Ichigaya Campus Project into three phases and analyzed the design process in each period based on collected drawings. In the first phase, the 53-year-old pavilion was built to start the Hosei University Ichigaya Campus Project. In the form of the 53-year-old pavilion and Ohe's discourse at that time, the desire to realize modernism architecture that Ohe embraced for a long time since his college life is expressed. The master plan comprised volumetric groups based on geometric forms with the philosophy of modernism architecture like the 53-year-old pavilion, and there is a consciousness to create the axis using the symmetrical planar form. Moreover, we can find an intention to seek monumentality as a traditional architectural characteristic from the president's office, a symbol of the authority of the university, which is situated on the axis. In the second phase, the 55-year-old pavilion was built. From the form of the 55-year-old pavilion and Ohe's discourse, it can be observed that the philosophy of modernism architecture based on functionalism and rationalism continues from the first phase. Conversely, from Ohe's discourse of the later years, it can be seen that he had a doubt regarding modernism architecture and gradually recognized the necessity of fundamental direction change of the project after overseas travel in 1954. In the master plan of the second phase, the consciousness of the axis symmetry due to the planar form of symmetry is further clarified by the addition of a butterfly form. We demonstrate that the form of the butterfly bears the influence of Kenzo Tange who was one of Ohe's classmates during his college days. In the third phase, the 58-year-old pavilion and the 58-year-old pavilion No. 2 were built. In this phase, the project theme shifted from the realization of modernism architecture through the pursuit of functionality and rationality to the acquisition of “monumentality,” which is an important characteristic that modernism architecture has lost. Ohe said that what is responsible for the “monumentality” of the university is the “community” of people and that the student hall was planned as an expression of the same. It can be noted that the design process was a deconstruction of the axis, as seen in the master plan until the second phase. Based on this analysis, it is clarified that the planar form of the Hosei University Ichigaya Campus Project gradually changed from symmetrical to asymmetrical, and it is concluded that the change of the planar form is considered to the beginning of the Konzai-Heizon principle.

Euglena gracilis Genome and Transcriptome: Organelles, Nuclear Genome Assembly Strategies and Initial Features.

Euglena gracilis is a major component of the aquatic ecosystem and together with closely related species, is ubiquitous worldwide. Euglenoids are an important group of protists, possessing a secondarily acquired plastid and are relatives to the Kinetoplastidae, which themselves have global impact as disease agents. To understand the biology of E. gracilis, as well as to provide further insight into the evolution and origins of the Kinetoplastidae, we embarked on sequencing the nuclear genome; the plastid and mitochondrial genomes are already in the public domain. Earlier studies suggested an extensive nuclear DNA content, with likely a high degree of repetitive sequence, together with significant extrachromosomal elements. To produce a list of coding sequences we have combined transcriptome data from both published and new sources, as well as embarked on de novo sequencing using a combination of 454, Illumina paired end libraries and long PacBio reads. Preliminary analysis suggests a surprisingly large genome approaching 2 Gbp, with a highly fragmented architecture and extensive repeat composition. Over 80% of the RNAseq reads from E. gracilis maps to the assembled genome sequence, which is comparable with the well assembled genomes of T. brucei and T. cruzi. In order to achieve this level of assembly we employed multiple informatics pipelines, which are discussed here. Finally, as a preliminary view of the genome architecture, we discuss the tubulin and calmodulin genes, which highlight potential novel splicing mechanisms.

INTRODUCTION

I am very pleased to introduce the 2nd number of Sophia[1] from the series Crossing Borders, Shifting Boundaries, with the theme “Photography and Architecture” coming from our 4th edition of the international conference On the Surface, being the Guest Editor for this number Iñaki Bergera. This international conference has proved to be an important forum for debate and reflection about Photography and Architecture, whose work can be accessed through the platform onthesurface.net and in scopio Editions publications as scopio Magazine, Cityzines, Debates, or the catalogue On the Surface: Public Space and Architectural Images in Debate. SCOPIO Editions had already integrated and given support to several congresses and it is the official publisher of the 4th edition of On the Surface: Photography and Architecture, publishing 3 selected reviewed papers and two articles of invited authors on this 2nd number of Sophia Journal. The 4th edition of this international congress aimed to promote a global critical analysis around the theme of Crossing Borders and Shifting Boundaries, exploring how image is a medium that, on the one hand, can cross boarders and shift boundaries between different subjects and disciplines where image and photography are present in a significant way. On the other hand, in what ways image and photography are used as critical instruments to understand how architecture is transformed, how it reflects different hybrid cultural identities in many countries, regions or places and how all of this interacts with and affects our cities. We believe that this congress has contributed for a growing interest awareness and reflection upon Architecture, Art and Image (AAI) and specifically to Documentary and Artistic Photography in regards to its conception as an instrument to question Architecture, City and Territory. This means, understanding Architecture as an extended discipline and practice with an interest, on one side, in the physical space and its experiences, exploring new spatial forms and architectural codes, and on the other side, on how architecture operates within larger systems: socio-cultural, technical, and historical. Then, likewise understanding the potential of both the documentary and artistic universe of photography for building a critical and innovative view of contemporary and past architecture. As well as believing that the worlds of architecture and photography are enriched if photography is not just focused on objectivating and documenting buildings and spaces, as as a direct emanation from the real, but also on creating a new understanding and reality based on a subjective artistic gaze. [...]

Structural Perspectives on Sigma-1 Receptor Function.

The sigma-1 receptor is an enigmatic ER-resident transmembrane protein linked to a variety of human diseases. Although the receptor was first cloned 20 years ago, the molecular structure of the protein and the mechanistic basis for its interaction with drug-like small molecules have remained unclear until recently. The determination of the first crystal structure of human sigma-1 offered the first detailed views of the sigma-1 architecture, and revealed an unusual overall fold with a single transmembrane helix in each protomer. The structure shows an overall trimeric receptor arrangement, and each protomer binds a single ligand molecule at the center of its carboxy-terminal domain. These results offer detailed molecular views of receptor structure, oligomerization, and ligand recognition, providing a framework for the next era of sigma-1 research.

Geometrical analysis of Palesch family chapel in Kľačno, former Gaidel in Western Slovakia.

Oval and elliptic spaces are one group of central plans, used mainly in sacral architecture and palaces. Paper deals with geometrical analysis of one of the smaller representatives of the neoclassical sacral architecture with oval plan - Palesch family chapel of Virgin Mary in village Kľacno in Western Slovakia. Oval and elliptic forms are not so often used in Slovak historical architecture and they are almost always connected with foreign influence and knowledge brought form Vienna, Paris, Pest, Eger and other education and praxis localities of the builder or architect. This uncommon oval form used in the small chapel is therefore certainly of interest from the point of view of architecture and geometry.

Need Analysis for Air Conditioners in Public Sector of Surabaya City Government

In typical buildings, air conditioners have the biggest percentage in energy consumption among all sectors. It makes a good management for air conditioners is needed and important in order to use the energy efficiently. Having a very hot and humid weather, it gives impact that most of buildings in Surabaya installed air conditioners, including Surabaya City Government office buildings. However, there is no regulation nor guidance how to manage air conditioners in Surabaya City Government, while Surabaya itself has a goal to become a green-eco city. Then, the existing condition of air conditioners usage in Surabaya Government units (SKPDs) is evaluated. The evaluation resulted that most of air conditioners were over capacity and not all of them were efficient in energy consumption. Therefore, a need analysis is required to help Surabaya City Government managing its air conditioners better. By applying two different concepts, one is based on the architectural view and another one is based on green building criteria, the existing condition is analyzed and two procedures of need analysis are produced. The procedures can be implemented for two different conditions of office building rooms in Surabaya City Government.