Television Networks Research Articles

Low-Cost Embedded System Applications for Smart Cities

The Internet of Things (IoT) represents a transformative technology that allows interconnected devices to exchange data over the Internet, enabling automation and real-time decision making in a variety of areas. A key aspect of the success of the IoT lies in its integration with low-resource hardware, such as low-cost microprocessors and microcontrollers. These devices, which are affordable and energy efficient, are capable of handling basic tasks such as sensing, processing, and data transmission. Their low cost makes them ideal for IoT applications in low-income communities where the government is often absent. This review aims to present some applications—such as a flood detection system; a monitoring system for analog and digital sensors; an air quality measurement system; a mesh video network for community surveillance; and a real-time fleet management system—that use low-cost hardware such as ESP32, Raspberry Pi, and Arduino, and the MQTT protocol used to implement low-cost monitoring systems applied to improve the quality of life of people in small cities or communities.

Sentiment Analysis and Comment Network of KompasTV YouTube Video on The First Vice-Presidential Debate In 2024 Presidential Election

Sentiment Analysis and Comment Network of KompasTV YouTube Video on The First Vice-Presidential Debate In 2024 Presidential Election

Hardware and software complex for remote monitoring of the objects state and their control of digital television and radio broadcasting network

The creation and subsequent implementation of domestic systems for automatic monitoring of the telecommunications services quality is an important scientific and practical task in light of the need to ensure the technological sovereignty of the Russian critical information infrastructure. The article presents the results of research and development work on the creation of a hardware and software complex that can be used as a basic structural element in the construction of a system for remote monitoring and control of communication objects of a digital television and radio broadcasting network. Keywords diagnostics, communication object, design, performance, development, television and radio broadcasting, quality management, digital technologies

Tvone’s Public Relation Strategy In The Adira Festival Event

As one of Indonesia's leading television networks, tvOne’s public relations (PR) possesses significant power in reaching a broad and diverse audience. In its collaborations with other companies, tvOne’s PR engages in various partnership initiatives aimed at mutual growth and success. This is evidenced by their collaboration with Adira Finance, indicating an important PR relationship. This study examines the PR strategies employed by tvOne in the context of the Adira Festival event. The objective is to understand the strategies utilized by tvOne’s PR team in planning, organizing, and executing communication strategies that support the event. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, documentation, and social media analysis. Data analysis techniques involve data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that tvOne’s PR successfully leverages the P.E.N.C.I.L.S theory and effectively implements Media Partner strategies, social media strategies, publicity in mass media, collaboration with local government, support for SMEs, event activity management, tenant scheduling, SME selection, and coordination.

LIGHT, CAMERA....MANAGEMENT!

Audiovisual production employs more than 40,000 workers in content development, broadcasting, and programming companies in Brazil. At the same time, digital distribution platforms are causing profound changes in the Brazilian market. When thinking about the scenario of competition with digital media, television companies review their strategies and the management of their resources, including the professionals who compose them. This article has two objectives: to study the audiovisual production industry through the analysis of a television network, while identifying recent changes; and to identify the skills needed by professionals who manage creative processes. The authors adopted a qualitative approach with data collection through in-depth interviews with five managers in the areas of journalism and entertainment from a television network. The results show that, with the democratization of content production, relationship skills become more relevant in the professional’s success than artistic and technical skills, evidencing the importance of behavioral skills. Furthermore, the authors also identified the importance of a professional trajectory with practical experience in the technical and artistic functions of executives who manage creative teams, allowing them to move between content production and marketing activities.

Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning-Based Adaptive Initial QP Selection and Rate Control for H.266/VVC

In video encoding rate control, adaptive selection of the initial quantization parameter (QP) is a critical factor affecting both encoding quality and rate control precision. Due to the diversity of video content and the dynamic nature of network conditions, accurately and efficiently determining the initial QP remains a significant challenge. The optimal setting of the initial QP not only influences bitrate allocation strategies but also impacts the encoding efficiency and output quality of the encoder. To address this issue in the H.266/VVC standard, this paper proposes a novel hierarchical reinforcement learning-based method for adaptive initial QP selection. The proposed method introduces a hierarchical reinforcement learning framework that decomposes the initial QP selection task into high-level and low-level strategies, handling coarse-grained and fine-grained QP decisions, respectively. The high-level strategy quickly determines a rough QP range based on global video features and network conditions, while the low-level strategy refines the specific QP value within this range to enhance decision accuracy. This framework integrates spatiotemporal video complexity, network conditions, and rate control objectives to form an optimized model for adaptive initial QP selection. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly improves encoding quality and rate control accuracy compared to traditional methods, confirming its effectiveness in handling complex video content and dynamic network environments.

Safety After Dark: A Privacy Compliant and Real-Time Edge Computing Intelligent Video Analytics for Safer Public Transportation.

Public transportation systems play a vital role in modern cities, but they face growing security challenges, particularly related to incidents of violence. Detecting and responding to violence in real time is crucial for ensuring passenger safety and the smooth operation of these transport networks. To address this issue, we propose an advanced artificial intelligence (AI) solution for identifying unsafe behaviours in public transport. The proposed approach employs deep learning action recognition models and utilises technologies like NVIDIA DeepStream SDK, Amazon Web Services (AWS) DirectConnect, local edge computing server, ONNXRuntime and MQTT to accelerate the end-to-end pipeline. The solution captures video streams from remote train stations closed circuit television (CCTV) networks, processes the data in the cloud, applies the action recognition model, and transmits the results to a live web application. A temporal pyramid network (TPN) action recognition model was trained on a newly curated video dataset mixing open-source resources and live simulated trials to identify the unsafe behaviours. The base model was able to achieve a validation accuracy of 93% when trained using open-source dataset samples and was improved to 97% when live simulated dataset was included during the training. The developed AI system was deployed at Wollongong Train Station (NSW, Australia) and showcased impressive accuracy in detecting violence incidents during an 8-week test period, achieving a reliable false-positive (FP) rate of 23%. While the AI correctly identified 30 true-positive incidents, there were 6 cases of false negatives (FNs) where violence incidents were missed during the rainy weather suggesting more data in the training dataset related to bad weather. The AI model's continuous retraining capability ensures its adaptability to various real-world scenarios, making it a valuable tool for enhancing safety and the overall passenger experience in public transport settings.

DashReStreamer: Framework for Creation of Impaired Video Clips under Realistic Network Conditions

The continuous rise of multimedia entertainment has led to an increased demand for delivering outstanding user experience of multimedia content. However, modeling user-perceived Quality of Experience (QoE) is a challenging task, resulting in efforts for better understanding and measurement of user-perceived QoE. To evaluate user QoE, subjective quality assessment, where people watch and grade videos, and objective quality assessment in which videos are graded using one or many objective metrics are conducted. While there is a plethora of video databases available for subjective and objective video quality assessment, these videos are artificially infused with various temporal and spatial impairments. Videos being assessed are artificially distorted with startup delay, bitrate changes, and stalls due to rebuffering events. To conduct a more credible quality assessment, a reproduction of original user experiences while watching different types of streams on different types and quality of networks is needed. To aid current efforts in bridging the gap between the mapping of objective video QoE metrics to user experience, we developed DashReStreamer, an open source framework for re-creating adaptively streamed video in real networks. The framework takes inputs in the form of video logs captured by the client in a non-regulated setting, along with an .mpd file or a YouTube URL. The ultimate result is a video sequence that encompasses all the data extracted from the video log. DashReStreamer also calculates popular video quality metrics like PSNR, SSIM, MS-SSIM, and VMAF. Finally, DashReStreamer allows creating impaired video sequences from the popular streaming platform YouTube. As a demonstration of framework usage, we created a database of 332 realistic video clips, based on video logs collected from real mobile and wireless networks. Every video clip is supplemented with bandwidth trace and video logs used in its creation and also with objective metrics calculation reports. In addition to dataset, we performed subjective evaluation of video content, assessing its effect on overall user QoE. We believe that this dataset and framework will allow the research community to better understand the impacts of video QoE dynamics.

Television's Mixed Messages: Choose the Best and Mute the Rest (The Sequel)

ABSTRACTMedia's framing of autism treatment practices may significantly impact parents' and professionals' choices. This study examined the trends of media's framing of evidence‐based practices (EBP) and non‐evidence‐based practices (NEBP) within television transcripts (n = 203) comparing previously published transcript data from 2000 to 2012 and new data from the subsequent decade (i.e., 2013–2022). Results indicated that EBPs received less overall television coverage than NEBPs. However, applied behavior analysis remained the most mentioned EBP. Although television networks framed NEBPs negatively, these treatment practices also received proportionately more positive statements than EBPs. Based on these results, behavior analysts must continue to disseminate to journalists and to influence media framing of EBPs for autism. If not, these continuing television media framing trends could result in potential harm to autistic individuals.

Examining COVID-19 Sources of Information, Vaccine Hesitancy, and Uptake Behaviors Among Diverse Underserved Latinx Communities: A Convergent Parallel Mixed Methods Approach

At 63.7 million, Latinxs constitute the largest racial/ethnic minority in the United States (US). Early during the COVID-19 pandemic, Latinxs were disproportionately impacted and exhibited lower vaccine uptake. Widespread infodemics contributed to confusion, eroded trust, and fostered vaccine hesitancy among this population. This study used a convergent parallel mixed-methods approach to analyze, integrate, and interpret concurrently collected data gathered as part of the Community Engaged Alliance (CEAL) Against COVID-19 Disparities project, initiated by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the US. Target populations were three underserved Latinx communities of Miami-Dade County (MDC), Florida, during the pandemic’s peak. Qualitative findings show six themes and subthemes that integrate with quantitative survey data (N = 451). Themes included a “wait-and-see” approach to vaccine uptake; concerns about infodemics; attitudes about science, education, healthcare providers; and personal sources of information. Our findings highlight cultural significance, trusted sources, and reasons for hesitancy before vaccination decisions as corroborated by quantitative results. However, divergence was found regarding media sources. Consistent with the literature, although participants report concerns about infodemics and media bias, they still rely on media for updates, particularly with established television networks and trusted personalities. The value placed on education throughout the study (quantitative and qualitative) highlights the importance of culturally appropriate educational interventions. Moreover, the complex nature of the impact that media has on health-related information and vaccine uptake in this population underscores the need for media literacy interventions alongside health education.

The Legality of Surrogate Advertisement, and Its Infringements with Respect to Trademarks

Surrogate advertising is a contentious marketing strategy whereby companies promote restricted products, such as alcohol and tobacco, by advertising permissible goods like mineral water or soda that bear similar brand identities. This practice raises legal and ethical concerns as it often circumvents public health regulations designed to limit the promotion of potentially harmful products. In India, surrogate advertising is regulated by stringent laws, including the Cable Television Networks Act, 1995, the Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act, 2003, and the Advertising Standards Council of India (ASCI) Code. These regulations aim to restrict surrogate promotions that mislead consumers and blur distinctions between prohibited products and their associated brand extensions. This Article explores the legal framework surrounding surrogate advertising in India, highlighting how major brands like Kingfisher have effectively used surrogate products to maintain visibility and brand identity despite advertising restrictions and how the trademark has been infringed . It delves into the conflict between brand rights and public welfare, examining whether trademark holders have a positive right to freely use their trademarks in advertising or whether such rights are inherently limited by public policy considerations. By analyzing statutory guidelines, case law, and global standards such as the TRIPS Agreement, this study evaluates the balance between protecting public interests and preserving trademark rights in advertising practices, ultimately offering insights into potential policy reforms for mitigating the impact of surrogate advertising on consumer perception and public health.

The hentai streaming platform wars

ABSTRACT This article investigates the digital conflicts that occur between different Japanese pornographic animated media (here referred to as ‘hentai anime’) platforms on the anglophone internet. Drawing on the ‘hentai streaming platform wars’ metaphor to illustrate the growth of a hybrid streaming ecology of pirated and licensed animated releases, the article offers a framework to investigate what happens to animation during the platformization of porn, and to pornography during the platformization of animation. By providing a detailed history of the American hentai anime market, from its arrival through fan-distributed video networks up to its current challenges on both legal and pirate streaming platforms, the article demonstrates that the historical conflicts within the hentai streaming ecosystem do not call for tech-solutionist approaches (tracking and deplatforming content). Rather, the article will ask for the pornographic industry as a whole to revaluate how it considers animated productions during porn platformization.

Performance Authenticity in the 2016 Liturgies at the Notre Dame Cathedral of Paris

This sociological study describes the exceptional qualities of the 2016 Notre Dame liturgies. My criterion of evaluation is authenticity, defined as faithfulness to a transcendent purpose in liturgical performances. The four areas of prayer, singing, participation, and visualization at Notre Dame are first compared to those of Papal Masses, a Protestant celebration, Sunday masses during the pandemic, and the daily 30-min Masses on American television networks. At Notre Dame, all the aspects of the liturgy were choreographed by the rector-master of ceremonies and visualized through theological concepts. The entrance procession was different each week, ranging from only two acolytes and the celebrating bishop to about fifty priests and several bishops. The performance of the choir was adapted to the needs of the weekly liturgies. The participation of the congregation was encouraged by professional singing leaders, and visualization through vertical and horizon images conveyed a sense of pilgrimage toward eternity. Is this a model for the universal Church, or specific to the French Church? The election of a pope from the Global South suggests that Catholicism has moved away from European models toward greater engagement in the world.

Representing state identity with journalistic attitudes: a corpus-assisted linguistic analysis of CGTN’s trade disputes coverage

This research explores the relationship between journalistic attitudes and the state identity of China Global Television Network. It undertakes a corpus-assisted study of the linguistic representation of Affect, Judgment, and Appreciation in CGTN’s trade dispute coverage at two levels: (1) prosody and social actors; (2) the preference for appraisal relations. It shows that CGTN manifests its state identity in attitudinal officialization and harmonization. Highlighting collectiveness in the choice of news agendas, actors, and prosody, CGTN prioritizes the appraiser’s role of the group mind in propagating journalistic attitudes and is more inclined to draw on Judgment to stress its moral basis. A survey of the ritual of journalistic attitudes in CGTN’s trade dispute reporting makes it possible to analyze the state identity of Chinese state media.

Adapting a Novel for Television: A Systemic Critique

Using a multi-interdisciplinary theory (MIT) approach, this article argues for a process of altering a source literary text into a television production. This article illuminates that while the vision of adapting a source narrative intends to advance the vision of the adapter, the process to accomplish this is multifaceted and requires multi-collaborative efforts. This article further underlines some of the central features that are often altered in the adaptation of the novel and how they amplify and advance the storyline. What is worth noting, though, is that the television adaptation ought not to interlope with the principal storyline. In other words, the principal storyline of a novel or original narrative encapsulates its core themes, messages, and emotional resonance. Having said that, deviating too far from this core may result in a loss of the purposive impact and meaning. During the course of the article, it becomes clear that the examination of adapting a novel for television in Africa, with specific reference to isiXhosa, has not been afforded an adequate platform for theoretical and practical scholarly discourses. Specifically, the television industry in Africa has its dynamic forces, challenges, and opportunities. On account of this reality, exploring the practical dimensions of adapting novels for African television networks, considering factors such as production budgets, audience preferences, and distribution challenges, may be a valuable avenue for research. In view of this fact, this article should be regarded as one that presents contemporary insights into the arena of academic inquiry. This article presents concluding remarks with the anticipation that other scholars will continue the discourse and begin to address identified conundrums.

UROLATAM Project: A multidisciplinary comprehensive care project for prostate cancer

Abstract Introduction Prostate Cancer (PCa) represents a health problem in the world and its management is heterogeneous in care, depending on the resources each country has, modifying its effectiveness in prevention, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Methods The UROLATAM program was implemented based on the Design Thinking quadruple helix innovation model, consisting of the immersion, design, idea and prototype phases, characterized by being multidisciplinary and comprehensive. Teachers and students from different careers at the Universidad Veracruzana participated. Linkages were made with: Local government, government health institutions, colleges of specialist doctors, private institutions and civil society. This program was broadcast on radio, television and social networks inviting the population to participate in education and prevention activities, in addition to participating in diagnosis, treatment and follow-up actions for men over 40 years of age. The duration of the program was 4 days, including educational sessions for doctors, patients, family members and caregivers, as well as determination of prostate-specific antigen, urological consultation and prostate ultrasound, as well as rehabilitation exercises, diagnostic confirmation and treatment. who needed it. Results During the sessions, 944 patients aged 60.7 (±15.0) years were treated, 443 (47%) had never received a urological consultation, identifying a prevalence of 11.7% of Cap. The human team present with the patient was 25 specialist doctors, 16 medical residents, 38 undergraduate students, 3 rehabilitators and 6 administrative staff. None of the participants received a salary for participating in this project. Conclusions The multidisciplinary UROLATAM linkage project constitutes a useful educational, training and assistance tool for the population, as well as an educational element for the students who are part of the work team. Key messages • The UROLATAM project is replicable in countries that require additional support in the prostate cancer approach. • The structure of the UROLATAM project can be replicated to address other public health problems.

Framing the Russia-Ukraine conflict in Chinese Global Television Network English

This article examines the coverage of the conflict in Ukraine on the CGTN English website during the first three months. Through a quantitative content analysis of 1,799 news items, this research identifies the predominant frames, social actors, and sources of information employed in the media coverage. The results reveal that the “diplomatic frame” predominates, followed by the “war frame”. The “economic frame” gains more prominence over time, compared to the “human interest frame”. Over these months, CGTN moves from an impartial descriptive approach to one that attributes responsibility variously to both sides, while striving to maintain a neutral overall position.

Woke women of the 90s return: Toxic white feminism and the Murphy Brown and Roseanne reboots

AbstractTwo feminist icons of the 1990s returned to network television in 2018: Murphy Brown and Roseanne Conner. Neither rebooted character survived the reboot's first season. Despite their attempts to demonstrate that they were “woke,” the acting styles and strong personas of these two icons were, this paper argues, not appealing to a younger generation of television viewers and feminists and, simultaneously, too progressive for the older and more conventional audiences of the networks on which they aired. Moreover, both leading characters demonstrated the narrowmindedness associated with a toxic white feminism that overlooks issues of class and race.

Design and Implementation of Image Acquisition and Signal Transmission Functions based on FPGA

Abstract In recent years, video network monitoring systems have evolved rapidly, from the first generation of digital-analogue systems to the fully IP-based systems. Based on the FPGA core, this design focuses on image acquisition and information transmission. The FPGA expansion board contains several peripheral modules, including the OV7670 camera captures images, DRAM stores data, and FIFO handles cross-clock domain signal transmission. While the reference clock is 40ns, in this system, the clock period is 20ns, making two clock cycles equal to one reference clock cycle. Then, two counters are used, one is the reference clock and another is the line synchronization (cnt1) to count 800 clock cycles per line. The end of a line is indicated by end_cnt0, and FIFO data is stored in SDRAM. Configuring the VGA display driver allows image data to be transmitted and displayed on the VGA screen. The system features a simple structure, high resource utilization, and strong reliability.

Mustang: Improving QoE for Real-Time Video in Cellular Networks by Masking Jitter

The advent of 5G and interactive live broadcasting has led to a growing trend of people preferring real-time interactive video services on mobile devices, particularly mobile phones. In this work, we measure the performance of Google congestion control (GCC) in cellular networks, which is the default congestion control algorithm for Web Real-Time Communication (WebRTC). Our measurements show that GCC sometimes makes bitrate decisions which are harmful to quality of experience (QoE) in cellular networks with high jitter. We further find that the frame delivery time (FDT) in the player can mitigate network jitter and maintain QoE. Moreover, the receiving rate is better to reflect the network congestion than RTT in cellular networks. Based on these measurements and findings, we propose Mustang, an algorithm designed to overcome the jitter in cellular networks. Mustang makes use of the FDT and receiving rate as feedback information to the sender. Then the sender adjusts its sending rate based on the information to guarantee QoE. We have implemented Mustang in WebRTC and evaluated it in both emulated and real cellular networks. The experimental results show that Mustang can improve WebRTC’s QoS and QoE performance. For QoS, Mustang increases the sending rate by 72.1% and has similar RTT and packet loss when compared with GCC, while it is about 30% better for QoE.