English Videos Research Articles

An analysis of YouTube content about psychobiotics: Is the food and mood bond getting stronger?

Aim: Psychobiotics have become a popular topic in recent years both on social media and in academia. The effects of individuals' diets and the probiotic supplements they use on their mental state have made psychobiotics a subject of curiosity. Our aim in this research is to evaluate the content of YouTube videos about psychobiotics. Materials and Methods: On 13/12/2023, the content of the first 50 english videos related to psychobiotics on YouTube was examined for quality and reliability and was independently evaluated by 2 separate medical professionals. Data such as likes, number of views, upload dates and uploaders of the videos were recorded. The content quality of the videos was recorded by calculating the DISCERN score and Global Quality Index score (GQS). Results: The mean duration of YouTube videos about psychobiotics was 14.35 minutes. The mean GQS and modified DISCERN scores of the videos were 3.70 and 3.87, respectively. The evaluation results of two independent medical professionals who watched the videos showed a high positive correlation in terms of both GQS and DISCERN scores (r: 0.905, r: 0.908). The duration, number of likes and daily view counts of professional videos were significantly higher (p :0.001). 62% of the videos were uploaded by health channels, 28% by healthcare professionals and 10% by other individuals. GQS (p:0.005) and DISCERN (p:0.007) scores of videos uploaded by health professionals and health channels were significantly higher than others. Conclusion: Since psychobiotics is known as a newly popular term among the public and in the academic field, it has been observed that YouTube videos in this field are relatively new, uploaded by more professional channels compared to other subjects, and have more satisfactory content than other fields in terms of quality and content. However, since the number of videos is low compared to more publicly known topics and it is a relatively new topic, it may be beneficial to increase the number and promotion of professional videos to increase society's knowledge about psychobiotics.

Video Captioning and Subtitles in Second Language Listening Comprehension: Fast-Paced Versus Slow-Paced Speakers.

The present study examines the impact of implementing video captioning and subtitles on listening comprehension with special reference to the speaker's speed. A total of 64 undergraduate Saudi EFL learners were assigned into six groups: fast speaker with full captioning, fast speaker with subtitles, fast speaker with no captioning nor subtitles, slow speaker with full captioning, and slow speaker with subtitles, slow speaker with no captioning nor subtitles. Each group was instructed to watch a video in English under its assigned condition and then answered a listening test. Participants also answered a questionnaire to determine the impact of these conditions on their cognitive load. The results revealed that the group that viewed the video of slow speakers with a caption obtained the highest score on the listening comprehension test, followed by the group that viewed the video of fast speakers with a caption. The group that viewed no caption video of fast speakers obtained the lowest scores. The questionnaire analysis indicated that the students in the subtitle slow group reported using low mental effort, whereas the students in the caption fast group reported using very high mental effort followed by the students in the caption slow group who also reported using high mental effort.

Analysis of the quality information provided by “Dr. YouTube™” on premature ejaculation

ABSTRACT Background: YouTube™ is an important online resource to access health-related online information by the public worldwide. However, the quality of information available on it has not been adequately characterized. Aim: To assess the quality and reliability of information available on the treatment of premature ejaculation (PME) on YouTube™ in the Hindi and English language videos. Materials and Methods: A total of 151 (Hindi: 109, English: 42) YouTube videos were selected for assessment. The quality was evaluated using structured tools: Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT); and a 5-point modified DISCERN questionnaire (Range: 1-serious shortcomings; 5-minimal shortcomings). PEMAT assesses the understandability and actionability of video as separate percentages. Results: Three most common treatments suggested for PME were Kegel exercise (22.5%), start–stop technique (21.9%), and antidepressant medications (20.5%). Antidepressant medications, stop-squeeze techniques, and psychotherapy were more frequently suggested in English videos, whereas ayurvedic or herbal medicines were more frequently suggested in Hindi videos. About two-thirds of videos presented information in an easy-to-understand and actionable manner (PEMAT scores ≥70%). Only 6% of videos had a DISCERN score of ≥4, indicating good overall quality of information presented in them. Conclusion: People likely to encounter poor-quality information when seeking information for PME treatment on YouTube. A large number of videos suggested ineffective or unproven treatment strategies for PME. Healthcare professionals need to be mindful of this while counselling patients, and guide them regarding useful and reliable sources of health information available online.

Transgender Patient Preferences When Discussing Gender in Health Care Settings

Transgender (trans) patients report frequent discriminatory and harmful experiences in health care settings; gender-affirming, competent health care improves trans individuals' health and well-being. To identify factors influencing trans patients' decision-making regarding sharing gender-related information with providers (clinicians, health care organizations, health care systems) and trans patient preferences for gender-related questions, as well as the subsequent impact on health care experiences. A qualitative, interpretivist phenomenological study was conducted via telephone or video (using Zoom) in English and Spanish from August 10 to September 11, 2020. Participants were recruited via trans-specific social media groups and email listservs. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed from October 2020 to January 2022 using thematic analysis by a majority trans research team. Semistructured interviews explored patient health care experiences and preferences. Participants included 27 trans and/or nonbinary adults (mean [SD] age, 30.9 [10.4] years; range, 21-69 years) from 13 US states. Four themes were identified: (1) impact of provider behaviors, (2) engaging in relational risk assessment, (3) receiving affirming vs medically competent care, and (4) "how are you going to fit [me] into your system?" The first theme reflected the impact of provider actions, including level of flexibility in care and interpersonal interactions, ability to explain medical relevance of gender-related questions, and preparedness to work with trans patients. Second, respondents weighed a variety of implicit or explicit safety cues when deciding whether and how to share information with providers. Third, participants spoke at length about affirming and medically competent care, noting that they have had to prioritize one over the other. Last, participants reported their needs often being at odds with health care system norms and standards of care. In this qualitative study of trans patient preferences when discussing gender-related information with providers, it was found that equitable, gender-affirming, and competent health care requires flexibility and responsiveness to patient preferences. It requires provider humility and engagement, as well as institutional policies that support competent and gender-affirming spaces. Future research could identify additional roles that providers, administrators, and systems can play in ensuring competent care for trans patients.

The effects of watching subtitled videos on the perception of L2 connected speech by L1 Chinese-L2 English speakers.

The current study explores whether watching subtitled videos could facilitate L1 Chinese-L2 English speakers' perception of L2 English connected speech. Three hundred ninty seven Chinese college students of L2 English completed a video-based spot dictation task after watching English videos with or without L1/L2 subtitles, featuring various connected speech types (e.g., linking, deletion, and their combinations). Results suggested an overall facilitation effect of watching videos on L2 connected speech perception, which was modulated by proficiency, subtitle form,and the complexity of connected speech. First, subtitled videos were more facilitative than non-subtitled videos in L2 perception. Second, participants with higher L2 proficiency better perceived English connected speech than those with lower proficiency. Third, the more connective devices an item used, the more difficult it was for L2 perception. When this complexity was controlled, the L2 perception was not influenced by connected speech type. Finally, the complexity of connected speech also mediated the subtitle facilitation effects. When the connected speech involved triple connective devices, L2 speakers benefited more from L1 subtitles than L2 subtitles. The findings can provide insights into multi-modal speech perception and English connected speech learning.

Evaluation of the origin and educational quality of youtube videos on adrenaline auto-ınjectors.

Background. Guidelines highlight the pivotal role of adrenaline auto-injector (AAI) training. However, the standards of visual training platforms has not been determined. Our aim was to evaluate the reliability and quality of the AAI related videos on YouTube. Methods. After a search on YouTube about AAI, all videos were categorized into groups based on their origin and the aim of the content. The quality, reliability, understandibility, and actionability of the videos were evaluated using the Global Quality Scale (GQS), Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool Audovisiual (PEMAT-A/V), Quality Criteria for Consumer Health Information (DISCERN), and a modified DISCERN. In each video, the application steps of AAI were evaluated according to a scale of correct usage. Results. 107 YouTube videos in English were included. No significant difference in terms of views, likes, duration and uploading time was observed between the health and non-health groups whereas the GQS (p=0.001), DISCERN (total: p=0.02, and overall: p=0.094), modified DISCERN (p=0.001) scores were higher in the health group. It was found that scores tended to be higher in educational videos. AAI use was mentioned in 85% videos. The median number of mentioned steps was 6. Conclusions. YouTube is an effective platform for visual learning for the use of AAIs. Although the visibility of the videos is equal independent of the origin, the ones recorded by medical professionals seem to provide the most qualified and reliable information.

Analysis of Informative Content on Cystic Fibrosis Presented in Youtube Videos in English and Portuguese

This study investigated the quality of the first 50 videos on cystic fibrosis (CF) in English and Portuguese using the DISCERN and JAMA scales. We selected 38 videos in Portuguese and 46 videos in English. In both languages, the origin of the video was from channels of people who have CF. The general quality of CF videos, assessed by the DISCERN scale, was mostly low; and according to the JAMA scale, the score was above average. Videos produced by “health professionals” received the highest ratings on both scales (DISCERN and JAMA), which could be useful for patients and healthcare professionals.

ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ DIFFICULTIES IN UNDERSTANDING ENGLISH VIDEO (A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY)

At this time the use of English has become part of modern human communication habits. Almost all existing linguistic aspects also often switch in English as a variation of language use. Even so, the use and understanding of good and correct English is still very necessary to be taught to students so that they have a good understanding of the use of English. One way to practice English comprehension is through the use of English videos. Videos in English provide opportunities for students to understand more broadly how the language is used in everyday life. However, in fact there are still many students who still have difficulty understanding the meaning and use of English sentences when watching English videos. Therefore this study examines students' perceptions of difficulties in understanding the meaning and use of English when watching English videos. The research method used is qualitative through a descriptive approach. The informants in this study consisted of several students who attended English classes by watching English videos. Data obtained through learning observation and interviews. Data were analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusions. The results of the study showed that students experienced various difficulties when understanding words or sentences from the English videos they watched, such as the use of foreign vocabulary that they had not encountered before, fast dialogue which made it difficult for students to digest the intent of the video conversation, students experienced obstacles in constructing meaning. and descriptions of scenes making it difficult to understand the context of sentences, lack of understanding of students in connecting vocabulary into an ambiguous sentence, and limitations of students in exploring the storyline of the video shown. To overcome this difficulty problem, English teachers need to provide appropriate teaching solutions so that students can better understand the meaning of English video dialogue so that they can build skills in constructing good and correct student sentence patterns.

The Impact of Youtube English Videos on Students’ Listening Comprehension Skills at Senior High School in Gowa

Technological developments in this modern era have made many people accustomed to using technology that is fast and easily accessible anywhere as an information space, especially in the world of technology. One of the information technologies used by researchers in this research is online social media, namely the YouTube application media. This research aims to determine the impact of YouTube English videos on students' listening skills at SMA Negeri 10 Gowa. This research is quasi-experimental research using the Control class and the Experiment class. The sample for this research consisted of 30 Experiment class students and 30 Control class students at SMA Negeri 10 Gowa. The results of this research show that the post-test results for the Experiment class have an average score of 78.50 and the pre-test is 69.07, while the post-test for the Control class has an average score of 51.57 and the pre-test is 34.97. The results of the data were analyzed using the Paired t-test, which showed that Sig. (2-tailed) was 0.000 lower than 0.05 so that the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted and the null hypothesis (H0) was rejected. These results show the Impact of YouTube Videos on Listening Skills Student. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that the YouTube application media is effective and has an impact on the listening skills of class X SMA Negeri 10 Gowa.

YouTube and TikTok as a source of medical information on dissociative identity disorder

BackgroundDissociative Identity Disorder (DID) is a rare condition that causes alternation of at least two separate personality states and has a prevalence of less than 1% in the general population. This study aims to appraise the social media platforms, YouTube and TikTok, as sources of medical information on DID. MethodsYouTube and TikTok were queried using the following search phrases: “Dissociative Identity Disorder,” “Multiple Personality Disorder,” and “Split Personality Disorder.” The top 60 videos by views for YouTube and likes for TikTok were selected from each search term on each platform. Videos were reviewed by four independent reviewers using a modified DISCERN (mDISCERN) Scale, Global Quality Scale (GQS), and they were further classified as useful, misleading, or neither useful or misleading. ResultsNumber of videos that met criteria were 60 YouTube videos and 97 TikTok videos. After classification, 51.7% of YouTube videos were useful while only 5.2% of TikTok videos were useful. A significant difference was found between (mDISCERN and GQS) score and the video source, type of content, and classification (α < 0.05). LimitationsThis study focused exclusively on English videos. Additionally, it did not evaluate other social media platforms that are used worldwide. ConclusionThis results of this study show the need for healthcare professionals and organizations to not only create content of high quality but increase engagement on social media platforms, particularly TikTok, in order to educate users on DID.

The Impact of Short Videos in the Listening Skills of Young Adults with A1 Level from UCACUE

The use of short educational videos as a tool to enhance listening skills in adult learners has gained significant attention in recent years. This study aims to explore the effects of incorporating short everyday English videos into listening activities in university students from UCACUE, La Troncal extension. The research incorporates a comprehensive literature review to identify the theoretical foundations and justifications for using short videos in adult language education. The participants for this study are fifty undergraduate students from the Language Center at UCACUE, with a beginner English level (A1 course) divided into control and experimental. For gathering data, groups are evaluated through questionnaires and pre and post-tests, to obtain quantitative data. Similarly, to attain qualitative data, a survey is introduced to them for analyzing students’ perceptions regarding the implementation of Short Videos in Listening activities. The results of the study revealed a notable enhancement in listening performance, students’ motivation, and engagement for participants who were exposed to video materials compared to those who used traditional audio resources. Participants viewing videos scored higher in post-tests, signifying better comprehension. Consequently, the study concluded that integrating videos effectively enhances listening skills, marking multimedia as a potent tool for educational advancement.

Abstract 13187: TikTok and Cardiovascular Health: An Analysis of TikTok as a Potential Outlet to Increase Cardiovascular Health Literacy

Introduction: Multidisciplinary approaches promoting continued patient education may improve patient adherence and reduce hospitalizations. The recent emergence of short video applications provides a new avenue for health-related education. Current and future patients can benefit from utilizing this new media resource to expand cardiovascular health literacy and promote positive outcomes. Methods: TikTok was queried in #cardiology, #cardiologylife, #interventionalcardiology, #pediatriccardiology, #cardiologynurse between 11/15/22-11/18/22. Inclusion criteria were English videos focused on information, inspiration, or wellness from US healthcare professionals between 2021-2022. Posts that met inclusion criteria (N=218) were statistically analyzed. A linear model was created to estimate a value for views. Results: The year 2022 had the highest values of 324,077 views, 14,901 likes, and 1170 downloads, as opposed to 2021 with 305,377 views, 6918 likes, and 508 downloads. Of the 218 videos, 127 (58.3%) involved information, 45 (20.6%) involved inspiration, and 46 (21.1%) involved wellness. The difference in mean views between 2021 and 2022 was 38,937 (p=0.23), suggesting a potential upward trend. The difference in mean likes and downloads between 2021 and 2022 was 2909 (p=0.009) and 276 (p=0.013) respectively. Linear modeling revealed a strong relationship between likes/downloads and views, but could not predict the number of views on a video. While we cannot confidently state that the mean number of views is increasing, we have determined that likes and downloads are certainly increasing with expanding engagement. Conclusions: The results of this study highlight the use of social media, specifically TikTok, as an inexpensive and passive way to improve health literacy. The increasing average number of views from 2021 to 2022 illustrates the upward trend among users and how TikTok can be used in a multidisciplinary approach to patient care and patient education. Further research is required to determine the role TikTok may play in patient care and how it may be utilized to inform the care of specific patient populations; however, the opportunities it may provide are promising.

Is YouTube a reliable source of information on chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy? An analysis.

486 Background: YouTube is an open-access source of information with more than 2.5 billion users. It plays an important role in disseminating information especially related to health, including cancer. Chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cell therapy has significantly improved outcomes for hematologic malignancies over recent years. We aim to assess the quality and engagement parameters of the 100 most viewed videos on YouTube on CAR-T cell therapy. Methods: A systematic search was conducted on YouTube using the search terms (“CAR-T Cell therapy” AND “Cancer”). One hundred most viewed videos in English were selected. We utilized the already validated tools PEMAT and DISCERN to assess the quality of these videos on CAR-T. Additionally, we looked at the number of views, comments, and likes. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation tests were performed using R studio v2022.12.0-353. Results: The videos in our study had up to 3.4 million views (median number of views:19901), and the overall quality of information was fair (50%) by the DISCERN score. These videos were categorized into different sources academic (60%), media (22%), and industry (18%). The mean DISCERN score (44.27± 10.8), mean PEMAT actionability (47% ± 38%), mean PEMAT understandability (75.6% ± 15.5%). While benefits were mentioned by 67%, only 29% discussed the risks of CAR-T Cell therapy; 37% of videos promoted shared decision-making, and only 10% summarized the information at the end. There was no significant correlation between DISCERN and PEMAT scores with video engagement parameters, including likes, views, and comments. Interestingly, only 30% of videos discussed other treatment options except for CAR-T. While 88% of videos used everyday language, medical terminologies were defined by 73% of videos; 32 % of videos were broken into short sections with informative headers. Conclusions: This is the first study to our knowledge evaluating the quality of information on CAR-T therapy on YouTube. Compared to historical studies on YouTube 1, this study shows the quality of the information provided in these videos is valid and reliable. They also prove to be actionable and understandable; these videos focus on the benefits of CAR-T cell therapy and are less likely to discuss risks or shared decision-making. Contrary to previous studies2, we believe YouTube videos on CAR-T Cell therapy may serve as a supplementary source of providing information to patients wishing to learn more on this topic.

15 An Investigation of Non-Evidence Based Autism Intervention Representations in the Media

Objective:This study seeks to describe the context and contents of YouTube videos featuring non-evidence-based practices (NEBPs) for autism spectrum disorder, including recent fad usage of transcranial magnetic stimulation.Participants and Methods:A sample search of autism intervention-related YouTube videos was conducted to reflect the experience of caregivers researching autism intervention information on the internet. Exclusion criteria was applied to create a preliminary dataset. The videos were categorized into general evidence-based practice (EBP), non-evidence-based practice (NEBP), and both EBP and NEBP. The NEBP-related videos were then qualitatively described using a priori codes based on the literature regarding signs of pseudoscience, as well as an iteratively developed codebook through a constant comparative method between two independent coders.Results:Total videos from the YouTube search using the query "Autism Treatment" were capped at 150 videos. Total videos in English were 138. Total discrete videos (non-repeated) were 134. Total NEBP-related discrete videos were 62 (46% of final dataset); Total EBP-related videos were 38 (28.3% of final dataset); and total videos containing both EBP and NEBP as subject matter were 25 (18.6% of final dataset). Of the NEBP-related in the final dataset, the most frequent NEBP which occurred was stem cell therapy (n=26), followed by the Son-Rise program (n=13), Cannabis/marijuana (n=5), transcranial magnetic stimulation/magnetic e-resonance therapy (n=5), neurofeedback (n=1), brain rehabilitation (n=1), suramin (n=2), fecal transplants (n=2), Hyperbaric Oxygen therapy (n=1), Ayurvedic medicine (n=1), virtual reality (n=1), and others. The constant comparative method of coding yielded results specific to videos about NEBPs in autism, including: statements declaring a treatment will be effective, a banner on the YouTube page indicating if the channel is from a reputable source, a parent testimonial, a parent or caregiver display of emotion with respect to treatment efficacy, statements regarding pre-intervention repetitive or challenging behaviors, statements regarding demonstrated effects of the treatment, statements of a definitive cause of autism, statements regarding the severity of the autism in the treatment subject, specific words in reference to autism, including "disease", "toxin", or "inflammation", discussion of the financial aspect of the treatment, and videos with both high and low production values.Conclusions:The likelihood of a caregiver encountering and watching videos containing NEBP-related material when using a general query to search the internet for information on autism intervention is high. Additionally, videos regarding NEBPs have more engagements (e.g., likes, comments, shares) than videos regarding EBPs, oftentimes by multitudes. The information contained within videos in which an NEBP is the subject aligns with pre-established warning signs for pseudoscience for autism interventions, however this study also contributes new warning signs through the construction of the iterative codebook. Specifically, statements about treatment efficacy in the absence of cited research, an emotional parent testimony about the individual with autism's experience with the NEBP therapy, statements regarding behavioral improvements linked to participation in the therapy oftentimes in the context of inflated claims, and clear and confident statements regarding the cause of autism with no cited research.

EXPLORING EFL STUDENTS' VIEWS ON USING YOUTUBE VIDEOS FOR IMPROVING LISTENING SKILLS IN ENGLISH

English videos on YouTube can be utilized as an alternative medium for learning listening subjects. This research attempts to explore EFL students’ perspectives on using English videos on YouTube as a learning medium to enhance students’ listening skills. A mix-method research design was used to explore students’ perceptions of using English video to enhance their listening skills. The data in this study were obtained from questionnaires and semi-structured interviews which were administered online to thirty-two students of the English Language Education Study Program (ELESP) at Universitas Teknologi Yogyakarta using a convenience sampling technique. The findings revealed that of 32 respondents, 31 of them viewed the English video platform on YouTube to help them a lot in learning listening subjects. Of 32 respondents, 30 of them utilized the platform for learning vocabulary. Of 32 respondents, 29 of them thought that their listening skills improved a lot after watching and listening to videos on YouTube. It indicates that the majority of respondents have positive perceptions of the utilization of this platform because it helps them in facilitating their learning needs. However, 2 respondents disagree about the statements for some reasons.

Successful implementation of virtual care to overcome the challenges of managing gestational diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic: a quality improvement project

At the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Jim Pattison Diabetes and Pregnancy (JP DAP) clinic quickly switched from in-person to virtual care for patients with gestational diabetes (GDM) to...

Quality analysis of YouTube videos in the management of hyperlipidemia in adults

Aims: We aimed to evaluate the quality of video content about hyperlipidemia and its treatment on YouTube which is used as an information source.&#x0D; Methods: This study has a cross-sectional design. A hundred videos were reviewed. Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) score, Global quality score (GQS), modified DISCERN and Hyperlipidemia YouTube Score (HYS) were used for the quality analysis of the videos. Video duration (minutes), time since upload (months), Number of views/comments/likes were analyzed. &#x0D; Results: GQS was 1.58±0.94 for Turkish videos and 2.28±1.21 for English videos (p

Can a Targeted Social Media Campaign Increase Reach of, and Engagement With, Heart Failure Self-Management Resources in Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Communities in Victoria, Australia? An Evaluation Including Cost.

This study investigates whether a targeted social media campaign increases reach and engagement of heart failure self-management educational resources among culturally and linguistically diverse communities in Victoria, Australia. A targeted six-week Facebook social media campaign (from 3 October 2022 to 13 November 2022) was performed using the Precision Public Health Framework. Animated heart failure educational videos were developed, translated, and publicised among Mandarin-, Vietnamese- and English-speaking communities in Victoria, Australia. Data from Facebook, Google Analytics and social marketing costs were analysed. An independent, two sample t-test was applied to investigate differences in the performance (views and cost-per-click) of the English and translated Mandarin and Vietnamese social media campaigns. Webpage views (of the promoted heart failure webpage) during the campaign were compared to the same period 12 months prior. A total of 664,434 English and 182,294 translated Vietnamese and Mandarin video advertisements were placed and seen in individuals' social media feeds (impressions) over the six weeks. Per capita reach was proportionally higher for Vietnamese and Mandarin video advertisements (54% versus 15%). The percentage of those who watched the educational video in the social media posts, for at least 15 seconds (a 'ThruPlay'), was significantly higher in Mandarin and Vietnamese-speaking communities (75% versus 40% among the English-speaking community p<0.0001). However, those viewing in English had significantly longer engagement and watched at least half of the video (2.5% versus Vietnamese and Mandarin viewers (0.31%), p<0.0001). The click-through rate and cost-per-click were significantly higher for the translated social media posts compared with the English (0.77% vs 0.62%, p=0.0185 and AUD$4.48 vs AUD$3.22, p<0.0001). A targeted six-week Facebook social media campaign using translated video animations in Vietnamese and Mandarin had significantly higher reach, initial views (first 15 seconds) and higher click-through rates, but fewer views of at least half of the video, compared with the Facebook English videos. Higher costs-per-click were associated with the translated campaign. Further research is needed to understand the extent that social media translated campaigns can influence health behaviour.

The #IVF journey: content analysis of IVF videos on TikTok

What patient populations and outcomes are depicted on IVF videos on the short-form video-sharing application 'TikTok'? This cross-sectional study investigated the 100 most-viewed videos utilizing the #IVF hashtag on TikTok. Only videos in English or Spanish were included in the analysis. An automated web-scraping platform was used to extract information from these videos. Standardized video coding was used to evaluate the featured subject(s), phase of care and IVF outcomes from the videos. Videos meeting the inclusion criteria (n=93) had 731 million views, 91 million likes and 893,000 shares. Patients' personal stories about IVF are over-represented relative to videos created by healthcare professionals. #IVF videos popular on TikTok disproportionately depict same-sex couples (38.1%), gestational carriers (14.0%), multiple gestations (60.0%) and live births (89.3%) relative to real-world data. Among the videos making scientific claims (n=16), nearly all were moderately to highly accurate (93.8%). Most videos had a positive (55.9%) or neutral (5.5%) tone towards IVF. Popular #IVF videos on TikTok contribute to public discourse about infertility, and highlight demographics that have traditionally been under-represented in health care. Videos rarely focused on health education or made informational claims, with low scores on measures of quality of information and actionability. This gap represents an opportunity for health providers and educators to create more engaging and educational content to reach patients considering IVF.

Public education about ShakeAlert® earthquake early warning: evaluation of an animated video in English and Spanish

ABSTRACT Publicly available technologies are only truly ‘public’ if people are aware of them and know how to use them. In the US, significant resources have been devoted to public education around the recently released ShakeAlert® earthquake early warning (EEW) system operated by the U.S. Geological Survey; however, those efforts have been inconsistently evaluated, leaving educators and communicators with questions about their effectiveness, particularly for engaging broad, diverse, and multilingual publics. This mixed methods, dual-language (English/Spanish) study addresses this gap by examining an animated video designed to increase awareness, understanding, and action related to ShakeAlert EEW. Results indicate that the video was enjoyable, easily understandable, and positively impacted viewers’ intentions to ‘Drop, Cover, and Hold On’ (DCHO) following a ShakeAlert-powered alert. Viewers also expressed a desire for more information about how to receive alerts and how to protect themselves in situations where DCHO is impractical. This study suggests that animated video, developed and disseminated in multiple languages, can be an effective tool for impacting public understanding and behavior related to geohazards. Additionally, the process and findings of this study suggest that outcomes may be improved by engaging multilingual and multicultural audiences earlier and throughout the video development process.