Video Assistance Research Articles

Use of Endoscopy in Keratoprostheses with Biological Haptics.

In severe ocular surface disease where penetrating keratoplasty cannot be successfully performed, implantation of a keratoprosthesis can achieve visual rehabilitation. Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis offers good tissue integration due to its biological haptics, resulting in a better survival rate and lower extrusion rate. Due to corneal opacity, which is often complete, assessing the potential visual acuity is challenging. Also, during implantation of a keratoprosthesis or during later intraocular revision surgery, there is a limited field of view of the peripheral retina or ciliary body region. This is due to the small size and central location of the prosthesis optics and the geometric conditions of the prosthetic haptics. These factors can complicate surgery. Endoscopic video assistance was used in 7 eyes of 6different patients (6 male, 2 female, mean age 66 ± 9 years). In 3 eyes the indication was for preoperative estimation of potential visual acuity during a 23 G vitrectomy. In 2 eyes it was used during implantation surgery itself, and in 2 eyes it was used during revision surgery and vitrectomy. An endoscope with semirigid optics and an image guidance system with 3,000 pixels and 70°field of view from PolyDiagnost was used, with a 23 G trocar system. Endoscopy was successfully applied in all eyes examined. In 1 of 3 eyes where endoscopy was performed to estimate the visual acuity potential, a keratoprosthesis was subsequently planned. In the other two eyes, the visual acuity potential was rated insufficient for future keratoprosthesis surgery. Detailed assessment of the retina and optic disc was limited to gross pathologies because of low image resolution. During implantation, it was possible to visualize correct positioning of the posterior haptic behind the host cornea. Retroprosthetic membranes could successfully be removed by endoscopy-assisted vitrectomy. Endoscopy assistance offers advantages in visualization both for determining the indication for KPro surgery, during implantation, and in the management of complications after implantation of a keratoprosthesis. Low resolution of the imaging system places limits on assessment capabilities. Although technical improvements and miniaturization may enhance its future capabilities, endoscopy in its current form is already a valuable addition in the context of keratoprosthesis surgery.

Supervision and Assistance Based on Mobile Information System in Art Video Teaching.

To enrich students' learning methods, improve their interest in learning, and enable students to fully understand and master the content of art video teaching, a supervision and assistance function based on mobile information system in art video teaching is proposed. Starting with the purpose of improving the auxiliary effect of art video teaching, this study deeply discusses the construction of personalized art video mobile information teaching system based on mobile information technologies such as self-media auxiliary technology and computer-aided technology. Therefore, this study takes android technology mobile information system as a breakthrough to design the video teaching system and introduces the design of mobile teaching information platform in detail. At the same time, according to the relevant requirements of art video teaching, this study designs the teaching system from the aspects of improving students' learning interest, promoting students' curriculum preference information, efficient real-time teacher-student interaction, and so on. According to the requirements of the six sections, the function of the teaching supervision and management module is improved. Through the test of result extraction and data analysis, the feasibility of the user preference extraction and analysis algorithm and the content similarity discrimination algorithm is finally verified. The results show that after more than 10 times of reading, the graphics of video teaching content can basically solve the problem of comparative similarity of the same type of teaching content. At the same time, after more than 30 times of reading, the teaching content can basically solve the problem of small probability error of user system.

Pengaruh Metode Pembelajaran Synergetic Teaching Berbantuan Video untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran IPA

This study aims to determine the effect of us video-assisted Synergetic Teaching learning methods to improve student learning outcomes in science subjects. The method used in this research is pre-experiment with one group pretest and posttest design. The population and samples used were all students of class V SDN 3 Cangkuang, Leles District, Garut Regency as many as 28 people. The data collection method used a multiple choice test of 20 questions. Data analysis used paired sample test. The results of the study show that there is an effect of using the learning method using the Synergetic Teaching method with video assistance in improving science learning outcomes. This is indicated by the results of the paired samples test with the Asymp.Sig (2-tailed) value of 0.000 < from 0.05.

Practicality of Problem-Based Physics Learning Tools with Video Assistance to Improve Problem-Solving Ability of Students

This study aims to produce problem-based physics learning tools with the help of videos that practically improve the problem solving abilities of students. The research design used is a 4D model consisting of define, design, develop and disseminate. The learning tools developed are syllabus, lesson plan, student worksheets, videos, and problem solving ability questions. The finished learning tools were then tested in a limited way in class XI MIPA 7 SMAN 1 Mataram to find out the practicality of these devices. The results showed that the device, on average, received a positive response from students and teachers. This can be seen from the responses "agree" and "strongly agree" for each component of the questionnaire given by students and teachers. Based on these data, it can be concluded that problem-based physics learning tools with the help of videos, practically improve the problem-solving abilities of students

Learning Soccer in Elementary School: Using Teaching Games for Understanding and Digital Media

In this study, a digitally supported sports game teaching process for elementary school was investigated using the teaching approach, Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU). The investigation was carried out to investigate the research question: How do elementary school students experience and interpret the use of digital media when teaching soccer using the TGfU approach in physical education (PE) lessons? To this end, a teaching unit on soccer was carried out in four classes in fourth grade according to the TGfU teaching method. During the unit, the 9- and 10-year-old students recorded one another with an app and tagged certain game situations according to predefined criteria. The sequences (approximately 8 s) were discussed together during the reflection phases. Following the lesson, 65 guided interviews were conducted with students. The research approach focuses on the perspectives of the students involved. Data collection and analysis were based on grounded theory methodology. The interviews revealed very ambivalent perspectives on the use of the app. Overall, the students were very reflective about the use of the app. The digital medium was interpreted as an aid in the learning process and was clearly less important than playing the game itself. The children reported many attempts to implement the tactical ideas discussed together in the reflection phases in the subsequent game. However, many students who described themselves as good soccer players saw the app’s use as rather superfluous. The misuse of the film option was also interesting: The students often used this option as a video assistance referee, for example, to quickly clarify disputed situations. The results, thus, show extremely pragmatic handling of the digital tool by the students.

Dispatcher Self-assessment and Attitude Toward Video Assistance as a New Tool in Simulated Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.

IntroductionVideo-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (V-CPR) describes an advanced telephone-assisted CPR (T-CPR), in which emergency medical service (EMS) dispatchers view a live video steam of the resuscitation. Dispatchers ‘ general attitudes toward and self-assessment in V-CPR have not been previously investigated.Material and MethodsWe conducted this quantitative analysis along with a pilot study on V-CPR. After conducting V-CPR with laypersons in a simulation, EMS dispatchers were given questionnaires with 21 items concerning their personal attitude toward V-CPR and their self-assessment in providing instructions. The actual CPR performance achieved was recorded and compared to the dispatchers’ self-assessments.ResultsDispatchers completed 49 questionnaires, and the data is presented descriptively. Over 80% strongly agreed that V-CPR was helpful in guiding and that their feedback improved CPR quality. Fifty-one percent agreed that video images supported them in making a diagnosis, while 44.9% disagreed. A vast majority (80–90% each) strongly agreed that V-CPR helped them recognize CPR issues such as compression point, compression rate, and deterioration. In contrast, data for improved compression depth and release were weaker. Thirty percent found V-CPR to be more stressful or exhausting than T-CPR. A majority stated they would prefer V-CPR as an addition to T-CPR in the future. There was a huge gap between dispatchers’ own view of CPR effort and measured CPR quality.ConclusionDispatchers generally embrace V-CPR and praise the abilities it provides. Our results indicate that the use of V-CPR did not automatically result in an overall improvement in guideline-compliant CPR quality.

MAGIC-I as an Assistance for the Visually Impaired People

Background: According to the WHO report, around 4.07% of the world's population is visually impaired. About 90% of the visually impaired users live in the lower economic strata. In the fast moving technology, most of the invention misses the need of these people. Mainly the technologies were designed for mainstream people; visually impaired people always find an inability to access it. This inability arises primarily for reasons such as cost, for example, Perkins Brailler costs 80-248 dollars for the simple purpose of Braille input. Another major reason is the hassle of carrying the big equipment. Objective: Keeping all this in mind and making technology as their best friends, MAGIC-1 has been designed. The goal is to provide a solution in terms of an application, which helps the visually impaired user in their daily life activities. Method: The proposed solution assists visually impaired users through smart phone technology. If visually impaired users ever wished to have a touched guide into a smart phone, MAGIC-1 has the solution that consolidates all the important features in their daily activities. Results: The performance of the solution as a whole and its individual features in terms of usability, utility and other metrics, etc. has been tested with sample visually impaired users. Moreover, their performances in term of Errors per Word and Words per Minute have been observed. Conclusion: MAGIC-I, the proposed solution works as an assistant of visually impaired users to overcome their daily struggles and stay more connected to the world. A visually impaired user can communicate via their mobile devices with features like eyes free texting using braille, voice calling etc. They can easily take help in an emergency situation with the options of SOS emergency calling and video assistance.

Piloting a New Curriculum: Guided At-Home Pediatric Regional Anesthesia Education Using a Portable Ultrasound.

Ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia is the standard of care for most regional blocks in pediatric anesthesiology.Training programs must educate physicians to perform regional blocks safely and efficiently. Hands-on learning with simulation and live models is the gold standard. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has greatly hampered our ability to safely hold in-person workshops. We describe an at-home, guided virtual workshop using portable ultrasound to safely continue experiential trainee education.The primary objective of this pilot virtual workshop was to develop an effective experiential learning program without the need for live child models. The main goal was to give trainees hands-on experience obtaining anatomical ultrasound images necessary for regional anesthesia blocks in a guided-virtual setting and to evaluate the effectiveness of skills acquisition. This workshop included two pediatric anesthesiology fellows and a pediatric anesthesiologist.Trainees were instructed on ultrasound-guided regional block acquisition. For two weeks, trainees acquired images/movies of regional block anatomy at home using their own children. Virtual video assistance was available. Trainees then used acquired images/movies to discuss needle and local anesthetic placement with a pediatric regional anesthesiologist. Trainees completed pre- and post-workshop surveys assessing attitudes, perceived educational efficacy, and procedural skill acquisition. The faculty member also assessed trainees’ skills.The virtual workshop was successful. Trainees expressed successful active learning and increased comfort in performing regional blocks on live patients. They correctly identified relevant anatomy of acquired images/movies, as well as needle and local anesthetic placement at the time of debriefing. Faculty were pleased with trainees’ initial performance of regional blocks.Adapting an in-person workshop to an at-home guided experience is a safe, feasible, and well-received method for anesthesiology trainees to obtain experiential learning of ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia. This facilitated at-home learning experience allows for hands-on skill practice while preventing exposure of child models to the hospital setting during a pandemic.

The internalization of nationalism and Pancasila for teenager as the value to living in the era of digital transformation

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced all elements of society to use digital technology in almost all aspects of life. Teenagers are potentially most affected by cybercrime due to the misuse of the internet and other social media networks. The activities to improve students' writing competence by emphasizing the values of nationalism and Pancasila among adolescents reported in this paper aim to support the Indonesian government's digital literacy program and help SMA Aisyiyah Boarding School Malang to publish their school magazine. Internalization of national identity is carried out through the digital literacy program of education by several steps: tutorial, peer-group discussion, review short video, writing competition, demonstration, and technical assistance on publishing management. The results of capacity building consist of 1) improve student writing competency to present as their school magazine contributors, 2) arrange a new editorial team, and 3) publish latest issue of e-magazine through the school's website. Finally, the workshop and technical assistance activities are able to strengthen the awareness of the teenager community toward the era of digital transformation. It has been shown by the result of the quizzes and the student ideas that representing from their essay.

Can Video Assistance Improve the Quality of Pediatric Dispatcher-Assisted Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation?

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of adding video conferencing to dispatcher-assisted telephone cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on pediatric bystander CPR quality. We conducted a prospective, randomized manikin study among volunteers with no CPR training and among bachelor nurses. Volunteers randomly received either video or audio assistance in a 6-minute pediatric cardiac arrest scenario. The main outcome measures were the results of the Cardiff Test to assess compression and ventilation performance. Of 255 candidates assessed for eligibility, 120 subjects were randomly assigned to 1 of the 4 following groups: untrained telephone-guided (U-T; n = 30) or video-guided (U-V; n = 30) groups and trained telephone-guided (T-T; n = 30) or video-guided (T-V; n = 30) groups. Cardiac arrest was appropriately identified in 86.7% of the U-T group and in 100% in the other groups (P = 0.0061). Hand positioning was adequate in 76.7% of T-T, 80% of T-V, and 60% of U-V, as compared with 23.4% of the U-T group (P = 0.0001). Fewer volunteers managed to deliver 2 rescue breaths/cycle (P = 0.0001) in the U-T (16.7%) compared with the U-V (43.3%), the T-T (56.7%), and the T-V groups (60%).Subjects in the video groups had a lower fraction of minute to ventilate as compared with the telephone groups (P = 0.0005). In dispatcher-instructed children CPR simulation, using video assistance improves cardiac arrest recognition and CPR quality with more appropriate chest compression technique and ventilation delivering. The long interruptions in chest compression combined with the mixed success rate to deliver proper ventilation raise question about ventilation quality and its effectiveness.

Biopsy Interpretation of the Lung

We live in an ocean of air like fish in a body of water. By our breathing we are attuned to our atmosphere. If we inhibit our breathing, we isolate ourselves from the medium in which we exist. —Alexander Lowen, MD, in The Voice of the Body As the title suggests, Biopsy Interpretation of the Lung is intended to guide the analysis of pulmonary diseases on limited specimens. The latter includes those obtained via needle cores, or endoscopically, or with video assistance. The text covers the gamut of lung disorders, including reactive, inflammatory, and infectious processes, as well as benign and malignant neoplasms, and is organized in a traditional manner according to disease groupings (eg, interstitial diseases, epithelial neoplasms, unusual tumors, lymphoid lesions). The book’s contents are aimed to expediate diagnostic accuracy. The authors share tips for diagnosis of common diseases (eg, regarding tuberculosis, acid-fast bacilli are found “mostly in...

Postoperative Outcomes of Minimally Invasive versus Conventional Mitral Valve Repair; A Randomized Study

Background: Minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) is associated with less surgical trauma. However, its advantages over the conventional approach are controversial. This study aims to compare the early postoperative pain, hospital stay, and pulmonary function between minimally invasive and conventional mitral repair.
 Methods: Fifty patients with non-ischemic mitral valve disease who had mitral valve repair between 2017 and 2019 were included in the study. Patients were randomly divided into two equal groups. Group A (n=25) included patients who had minimally invasive mitral valve repair via anterolateral mini-thoracotomy with video assistance, and Group B (n=25) included patients who had mitral valve repair via median sternotomy.
 Results: The cross-clamp (99.45±16.01 vs. 87. 5±19.16 min; p= 0.058) and the total bypass times (134.08±27.38 vs. 120.71±22.18 min; p= 0.35) were nonsignificantly longer in Group A. Operative time was significantly longer in Group A (207.08±44.31 vs. 173.54±28.25 min; p= 0.001). The ICU stay in Group (A) was 2.58±1.44 days, and in Group (B), the ICU stay was 3.75±1.77 days (p= 0.001). The hospital stay was 7.87±1.59 days in Group A, and 14.5 ±5.05 days in Group B (P<0.001). Postoperative FEV1 was 2.06±0.63 L in Group A and 1.39±0.43 L in Group B (p= 0.001). There was no difference in postoperative ejection fraction between both groups (p= 0.9).
 Conclusion: Minimal invasive mitral valve repair could reduce postoperative pain, length of ICU, and hospital stay and improve the postoperative respiratory function when compared to the conventional approach.

Three-dimensional Video Assistance Improves Early Results in Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Surgery.

Compared with the mid-sternotomy approach, minimally invasive mitral valve surgery is usually associated with longer surgical times. The increasing use of new technology has facilitated this procedure and shortened its duration, which may further improve surgical results. Since 2004, 152 patients have undergone minimally invasive mitral valve repair. Video-assisted 2D technology was used for the first 112 patients, while video-assisted 3D technology was used for the remaining 40 patients. All patients were divided into three groups: group 1 - the first 50 patients (learning curve using 2D technology); group 2 - 62 patients (past the learning curve using 2D technology); and group 3 - 40 patients (3D technology). Mean patient age was 50 ± 12 years. There was no in-hospital mortality and no conversions to mid-sternotomy. Cardiopulmonary bypass and cross-clamp times were significantly shorter in group 3 compared with groups 2 and 1, respectively (108 ± 19 vs. 124 ± 22 vs. 139 ± 27, p < 0.001; and 76 ± 14 vs. 86 ± 18 vs. 97 ± 18, p < 0.001). Intraoperative echocardiography revealed higher freedom from more than mild residual mitral regurgitation after the first pump-run in group 3 compared to group 2 (97.5% vs. 90.3%, p = 0.04). Patients in the 3D group had less postoperative bleeding (p = 0.026) and a higher glomerular filtration rate before discharge (p < 0.001) compared with the 2D groups. No significant differences were observed in ventilation time (p = 0.066) and intensive care unit duration (p = 0.071). We concluded that in minimally invasive mitral valve repair, 3D video-assisted technology may provide shorter surgical times compared to 2D video-assisted technology.

Video-assisted thoracoscopic pacemaker lead placement in children with atrioventricular block.

Background:The pacemaker lead placement is presented as one of the most appropriate procedures in children with a complete atrioventricular block (AVB). Despite the fact that video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for epicardial lead placement has demonstrated positive results as to the feasibility, safety, and efficacy in adults, its role in pacemaker implantation in children remains unclear.Aim:This study sought to assess the intermediate-term outcomes of video-assisted thoracoscopic pacemaker lead placement in children with complete AVBMaterials and Methods:From May 2017 to November 2019, five children with complete AVB underwent minimally invasive left ventricular (LV) lead placements via thoracoscopic video assistance approach. The procedure was performed under complex intratracheal anesthesia with single-lung ventilation, all pacing parameters were evaluated in perioperative and follow-up periods.Results:The median age of children at implantation was 3 years (range: 2 to 4 years), the median weight was 13 kg (range: 12–15 kg). All procedures were completed successfully, pacing thresholds for the active lead measured 0.3-1.1V, with R-wave amplitude of 8-18 mV and impedance of 560-1478 Ohm.Conclusion:Thoracoscopic pacemaker lead placement may provide a potential alternative to the transthoracic approach of epicardial lead placement in children with AVB.

IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ENHANCED(VIDEO-ASSISTED) TEACHING AS A TEACHING-LEARNING TOOL FOR MBBS FINAL II STUDENTS

Introduction: Traditional TL methods like writing on blackboard and now powerpoint presentations are increasingly becoming old fashioned, less interesting for technology savvy present generation of students. More advanced and attention seeking methods of teaching are expected by students in tandem with their excursions with technology. Here a comparative study of video-assisted teaching v/s power point presentation compared as students’ feedback after exposing them to both methods alternately.Aim and Objectives: To find out the impact of video assisted teaching against power point teaching.Methodology: The study was carried out with the M.B.B.S. Final II year students in the Department of Surgery, Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences, Jalandhar. After taking IEC clearance, students were sensitized. A total of 122 final MBBS II Students were enrolled in study. They were divided into two groups; group A and group B. They were exposed to both methods of teaching (Method 1: video assisted learning and Method 2:power point presentation) individually in two sessions. During 2nd session, cross over was done. Feedback questionnaire was distributed after a 15 minutes session every time. The feedback reports were selected from each group and data analysed.Observations: Students who were subjected to video assisted teaching voted overwhelmingly in favour of it while those who were demonstrated the procedure through power points gave a lukewarm response about power point style of teaching. Most suggestions and remarks directed in favour of video assisted teaching . They opined that it will help them in understanding the subject in great way. 62.20% could write all four steps correctly of procedure at the end of session in group A (just taught by video) while only 31.10% could do so in group B(taught by power point}.Conclusion: Teaching through video assistance, especially surgical procedures results in better attention and retaining of teaching material than with traditional power point teaching which students found non attentive.

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching (VAT) on Knowledge of Environmental Hygiene in Rural Community

Introduction : Environmental hygiene is a major public health issue in Indian community. Knowledgeon environmental hygiene in rural community is one of the most effective ways to solve this publichealth issues. The aim of this the study is to assess the effectiveness of video assisting teaching (VAT) onknowledge of environmental hygiene among rural community This paper discusses teaching interventionand implementation strategies related to environmental hygiene in Indian emphasizes to prioritize itaccording to the need of the country. Aim: To assess the effectiveness of video assisting teaching (VAT)on knowledge of environmental hygiene among rural community Materials and methods: Quantitativeexperimental approach (pretest posttest one group design) was applied to find out the effectiveness of videoassisted teaching (VAT) on knowledge of environmental hygiene in rural community. Convenience samplingtechnique used to select the 150 sample for the study. Results: Average pretest score was 12.45 and posttestscore was 20.54 where the standard deviation of pretest is 3.30 and posttest is 2.53. Range of pretest scoreis 4 – 20. After video assisted teaching, the range of posttest is 11 – 26 (median of pretest is 13 and posttestmedian is 21). There was a significant difference between pretest and posttest knowledge score of 8.9, sowe support and accept alternate hypothesis. Conclusion: Video Assisting Teaching (VAT) is an effectivemethod to teach the people of rural community.

Fluorescence navigation with indocyanine green for identification of intersegmental planes using a photodynamic eye camera.

BackgroundPulmonary segmentectomy is an important surgical option for complete resection in patients with poor lung function. However, correctly recognizing the intersegmental plane for accurate segmentectomy is sometimes difficult. We therefore developed a novel method that allows the detection of intersegmental planes using an indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging device, photodynamic eye (PDE) camera, PDE-neo.MethodsAs a prospective study, we performed bronchial ICG-guided segmentectomy using PDE-neo. The patients were placed in a lateral position under general anesthesia, and we performed a combined muscle-sparing minithoracotomy with video assistance. The pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, and segmental bronchi were separated, and ICG mixed with autologous blood was introduced by spraying through the resected segment bronchi to enable visualization of the intersegmental surface with PDE-neo. This study protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Board of Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Japan. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients.ResultsOverall, 10 lung malignancy patients, including 8 males and 2 females, participated in this study from March 2011 to October 2013. The median age was 69 years (range, 29–76 years). Pathologic diagnoses were 7 adenocarcinomas, 1 adenosquamous carcinoma, 1 carcinoid tumor, and 1 lung metastasis from the parotid gland cancer. The intersegmental planes of 8 cases could be identified by this method using a PDE-neo, whereas those of 2 cases did not show clear demarcations. The reason was that because of severe emphysema, air flowed from the resected segment to the surrounding segments, obliterating the demarcation between the two segmental planes. There were no recurrent cases and only two deaths due to other diseases were observed; and the 5-year cause-specific survival rate was 100%.ConclusionsIntersegmental planes could be more easily identified using ICG fluorescence imaging during segmentectomy. This method is feasible and effective and has a good long-term prognosis.

A Research on the Opinions of the School of Physical Education and Sports Students on the Video Assistant Referee System

The aim of this study is to determine the opinions of the students in Physical Education and Sports School (PES) about the Video Assistance Referee System (VAR). The research was carried out at Cukurova University. Descriptive survey model was used in the research. A total of 84 students (60 male, 24 female) with a mean age of 21,82±3,21 participated in the study. As a result, it can be seen that School of Physical Education and Sports students have not fully positive opinions about the VAR system like many sections of the sports public and that there is a need for further development of the practice. It can be considered that the referees should be more careful and fair in deciding the level of education and practices of the referees in order to increase the level of success of VAR system and to be accepted by all the stakeholders of football.

Improving Student Learning Outcomes Characteristics of Living Things Through Cooperative Learning Models Think Pair Share Type With Assisted Videos in Class III MINU Ngingas Waru

This research is motivated by the low learning outcomes of science students in class III C MINU Ngingas Waru on material characteristics of living things. The learning model used by teachers in the classroom is less innovative and the lack of use of learning media during learning. Student learning outcomes are less than the maximum ie only 43.2% of students who can achieve KKM. Based on this, the researcher took corrective action in learning by using the cooperative learning model think pair share type and using the help of learning media. This study aims to determine: 1) The application of think pair share type cooperative learning models with video aids and 2) Increase student learning outcomes in material features of living things. This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) using a research model of Kurt Lewin consisting of 2 cycles, where the action of each cycle starts from planning (planning), action (action), observation (observation) and reflection (reflection). The subjects of this study were students of class III C MINU Ngingas Waru with a total of 37 students consisting of 15 male students and 22 female students. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, written tests, and documentation. The results showed that: (1) The application of the think pair share type cooperative learning model with video assistance went well as evidenced by the results of observations of teacher activity data in the first cycle of 81.57 (high), and increased in the second cycle of 94.31 (very high). The results of observations of student activity in the first cycle amounted to 91.67 (very high) and increased in the second cycle of 95. (2) The improvement in learning outcomes occurred after the cooperative learning model of the type of think pair share was applied with video aids as evidenced by student learning outcomes in pre cycles get an average of 68.16 with a percentage of completeness of 43.2% (very less). Cycle I get an average of 79.86 with a percentage of completeness 64.8% (less). Cycle II get an average of 87.70 with a percentage of completeness 89.1% (good). There is a good increase in each cycle with the cooperative learning model think pair share type with video aids.

P512New approaches to pacing in children with atrioventricular block

Abstract Introduction The placement of permanent pacemaker is presented as one of the most appropriate procedures in patients with congenital complete atrioventricular block (AVB). Despite video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for epicardial lead placement has demonstrated positive results concerning the feasibility and freedom of complications in adults, its role in pacemaker implantation in children remains unclear. The study aimed to assess the intermediate-term outcomes of video-assisted thoracic pacing in children with congenital complete AVB. Methods From May 2017 to November 2018, six children with complete idiopathic AVB underwent minimally invasive left ventricular lead placements via thoracoscopic video assistance. The procedure was performed under complex intratracheal anesthesia with single-lung ventilation, median operation time was 180 minutes (120–240). Four incisions were made, three of them were used to place the lead on the left ventricular, and one was needed to place the device. All pacing parameters were evaluated in perioperative and follow-up periods. Results Median age at implantation was 3 years (2 to 15 years), median weight 13 kg (12–46 kg). All procedures were completed successfully, pacing thresholds for the active lead measured 0.5-1.1V, with R-wave amplitude of 8-18 mV and impedance of 404-1478 Ohm. Increasing pacing thresholds in the third month after pacemaker implantation occurred in one patient, so anti-inflammatory therapy was assigned. Satisfactory thresholds and impedances with no significant difference with initial values were obtained at the median follow-up of 21 months (range: 10–28 months). Conclusion Video-assisted thoracic pacing may provide a potential alternative to the transthoracic approach of epicardial lead placement in children with congenital AVB.