Victims Of Traffic Accidents Research Articles

Spatial analysis of traffic accidents involving older adults in a city in the northeast of Brazil

Abstract Objective: to describe the epidemiological characteristics of traffic accidents involving older victims, responded to by the Mobile Emergency Service (or SAMU), and to analyze the spatial distribution of these events in the city of Olinda, Pernambuco, Brazil, from 2015 to 2018. Method: a composite cross-sectional study was performed, using SAMU service records as a data source. Descriptive statistics were applied, based on frequency distribution. For the mapping and detection of spatial clusters, the Kernel intensity estimator was used. Results: SAMU responded to 137 traffic accidents with older victims. The most affected age group were older adults aged 60 to 69 years (81; 59.1%), and there was a predominance of male victims (90; 65.7%). The day of the week when most accidents occurred was Wednesday (29; 21.25%), and the highest number of accidents occurred in the morning (46; 33.6%). As for the nature of the accident, accidents involving pedestrians (80; 58.4) predominated over collisions (57; 41.6%). The Kernel intensity estimator identified a significant focus in the Peixinhos neighborhood, with other foci distributed throughout the coastal area. Conclusion: the study identified the characteristics of older victims of traffic accidents and areas of greatest risk for their occurrence in the city studied. This information can be useful when planning environmental engineering measures to be carried out in the regions identified, in order to reduce the frequency of accidents and injuries.

Insurance Coverage for Traffic Accident Victims in Iran’s Health System

Background: Injuries from traffic accident are the second cause of premature death (after ischemic heart disease) in Iran. In 2004 and 2010, two laws (Articles 92 and 36) were passed by the parliament addressing free health service delivery to victims of traffic accidents (financed by third party insurance premiums). Objectives: The current study explored the challenges and complexities related to problems in the implementation of Articles 92 and 36. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using the framework analysis method. Thirty-six experts, managers, and policy-makers were selected using snowball sampling. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews in 2016. Data saturation supported the sample size, and Atlas.Ti5.2 software were used. Results: Four main themes were identified in the data analysis namely policy content, policy context, policy processes, and policy makers. Nine sub-themes emerged during the analysis history and the necessity of legislation. Conclusion: Enforcing out-of-coverage financial loads on basic insurance companies and accident victims along with generalization in providing service packages are the most important challenges hampering implementation.

Specifics of conducting forensic medical expertise of traffic accidents victims, in consideration with the modern car security systems

The aim of this study was to determine the significance of the influence of cars safety systems design features on the nature and mechanism of the injury formation, as well as an analysis of the degree of knowledge of this issue. In order to achieve this goal, authors analyzed special literature related to the study of car injury and studied the literature of XX century and the latest research results presented in modern scientific articles and dissertations. This article includes classification of active and passive safety features in modern cars and the statistics of road accidents at the present time. Understudied aspects of car injury were identified. Authors made the conclusion, that it is necessary to develop new methods of determination of passengers and the driver position inside the car cabin during frontal, side collisions and overturning of the vehicle.

Clinical profile of road traffic accident victims

Background: India is a country with very high mortality rates due to road traffic accidents (RTAs). Two-wheelers are the most common vehicle involved in the RTAs. This study aimed to describe the overall characteristics of RTAs. Objective: The objective was to study the clinical profile of trauma patients presenting to the emergency department of a tertiary care center. Methodology: A total of 200 patients were enrolled in the study. A preorganized datasheet was prepared for each patient attending the Emergency Department of Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences. It contains data about sociodemographics, trauma data, clinical evaluation result, as well as treatment strategies. Results: Most (31%) of the patients were aged between 20 and 30 years. The mean age of the patients was 35.8 years. There were 156 males (78%) and 44 females (22%). More than half of the patients were from urban areas. Most patients (82%) were injured by two-wheelers. Sixteen patients did not wear helmet, in which eight patients (50%) had a head injury. Conclusion: Trauma is a major health problem, especially in the young population in our country. Two-wheelers are the most common vehicle involved in the RTAs. Trauma is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among all age groups, and injuries from RTA is the most common cause of disability in the developing world.

Road traffic accident and associated factors among traumatized patients at the emergency department of University of Gondar Comprehensive Teaching and Referral Hospital

INTRODUCTION: Road traffic accident (RTA) is an incident on a way or street open to public traffic that becomes one of the most critical public health problem in the world especially in developing countries. According to WHO, every day more than 3000 people die from a road traffic accidents. Developing countries account for 90% of global road traffic deaths. Road traffic accidents are being the critical public health problem that causes disabilities and death in Ethiopia which could need due investigations. METHOD: a six-month institutional-based cross sectional study was used on patients visited the University of Gondar Comprehensive Teaching and Referral Hospital to determine RTA and associated factors. A semi-structured pre-tested checklist was used to gather the data on the patient´s chart systematically. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. RESULT: from a total of 307 traumatic patients 103(33.6%) were road traffic accident victims. The mean age of the victims was 29 (SD ±13.55). Among the victims, 40(39%) have died. Adjusting all other factors in the final model, the multivariate analysis revealed that age of injured patient AOR (95% CI) = 0.03 (0.001, 0.905), occupation AOR (95% CI) = 0.01(2.037, 92.243), month of the year AOR (95% CI) = 0.12(0.035, 0.442, and time of the day, AOR (95%CI) =0.22 (0.108, 0.459) were found significantly associated with road traffic accident. CONCLUSIONS: RTAs were found to be the major public health problem that needs due attention by the government, transport minister and federal police in collaboration.

Pattern of Fatal Injuries due to Road Traffic Accidents in Khartoum, Sudan: A Retrospective Study

This retrospective study was carried out to find out the pattern of fatal injuries due to RTAs as well as the sociodemographic profile of the victims. This helps in reconstruction of RTAs and suggestion of steps for prevention. All the victims of road traffic accidents subjected to medico-legal autopsy at the mortuary of Bashayir teaching hospital in Khartoum, Sudan during the three month period from 1st January 2017 to the 31st of March 2017 were included in the study. Out of 256 autopsies conducted during the study period, deaths due to RTA were 109 (42.6%). Males died due to RTA more than females with a ratio of 2:1. The highest number of deaths was 36 (33%), recorded in the age group 20-29 years, and the lowest number was 6 (5.5%) in the age group 60 years and above. From the majority of RTA victims, 50 (45.9%) died due to head injury followed by 29 who died from multiple injuries/fractures 29 (26.6%). Hemorrhagic shock was the cause of death in 22 (20.2%) cases. Septicemia and complications were the cause in 5 (4.6%) and 2 (1.8%) cases, respectively. Spinal injuries took the life of one victim (0.9%). This study shows that there was a high percentage of RTA deaths among males of a young age. Abrasions were the most common type of external injuries. The skull was the most common bone to be fractured in the accidents. And head injury was the most common cause of death.

Schistosoma ova found in gastrostomy site granulation tissue

Abstract Background Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) occurs rarely in children. Gastrostomy tube placement is a frequently performed procedure in children and has various indications including neurologic impairment. One of the common complications of gastrostomy is granulation tissue formation resulting from chronic irritation. Case presentation We present the case of 12-years-old Asian male patient that was referred to our hospital as a victim of road traffic accident (RTA) with polytrauma (severe traumatic brain injury, fracture left tibia & fibula). He underwent laparoscopic gastrostomy for long-term feeding. Post tube placement, granulation tissue formed and persisted in spite of multiple silver nitrate cauterization trials necessitating surgical removal. On histopathologic examination of the excised specimen, it was found to harbour schistosoma ova. Conclusion Gastrostomy tube placement is commonly performed in pediatric cases with serious neurologic insult. Many cases of Schistosoma infestation are asymptomatic. Some cases have atypical presentation including histopathologic diagnosis.

Survey of basic life support knowledge in security officer of the company along The Daendles Highway

Giving first aid to traffic accident victims are often not carried out by medical personnel or competent people. The first helper in traffic accidents on the Daendles Highway is the neighboring community and security officers. The purpose of this study was to describe the knowledge level of security officers concerning basic life support in order to give first aid for the accidents along the Daendles Highway of Manyar Subdistrict, Gresik. This study used a descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. The respondents in this study were 45 security officers of the company, which is spread along the Daendles Highway of Manyar Subdistrict, Gresik, East Java. The sample was taken by purposive sampling. Data were taken using questionnaires then analyzed by univariate techniques with SPSS 16. The results showed that security with good knowledge was 31.11%, sufficient knowledge was 55.56%, and insufficient knowledge was 13.33%. The characteristic group of respondents who had good knowledge was aged 26-35 years with a working period of 1-5 years and > 5 years, while the characteristics of the respondents who had insufficient knowledge were aged 36-45 years with a working period of 1-5 years and> 5 years. Increasing knowledge and skill about basic life support are needed to reduce mortality and increase the life expectancy of victims while waiting for help from medical personnel.

Common mental disorders and risk behaviours in motorcyclists victims of traffic-accidents

Common mental disorders and risk behaviours in motorcyclists victims of traffic-accidents

Profile and costs associated with the use of osteosynthesis materials in victims of traffic accidents.

Facial trauma arising from traffic accidents is one of the most prevalent injuries in urban trauma centers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency, types, and costs associated with osteosynthesis material used in facial fractures of traffic accident victims seen at the Hospital da Restauração, Recife/PE, Brazil, from January to December 2014. Data were collected from the medical records of hospitalized patients submitted to surgery under general anesthesia for the treatment of facial fractures during the period. The data were analyzed descriptively by calculating absolute frequencies, percentages, and means. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v.21.0. Among the patients, 73.1% were victims of motorcycle accidents that led to higher costs as they were the most prevalent injuries. Mandibular fractures were the most prevalent injury (53.5%). A total of 477 osteosynthesis materials were used, of which 76.51% were a 2.0-mm plate system, 15.51% were a 1.5-mm plate system, 3.14% were a 2.4-mm plate system, 3.77% titanium meshes, 0.83% lag screws, and 0.2% steel wires. The use of these materials for the treatment of facial fractures resulted in a cost of US $51.285,00 for the Brazilian public health system. The increase in the number of traffic accidents implies significant numbers of victims with facial fractures, as well as considerable costs associated with the use of osteosynthesis materials for public health services.

Relationship between age and injury severity in traffic accidents involving elderly pedestrians.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine whether injury severity differs with respect to age among elderly pedestrians involved in traffic accidents and identify factors affecting injury severity.MethodsUsing emergency department-based injury in-depth surveillance data, we analyzed the data of patients aged ≥60 years who were victims of pedestrian traffic accidents during 2011 to 2016. The pedestrians’ ages were divided into 5-year age strata beginning at 60 years. In a multivariate analysis, injury severity was classified as severe to critical or mild to moderate.ResultsThe analysis included 10,449 patients. All age groups had a female predominance, and accidents most frequently occurred during the early morning. Multivariate analyses revealed that compared to the 60 to 64 years group, the odds ratios for incurring a severe injury were 1.18 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02 to 1.37) for the 65 to 69 years group, 1.42 (95% CI, 1.23 to 1.64) for the 70 to 74 years group, 1.70 (95% CI, 1.45 to 1.98) for the 75 to 79 years group, and 1.83 (95% CI, 1.56 to 2.15) for the ≥80 years group.ConclusionIn this study of emergency department-based data, we found that injury severity increased with age among elderly victims of traffic accidents. Furthermore, injury severity varied with respect to sex, time and location of the accident, and type of vehicle involved. Therefore, measures intended to reduce and prevent traffic accidents involving elderly pedestrians should consider these findings.

Injury severity level and associated factors among road traffic accident victims attending emergency department of Tirunesh Beijing Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A cross sectional hospital-based study.

BackgroundRoad Traffic Accidents have become an enormous global public health problem killing approximately 1.25 million people and injuring 20 to 50 million others yearly. It is the 10th leading cause of death universally and the number one cause of mortality of the young population between the ages of 5 and 29. Only few studies have been conducted on the severity of road traffic injuries in Ethiopia hence the need for the study.ObjectiveTo assess injury severity level and associated factors among road traffic accident victims.MethodsA cross-sectional study of patients involved in road traffic accident and attended Tirunesh Beijing hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Victims were consecutively recruited until sample size (164) attained during the study period. Data collectors administered a structured questionnaire. The collected data was then entered and cleaned using Epi info and exported to IBM SPSS for statistical analysis. Independent factors associated with injury severity were assessed using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression.ResultsA total of 164 road traffic injury victims were included to the study. Prevalence of severe injury accounted for 36.6% of cases. “can read and write” educational status OR 35.194(95% CI; 3.325–372.539), sustaining multiple injury OR 18.400(95% CI; 5.402–62.671), sustaining multiple injury type OR 6.955(95% CI; 1.716–28.185) and being transported by ambulance from the scene of accident OR 13.800(95% CI; 1.481–128.635) were the explanatory variables found to have a statistically significant association with severe injury.ConclusionThis study showed road traffic accident is predominantly affecting the economically active, male young population. Not a single victim received pre-hospital care, majority were extracted by bystanders and most used commercial vehicle to be transported to a health institution reflecting the need for improvements in pre-hospital emergency services and socio-economic related infrastructures.

Profile of Ocular Injuries among Road Traffic Accident Victims at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Goa

Profile of Ocular Injuries among Road Traffic Accident Victims at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Goa

PEMODELAN FAKTOR - FAKTOR PENYEBAB KEPARAHAN KORBAN KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS DI KOTA AMBON DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL REGRESI LOGISTIK MULTINOMIAL

Traffic accidents are one of the main causes of the highest increase in mortality in Indonesia. This problem needs attention to anticipate the fall of the death toll in a traffic accident. So in this study, there are response variables and several predictor variables. The purpose of this study was to find out what factors influence the severity of traffic accident victims in Ambon city based on categories and model the severity of traffic accident victims in Ambon city based on significant factors using the Multinomial Logistic Regression method. In this study, the results obtained are factors that significantly affect the severity of the traffic accident victims are sex variables (X1), age (X1), education (X3) and type of vehicle (X5).

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KONSUMEN PENGGUNA JASA TRANSPORTASI ONLINE

Anggun Lupita, 2018, Legal Protection against Users of Online Transportation Services, Thesis, Faculty of Law, Islamic University as-Shafi'iyah, Jakarta.
 This research aims to find out the implementation of legal protections for consumers of online transportation service users who experience losses or accidents and dispute resolution of users of online transportation services. The purpose of this study is to find out how to implement legal protections for consumers of online transportation service users who experience losses or accidents. Formulation of the problem: (1) How to implement legal protections against consumers of online transportation service users. (2) How to resolve disputes with users of online transportation services. Company PT. Go-Jek as an online transportation provider company must provide compensation or insurance to consumers of online transportation service users in the form of Go-Car who have an accident, stipulated in Article 237 of Law No. 22 of 2009 on Traffic and Road Transportation expressly requires public transportation companies to follow the accident insurance program as a form of responsibility for insurance guarantees for accident victims. In the implementation of legal protections for consumers of online transportation service users who have a Go-Car accident, PT. Go-Jek as a transportation provider of Go-Jek only provides compensation or insurance of Rp 10,000,000.00 and hospital costs of Rp 5,000,000.00, as a form of responsibility and compensation to consumers who have experienced accidents. In the settlement of disputes of users of online transportation services that occur in go-car accident cases in Manado that occur by consumers are out of court (non-litigation) or familially in accordance with the results of the agreement of the parties. The conclusion of this study according to the authors of the implementation of compensation in the form of compensation or insurance to consumers of go-car online transportation service users as victims of accidents is unfair and not in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Finance No. 16 of 2017 on Large Compensation and Mandatory Contribution of Road Traffic Accident Fund, compensation for victims of road traffic accidents.

Accident Analysis Due To The Condition Of Transportation Infrastructure In Surabaya

The city of Surabaya is one of the major cities in Indonesia and is the capital of East Java Province, with a total population of 2,765,487 based on the Surabaya City Statistics Center 2018. With increasing population, ownership of private vehicles and activities on the highway will also increase. more dense and certainly can cause traffic accidents. The purpose of this research was to find out the characteristics of road users and the effect of the level of accidents on the road Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno Surabaya. The factors reviewed from this study are the characteristics of road users based on Age, Profession, Driver Factors, Vehicle Factors and Road Infrastructure Factors. To find out whether Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno is a road with a Black Spot area, so the Accident Rate method is used for this study to determine the accident rate based on the Black Spot area. From the results of accident analysis based on the characteristics of the road user Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, the highest factor as the main cause of traffic accidents is caused by Drivers with speeding conditions and vulnerable drivers aged 16-30 years. And based on the accident rate method get the highest yield of 12.74 accidents / km. Year and included in the black spot area with an accident rate >1.0. The number of traffic violations and traffic accident victims on the road Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno during 2018 there were 61 traffic accidents which resulted in 7 casualties died, 7 accident victims suffered serious injuries and 73 accident victims suffered minor injuries.

IDENTIFIKASI KARAKTERISTIK KORBAN KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS DI SIDOARJO TAHUN 2016

Traffic accident becomes a very serious case because it causes not only material loss but also physical and psychological harms to the subject and the people around him. Accidents that occurred resulted in not only injuries but also death. This study aims to identify characteristics of traffic accident victims in Sidoarjo in 2016. It was an observational study with cross sectional design and based on daily data of traffic accident with 735 samples. Data were processed by ordinal logistic regression statistic test. In this case, variables of the study included the severity of victim, age, gender, profession, time of occurrence, type of collision, and type of vehicle. The results of characteristic identification showed that most of the victims had minor injuries, were male, aged ≥ 34 years old, workers, and got into accidents in the afternoon. The conclusion was factors affecting the severity of traffic accident victims in Sidoarjo were head-on-collisions (hitting straight) and motorcycles as the vehicle type. Modelling obtained was 3,133 for the constant of head-on-collision (hitting straight), 1,464 for the constant of vehicle type (motorcycles), and Y value of 4,597. This study was not supported by complete predictor data, thus the data need to be added so that the accuracy of classification increases and the value gets significant.

IDENTIFYING THE CHARACTERISTICS OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENT VICTIMS IN SIDOARJO IN 2016

Traffic accident becomes a very serious case because it causes not only material loss but also physical and psychological harms to the subject and the people around him. Accidents that occurred resulted in not only injuries but also death. This study aims to identify characteristics of traffic accident victims in Sidoarjo in 2016. It was an observational study with cross sectional design and based on daily data of traffic accident with 735 samples. Data were processed by ordinal logistic regression statistic test. In this case, variables of the study included the severity of victim, age, gender, profession, time of occurrence, type of collision, and type of vehicle. The results of characteristic identification showed that most of the victims had minor injuries, were male, aged ≥ 34 years old, workers, and got into accidents in the afternoon. The conclusion was factors affecting the severity of traffic accident victims in Sidoarjo were head-on-collisions (hitting straight) and motorcycles as the vehicle type. Modelling obtained was 3,133 for the constant of head-on-collision (hitting straight), 1,464 for the constant of vehicle type (motorcycles), and Y value of 4,597. This study was not supported by complete predictor data, thus the data need to be added so that the accuracy of classification increases and the value gets significant.

Neurocognitive deficits in an adult road traffic accident victim

Road traffic accident (RTA) is very common phenomenon in our country and brain injury due to RTA is most common consequence. As there is brain injury, there might be psychiatric manifestation too. A case of neurocognitive disorder due to RTA had been illustrated here. Diagnosis was made by his complaints of forgetting things, self-talking, poor self-care and slowness. Clinician as well as psychiatrists should be aware of the scenario during clinical practice. Bang J Psychiatry 2019; 33(1): 18-19

Foreign and national experience in organizing tertiary medical care for injured in road accidents

As a result of road accidents in the Russian Federation, up to 30 thousand people are killed every year, which causes significant demographic and socio-economic damage to the state. The World Health Organization considers road traffic injuries as one of the global problems associated with 1.25 million deaths. In many countries, the leading direction of development of medical care for victims of road traffic accidents is the creation of trauma systems. The main volume of medical care for victims of road traffic accidents and those with severe injuries under other circumstances is provided by trauma centers of the 2nd and 1st levels. The implementation of the federal targeted programs «Improving road safety in 2006-2012» allowed the creation of a network of trauma centers in a number of subjects of the Russian Federation, whose work reduced mortality and disability among victims with severe injuries, but the problem cannot be considered solved because there are no national database of the victims of road accidents (register), system for assessing the severity of injuries and recording long-term results of non-fatal injuries, which excludes the possibility to compare the clinical effectiveness of the Russian trauma centers among themselves and with foreign counterparts.