Recovery Of Victims Research Articles

ANALYSIS OF LOVE SCAM: CASE STUDY OF SEXTORTION INVOLVING A MEMBER OF THE MEDAN DPRD

The rapid advancement of communication technology has brought about significant changes in societal interactions, but it has also amplified the threat of cybercrimes, including love scams and sextortion. This article explores cases of sextortion involving a convict and a member of a regional legislative council, while delineating the cyberculture and space transition factors that facilitate these crimes. Furthermore, the article adopts a qualitative approach with case study method and literature study to comprehend the phenomena of love scams, sextortion, and related cases. Policing strategies for tackling sextortion are presented, with an emphasis on e-policing. Conclusions and recommendations for effectively combating sextortion are also discussed, including the importance of prevention, the utilization of technology, and a focus on victim recovery. The article proposes a collaborative effort to address this issue comprehensively.

Peran Unit Pelayanan Perempuan Dan Anak (PPA) Satreskrim Polresta Banyumas Dalam Menanggulangi Tindak Pidana Persetubuhan Terhadap Anak Dibawah Umur

This paper aims to analyze the role of the Women and Child Services Unit (PPA) of Satreskrim Polresta Banyumas in dealing with the crime of prostitution against minors and the factors causing the crime in the territory of the law of Polrest Banyumas. A qualitative approach is used to collect data through interviews, observations, and document analysis. The results of the research show that the PPA Unit has a significant role in dealing with cases of sexual abuse against minors, including in the prevention, law enforcement, and victim recovery aspects. The causes of such crimes include low awareness of children's rights, gender inequality, lack of adequate sexual education, and vulnerable socio-economic conditions. The conclusions reaffirmed the need for collaborative efforts between various parties, including government agencies, communities, and non-governmental organizations, in improving child protection and combating sexual offences against minors in the area of law of Polresta Banyumas. This research contributes to a greater understanding of the dynamics of dealing with crimes of sexual immorality against minors and the efforts that can be made to address them in a holistic way. Keywords: Women's and Children's Service Unit, underage children

양형과 피해자

CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA ensures the rights of crime victims at the fundamental rights level by stipulating the right to make statements during judicial proceedings and the right to claim assistance. The necessity of guaranteeing the rights of victims in criminal procedures is an important criterion used in practice when making judgments on specific cases nowadays. Particularly in recent rulings, issues include: ① the revision of sentencing guidelines and changes in the content of ‘non-prosecution requests’ and ‘agreements’ through these revisions, ② the newly implemented criminal deposit, and ③ the distinction and relationship between prosecution conditions and sentencing factors. Traditionally, criminal law has focused on offenders, with victims and their conditions not being a primary concern. Discussions on penal theory have often overlooked victims. To address this, the concept of “restorative justice” is sometimes introduced. However, the status of victims can also be secured through perspectives that view crime as a violation of mutual recognition relationships or through the positive general prevention theory in penal theory. However, considering the provisions of the Criminal Act and the Court Organization Act regarding sentencing, taking victim recovery into account during sentencing can be justified from the perspective of special prevention. Additionally, agreements or deposits should also be seen as meaningful in relation to victim recovery.

Application of gas sensor technology to locate victims in mass disasters – a review

AbstractThe occurrence of mass disasters are increasing as a result of changing climates and the growing threat of terrorist activities/conflicts. When these tragedies strike, it is critical to locate victims. While search and rescue dogs are trained to locate the living, cadaver detection dogs are trained to locate the deceased. These dogs rely on the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from the victims to do so. Knowing which dog unit to deploy can be challenging, and the victims’ makeup is likely to change following disasters in densely inhabited places, where commingling is likely to occur. The use of electronic nose technologies in forensic science is a recent breakthrough. Due to their ability to detect differing VOCs, this technology can be used to assist in the recovery of victims in disaster events. The most popular types of accessible gas sensor technologies are briefly introduced and compared in this article for their potential use to locate missing persons, both living and deceased. The current and future market needs are articulated, and the lack of enrichment of these needs is examined in relation to the capabilities of existing gas sensors. This will inform further research areas of preference to increase victim detection capabilities.

PENGHENTIAN PERKARA DENGAN DENDA DAMAI PADA TINDAK PIDANA EKONOMI

AbstractThis study aims to determine the application of peace fines by the Attorney General's Office in the settlement of economic crimes, as well as to find the concept of case termination with peace fines in economic crimes, using progressive legal thinking and restorative justice. The research method used is normative with statutory and comparative approaches sourced from primary data. The results showed that peace fines by the Attorney General in the settlement of economic crimes can be carried out based on Article 35 Paragraph (1) letter K of the Law of the Prosecutor of the Republic of Indonesia, this is an implementation of the principle of Opportunity and the position of the Attorney General as Dominus Litis which has permanent legal force. This is in line with the application of case settlement with the principle of restorative justice which prioritises victim recovery. The concept of case termination with a peace fine for taxation, customs, and economic crimes, is carried out with the principle of restorative justice, which is carried out by taking into account the interests of state revenue, there are no elements of corruption, and with the approval of the Attorney General by considering the impact caused by the criminal act, the costs and benefits of handling the case, as well as the guilty statement of the perpetrator and his willingness to pay a peace fine. The conditions for case termination are that the perpetrator is the first time involved in a criminal offence and there has been a restoration to the original state carried out by the perpetrator of the criminal offence.Keywords: Termination of case; peaceful fine; economic crime.

The Enigma of Humanistic Justice in Addressing Narcotics Abuse

Drug abuse is a complex problem that requires a comprehensive solution. This includes how the concept is used in various aspects of tackling drug abuse. Justice in drug abuse eradication is a complex enigma, especially when the approach taken tends to be repressive and pays less attention to humanitarian aspects. Restorative justice is an alternative paradigm for handling drug abuse in Indonesia by linking it to the values of Pancasila. Restorative justice emphasizes recovery, reconciliation, and reintegration of offenders, victims, and society. This approach is in line with Pancasila values such as humanity, unity, and social justice. Restorative justice does not only enforce the law, but also pays attention to the social and psychological aspects involved in drug abuse cases. Applying restorative justice to the rehabilitation of drug addicts helps them overcome their addiction and become productive members of society again. Implementing restorative justice requires the cooperation of various stakeholders, including government, law enforcement, and local communities. This research aims to explore and understand the complexity of humanistic justice in the context of drug abuse treatment, as well as examine the definition and concept of humanistic justice in the context of drug abuse. This research uses an empirical juridical method, with interviews conducted at the Kediri City Attorney's Office and observation visits to post-rehabilitation drug abusers. Results of this study show that to overcome this, a comprehensive approach is needed that affects many aspects of life. The noble values of Pancasila provide a solid foundation in developing effective coping strategies.

Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Perempuan Sebagai Korban Kejahatan Pornografi Balas Dendam (Revenge Porn) di Media Sosial

This research discusses the form of legal protection for women as victims of crime (revenge porn) on social media according to the TPKS Law and the obstacles in providing legal protection to women as victims of revenge porn crimes on social media. This research uses normative legal research. The data from this research is collected by literature study in the form of written regulations, theories from books and journals. The results of this study indicate that: first, the legal protection of victims of revenge porn in the TPKS Law, one of which is regulating the rights of victims such as handling, protection and recovery from cases of sexual violence. Second, obstacles in providing protection to women victims include the deep-rooted patriarchal culture and the distribution of intimate photos / videos considered as consensual. The conclusions of this study are: first, the enactment of Law No.12 of 2022 concerning Criminal Acts of Sexual Violence provides a positive signal in the prevention, handling and recovery of victims of sexual violence such as revenge porn.Second, the entrenched patriarchal culture is one of the obstacles in providing legal protection to women victims of revenge porn on social media.

Psychological Dynamics of Domestic Violence Victims: A Qualitative Study

This study aims to understand the psychological dynamics experienced by victims of domestic violence through a qualitative approach. By focusing on the subjective experiences of victims, this study explores how domestic violence affects the mental and emotional state of victims, as well as the coping strategies they use to survive. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with a number of victims of domestic violence, which were then thematically analysed to identify common psychological patterns. The results showed that victims of domestic violence experience various forms of psychological trauma, including fear, depression, anxiety, and a sense of worthlessness. In addition, many victims also experience internal conflict between the desire to leave a harmful relationship and a sense of emotional or economic dependence on the perpetrator. The coping strategies used by victims vary, ranging from seeking social support to using defensive mechanisms such as denial and avoidance. This study highlights the complexity of the psychological experiences of victims of domestic violence and the need for intervention approaches that are more holistic and sensitive to the psychological needs of victims. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the development of more effective policies and services in supporting the recovery of victims of domestic violence.

Reflecting Pancasila in Environmental Crimes Enforcement: Diffusing Values to Indonesia’s Laws

Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution play crucial roles in shaping Indonesia's governance, societal values, and legal framework, particularly in safeguarding the right to a clean and healthy environment. However, environmental destruction persists due to inadequate corporate accountability enforcement and systemic flaws. Hence, the article examines Indonesia's regulatory approach to holding corporations accountable for environmental crimes through the lens of Pancasila. It explores how Pancasila's principles influence environmental regulations, emphasizing nature harmony, fair treatment, and social justice. Effective enforcement aligned with these principles can promote sustainable development and environmental protection. Challenges like regulatory gaps and corruption need addressing. Building an optimal framework entails integrating Pancasila values into preventive and punitive measures, ensuring transparency, community participation, and fair enforcement. Success hinges on robust legal structures and public involvement, with initiatives like corporate collaboration, transparency, and strict liability enforcement. Implementation requires the establishment of mechanisms such as an Environmental Court and community oversight for victim recovery. This article uses a normative approach elaborated through a conceptual and statute approach.

Menjadi Sahabat bagi yang Terbully: Implementasi Konsep Persahabatan Menurut Etika Nikomakean Aristoteles

This research aims to explore the application of the concept of friendship in Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics in the context of supporting victims of bullying. The problem raised is how the concept of ideal friendship according to Aristotle can help overcome and reduce the negative impacts of bullying. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach with literature analysis and case studies of individuals who experience bullying and find support through friendly relationships in accordance with Aristotelian principles. The findings suggest that friendships based on virtue, as described by Aristotle, can provide significant emotional support, increase victims' self-confidence, and promote a more positive social environment. The conclusion of this research is that the implementation of the Aristotelian concept of friendship is not only relevant, but also effective in providing assistance and recovery for victims of bullying, and has the potential to reduce bullying incidents themselves.

The Urgency of Chemical Castration Regulation in the Sexual Violence Criminal Act Law

This study aims to determine the urgency of chemical castration in the Law on Sexual Violence, to examine the ideal arrangement of chemical castration in the Law on Sexual Violence in sexual violence against minors committed by the victim's biological parents. And can provide an adequate description of the scope and application of additional criminal law in the form of chemical castration against perpetrators of sexual violence. In this research, the type of research used is normative juridical. Normative juridical research is a procedure used to solve problems from the legal issues at hand. This research focuses on the statute approach, conceptual approach, discussion of rules and norms in positive law. The author looks at the applicable legal rules, especially the regulation of chemical castration in Indonesia Child Protection Law 17 2016, PP No. 70 of 2020 concerning chemical castration. The author finds that it is important to emphasize the need for a thorough review of chemical castration sanctions in the Child Protection Law in Indonesia. Although aimed at preventing sexual violence and providing a deterrent effect, this policy has drawn pros and cons related to human rights violations and its effectiveness has not been proven. Practical challenges such as the sustainability of the punitive effect and offender recovery are also important. A comprehensive approach is needed, prioritizing law enforcement, crime prevention, and victim recovery, with a focus on the best interests of the child and a broad dialogue on human rights, medical ethics, and technical implementation.

A review of the contributions of forensic archaeology and anthropology to the process of disaster victim identification.

Forensic archaeology and anthropology have developed significantly over past decades and now provide considerable assistance to the investigation process of disaster victim recovery and identification. In what are often chaotic death and crime scenes, the formal process of utilizing archaeological methods can bring control, order, and ensure systematic search. Procedures assist in defining scene extent, locating victims and evidence, rule out areas for consideration, and provide standardized recording and quality assurance through dedicated use of standardized forms (pro formas). Combined archaeological and anthropological search methods maximize opportunities to recovery the missing through identifying remains, mapping distributions, and providing accounting of victims at the scene. Anthropological assistance in examinations contributes to individual assessment, resolving commingling and fragmentation issues, and utilizing DNA sampling methods and matching data to reassociate and account for the missing. Utilization of archaeology, anthropology, and DNA matching data provides scope to review crime scene recovery and determine requirements and potential for further survey and retrieval. Adopting the most suitable methods for a particular context can maximize recovery, efficiency, and resource use. Case studies demonstrate the utility of archaeological methods in a range of scenarios. They exemplify the success of multidisciplinary analysis in providing evidence of the sequence of events, the timing of events, the impact of taphonomic processes, the location and accounting of victims, and the demonstration of systematic scene search. The considerations provided in this article, utilizing archaeology and anthropology processes, may assist investigators in planning and implementing responses to mass fatalities.

Implementation of Social Communication in the Recovery of Drug Abuse Victims

Drug abuse is a big problem in society because its impact can affect many aspects of life. Apart from harming the people directly affected, this also has an impact on families and society as a whole. Facing this challenge, new recovery methods are starting to be developed, especially those involving social and spiritual communication, to help victims of drug conservation. This research aims to evaluate the use of spiritual social communication methods in the recovery of drug abuse victims at the Bhayangkara Indonesia Drug Abuse Prevention Rehabilitation Center, Medan. Using a qualitative approach based on case studies, this research examines the influence of social spiritual communication methods on the recovery process, the challenges that arise, and strategies to increase their effectiveness. Research methods include participant observation, in-depth interviews with drug abuse victims and rehabilitation facilitators, as well as analysis of documents related to rehabilitation programs. The research results show that the integration of socio-spiritual communication methods has a positive impact on the recovery of victims. However, implementing this method faces several obstacles such as lack of community support and limited resources. To overcome these challenges, efforts are needed to increase public understanding and support, provide adequate resources, and strengthen professional capabilities in spiritual guidance. The conclusion of this research is that with shared commitment, social-spiritual communication methods can be an important element in sustainable recovery for victims of drug abuse.

Trauma-focused treatments for victims of interpersonal violence: A comparison of treatment interventions and outcomes

Background: Interpersonal violence represents a critical public health issue globally, with profound psychological impacts on victims. Objective: The main objective of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of different trauma-focused therapies on mental health outcomes of victims of interpersonal violence, at a community mental health clinic. Methods: Employing a secondary data methodology, the research involves 601 participants who reported being victims of sexual assault (49.1%), domestic violence (44.3%) or sexual trafficking (6.7%). The average age of the participants was 35.54 years, with a majority being female (89.8%). Results: Initial assessments revealed distinct symptomatology among the groups; however, by the ninth therapy session, symptom severity converged across the board, surpassing threshold levels for clinical concern. No significant interaction was observed between the type of trauma-focused therapy and the specific trauma encountered, suggesting a beneficial effect of trauma-focused therapies investigated. This uniformity in therapeutic outcomes underscores the potential of trauma-focused therapies to foster psychological healing in victims of diverse forms of interpersonal violence. Conclusions: The findings advocate for the widespread adoption of trauma-focused therapeutic interventions in community settings, emphasizing their role in the recovery of victims, independent of the nature of the trauma or the specific trauma-focused therapeutic model employed.

Problems in Fulfilling the Rights of Crime Victims Due to Misconceptions of Restitution Terminology

Restitution rights are problematic in fulfilling the rights of victims of crime, mainly due to misconceptions about restitution terminology. This research aims to explore and analyze the misconceptions of restitution terminology by the society and its impact on the fulfillment of the rights of victims of crime using the analysis of Social Construction Theory. This research uses an empirical juridical approach by utilizing primary data in the form questionnaires distributed to community service participants and the focused discussion process in Community Service activities and secondary data in the form of primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The findings of this study indicate that the misconception of restitution terminology is formed through the social construction of legal norms on the wrong meaning of restitution terminology These misconceptions take the form of restitution being understood as peace, restitution is the same as compensation and restitution results in the elimination of imprisonment for the perpetrator. These misconceptions have implications for the non-fulfillment of the rights of victims of crime, which will arrise in the difficulty in submitting requests for restitution, the victim's perception of justice is reduced and a negative impact on the victim's recovery process. This misconception will also lead to weak law enforcement against criminal offenders.

Handling Child Victims of Incestuous Sexual Violence by The PPA Unit (A Case Study of Sexual Violence by Biological Fathers at the North Jakarta Metro Police)

The process of handling cases of incestuous sexual violence against children by the Child and Woman Protection Unit (PPA) of the Criminal Investigation Unit of the North Jakarta Metro Police Department begins with the receipt of reports from victims. Investigators provide initial services, including counseling and preliminary assessments. Legal psychology is crucial in understanding victims and compiling strong reports. Investigators use cognitive interview methods and various interviewing techniques. Victim support involves multiple parties, and inter-agency cooperation and coordination are essential to provide optimal protection and recovery for victims. Evaluating the competence of investigators in the PPA Unit of the North Jakarta Metro Police Department based on indicators set by Spencer and Spencer. This evaluation shows that investigators have adequate abilities to handle cases of child sexual violence, including incest. Motivation, physical characteristics, self-concept, knowledge, and skills of investigators are key in handling these sensitive cases. Identifying several challenges in the investigation process of child rape faced by the PPA Unit of the North Jakarta Metro Police Department. These challenges include difficulty in obtaining statements from victims, lack of direct eyewitnesses, and delays in the forensic examination process. However, the PPA Unit of the North Jakarta Metro Police Department ensures that the investigation process is carried out in accordance with applicable legal procedures, considering steps such as notifying the Prosecutor's Office, examining witnesses, preparing reports, conducting investigations, holding case hearings, and using coercion to apprehend suspects.

Redefining forgiveness in restorative justice

ABSTRACT In restorative justice (RJ), forgiveness is usually eschewed because it is narrowly defined as a bilateral process. However, this conceptualisation neglects the multi-dimensionality of forgiveness in RJ because forgiveness can take place beyond an interpersonal level. We aim to shed light on the intrapersonal dimension of forgiveness in RJ. By redefining forgiveness in RJ, we argue that (1) intrapersonal forgiveness is as compatible with RJ as interpersonal forgiveness; (2) intrapersonal forgiveness comes before interpersonal forgiveness and facilitates it in RJ; (3) unlike interpersonal forgiveness as an emergent value, intrapersonal forgiveness can be embraced as a maximising value in RJ; (4) intrapersonal and interpersonal forgiveness can serve as a catalyst for victim recovery and desistance from crime in RJ respectively.

"If we don't forgive, it's like holding on to them": A qualitative study of religious and spiritual coping on psychological recovery in older crime victims.

There is growing need to strengthen support for older crime victims. We aimed to explore spiritual and/or religious (S/R) beliefs in a sample of older victims and understand how this shapes psychological responding and coping with crime. Qualitative study with supplementary descriptive statistics nested within a clinical trial. We explored psychological responding and coping in-depth through semistructured interviews with 27 older victims of police-reported crime, purposefully sampled to achieve maximum variation. We inductively analyzed data using a reflexive thematic analysis. We assessed the breadth of S/R beliefs in a large sample (N = 402) of initially distressed older victims using an abbreviated version of The Royal Free Interview for Spiritual Beliefs. We assessed continued psychological distress using the two-item Generalised Anxiety Disorder and Patient Health Questionnaire 3 months postcrime. Over two-thirds (67%) identified as S/R, but psychological distress scores were similar, irrespective of religiosity. Our qualitative analysis suggests that crime may impact religious identity or practice in some older victims (hate crime) but influences attitudes or coping in others. Positive coping included acceptance, forgiveness, and/or turning to prayer or faith communities. Negative coping included fixation on retribution, superstition, perceived abandonment by God, or an inability to accommodate the crime within their beliefs, amplifying psychological distress. Understanding the psychological impact on older crime victims is enhanced by clarifying the role of S/R. Further research, especially on non-Christian religious victims, is needed. Cultural awareness training for trauma counselors and trauma awareness training for faith leaders is recommended. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

The Contribution of Forensic Psychology to Improve the Protection of Rape Victims in Trials

This study aims to identify the contribution of forensic psychology in the preparation of rape victims to testify in court and analyze the legal framework applicable to the protection of rape victims in the legal system in Indonesia. This research is normative juridical by using secondary data such as laws and regulations, literature studies, and expert interviews of Forensic Psychologists. The results of the first research analysis of forensic psychology contribute to the preparation and recovery of rape victims in the context of trials. By taking into account regulations such as Law Number 18 of 2014 concerning Mental Health and Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 45 of 2017, the practice of forensic psychology in Indonesia is directed to improve practice standards and protect the public from unethical practices. Second, legal protection for rape victims in Indonesia consists of two main aspects, namely preventive and curative protection. Preventive protection is established through regulations such as Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning rape in the Criminal Code and Law Number 12 of 2022 concerning Sexual Violence (TPKS Law), which guarantees fair and comprehensive treatment and holistic recovery for victims. Curative legal protection is regulated by Law Number 36 of 2009 Article 144, which emphasizes treatment and rehabilitation approaches for victims after the commission of crimes.

Experiences and Reporting of Unwanted Sexual Behaviors on Great Britain’s Rail Network: A Survey of Victims and Witnesses with an Embedded Randomized Vignette Experiment on Callback Effects

ABSTRACT Unwanted-sexual-behaviors (USBs) on Great Britain’s rail network, though often seen as “lesser-harm” incidents, have profound psychological, emotional, and behavioral impacts on victims and witnesses. A national survey reveals these effects, highlighting the traumatizing effect of USBs, even years later. Victims share their dissatisfaction with reporting USBs and the need for empathetic communication in victim recovery and trust in authorities. The study also examines the impact of reassurance callbacks from police. While a single callback enhanced perceptions of safety and police effectiveness, multiple callbacks were favored, suggesting their potential to improve victim support and confidence in law enforcement responses to USBs.