Incest Victims Research Articles

Exploring the Recovery Process of Incestuous Victims from being Placed to Return Home

<p>當應該提供保護的父親變成性侵害的加害者、當母親捍衛著家庭的完整卻忽略孩子的受傷，安置成為終止傷害必要的手段時，服務系統提供些什麼幫助亂倫受害者創傷復原、返家後的適應以及其中的成長與轉化歷程，是本研究所關注的焦點。本研究以敘說分析的方式，探討父女亂倫受害者在經過通報安置並進入服務系統後，受害者對於各項服務介入的知覺及創傷復原歷程。藉由深度訪談蒐集亂倫受害者的回顧詮釋，理解其被通報後的內在知覺感受和外在情境脈絡的交互影響，並嘗試歸納受害者復原的正向促進因子。研究結果發現，儘管離開原生家庭是分離和失落、面對陌生環境是混亂和不安，但安置期間得以被適當對待和獲得新經驗。當結束安置，面對解構再重組的家庭、陌生卻又熟悉的母親、不同生命階段的開展，返家雖然是另一段艱辛挑戰的開始，但服務系統持續提供支持、穩定的諮商關係引導自我覺察與自我了解，以及過程中累積而成的值得被愛的感受及信任，可以讓亂倫受害者內化經驗形成新的視野與能力，並持續自我覺察與自我照顧，進而踏上復原之路。</p> <p> </p><p>Out-of-home placement may become necessary when the father, who should have been the protector, becomes the perpetrator of sexual assault, and the mother, who attempts to keep the family together, neglects the impact of trauma on the child. This research focuses on what the service system provides to help victims of incest recover from trauma, facilitate them to fit in after returning home, and pinpoint mechanisms by which victims change in the process. Through the narrative approach, this research explores the victim’s perception in regards to post-report placement, treatment, and services in the child protective service system offered by Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault Prevention Center. Through in-depth interviews to gather the victim’s reflections and interpretation, this research seeks to understand and analyze the correlation between the victim’s internalized perception and externalized awareness, and to enlist the protective factors which promote recovery. This study attempts to show the history of being placed to return home of incestuous victims, but the ups and downs of the process is a long dark and unending arduous course and painful metamorphosis for the victims. The victim’s childhood experience is formed not only from the sexual abuse of the biological father but also from the growing trauma of constantly carved, accumulated family injuries, which are likely to be healed only if all variables involved are pinpointed. The study found that despite the grief of separation from the family of origin and the anxiety provoked by being placed into a completely unfamiliar environment, being placed in a placement agency may begin to restore the victim’s mental health through being treated appropriately and gaining healthy life experiences. However, returning the victim home may be the beginning of a new phase of challenges when the child is expected to reintegrate into the restructured family, reconnect with the mother, who may or may not behave differently, and to continue on the journey of further development. Social workers or counsellors, who have opportunities to accompany the victim and provide emotional infusion and hope for a long time, assist the victim in internalising their own experience and exploring internal positive resources that will help the victim face different life stages and challenges in the future. Therefore, by providing systemic services during and after placement, continued counseling to increase self-awareness, and the trust that is worthy of being loved, the victim can start to recover from trauma by converting experience into positive resources and abilities. These positive resources and abilities will make them stronger as they experience challenges and difficulties. To sum up, trauma recovery is a dynamic process with no endpoint or clear criteria. However, when victims look back on their lives, they will be emotionally overwhelmed and proud of their newborn lives.</p> <p> </p>

Peculiarities of behavior of juvenile victims of violent incest

The article considers the peculiarities of the behavior of juvenile victims of violent incest. It is indicated that the following features should be taken into account when studying the typology of victims of violent incest: 1) biological and psychological features and types of victims; 2) circumstances that preceded / contributed to the commission of the violent act; 3) the behavior of the victim at the time of the act of violence and after it. Establishing these features will provide an opportunity to more fully and correctly classify juvenile victims of violent incest. The author points out that in the general sense, the types of juvenile victims of sexual crimes do not differ sharply from the general public. At the same time, the typology of such persons is somewhat narrowed due to the frequent dominance of certain features that provoke the criminal offender to commit an illegal act. For example, if a person seeks to commit theft or robbery / robbery, the victim often plays a secondary role, as circumstances that contribute to the offense come to the fore (dark time of day, absence of outsiders, etc.). In the case of violent incest or any other socially dangerous act of a sexual nature, the language focuses on the victim as the "object of desire." That is why the criminal offender usually pays attention to two aspects: the biological characteristics of the victim and the psychological characteristics (behavioral reactions). A study of statistics and jurisprudence concluded that in most cases this type of criminal offense is committed against juveniles who have an attractive appearance and passive behavior (do not make excessive efforts to protect and prevent incest). Attention is drawn to the fact that the provocation of violent incest is inherent in older minors and is due to the desire to prove to their loved ones their adulthood, sexuality and readiness for sexual intercourse. Often such victims seek to feel wanted, but do not understand the real threat of experiencing illegal sexual influence, especially from a close relative.

Factors Associated With Impeding the Reintegration of Incest Survivors: A Qualitative Study in Selected Safe Homes in Nepal.

Incest is a globally prevalent phenomenon and is defined as sexual relations between closely related family members. Despite being a criminal offense irrespective to the gender and age incest is a prevalent issue in Nepal. Incest survivors are sheltered in safe homes for specific periods and reintegrated into their families following their healing. This research aims to explore the challenges and issues involved in the reintegration of incest survivors and investigate how the interconnected perceptions of families and individuals relate to the incest survivors' successful reintegration. This qualitative study was conducted in three districts of Nepal. Fourteen incest survivors, five service providers from safe homes, and 22 community members were purposefully and theoretically selected. Semi-structured interviews were carried out to collect the study data, which were subsequently coded and analyzed using a grounded theory approach. The results indicate the importance of the reintegration of incest survivors, as staying in a safe home may not offer a long-term solution for these individuals. However, reintegration is challenging without acceptance and support from the survivors' families and communities, the survivors' readiness to reintegrate, and agreement from the survivors' safe homes. Factors found to influence the unsuccessful reintegration of survivors included family fragmentation, socio-economic status, family resistance, the survivor-perpetrator relationship, survivors' interests, fears, and the possibility of repeated incidents, harmful social norms and cultural practices, community intervention, and negative perceptions. This study found that factors associated with impeding the reintegration of incest survivors are found in survivors, their families, and their communities. Creating harmonious family systems, providing education on gender equality, empowering women to fight against all sorts of abuse, and governmental assurances on the implementation of legal aid, human rights, ratified conventions on child rights and women's rights may help prevention of incest, and address the reintegration challenges of incest victims.

Abortion Policy in Nigeria: A Challenging National Health Concern

Introduction: Unsafe abortion cases resulting from the prohibition of abortion in Nigeria continue to be growing exponentially. Abortion cases and their related complications are a public health concern. Over one million abortions are estimated to be carried out annually in Nigeria with related morbidity, mortality, and complications under the country's restrictive abortion policy. However, the law remains static and fails to approach the current realities as abortion-related offences still carry 14 years of jail terms. This has forced people to seek abortion clandestinely through unsafe hands. Nigeria has two different abortion laws. The northern part of the country is ruled by the Penal Code 18 of 1959, while the southern part is governed by the Criminal Code of 1916. Both Codes strictly prohibit abortion. Purpose:This paper aims to examine abortion law in Nigeria, its effect on women, especially women of reproductive age, and make pertinent recommendations that can improve the current situation. Conclusion: Relaxing the very restrictive abortion law will encourage safe abortion practices by fostering easy access to quality post-abortion-related care. This will reduce complications leading to morbidities and mortalities. Recommendation: A repeal and re-enactment of the existing abortion law should be done. The new law should consider pregnant women's mental or emotional health, especially women who are victims of incest or rape. Such women should be allowed to have access to abortion. The law should also be devoid of third-party authorizations for minors and married women. In other words, the new law should exclude discrimination on the grounds of age and marriage.

Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to reduce symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in adolescent victims of incest

Threats of sexual violence can occur anywhere, including in the family environment. The subject of this study was a fifteen-year-old adolescent girl diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder following an act of incest by her stepfather. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy to reduce symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in the subject. The study used the single case-single subject A-B-A design. The intervention was trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy administered over 12 sessions. Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder were measured using the Child Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Scale (CPSS). Changes in the CPSS scores in the intervention and post-intervention processes showed that the post-traumatic stress disorder score changed from the moderate to the mild category. The decrease in the score was also evidenced by the results of the different pre-intervention, intervention, and post-intervention CPSS scores using Mann-Whitney nonparametric analysis. The study has implications for applying trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy to reduce symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in adolescent girls who have been victims of incest.

RETROSPECTIVE EVALUATION OF SEXUAL ABUSE CASES APPLIED TO DİCLE UNIVERSITY FORENSIC MEDICINE DEPARTMENT

Sexual abuse is a global public health problem that causes many medical, legal, social and economic problems in the short and long term. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the sociodemographic characteristics and variables of our sexual abuse cases with the literature data. We retrospectively analyzed 175 cases who applied to our department for sexual abuse between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2018. It was determined that 143 of 175 cases were found under the age of 18. 91,4% of the cases in our study were female and 8,6% were male. It has been observed that victims are frequently abused by people they know. It was found that 17 of the cases were abused by their family members. It was observed that most of those who denied the incident were victims of incest. When the education status of the victims during the incident is examined; 60 (34.3%) cases were found to be at primary school level, 19 (10.9%) cases were found to be at secondary school level, 11 (6.3%) cases were found to be at high school level; It was determined that 78 of all cases (44.6%) still continue their education and 22 cases (12.6%) quit their education. Lesions were detected in the sexual examination of 45(25,7%) of 175 cases; 39 (22,3%) of these cases had acute lesions and 6 (3,4%) of these cases had chronic lesions. Pregnancy occurred in 4 of the victims. Suicide attempts of 8 (4,6%) cases were determined. As a result, sexual abuse is a problem that requires a multi-faceted approach. Common centers should be established to raise the awareness of the society, to prevent sexual abuse, and to support the victims psychologically and socially. Procedural challenges should be reduced, media support should be obtained, and primary protection activities should be organized.

EVALUATION OF THE INCEST CASES WHO APPLIED TO MERSİN UNIVERSITY MEDICAL FACULTY DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE IN 2019

Incest relationship, which has many different definitions, is a form of sexual abuse that is more difficult to manifest and its effects on the victim are much more severe. In our study, it was aimed to develop solutions by evaluating the sociodemographic and forensic medical characteristics of the incest victims who were sent to Mersin University Forensic Medicine Department. Method: The forensic investigation documents and medical reports of 34 incest cases that were sent to us for forensic reports with the allegation of sexual assault between January 2019 and January 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Findings: It was found that most of the cases (85.3%, n: 29) were women, average age being 15.41, with the majority (41.2%, n: 14) between the ages of 6-12. It was observed that in 44.1% of the cases (n: 15) the defendant was the victim's biological father, in 47.1% (n: 16) of the cases the incident took place in the shared house where the victim and the defendant lived. In 32.4% of the cases (n: 11), the incident was reported by school counselors, the person to whom the victim told the event first was most frequently their mother (35.3%, n: 12). In 70.6% of the cases (n: 24), the first person to whom the victim told the incident supported the forensic reporting process. Biological evidence was detected in 8.8% (n: 3) of the cases, the victim's mental health deteriorated in 61.8% (n: 21) of the cases, most common psychopathology being Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (41.2%, n: 14). Conclusion: Our study reveals the importance of schools, where children can communicate with others, in the emergence of incest. On that account, it should be ensured that children continue their education and benefit from guidance services. All teachers, especially counselors, should be made aware on the matter of sexual abuse of children. In addition, "systematic sexual education" for children should be included in the curriculum. Since incest cases are mostly reported late, more often than not biological evidence cannot be obtained. The occurrence of psychopathology in most of the victims shows the importance of mental evaluation. In addition, it should be ensured that all procedures, including clinical treatment, are carried out in centers where multidisciplinary approach can be provided, to prevent secondary suffering due to reinterrogations and examinations of the victim in the judicial process.

Teenagers’ Decision Making About Abortion As An Action To Terminate Unwanted Pregnancy

Unwanted pregnancy and pregnancy termination generally occurs in adolescents who want to prevent or delay childbirth and have limited access to contraception. Women and girls have unmet contraceptive needs, so that unwanted pregnancies and unsafe abortions are considered normal. The latest data states that 7% of girls aged 15 to 19 will become pregnant and 2% of girls in this age group will have an abortion. Decision making for women before carrying out intentional abortions is influenced by several factors including individual level factors namely marital status, education level, economic independence and whether the woman is a victim of rape or incest. Interpersonal factors such as parent and partner support are also found as influences in decision making, because they have social determinants such as religion and social stigma and norms that exist. The aim of this study was to find out how adolescents make decisions about abortion as an end to unwanted pregnancies.

Incest in Contemporary Literature

Incest in Contemporary Literature

Étude d’un cas clinique : parentification et inceste. Léa, petite maman avant l’heure

Resume Nous presentons le cas clinique d’une jeune fille de 22 ans hospitalisee sous contrainte dans notre service de psychiatrie de secteur, suite a des evenements traumatiques : deni de grossesse et accouchement au domicile dans un contexte d’inceste pere-fille. A partir du cas clinique de cette jeune fille, victime d’inceste, nous essayons de mettre en evidence comment le processus de parentification s’articule avec l’inceste subi. L’inceste semble en lien avec la parentification de Lea, qui prend en charge ses parents tres fragiles, en apercevant tres precocement leurs troubles psychiques, troubles diagnostiques plus tard par des expertises psychiatriques : trouble grave de la personnalite, versant personnalite narcissique chez la mere et une pathologie psychotique paranoiaque chez son pere. Dans une perspective intergenerationnelle, Lea apparait comme la femme de son pere, la mere de ses freres et sœurs et une mere ou une grande sœur pour sa propre mere. L’histoire de Lea evoque les liens d’une emprise extreme des parents sur leurs enfants et l’enfermement d’une famille sur elle-meme, un univers ou l’intimite, l’intime n’existent pas, ou tout se partage, ou les places sont interchangeables, dans les chambres, dans les lits, fonctionnement soutenant le fantasme d’une famille ou les frontieres entre les generations n’existent pas. La longue prise en charge dans un service intra-hospitalier psychiatrique a pu constituer pour Lea un premier lieu d’ecoute, qui lui a permis de sortir de son enfermement, d’avoir d’autres modeles identificatoires et de decouvrir d’autres manieres possibles de fonctionner.

Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Korban Hubungan Seksual Sedarah (Studi Pada Unit Perlindungan Perempuan Dan Anak SATReskrim Polrestabes Medan)

This research is a normative juridical study supported by empirical juridical research. This research is analytical descriptive, that is, describing an object or event without an intention to draw conclusions that are generally accepted. The data source of this research consists of primary data and secondary data, in the form of primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The analysis used in this study is qualitative data analysis. Based on the research results obtained, the regulation of incest in a variety of laws currently in force still emphasizes the form of incest committed by a child. Whereas incest is based on the agreement of both parties for those who are adults has not been specifically regulated. The role of the Satreskrim Polrestabes Medan women's and child protection unit in providing legal protection for victims of incest, by seeking the rights of victims. Obstacles to the Protection Unit of Women and Children of the Satreskrim Medan District Police in terms of legal handling of incest in the case of sexual intercourse in the absence of synergic relations between the existing institutions.

Modernity, Mass Culture, and Self-Delusion in Nabokov’s Lolita and Martin Amis’ Money

Vladimir Nabokov’s Lolita (1955) and Martin Amis’ Money (1984) discuss the disadvantages of mass media. Amis uses John Self to reflect the disintegration of the self in the modern, Capitalist society of England in 1980s. Self represents the failure of the postmodern world by portraying a dystopian society. Amis and Nabokov tackle subjects pertaining to money, incest, delusion, and disappointment. Lights are shed on the moral aspect of the characters. The modernity of Amis’ fiction lies in its double deception of its characters; there is the American motif and a character who is not able to resist the magic of such motif. It is about consumerism or how aspects of post modernity and the consumer culture are portrayed. This paper aims to show the impact of mass media on the characters who are self-deluded and indulged in loving money, advertisements, and sex. It also aims at showing duality and corruption in both texts, John Self is bankrupt and wants to commit suicide. Humbert cheats many and is imprisoned and Lolita dies. Lolita becomes the victim of incest. It is an attempt to urge human beings to refuse cultural divisions and encourage human spirituality instead of Materialistic point of view.

Suicidal Ideation in Victims of Sexual Abuse in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

This study focuses on suicidal ideation in victims of sexual abuse. Drawing upon semi-structured interviews of thirty victims of sexual abuse in Khyber Pukhtunkhwah, Pakistan, this paper discusses the theme, i.e. domestic violence, including indiscriminate sexual abuse and the abhorring crime of incest, which remains hidden due to aggressively upheld patriarchal norms of women exploitation. The interviews conducted at six different locations, present women's narratives of their untold plight for the first time. The findings of this research show that among the respondents, only those women had strong suicidal ideations who were the victims of incest. Irritation, aggression and self-deprecating behaviour were strong symptoms of their suicidal temptations. Pain, physical and emotional, caused by overwhelming stress in the form of familial and social hatred, social disconnectedness, burdensomeness and the previous history of violence were the main factors that highly escalated their risk factor in committing suicide

Voices of adolescent incest victims: A qualitative study on feelings about trauma and expectations of recovery

BackgroundIncest, is a serious social problem facing society and children/adolescents themselves. The purpose of this study is to explore the ways adolescents talk about and give meaning to their experiences of incest concerning cultural, ethnic factors relevant to southeastern of Turkey. MethodWe focused on in-depth interviews of five incest victims (14–16 years girls, from low socioeconomic status in southeastern of Turkey). ResultsFour key themes were constructed from the qualitative analysis:1. Unable to understand/Delayed meaning-making: Adolescents provided definitive information about the first abuse memory but they were also unable to understand what they had experienced so they delayed meaning making.2. Dysfunctional coping style with the incest: Adolescents told that they threatened the perpetrators in various phases of incest.3. Avoidance of eye contact by the perpetrator: We recognized that perpetrators avoided social contact with the victim. This theme evokes dehumanizing of women during incest.4. The urge to destroy happy memories: This theme presents data on the adolescents' expectations about recovery. ConclusionAccording to the themes, two fundamental therapeutic precepts could guide the treatment process for adolescent girl incest survivors: 1. Exploration of the delayed meaning making: Therapist could address dysfunctional family functioning and explain that it is normal for a child to be delayed in meaning making. 2. Recovery of the adolescent's lost self after semantic dehumanization in abuses: Therapist should help her to dispute irrational beliefs about worthlessness and to gain control of her body.

Legal Protection of Incest Victims Who Have an Abortion

Introduction to The Problem: Rape crime is a kind of violence against women in male sexual interests which show the position of vulnerable women. This gender-based violence is often caused by inequalities power in society or family. The annual report 2017 by the National Commission on Violence Against Women from sexual violence in private/personal sector, incest were the most reported cases as much as 1.210 cases. The incest case eventually spread to other criminal cases, for example, forced abortion by his family or the surrounding environment. The most detrimental impact of rape is pregnancy. Many rape victims can not bear the shame and disgrace; therefore, they prefer to stop their pregnancy or abortion even though abortion is illegal in Indonesia. That’s why legal protection of rape victim is needed, especially when the victim has an abortion. Purpose/Objective Study: This research aims to re-reflect the legality of abortion laws which regulated in Indonesian law. Furthermore, this research also reviewing legal protection for incest rape victims who are forced to have an abortion. Design/Methodology/Approach: This research is using a qualitative method with a normative judicial approach. The approach is carried out by examining library materials or secondary data as a basis for review, such as regulations and literature relating to the problem. The data is parsed in a descriptive narrative structured and coherent explanation. Findings: The rules regarding abortion in Indonesia are various, starting from those that are fully prohibited, to regulations which stated the exceptions. The rules are stated in the Criminal Code which fully prohibits abortion. While another rules legalizes the abortion for certain exceptions. Through these laws and regulations, Indonesia became a country which on the one hand absolutely prohibited abortion and on the other hand allowed abortion only for three cases, there are protecting the lives of mother, protecting fetus, and victim of rape. Abortion due to incest rape needs to be given forgiveness for the condition of the victim in charging the penalty. The psychological impact is more severe when keeping the baby because if the victim sees and raises the baby in a state of being unprepared and depressed it has bad consequences for the baby and the mother. When the victim sees the baby it will cause trauma, remembering the incident, thus will not treat the baby well and the baby’s growth and development will not good either. Paper Type: Research Article

Self-help groups and incest trauma

The aim of this study is to assess the effects of a self-help group on the discourse of incest victims. Sharing a traumatic experience and talking about its main consequences with other participants provides victims with a safe space encouraging verbalization and psychical working out. This research was conducted at Marseille in France, in collaboration with the international association for incest victims. Data were collected during the monthly self-help groups. We compared the evolution of the participants’ discourse between September 2015 and June 2016. A semantic analysis was conducted using Tropes and Emotaix software. Through support, listening and a feeling of belonging, self-help groups create an environment of trust and security that encourages sharing processes and working out processes by offering a safe environment for talking and listening. Self-help groups also provide additional support to conventional, individual therapies where victims can talk about their traumatic experience.

Evaluation of Incest Cases: 4-Years Retrospective Study

ABSTRACTIncest is specific type of sexual abuse. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sociodemographic data and examination findings of cases referred to our hospital as forensic court cases of incest, and to measure the effect on mental health disorders of the nature of the sexual abuse. Retrospective examination was made of the records of 40 cases of incest victims. Evaluation was made of the age, gender, incident suffered, the perpetrator, form of abuse, examination findings, and mental status. The cases comprised 36 girls and 4 boys. Without penetration sexual abuse was determined in 25 cases and with penetration sexual abuse in 15 cases. At least one mental health disorder was determined in 20 of the cases of simple sexual abuse and in 11 of the major sexual abuse type cases. The most frequently seen mental health disorder was post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in 21 cases. Mental health disorders were determined in 77.5% of the incest cases in this study, at a greater rate 80% in cases of “without penetration sexual abuse” than in cases of “with penetration sexual abuse” 74.33%. Therefore, all cases of incest must be followed up carefully without differentiation of without or with penetration abuse.

Incestuous abuse of Indonesian girls: An exploratory study of media coverage

This study examines the incestuous relationship cases in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to find out the profile of the perpetrators and victims of incest, the incest relationship that occurred and the responses from the families to the known incestuous relationship in Indonesia. Data were obtained from 137 cases of incest for seven years (2010–2017) reported by a media outlet in Indonesia as well as from in-depth interviews with 14 informants in four cities in East Java, Indonesia, namely Kediri, Nganjuk, Gresik, and Surabaya. The main finding of this study is that most incest victims in Indonesia were young women aged 10–17 years (75%) and most incest perpetrators are their biological fathers or stepfathers (77%) who are on average >50 years old (31%). The cases of incest in this study mostly lasted in more than three years (28%), and experienced by poor (49%) and low educated families (31%). In addition, most cases of incest in Indonesia are known to the perpetrators' wives (9%) and the perpetrators' wives were also the most party who report the incest cases to the legal authorities (63%). The results of this study highlight the need for close attention to the incestuous relationship cases in Indonesia which might affects many young women and underage girls as the victims. The efforts to make policies and programs to prevent sexual violence in the family, by the government and non-government agencies, should take into account the conditions of the incest victims as well as the driving factors for the incest cases that take place in Indonesia.

Unveiling the Experiences through Feeling in Undergoing Spiritual Hypnotherapy with Islamic Approach (SPHIA) for Female Children Victim of Incest

Spiritual hypnosis is one of the specific treatment techniques in hypnosis, with the additional spiritual component. Spiritual interpretation suggested during hypnotic trance, and the reframing of symptoms to emphasize their spiritual meaning. Reframing must be in accordance with the client’s belief system in order to be accepted and for a change to take place. The study objective is to explore on what the informants experienced through listening when they are experiencing the Islamic spiritual hypnotherapy approach. A qualitative study using phenomenological research design was used to unveil the experiences of feeling with six female children who had histories of incest using spiritual hypnotherapy with Islamic approach. The individual stories of hypnotherapy experiences were collected through in depth interviews. Ethical issues were addressed. Spiritual Hypnotherapy with Islamic Approach (SPHIA), few elements that inserted in the hypnotherapy scripts are Dua, Azan, Dhikr, Surah Recitation and Salat. The script’s content has been validated by Islamic authorities in Malaysia. In the findings, the informants experiencing calmness, serenity and gratefulness during the process of hypnotherapy. Integrating Islamic Spiritual elements in hypnotherapy can help individual who lost and need help.

청소년의 친족성폭력 경험에 대한 질적 연구

청소년의 친족성폭력 경험에 대한 질적 연구