Vice Chair Research Articles

The Legal Information Sector: Designing and Delivering a Postgraduate LIS Module

AbstractLast year Jake Hearn, Vice Chair of the LIM editorial board, created an elective module on the core components of and types of roles within the legal information profession, which was offered to postgraduate students at City, University of London, with the module being hosted at City, University of London and The Honourable Society of the Middle Temple. Here Jake gives the reasons for creating the module and tells us how it all came together and how it has progressed since then.

New USPSTF Breast Cancer Screening Recommendations: A Talk With Task Force Vice Chair Dr John Wong.

In this video article, Dr. John B. Wong, Vice Chair of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), discusses implications of the new USPSTF recommendation for biennial screening mammography for women 40-74 years old.

Preface

The 2023 Joint Cryogenic Engineering Conference (CEC) and International Cryogenic Materials Conference (ICMC) were held from July 9 through July 13 at the Hawaii Convention Center in Honolulu, Hawaii. As at past conferences, the international scope of these meetings was strongly maintained with 19 countries being represented by 555 attendees who gathered to enjoy the joint technical programs and industrial exhibits. In total, 213 papers were submitted for publication of which 207 are published in these conference proceedings.The program for the joint conferences included a total of 494 presentations organized into 110 sessions - plenary, oral and posters, as well as awards presentations. Five plenary talks gave interesting in-depth updates and overviews on exciting topics: Amanda Simpson (Airbus Americas) discussed the Airbus hydrogen aircraft development plans in “Airbus: A Discussion About the Use of Cryogenic Hydrogen for Aviation Propulsion”, An overview of the history and recent developments in high temperature superconductors was given by Paul C. W. Chu (University of Houston) in “From High-temperature Superconductivity to Room-temperature Superconductivity: From Ambient Pressure to Very High Pressure”, Suhas Bhandarkar (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory) presented an overview of Lawrence Livermore National Lab’s net positive energy fusion demonstration and the detailed development and operations of the hydrogen fuel in “Overview of the Fabrication of Cryogenic Hydrogen Fuel Ice Layer for Nuclear Fusion Ignition Experiments”, an overview of the developments ongoing at Robinson Research Institute for the development of electric aircraft was given by Rodney Badcock (Robinson Research Institute) in “Electric Aircraft: Solving the Key Materials and Engineering Challenges to Manufacture a Complete Electrical Propulsion System”, and a discussion on the cryogenic requirements and needs for the development of quantum computers was given by Nicholas Masluk (IBM) in “Cryogenic Infrastructure for 400 Qubits and Beyond”. The attendees also convened for two special Joint CEC-ICMC sessions organized: i) Liquid Hydrogen for Large-Scale Vehicles and ii) Superconducting Quantum Systems. Special sessions, two of them with panel discussions, were included in the programming emphasizing high-quality invited talks on seven different topics: Electromechanical Behaviors of HTS Coated Conductors for Applications, Topological Materials for Electronics, High Strength Materials, High Field Superconducting Materials for Accelerator Magnets, Low Temperature Materials Database A - Superconductors, Low Temperature Materials Database B - Functional & Structural Materials, Cryogenic Clean Energy and Mobility, and Orbital Flight Demonstrations of Cryogenic Fluid Management. A large Transportation Symposium consisting of 5 sessions and 26 talks with topics ranging from government funding perspectives, power electronics, cables, motors, and generators to system level studies was also held at CEC/ICMC’23. Contributed papers covered a wide range of topics including many aspects and advances in cryogenics and superconductors, along with their applications.Both CEC and ICMC boards are encouraging student participation, education, and career growth. It was very exciting and rewarding to have 77 students register for the conference this year. And 36 of the students received sponsorship of the registration fees. The strong session attendance was exciting and very positive and made the conference a more rewarding experience for the presenters and attendees.The CEC/ICMC Cryo Industrial Expo displayed the products and services of 31 industrial exhibitors and provided a congenial venue for a reception and refreshments throughout the week as well as for the conference poster sessions.Conference Chairs for 2023 were Wesley Johnson from the NASA Glenn Research Center for CEC and Sonja Schlachter from the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology for ICMC. The CEC Program Chair was Jacob Leachman from the Washington State University with CEC Program Vice Chair, Ram Dhuley, from the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory and the ICMC Program co-chairs were Klaus-Peter Weiss from the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and Judy Wu from the University of Kansas. The Exhibit Chair was Austin Capers of Scientific Instruments, Inc. who also served as Publicity and Sponsorship Chair. Finally, the Awards Chairs were Peter Kittel, Consultant, for CEC and Eric Hellstrom from the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory at Florida State University for ICMC. Michael Sumption, ICMC Board President and Peter Bradley, CEC Board President greatly participated in the conference development as part of the leadership team.

Preface

The 2023 Joint Cryogenic Engineering Conference (CEC) and International Cryogenic Materials Conference (ICMC) were held from July 9 through July 13 at the Hawaii Convention Center in Honolulu, Hawaii. As at past conferences, the international scope of these meetings was strongly maintained with 19 countries being represented by 555 attendees who gathered to enjoy the joint technical programs and industrial exhibits. In total, 213 papers were submitted for publication of which 207 are published in these conference proceedings.The program for the joint conferences included a total of 494 presentations organized into 110 sessions - plenary, oral and posters, as well as awards presentations. Five plenary talks gave interesting in-depth updates and overviews on exciting topics: Amanda Simpson (Airbus Americas) discussed the Airbus hydrogen aircraft development plans in “Airbus: A Discussion About the Use of Cryogenic Hydrogen for Aviation Propulsion”, An overview of the history and recent developments in high temperature superconductors was given by Paul C. W. Chu (University of Houston) in “From High-temperature Superconductivity to Room-temperature Superconductivity: From Ambient Pressure to Very High Pressure”, Suhas Bhandarkar (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory) presented an overview of Lawrence Livermore National Lab’s net positive energy fusion demonstration and the detailed development and operations of the hydrogen fuel in “Overview of the Fabrication of Cryogenic Hydrogen Fuel Ice Layer for Nuclear Fusion Ignition Experiments”, an overview of the developments ongoing at Robinson Research Institute for the development of electric aircraft was given by Rodney Badcock (Robinson Research Institute) in “Electric Aircraft: Solving the Key Materials and Engineering Challenges to Manufacture a Complete Electrical Propulsion System”, and a discussion on the cryogenic requirements and needs for the development of quantum computers was given by Nicholas Masluk (IBM) in “Cryogenic Infrastructure for 400 Qubits and Beyond”. The attendees also convened for two special Joint CEC-ICMC sessions organized: i) Liquid Hydrogen for Large-Scale Vehicles and ii) Superconducting Quantum Systems. Special sessions, two of them with panel discussions, were included in the programming emphasizing high-quality invited talks on seven different topics: Electromechanical Behaviors of HTS Coated Conductors for Applications, Topological Materials for Electronics, High Strength Materials, High Field Superconducting Materials for Accelerator Magnets, Low Temperature Materials Database A - Superconductors, Low Temperature Materials Database B - Functional & Structural Materials, Cryogenic Clean Energy and Mobility, and Orbital Flight Demonstrations of Cryogenic Fluid Management. A large Transportation Symposium consisting of 5 sessions and 26 talks with topics ranging from government funding perspectives, power electronics, cables, motors, and generators to system level studies was also held at CEC/ICMC’23. Contributed papers covered a wide range of topics including many aspects and advances in cryogenics and superconductors, along with their applications.Both CEC and ICMC boards are encouraging student participation, education, and career growth. It was very exciting and rewarding to have 77 students register for the conference this year. And 36 of the students received sponsorship of the registration fees. The strong session attendance was exciting and very positive and made the conference a more rewarding experience for the presenters and attendees.The CEC/ICMC Cryo Industrial Expo displayed the products and services of 31 industrial exhibitors and provided a congenial venue for a reception and refreshments throughout the week as well as for the conference poster sessions.Conference Chairs for 2023 were Wesley Johnson from the NASA Glenn Research Center for CEC and Sonja Schlachter from the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology for ICMC. The CEC Program Chair was Jacob Leachman from the Washington State University with CEC Program Vice Chair, Ram Dhuley, from the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory and the ICMC Program co-chairs were Klaus-Peter Weiss from the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and Judy Wu from the University of Kansas. The Exhibit Chair was Austin Capers of Scientific Instruments, Inc. who also served as Publicity and Sponsorship Chair. Finally, the Awards Chairs were Peter Kittel, Consultant, for CEC and Eric Hellstrom from the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory at Florida State University for ICMC. Michael Sumption, ICMC Board President and Peter Bradley, CEC Board President greatly participated in the conference development as part of the leadership team.

Women in leadership matters: Achieving diversity in radiology residency recruitment

Rationale and objectivesTo assess whether academic radiology departments and residency programs with efforts toward supporting and augmenting Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) are associated with a higher proportion of residents from diverse backgrounds. Materials and methodsProgram Directors within the Radiology Residency Education Research Alliance were surveyed to gather information about program characteristics, incorporation of diversity in resident recruitment, the sponsoring department's commitment to efforts at expanding diversity, and a summary of their current and past residents, staff and faculty members (academic years 2020 and 2023) with respect to a list of diversity characteristics. ResultsSurvey response rate was 51 %. Sixty-three percent (15/24) of participating programs have departmental committees dedicated to DEI work; 46 % (11/24) of programs' departments have a Vice Chair for DEI. Sixty percent (15/24) of programs use their social media accounts to advertise their DEI programming efforts. Ninety-six percent (23/24) of programs participating in the survey use diversity factors to select candidates for their program. Women Leadership was associated with above-median diversity of residents and faculty. ConclusionThis study of radiology residency programs encourages a more prominent role for women in leadership positions within academic radiology departments to drive diversity and inclusion efforts.

Yogesh Dwivedi: Pre-clinical and translational research focusing on gene regulation through epigenetic and epitranscriptomic mechanisms and their implications in mood disorders and suicidal behavior

Dr. Yogesh Dwivedi is the Elesabeth Ridgely Shook Endowed Chair and Professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB). He joined UAB in 2013 after working at the University of Illinois at Chicago for about 20 years, where he rose to tenured Professor. He is the Vice Chair for Faculty Affairs and Faculty Development, Co-Director of the UAB Depression and Suicide Center, Director of Translational Research of the UAB Mood Disorder Program, and the Director of the Alabama Brain Bank. He has published over 160 papers in peer-reviewed journals and serves on the editorial board of several scientific journals. He leads multiple National Institute of Mental Health-funded studies and has also edited a book entitled The Neurobiological Basis of Suicide. The recipient of several national and international awards, Dr. Dwivedi is a member of the Scientific Council of the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention and a Fellow of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ACNP), International College of Neuropsychopharmacology (CINP), and International Neuropsychiatric Association. His research broadly elucidates the molecular and cellular mechanisms associated with early-life stress, mood disorders, and suicidal behavior by integrating basic and clinical neuroscience. More specifically, his studies focus on gene regulation through epigenetic, epitranscriptomic, and non-coding RNAs and whether these mechanisms play a role in mood regulation and suicidal behavior. He is also working on translating these findings into biomarkers for depression, suicidality, and treatment response. Dr. Yogesh Dwivedi kindly agreed to engage in the Genomic Press Interview, sharing his distinctive blend of personal and professional narratives.

Preface

Disaster Research Center Universitas Sebelas Maret successfully held the 2nd International Conference on Disaster Management and Climate Change 2023 (ICoDMC 2023) via the online Zoom system on August 12 2023. ICoDMC 2023 aims to disseminate research results and various ideas regarding controlling environmental damage and disaster management for a better life and provide input to the government and other policy-making institutions in the environment and disaster management field. The theme for 2023 is Climate Changes and Hydrometeorological Disaster Mitigation.ICoDMC 2023 invites great speakers who are highly competent in natural disasters and disaster environments, and they are Prof. Ir. Dwikorita Karnawati, M.Sc. PhD (Head of the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency), Prof. Christopher Andre Gomez (Department of Maritime Sciences, Kobe University, Japan), Ahmad Marzuki, S.Sc. Ph.D (Sebelas Maret University, Indonesia), Prof. Dr. Martin Coy (Institut Für Geographie, Universität Innsbruck, Austria), and Dr. Annisa Triyanti (Utrecht University, Netherlands).The topic of this seminar is Climate Changes and Ecology, Disaster Mitigation, Disaster Risk Reduction, Environmental Risk Assessment Infrastructure for Disaster, Natural Resources, Natural and Non-Natural Disaster, Oceanography and Coastal Problems, Water and Hydrology, and Spatial Planning for Disaster. There were 198 articles submitted according to the topic above, and after selection, selected 135 articles were presented and submitted to the IOP-EES Proceedings. The article’s authors include lecturers, practitioners, teachers, and students. Two hundred twenty-six participants joined the seminar.Thank you to all speakers, authors and participants. See you at the third ICoDMC.RegardsProf. Dr. Chatarina Muryani, M.SiChairman of the committee Committee 2nd International Conference on Disaster Management and Climate Changes (ICoDMC 2023) List of Steering Committee, Conference Chair, Conference Vice Chair, Secretary, Editor are available in this pdf.

AOA Critical Issues: The Status of the Vice Chair Position in Orthopaedic Surgery Departments in 2023.

The vice chair position in orthopaedic surgery departments has become increasingly prevalent over the last 10 years. Prior to this development, there were few, if any, vice chairs to support the chairperson position. The vice chair role has increased in importance as a result of increasing practice size and the increasing complexity of the health-care environment. The goal of this review was to summarize the current status of the vice chair position within orthopaedic surgery departments and to share the variety of vice chair roles that exist today.

Editorial

On behalf of the Geotechnical Testing Journal (GTJ) and ASTM International, I’m writing to thank Dr. Majdi Othman for his outstanding service as a GTJ Co-Editor-in-Chief and to welcome Dr. Kenneth Bell as he transitions into this role starting in January 2024. Majdi received a BS in Civil Engineering from Kuwait University in 1987 and MS and PhD degrees from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1989 and 1992, respectively. Majdi is a senior principal engineer with Geosyntec Consultants and is a registered professional engineer with extensive experience in geotechnical, environmental, and civil engineering projects. His work focuses on waste disposal facility siting; design, permitting, and construction; hydrogeological investigations and groundwater impact analysis; remediation of contaminated sites; and renewable energy projects. Majdi has published his work widely and has previously served as editor of Geotechnical News. Majdi served two terms as Co-Editor for a total of 6 years, from January 2018 through January 2024. He provided exceptional leadership in the management of GTJ in attaining and maintaining the high standards of the journal, including increasing the impact factor, timely processing of manuscripts, and overall respectful and conscientious advocacy for authors, reviewers, editorial board members, and ASTM International and GTJ staff. Majdi’s outstanding contributions and service are greatly appreciated and acknowledged. In line with the unique tradition of having Co-Editors representing both academia and industry, Dr. Kenneth R. Bell will begin his first term as a GTJ Co-Editor in January 2024. Dr. Bell has more than four decades of experience in geotechnical engineering in support of engineering design and construction on projects worldwide across all of Bechtel’s Global Business Units (GBUs). He was elected as a Bechtel Distinguished Engineer in 2010 and then elected as a Bechtel Fellow in 2011. His fields of experience include nuclear, fossil, and hydropower plant projects; mining projects; liquefied natural gas (LNG) facilities; and large civil infrastructure projects. Dr. Bell’s project experience includes overseas assignments in Hong Kong on a rail project, New Caledonia on mining project, and Trinidad on an LNG project. Dr. Bell retired as a full-time employee from Bechtel on July 29, 2018, and between 2018 and 2021, he participated in several short-term assignments. In November 2021, Dr. Bell returned to Bechtel as a full-time employee supporting Bechtel’s Energy Business Line working on several LNG projects around the world, which includes Pluto LNG in Australia and several projects on the Gulf Coast. Dr. Bell has been active with ASTM since 1987 when he joined Committee D18. He has served as 1st Vice Chair of Committee D18 and Chair of the Committee on Technical Committee Operations, and he has also Chaired two Subcommittees, D18.02 on Field Testing and D18.11 on Deep Foundations. He received the A. Ivan Johnson Outstanding Achievement Award from Committee D18 in 2021, an Award of Merit in 2014, and the Woodland G. Shockley Memorial Award from Committee D18 in 2011. In closing, I would like to thank Majdi for all his efforts and welcome Ken in his new role. Also, I would like to thank all authors for selecting the Geotechnical Testing Journal for publication of their manuscripts and the ASTM International staff, our outstanding editorial board members, and the numerous peer reviewers for their time, effort, and service to GTJ. I look forward to continued success of GTJ in collaboration with all stakeholders. Sincerely, Nazli Yesiller, PhD Director, Global Waste Research Institute-California Polytechnic State University Co-Editor, Geotechnical Testing Journal

Geoscientists Around the Globe

Coordinated by members of SEG's Justice, Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (JEDI) Committee, Geoscientists Around the Globe features geoscientists from technically, geographically, and culturally diverse backgrounds. In this installment, JEDI Committee Vice Chair Eileen Martin interviews Yunyue Elita Li, associate professor of earth and planetary sciences and (by courtesy) mathematics at Purdue University.

Characterizing the Role of Surgical Vice Chair of Education: Stakeholder Needs and Current Practices

IntroductionThe role of a Department of Surgery (DoS) Vice Chair of Education (VCE) is a relatively new position intended to address the many changes and initiatives in medical education. The primary responsibilities and functions of a surgical VCE are not well described in the literature. This study examines the perceptions of stakeholders and current VCEs to develop a newly established position of VCE within an academic DoS. MethodsWe conducted semistructured interviews of 13 faculties in our DoS. Each of these faculties hold the role of fellowship or residency program director. We also interviewed 13 VCEs from other departments within the same hospital system. Transcripts of these interviews were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis, comparing the data gathered from the two populations. ResultsThere was a consensus of positivity about the new VCE position by the stakeholders with some residual uncertainty about how it would affect their work. Four themes resulted from analysis of stakeholder interviews including advocacy for education, balance of clinical, research, and educational duties, departmental integration, and faculty development as educators. Three themes were generated from analysis of interviews of VCEs including leverage of experience, framework establishment, and leadership in education. ConclusionsAlthough exact VCE roles and responsibilities will be department dependent, this study may help other institutions craft their VCE positions and create a framework for understanding important stakeholder views.

Why Radiology Departments Should Have a Vice Chair for Patient Experience

Why Radiology Departments Should Have a Vice Chair for Patient Experience

Taking Our Pulse: Examining 5 Years of Data from the Association of Pediatric Program Directors Research and Scholarship Learning Community

BackgroundThe Association of Pediatric Program Directors Research and Scholarship Learning Community (RSLC) prioritizes and comprehensively reviews medical education surveys directed to residency program leadership. Each survey is reviewed by two members of RSLC and the Chair and Vice Chair using a standardized scoring rubric and a limited number of surveys are accepted per cycle. MethodsInternal review data from 2015 to 2020 were analyzed to determine factors associated with survey acceptance, and for surveys accepted for distribution, determine factors associated with response rates or dissemination status. One-Way analysis of variance (ANOVA) assessed differences in evaluation scores by initial determination status. T-tests and Pearson Product Correlation assessed associations between evaluation scores and response rates by dissemination status. ResultsThe majority (47/81; 58%) of surveys submitted to RSLC are eventually accepted for distribution. Response rates for distributed surveys varied between 14% and 73%. Most (35/47; 74%) surveys distributed through RSLC are presented (62%) and/or published (60%). Higher review scores were associated with acceptance for distribution but not with response rates or dissemination status. ConclusionMost surveys are eventually accepted by RSLC for distribution and those distributed often get published or presented despite variability in response rates.

Implementing Climate Preparedness

Abstract John Booth, Vice Chair of the BCS Green IT Specialist Group, looks at sustainable IT and explores the systems and team configurations that can help us survive climate events.

Letter to the Membership

It is my pleasure to introduce myself and the new members of the SIGWEB Executive Board. After having served four years as a Vice Chair for SIGWEB, I am now in charge as Chair since 1 July. I will be supported by Irwin King (The Chinese University of Hong Kong) as Vice Chair and Alexandra Bonnici (L-Università ta' Malta) as Treasurer, as well as by the former Chair, Peter Brusilovsky, and - last but not least - the many excellent members of the SIGWEB Executive Committee 1 . In this letter, I will give you an overview of the current state of SIGWEB and its conferences, and which directions the SIGWEB community envisions and explores.

The Journal of Urology® Home Study Course 2023 Volume 209/210.

The Journal of Urology® Home Study Course 2023 Volume 209/210.

Editorial introductions.

Editorial introductions.

Editorial introductions.

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology was launched in 1990. It is one of a successful series of review journals whose unique format is designed to provide a systematic and critical assessment of the literature as presented in the many primary journals. The field of Ophthalmology is divided into nine sections that are reviewed once a year. Each section is assigned a Section Editor, a leading authority in the area, who identifies the most important topics at that time. Here we are pleased to introduce the Journal's Section Editors for this issue. SECTION EDITORS Jimmy K. LeeJimmy K. LeeDr Jimmy Lee specializes in laser vision correction surgery. His surgical expertise also includes complex cataract surgery, anterior segment reconstruction, all forms of corneal transplantation, and limbal stem cell transplantation. Dr Lee's research interests are new technologies in refractive surgery and improving surgical techniques for endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK and DMEK). A member of the American Academy of Ophthalmology and American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, he has extensively lectured nationally and internationally on these topics. A Phi Beta Kappa graduate from Johns Hopkins University, USA, Dr Lee obtained his medical degree from Cornell University Medical College, USA. Following his residency at Albert Einstein Montefiore Hospital, he completed a fellowship in cornea, external diseases, and refractive surgery at the Wilmer Eye Institute of The Johns Hopkins Hospital and is a Diplomate of the American Board of Ophthalmology. Shahzad I. MianShahzad I. MianShahzad I. Mian, M.D., is a professor of ophthalmology and visual sciences in the University of Michigan Medical School. He also serves the Department as Vice Chair for Clinical Sciences and Learning. Dr. Mian earned his medical degree in 1996 from the Emory University School of Medicine. He then completed a residency at the Wills Eye Hospital of Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia. From 2000-02, he was a fellow in cornea and refractive surgery at Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary. He joined the U-M faculty in 2002 and was promoted to associate professor with tenure in 2010. He became professor of ophthalmology and visual sciences in 2016. His research focuses on eye banking, keratoplasty techniques, and ocular graft versus host disease. He served as director of the residency training program between 2004 and 2019 and previously served as fellowship director in the department. In 2003 and 2012, he received the Bergstrom Teaching Award presented by ophthalmology residents. Dr. Mian received the 2007 Anthony Adamis Award for Outstanding Research from the U-M Kellogg Eye Center, and the Senior Achievement Award from the American Academy of Ophthalmology. He received the Straatsma Award for resident education from the Association of University Professors in Ophthalmology in 2017 and the Payton Award for Eye banking from the Eye Bank Association of America in 2019. He serves as the Senior Medical Director for Eversight Eye banks as well as on the Board of Directors. He also serves on the Board of Directors for the Cornea Society and the Eye Bank Association of America. He also serves on the Residency Review Committee for Ophthalmology.

SVB Failure: Causes and Results on Banking Industry

The paper aims to answer important questions about What is, How, and why Silicon Valley Bank (SVB) failed? Are other U.S. banks at risk? Is the SVB turmoil a repeat of the 2008 crisis? The results found that SVB was founded in 1983 as a bank specializing to enhance tech startups. It was the 16th largest U.S. bank, with around USD211 billion in assets and USD173 billion in deposits in 2022. Since 2021 SVB achieved a high accumulation of deposits. It invested heavily in long-dated T-Bonds and when the Fed raise interest rates as part of its monetary policy to fight inflation, the market values of SVB securities declined dramatically. Depositors began to rush to withdraw funds. SVB was forced to sell their T-bonds at a significant loss and failed to meet customers’ withdrawals and was exposed to a bank run on March 10. SVB fail because of mismanagement of liquidity and interest rate risk, ineffective board of directors, and the Fed’s unsuccessful to take forceful enough action. Although the U.S. President and the Vice Chair of the Fed System indicated that the banking system is still sound and far from repeating the 2008 crisis, Signature Bank and First Republic Bank failed. The paper recommends the regulators review the supervisory standards of banks, tech startups, and emerging markets. Moreover, obligation banks to activate the application of internal audit, bank governance, and stress testing, and issue appropriate decisions promptly. Policymakers must pay attention to how the economic sectors will respond to changes in policies applied.

SVB Failure: Causes and Results on Banking Industry

The paper aims to answer important questions about What is, How, and why Silicon Valley Bank (SVB) failed? Are other U.S. banks at risk? Is the SVB turmoil a repeat of the 2008 crisis? The results found that SVB was founded in 1983 as a bank specializing to enhance tech startups. It was the 16th largest U.S. bank, with around USD211 billion in assets and USD173 billion in deposits in 2022. Since 2021 SVB achieved a high accumulation of deposits. It invested heavily in long-dated T-Bonds and when the Fed raise interest rates as part of its monetary policy to fight inflation, the market values of SVB securities declined dramatically. Depositors began to rush to withdraw funds. SVB was forced to sell their T-bonds at a significant loss and failed to meet customers’ withdrawals and was exposed to a bank run on March 10. SVB fail because of mismanagement of liquidity and interest rate risk, ineffective board of directors, and the Fed’s unsuccessful to take forceful enough action. Although the U.S. President and the Vice Chair of the Fed System indicated that the banking system is still sound and far from repeating the 2008 crisis, Signature Bank and First Republic Bank failed. The paper recommends the regulators review the supervisory standards of banks, tech startups, and emerging markets. Moreover, obligation banks to activate the application of internal audit, bank governance, and stress testing, and issue appropriate decisions promptly. Policymakers must pay attention to how the economic sectors will respond to changes in policies applied.