Vestibulo-ocular Responses Research Articles

Influence of Alcoholic Beverages on the Vestibulo-Ocular Responses to Coriolis Stimulation

A pilot's spatial orientation may be compromised following an evening of drinking alcoholic beverages. Hangover effects induced a potentially hazardous condition for flying, in that skilled pilots showed a regression in their vestibular nystagmic responses to Coriolis accelerations.

Hereditary vertical nystagmus.

Vertical nystagmus most often signifies acquired disease, but occasionally it may be present without symptoms and without any obvious neurologic disorder, and very rarely it may be inherited. Three families with hereditary motor-type vertical (and horizontal) nystagmus and mild ataxia are described. Most of the affected individuals also showed absent optokinetic nystagmus and a hyperactive vestibulo-ocular response. Only two similar families have been reported previously.

Sequence of changes in properties of neurons of superior colliculus of the kitten during maturation.

Sequence of changes in properties of neurons of superior colliculus of the kitten during maturation.B E Stein, E Labos, and L KrugerB E Stein, E Labos, and L KrugerPublished Online:01 Jul 1973https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.1973.36.4.667MoreSectionsPDF (2 MB)Download PDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesGet permissionsTrack citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInWeChat Previous Back to Top Next Download PDF FiguresReferencesRelatedInformation Cited ByBody perception, awareness, and illusions13 August 2014 | Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, Vol. 5, No. 5Multisensory plasticity in adulthood: cross-modal experience enhances neuronal excitability and exposes silent inputsLiping Yu, Benjamin A. Rowland, Jinghong Xu, and Barry E. Stein15 January 2013 | Journal of Neurophysiology, Vol. 109, No. 2Development of Multisensory Convergence in the Xenopus Optic TectumKatherine E. Deeg, Irina B. Sears, and Carlos D. Aizenman1 December 2009 | Journal of Neurophysiology, Vol. 102, No. 6Visual Deprivation Alters the Development of Cortical Multisensory IntegrationBrian N. Carriere, David W. Royal, Thomas J. Perrault, Stephen P. Morrison, J. William Vaughan, Barry E. Stein, and Mark T. Wallace1 November 2007 | Journal of Neurophysiology, Vol. 98, No. 5Early Experience Determines How the Senses Will InteractMark T. Wallace, and Barry E. Stein1 January 2007 | Journal of Neurophysiology, Vol. 97, No. 1Multisensory Orientation Behavior Is Disrupted by Neonatal Cortical AblationWan Jiang, Huai Jiang, Benjamin A. Rowland, and Barry E. Stein1 January 2007 | Journal of Neurophysiology, Vol. 97, No. 1Neonatal Cortical Ablation Disrupts Multisensory Development in Superior ColliculusWan Jiang, Huai Jiang, and Barry E. Stein1 March 2006 | Journal of Neurophysiology, Vol. 95, No. 3Chapter 10 Nonvisual influences on visual-information processing in the superior colliculusOnset of Cross-Modal Synthesis in the Neonatal Superior Colliculus is Gated by the Development of Cortical InfluencesM. T. Wallace, and B. E. Stein1 June 2000 | Journal of Neurophysiology, Vol. 83, No. 6Visual Response Properties and Visuotopic Representation in the Newborn Monkey Superior ColliculusM. T. Wallace, J. G. McHaffie, and B. E. Stein1 November 1997 | Journal of Neurophysiology, Vol. 78, No. 5Postnatal development and specification of the cat's visual corticotectal projection: efferent from the posteromedial lateral suprasylvian areaDevelopmental Brain Research, Vol. 73, No. 1Functional development of the neonatal rat retinotectal pathwayDevelopmental Brain Research, Vol. 72, No. 2The postnatal emergence of a functional somatosensory representation in the superior colliculus of the mouseDevelopmental Brain Research, Vol. 60, No. 1Connections of the insular cortex in kittens: An anatomical demonstration with wheatgerm agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase techniqueInternational Journal of Developmental Neuroscience, Vol. 9, No. 5Effects of altered visual input upon the development of the visual and somatosensory representations in the hamster's superior colliculusNeuroscience, Vol. 20, No. 2Postnatal development of GABA- and glycine-mediated inhibition of feline retinal ganglion cells in the area centralisDevelopmental Brain Research, Vol. 23, No. 1The development of young infants' ability to detect stimuli in the nasal visual fieldVision Research, Vol. 25, No. 7Postnatal development of corticotectal neurons in the kitten striate cortex: An electrophysiological studyDevelopmental Brain Research, Vol. 11, No. 1Efferent projections of the neonatal superior colliculus: Extraoculomotor-related brain stem structuresBrain Research, Vol. 239, No. 1The development of the kitten's visual fieldVision Research, Vol. 22, No. 9Maturation of cortical control over superior colliculus cells in catBrain Research, Vol. 223, No. 2Afferent visual pathways and receptive field properties of superior colliculus neurons in stroboscopically reared catsNeuroscience Letters, Vol. 19, No. 3Development of vestibulo-ocular response in the kittenNeuroscience Letters, Vol. 12, No. 2-3Corticotectal and other corticofugal projections in neonatal catBrain Research, Vol. 161, No. 3Superior colliculus cells respond to noxious stimuliBrain Research, Vol. 158, No. 1Click-evoked response at the superior colliculus of the catExperimental Neurology, Vol. 62, No. 3Development of kitten hippocampal neuronsBrain Research, Vol. 134, No. 3Developmental Constraints of Motion Detection Mechanisms in the Kitten25 June 2016 | Perception, Vol. 6, No. 5Lack of recovery in collicular neurons from the effects of early deprivation or neonatal cortical lesion in the kittenBrain Research, Vol. 120, No. 2Physiological properties of retinal ganglion cells of 3-week-old kittensVision Research, Vol. 17, No. 2Effects of stroboscopic rearing on the binocularity and directionality of cat superior colliculus neuronsBrain Research, Vol. 101, No. 3Sensitivity to spatial frequency and contrast of visual cells in the cat superior colliculusVision Research, Vol. 16, No. 3Anatomical organization of retinotectal afferents in the cat: An autodiographic studyBrain Research, Vol. 96, No. 1Effects of extraocular muscle section on receptive fields in cat superior colliculusVision Research, Vol. 15, No. 8-9Superior colliculus: environmental influences on the development of directional responses in the kittenBrain Research, Vol. 89, No. 2Effects of neonatal cortical lesions upon the cat superior colliculusBrain Research, Vol. 83, No. 3Long-lasting discharge properties of neurons in the kitten midbrainVision Research, Vol. 13, No. 12 More from this issue > Volume 36Issue 4July 1973Pages 667-79 https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.1973.36.4.667PubMed4713313History Published online 1 July 1973 Published in print 1 July 1973 Metrics

Vestibulo-ocular responses in man during sleep

The vestibulo-ocular response of human subjects to prolonged oscillatory rotational stimulation has been investigated during various stages of sleep and arousal. Five stages of oculomotor response are described as follows: Stage I: Awake and alert but with eyes shut yields normal compensatory nystagmus. Stage II: Drowsy or light sleep radically changes the response to one which is devoid of sharp saccades and is 90–180° phase shifted relative to that required for compensation. Stage III: A deeper level of sleep abolishes any correlated response, leaving only large, uncorrelated wandering eye movements. Stage IV: Subsequently the original correlated response, but without saccades, returns, superimposed on wandering eye movements. Stage V: In deep sleep all responses virtually disappear. It is proposed that these effects could be accounted for first by desynchronization of saccadic hurst activity in oculomotor neurons and then by preferential suppression of the resulting degraded, or smoothed “saccadic” signal relative to the primary compensatory one. Eventually in deep sleep suppression of both signals would lead to Stage V. It is shown that appropriate modification of a previously described model of the vestibulo-ocular system of the cat can simulate the major findings on this basis. Rapid eye movement phase of sleep was not observed during the continuous oscillatory stimulus.

Motion sickness.

Motion sickness.

Vestibulo-ocular response and its state dependency in newborn infants.

Vestibulo-ocular response and its state dependency in newborn infants.

Unitary activity of vestibular and oculomotor neurons in the course of nystagmus

Extracellular recordings of single cells around the abducens nucleus show that certain cells discharge rythmically during nystagmus. The period of their firing and the period of nystagmus are the same but are slightly out of phase. From this, we assume that interneurones also play a part in producing nystagmic discharges. 1. By antidromic stimulation, it was possible to identify ocular motoneurones (single shock antidromic stimulation) and interneurones of motor reverberating circuits (repetitive antidromic stimulation). 2. Interneurones of the vestibulo-ocular circuit are triggered by stimulation of the ampullar nerve from the horizontal semi-circular canal. The stimulation can produce either a phasic response (single shock) or a nystagmus (repetitive stimulation). 3. Oculomotor nystagmic cells may be discribed by comparing the latencies of their responses and of vestibulo-ocular reflex and also by comparing their firing pattern in relation to the nystagmic discharges. 4. Only one group of interneurones is exclusively concerned with nystagmic activity. They are never activated by antidromic stimulation or by single shock ampullar nerve stimulation. Their rythmic firing during nystagmus is in opposite phase to the motor discharges. They are found in the dorso-medial area of the medial vestibular nucleus. 5. The other groups of interneurones are activated in vestibulo-ocular reflex responses and produces rythmic firing synchronised with the nystagmic discharges. 6. We suggest that those interneurones which are exclusively concerned with nystagmus have an inhibitory function. The other nystagmic interneurones would then have a re-excitatory function. Their opposing functions could explain the periodicity of the nystagmic discharges and also their progressive increase in amplitude by invoking the action of short closed loops of interneurones.

Vestibular habituation in ballet dancers.

Thirteen ballet dancers and 9 normal subjects were examined by means of high velocity rotation and electronystagmographic recording of the postrotatory response. According to accepted definitions the ballet dancers showed a significant degree of habituation. The so called spotting technique caused a definite reduction of the postrotatory reaction. Dancers with intense nystagmus reactions were even as immune to vertigo as those with slight nystagmus. In some of the subjects the nystagmus tended to perpetuate for long periods no matter how it was elicited; thus also after optokinetic stimulation. The vestibulo-ocular response following rotation is influenced by so many factors that it becomes a very unreliable measure for balancing proficiency in dancers.

Modifications of the vestibulo-ocular responses in parkinsonian patients after thalamolysis. An electronystagmographic study.

Modifications of the vestibulo-ocular responses in parkinsonian patients after thalamolysis. An electronystagmographic study.

RECEPTIVE FIELDS OF CELLS IN STRIATE CORTEX OF VERY YOUNG, VISUALLY INEXPERIENCED KITTENS.

RECEPTIVE FIELDS OF CELLS IN STRIATE CORTEX OF VERY YOUNG, VISUALLY INEXPERIENCED KITTENS.

THE ELEMENTARY VESTIBULO-OCULAR REFLEX ARC

THE ELEMENTARY VESTIBULO-OCULAR REFLEX ARC