Response Of Vessel Wall Research Articles

Experimental-theoretical correlation on the containment of explosions in closed cylindrical vessels

Approximate containment design formulas are developed for prediction of the maximum wall deformation of a cylindrical vessel due to detonation of a centrally located bare spherical high-explosive charge. Vessel wall response due to both the initial impulse loading and the long-term pressure build-up is considered. Formulas, which incorporate a rigid-plastic material model including strain hardening and strain rate sensitivity, are written in terms of elementary functions suitable for containment design calculations. Wall response predictions compare favorably with the results of a limited experimental program performed on mild steel containment vessels closed with massive end caps.

Reaction of smooth muscle cells of blood vessels to an increase in functional load.

Changes in the muscle tissue of the caudal vena cava of rats and its branches after disturbance of the blood drainage were studied by the methods of isotope biochemistry, autoradiography, immunomorphology, and cytophotometry. Enlargement and polyploidy of the DNA-synthesizing muscle cells with activation of protein synthesis in them and the formation of intimal layers resembling the muscular layers were found in the main trunk of the vein which was dilated the most. Activation of DNA and protein synthesis in the less distended femoral vein was much less marked than in the main trunk. Activation of protein synthesis occurred after a delay compared with the activation of DNA synthesis but both processes were phases of development of hypertrophy of the muscle tissue of the vessel wall in response to increased functional loading.

The effect of cholesterol feeding on the oxygen consumption of aortic tissue from the cockerel and the rat

Summary The oxygen consumption, in vitro , of segments from different levels of the aorta taken from cockerels receiving either an ordinary or an atherogenic diet has been measured and compared. The oxygen consumption of the aorta from rats, a species relatively resistant to experimental atheromatosis, receiving either an ordinary or a cholesterol-supplemented diet was also studied. The thoracic area of the cockerel aorta on either type of diet had a lower oxygen consumption than the other segments of the vessel. Cholesterol feeding of the cockerel resulted in a lower oxygen uptake for all levels of the aorta. In the rat, cholesterol feeding resulted in a higher oxygen uptake of the aorta. No differences were found in the overall oxygen consumption between live cockerels or rats fed ordinary diets, and the corresponding animals on cholesterol-supplemented diets. These results, in conjunction with other reported studies, suggest that atheromatous lesions occur in those areas of the vessel wall with higher oxygen uptakes. It is also suggested that the variation in species susceptibility to atheromatosis following cholesterol feeding is related to the metabolic response of the aortic vessel wall to such feeding.