Vessel Curvature Research Articles

Diagnosis and differentiation of various types of hydrocephalus in adults by angiography.

1. Cerebral atrophy is characterised angiographically by separation of the thalamostriate vein from the mid-line accompanied by an increased number of curves in the anterior and middle cerebral arteries. 2. Angiographic characteristics of hydrostatic hydrocephalus are: separation of the thalamostriate vein from the mid-line in the antero-posterior venous phases; elevation and straightening of the curvature of the pericallosal artery; and decrease in curvature of the trunk sylvian vessels with an outward curvature of them over the island of Reil. In advanced cases of hydrocephalus the distance between the insula and the vault will be less than one-third the distance from the vault to the mid-line. 3. In cases showing angiographic changes of hydrostatic hydrocephalus it is usually possible to suggest the following causes: (a) aqueduct stenosis—by lowering and flattening of the internal cerebral vein in the lateral venous phase; (b) posterior fossa mass—by elevation of the internal cerebral vein (when a solid mass is present causing upward hernia- tion); (c) 3rd ventricle tumours—by elevation of the proximal portion of the internal cerebral vein and closing of the venous angle; (d) communicating hydrocephalus—normal position and curvature of the internal cerebral vein.

Successful transplantation of human and cat corneal tissue into rabbit corneae.

<h3>Abstract</h3> The vascular organization of the human brain can determine neurological and neurophysiological functions, yet thus far it has not been comprehensively mapped. Aging and diseases such as dementia are known to be associated with changes to the vasculature and normative data could help detect these vascular changes in neuroimaging studies. Furthermore, given the well-known impact of venous vessels on the blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal, information about the common location of veins could help detect biases in existing datasets. In this work, a quantitative atlas of the venous vasculature using quantitative susceptibility maps (QSM) acquired with a 0.6 mm isotropic resolution is presented. The Venous Neuroanatomy (VENAT) atlas was created from 5 repeated 7 Tesla MRI measurements in young and healthy volunteers (n = 20, 10 females, mean age = 25.1 ± 2.5 years) using a two-step registration method on 3D segmentations of the venous vasculature. This cerebral vein atlas includes the average vessel location, diameter (mean: 0.84 ± 0.33 mm) and curvature (0.11 ± 0.05 mm⁻¹) from all participants and provides an in vivo measure of the angio-architectonic organization of the human brain and its variability. This atlas can be used as a basis to understand changes in the vasculature during aging and neurodegeneration, as well as vascular and physiological effects in neuroimaging.