Nonlinear complex-resistivity (NLCR) cross-hole imaging of the vadose zone was performed at the A-014 Outfall at the Savannah River Site, Aiken, SC. The purpose of this experiment was to field-test the ability of this method to detect dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs), specifically tetrachloroethene (PCE), known to contaminate the area. Five vertical electrode arrays (VEAs) were installed with [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] separations in and around the suspected source zone to depths of [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text], and measurements were carried out at seven nearest-neighbor panels. Amplitude and phase data were edited for quality and then inverted to form three-dimensional (3D) images. The comparatively small magnitude of the nonlinear resistivity Hilbert distortion allowed approximate linearized imaging of the 3D distribution of this quantity as well. Laboratory analysis of nearby soil contaminated in situ indicated that the NLCR response to the PCE-clay reaction is maximized near [Formula: see text], leading to the development of a metric involving the phase and resistivity Hilbert distortion to infer the 3D distribution of PCE. Variations in PCE content were independently detailed at three drilling locations within the NLCR survey area using direct penetration-based soil-collection tools. Approximately 400 soil samples were collected and analyzed for chlorinated solvent mass composition at [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] vertical intervals to compare with the NLCR-predicted distribution of DNAPL. The optimum performance for [Formula: see text] PCE was [Formula: see text] detection (true positives) with [Formula: see text] false alarms (false positives) at an effective resolution of [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text], or [Formula: see text] of the interwell separation. When smoothed to [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] resolution (comparable to well spacing), detection was 100% with just 12% false alarms. NLCR successfully predicted the general distribution of PCE at parts-per-thousand soil-mass fractions, specifically widespread near-surface contamination and a zone of discontinuous stringers and pods below the source.