Vertical Force Components Research Articles

Analysis on seismic behavior of different structural systems of small high-rise buildings

In order to study the seismic performance of small high-rise building under different structural systems, an ordinary residential tower building of 11 floors in 7 degree area was designed as a frame structure, frame-shear wall structure and shear wall structure respectively. Elastic calculation of all structures was conducted based on FE model built by the software of YJK and elasto-plastic time-history analyses were conducted by the software of PERFORM-3D. The numerical results confirm that all of the three kinds of structure system can meet the requirement that the beam yield firstly, but vertical force component dose not yield in rare earthquake. On the frame-shear wall structure, the inter-story drift angle can be controlled better. The proportion of plastic energy dissipation of the frame structure is the highest and of the shear wall structure is the least among the three structures. All kinds of structure systems show good seismic behavior.

Altered Vertical Ground Reaction Force Components While Walking in Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability

Aberrant loading is a mechanism by which individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) may negatively impact cartilage health and therefore long-term health outcomes. We aimed to quantify walking vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) component differences between those with and without CAI. Participants (n = 36) walked barefoot overground at a self-selected comfortable pace. Normalized peak vGRF, time to peak vGRF, and normalized loading rate were calculated. Higher normalized loading rates (CAI: 5.69 ± 0.62 N/BW/s; controls: 5.30 ± 0.44 N/BW/s, p = .034) and less time to peak vGRF (CAI: 1.48 ± 0.18 s; controls: 1.62 ± 0.16 s, p = .018) were observed in those with CAI. In conclusion, those with CAI demonstrate a higher normalized loading rate and less time to peak vGRF compared to controls.

A 3-D Finite Element Analysis of Stress Distribution on Implant-supported Fixed Prosthesis with Four Different Commercially Available Implant Systems

To investigate by the finite element analysis comparison of stress distribution on the cortical and cancellous bone in an implant-supported yttrium tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (Y-TZP FPD) in four different widely used implant systems under different loading conditions. Four 3-D finite element analysis (FEA) models of mandible having different implant systems with dimensions 8.0 mm × 5 mm in the second premolar and molar region were developed. In these models, abutment was tightened and 3-unit implant-supported Y-TZP FPD were cemented. A lateral force component of 100 N at 30° to the occlusal plane and a vertical intrusive force component of 250 N were applied to the central fossa of the FDP and the stress on bone around the implant was analyzed by FEA. In the four implant systems, the maximum stress values on the crestal bone differ for the different implant systems for the two loading conditions applied. In both cases, the maximum stress values on the cortical bone were in ADIN Touareg Closefit WP implants and the maximum stress on the cancellous bone was observed in the Nobel Speedy Groovy implants. The ADIN Touareg Closefit WP implant system induced maximum stress on the crestal bone in both axial and buccolingual loading. Nobel Speedy Groovy implant system favored more equitable load distribution to the peri-implant crestal bone when compared to the other three implant systems. From this study, it was found that out of all the implants used for the study, the Nobel Speedy Groovy implant system favored more equitable load distribution due to the platform switch design contrary to the other systems and at the cancellous bone the least load was transferred by the Nobel Active implants due to the reverse buttress thread design and larger thread pitch.

A New Approach to Prevent Crown Loosening and Caries in the AdvanSync2 Class II Corrector

The AdvanSync2 Class II corrector is a modification of the original Herbst appliance with advantages of immediate placement in conjunction with fixed appliances. Though easy to place and activate, the molar bands have a possibility of dislodgement due to the vertical force component from the telescopic arms requiring immediate intervention from the orthodontist. An easy and reliable method to prevent molar band dislodgement is highlighted.

Modulation of Kinesin’s Load-Bearing Capacity by Force Geometry and the Microtubule Track

Kinesin motors and their associated microtubule tracks are essential for long-distance transport of cellular cargos. Intracellular activity and proper recruitment of kinesins is regulated by biochemical signaling, cargo adaptors, microtubule-associated proteins, and mechanical forces. In this study, we found that the effect of opposing forces on the kinesin-microtubule attachment duration depends strongly on experimental assay geometry. Using optical tweezers and the conventional single-bead assay, we show that detachment of kinesin from the microtubule is likely accelerated by forces vertical to the long axis of the microtubule due to contact of the single bead with the underlying microtubule. We used the three-bead assay to minimize the vertical force component and found that when the opposing forces are mainly parallel to the microtubule, the median value of attachment durations between kinesin and microtubules can be up to 10-fold longer than observed using the single-bead assay. Using the three-bead assay, we also found that not all microtubule protofilaments are equivalent interacting substrates for kinesin and that the median value of attachment durations of kinesin varies by more than 10-fold, depending on the relative angular position of the forces along the circumference of the microtubule. Thus, depending on the geometry of forces across the microtubule, kinesin can switch from a fast detaching motor (median attachment duration <0.2 s) to a persistent motor that sustains attachment (median attachment duration >3 s) at high forces (5 pN). Our data show that the load-bearing capacity of the kinesin motor is highly variable and can be dramatically affected by off-axis forces and forces across the microtubule lattice, which has implications for a range of cellular activities, including cell division and organelle transport.

A review of the biomechanical determinants of rugby scrummaging performance.

The scrum is a physical contest unique to the game of rugby union, important for determining match outcomes. This review will describe the current understanding of the kinetic and kinematic determinants of successful scrum performance to support coaching interventions and inform on future research. Literature review. Individual and combined scrumming forces increase with playing level but there is no concurrent increase in body mass or player strength. There is very little variation in individual kinematics between individuals and across levels of play, suggesting that there are limited possible techniques for successful scrummaging. Live scrum contests are dynamic and require constant adjustments to body positions in response to increased compressive force and exaggerated lateral and vertical force components. Skilled performers are able to exert high levels of horizontal force while maintaining effective body positions within this dynamic environment. Success in scrummaging depends on the optimisation of joint angles and force production at the individual level, and the coordination of effort at a team level. The analysis presented here demonstrates that producing large scrum-specific forces and achieving the optimal 'body shape' are essential for successful scrum performance.

Investigating the scaling of masonry structures in a blast environment

Full-scale experimental testing of masonry response to blast can be challenging with the requisite need for significant measurement area in conjunction with high construction and material costs. This paper investigates the use of dynamic similitude to produce reduced-scale masonry structures which model the damage state and debris distribution of a full-scale counterpart due to blast loading. An investigation into the fundamental physical components of masonry response to blast loading facilitated the development of a new scaling methodology which maintains the ratio of lateral and vertical force components as prescribed by dynamic similitude. It is shown that this can be accomplished by using a reciprocal scale factor for the reduced-scale structure’s density. Computational models of full and reduced-scale masonry response to blast loading were produced with the Applied Element Method (AEM) to verify the underlying theory of the proposed scaling methodology. These utilised single-storey cuboid structures with non-responding roofs and half-thickness stretcher bond construction. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models of blast wave interaction with the masonry structures were defined at a range of peak overpressures, enabling a remap procedure into AEM. Importantly, AEM models utilised a constant 1:2 scale factor with masonry material parameters for commercially available units, demonstrating the practical applications of this scaling methodology for blast trials. Analysis of the AEM models demonstrated close qualitative agreement in damage state for full and reduced-scale structures at 55 kPa and 110 kPa peak free-field overpressure. These results also indicated agreement for a range of failure modes with the 110 kPa model showing front-panel collapse versus the 55 kPa model which indicated partial front-panel deflection. Chi-square analysis of the resultant debris distribution at 110 kPa indicated quantitative agreement for the relative quantities of bricks found within the rubble pile as a function of their original panel wall location.

Improved Method for Shape Finding of Long-Span Suspension Bridges

In recent years, many long-span suspension bridges have been constructed and the shape finding is a key issue in the design stage. This paper presents an improved shape-finding method which can overcome the shortcomings of the previous shape-finding method. The improved method is based on the common finite element analysis and convenient to be widely used in normal engineering practice. The main step can be summarized as follows. First, the vertical force components of the hangers are determined according to the construction method. Second, in the midspan, the initial equilibrium state of the main cable is calculated iteratively based on the Newton–Raphson method. Third, in the side span, the shape finding for the main cable is executed according to the horizontal force equilibrium of the pylon. Finally, the full-bridge model is obtained and examined carefully. The improved method is demonstrated through one suspension bridge with a planar cable system and one with a spatial cable system. The results show that the improved method is more efficient and accurate compared with the previous shape-finding method.

Asymmetry Indices in Female Runners as Predictors of Running Velocity

Abstract Introduction. This paper aimed to establish relationships between the level of functional and dynamic asymmetry in advanced and intermediate-level runners and running velocity. Furthermore, evaluation of dynamic symmetry (running and vertical jump) was made using indices, taking into account the continuous character of the signals of the ground reaction force and angular positions in individual joints of the lower limb. Material and methods. Symmetry was assessed in a group of 12 Polish elite female middle-distance runners for the following parameters: 1) strength of lower limb muscles, 2) impulse of the vertical component of the ground reaction force during a CMJ jump, and 3) kinematics of a 50-m run in a straight line. Results. More advanced athletes (group A) were significantly taller and stronger than the athletes with less training experience (B). They were also characterized by a significantly longer step, a more extended swing phase, and a shorter support phase. There were no statistically significant differences between groups A and B in the level of asymmetry. Running velocity was significantly influenced by muscle strength symmetry (b = −5.77; p &lt; 0.01) and support phase time symmetry (b = −6.64; p &lt; 0.03). A reduction in each of these indices leads to an increase in running velocity. Conclusion. No morphological or functional asymmetry was found in female middle-distance runners with different training experience.

Topological assessment of gait synchronisation in overground walking groups

Walking is one of the fundamental forms of human gross motor activity in which spatiotemporal movement coordination can occur. While considerable body of evidence already exists on pedestrian movement coordination while walking in pairs, little is known about gait control while walking in more complex topological arrangements. To this end, this study provides some of the first evidence of spontaneous gait synchronisation while walking in a group. Nine subjects covered the total distance of 40 km at different speeds while assembled in a three-by-three formation. Two experimental protocols were applied in which the subjects were either not specifically asked to or specifically asked to synchronise their gait. To obtain results representative from the point of view of gait control, the movement coordination was quantified using the indirectly measured vertical component of ground reaction force, based on output from a network of wireless motion monitors. Bivariate phase difference analysis was conducted using wavelet transform, synchronisation strength measures derived from Shannon entropy, and circular statistics. A fundamental relationship describing the influence of the group walking speed on individuals’ pacing frequency was established, showing a positive correlation different from that previously reported for walking in solitude. A positive correlation was found between the average synchronisation strength within a group and group’s walking speed. The most persistent coordination patterns were identified for pedestrians walking front-to-back and side-by-side. Overall, the spontaneous gait synchronisation while walking in a group is relatively weak, well below the levels reported for walking in pairs.

Comparison of the internal hip abduction moment and the pelvic kinematics during single-leg standing between people with knee osteoarthritis and healthy elderly people

Purpose: A high external knee adduction moment (KAM) during walking is known as the risk factors for progression of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Recent studies demonstrated that contralateral pelvic drop increased the KAM during walking and single-leg standing. Thus, stabilizing pelvis in the frontal plane is one of the goal for conservative treatments for KOA. In addition, internal hip abduction moment (HAM) explaining hip abductor muscle strength of the stance limb play a role in stabilizing the pelvis. However, few studies investigated HAM and pelvic kinematics during single-leg standing in people with KOA. Single-leg standing is convenient method to assess movement of the pelvis in the frontal plane, such as in the Trendelenburg test. The purpose of the present study was to compare the HAM and the pelvic kinematics during single-leg standing between people with KOA and healthy elderly people. Methods: Nine healthy elderly people (healthy group; age: 61.0 ± 9.0 years, height: 157.0 ± 9.3 cm, weight: 57.3 ± 11.2 kg) and 10 patients with KOA (KOA group; age: 67.8±8.9 years, height:152.8±6.9 cm, weight: 56.8±15.1 kg, K/L grade: 2-3) were recruited for this study. These subjects performed the single-leg standing trials. Subjects stood on two force platforms. They lifted one lower limb off the force plate 'as fast as possible' following a sonic cue, and held the posture. The onset of lift-off point was defined as the time when the vertical component of the ground reaction force became less than 10 N. All data were recorded until 3000ms following the lift-off. The data were collected with a six-camera motion analysis system and two force plates that were temporally synchronized and sampled at 200Hz and 1000Hz, respectively. Helen Hays marker set was used. The peak HAM and peak KAM during the single-leg standing were determined using the SIMM6.0.2 software. The maximum and minimum value of the lateral tilt angle of the pelvis during single-leg standing trials were calculated using the custom Matlab code. The contralateral pelvic elevation was denoted as a positive angle. We compared peak HAM, peak KAM and pelvic tilt angle between groups using unpaired t test. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: able 1 shows all kinematics and kinetic data (mean and SD) and statistics. There was no significant difference between groups for peak HAM and peak KAM. Maximum value of the pelvic tilt angle was not significant difference between groups. Minimum value of the pelvic tilt angle was greater in KOA group than in healthy group (p<0.05). Conclusions: People with KOA reduced the contralateral pelvic drop during single-leg standing. In addition, there was no difference peak KAM and peak HAM in KOA group compared with healthy group. People with KOA probably adapted their pelvic kinematics to prevent the increase of peak KAM during single-leg standing. Since hip abductor muscle play a role in stabilizing pelvis, hip abductor muscle strengthening exercises might be effective for rehabilitation program for KOA.

Mild gait impairment in long-term treated patients with neurological Wilson's disease.

Abnormal gait is a frequently observed initial symptom of Wilson's disease (WD), which responds well to therapy, but has not been analyzed quantitatively so far. The question therefore is whether abnormalities can be detected by simple quantitative gait measurements in long-term treated Wilson-patients and whether these have a relation to clinical and laboratory findings. In 30 long-term treated Wilson-patients, walking without aid at the preferred gait speed over a distance of 40 meters was analyzed. An Infotronic® gait analysis system which consists of soft tissue shoes with two solid, but flexible plates each containing 8 force transducers was used to record the vertical component of the ground forces and the temporal patterns of foot ground contact. Gait parameters were correlated with clinical scores as well as laboratory findings. Results of Wilson-patients were compared to those of an age- and sex-matched control group. Wilson-patients walked significantly (P<0.001) slower than normal subjects with equal step length, but lower cadence (P<0.001). Gait speed was negatively correlated with severity of neurological symptoms (r=-0.547; P<0.001) and positively with copper concentration in the 24 h urine (r=0.415; P<0.003). A negative correlation was also found between serum levels of liver enzymes and cadence (r=-0.515; P<0.001). Time normalized temporal patterns of walking were normal. The temporal pattern of gait is normal in WD. A compliance dependent reduction of gait speed and cadence underline the necessity of careful long-term therapy monitoring in WD.

A Study on the Spatial Dependence of a MEMS Electromagnetic Transducer

A MEMS, silicon-based device with a piezoelectric layer and an integrated magnet is presented for magnetic to electrical transduction. The cantilever structure can be configured either as an energy harvester to harvest power from an AC power line or as an AC current sensor. The positioning of the transducer with respect to the conductor is critical in both scenarios. For the energy scavenger, correct positioning is required to optimize the harvested power. For the current sensor, it is necessary to optimize the sensitivity of the sensor. This paper considers the effect of the relative position of the transducer with respect to the wire on the resulting electromagnetic forces and torques driving the device. It is shown in this paper that it is the net equivalent torque at the anchor that must be considered and not just the vertical component of the magnetic force as has been widely assumed heretofore. We show that for single wire conductors, the commonly made assumption that there exists two symmetrical power peaks at 45° either side of the wire is untrue, but rather that the net driving torque on one side of the wire can be more than an order of magnitude greater than the other. [2018-0173]

Characteristics of sawing force location in the unsteady stage

Although the unsteady sawing stage, an integral part of the complete sawing process, contains the characteristics of the sawing process, few studies have been carried out due to the complexity of processing. In the present work, the varying characteristics of sawing force location were studied based on the cut-in and cut-out unsteady stages. Through using kinematic method, the force location can be calculated based on the measured horizontal and vertical force components converted to the tangential and normal force components. Corresponding experiments were undertaken on a precision sawing machine at a large range. Based on the experimental results and analysis, it is found that the force location increases with the increase of the instantaneous length of contact zone, but it decreases with the increase of depth of cut. The workpiece feed speed and sawblade speed have an influence on the force location. When the instantaneous length of contact zone is close to that of the maximum contact zone, the force location basically acts at 0.6 apart from the bottom of the contact zone, which is due to the shifting behaviour of sawing swarf.

A new method for the study of parabolic impact of foam-core sandwich panels

Lightweight sandwich panels with composite facesheets and foam core have high impact energy absorption capability and are widely employed in multifunctional applications such as aircraft and marine structures. The dynamic behaviour of sandwich panels is typically studied for impact loading at normal angle of incidence but the structures are more frequently loaded at some oblique angle or with a complex tri-dimensional trajectory in real engineering situations. The damage area and damage modes for these trajectories are significantly different and it is not sufficient to study only normal impacts. There are well established experimental protocols for normal or oblique impact tests using devices like the drop tower, but impacts with complex trajectory are difficult to characterise experimentally. In this paper, a Gough-Stewart platform with six degrees of freedom has been modified to develop an original tri-dimensional impact device called Hexapod. The trajectory is defined to an impactor attached to the seventh jack of the Hexapod to study the response of sandwich plates to impact loading with complex trajectories. The applicability of the newly developed device is demonstrated by studying parabolic impact with different trajectories on sandwich plates with Kevlar facesheets and Rohacell foam core. The time history of vertical and horizontal components of force is measured using tri-axial load cell and strain history is obtained from Digital Image Correlation of a high speed camera images. The results of the parabolic impact show the importance of shear behaviour of the foam in the progression of damage in the sandwich panels. Additionally, the response of the sandwich panels to parabolic impact was simulated numerically using explicit finite element code LS-DYNA. The results of the FE model are compared with experimental data in terms of the force history and strain contours.

STABILITY ENSURING OF PIPELINE DESIGN POSITION TAKING INTO ACCOUNT HYDRODYNAMIC IMPACTS

Background Most subsea pipeline sections at water crossings are unstable and move out of their design position either during the testing period or in the first year of operation, or after long operation and frequent pumping stops. This confirms that the design of such sections does not take into account loss of stability, such as hydrodynamic or gas-dynamic impacts. Aims and objectives The aim of the studies is to ensure the stability of the design position of the pipeline taking hydrodynamic or gas-dynamic effects of the pumped product flow. For ensuring the stability of the design position of the pipeline in the convex section of the profile it is proposed to determine the hydrodynamic or gas-dynamic impact of the pumped product flow and to carry out the additional ballasting of the pipeline taking into account the intensity of hydrodynamic or gas-dynamic impact. Methods The forces of hydrodynamic and gas-dynamic influence of the pumped medium flow on the pipeline were determined with the use of the theory of classical mechanics, the theorems of force impulse taking into account the repulse from the air, the theorems of force impulse without taking into account the repulse from the air and the law of distribution of flow velocities. Results On the basis of the received dependences of change of a vertical component of force of hydrodynamic influence of a water stream from a pipe turn angle it has been established that the least error of a trend line between experimental and calculated data has the graph built on calculated results of impulses theorem taking into account a repulse from air.

Calibrating the Young’s modulus of soft materials with surface tilt angle measured by atomic force microscopy

We investigated the apparent Young’s modulus, Em, of soft materials with the surface tilt angle, as measured by colloidal probe atomic force microscopy (AFM). The AFM measurements of soft polymer hydrogels and natural unfertilized eggs showed a clear universal behavior of Em as a function of the tilt angle, θ, of the sample surface at the local contact area. We found that the observed θ dependence of Em was well fitted with a simple modified Hertz contact model, in which the pressure distribution in the contact area follows the conventional Hertz contact model, the vertical component of the net force balances the loading force, and the remaining lateral component of the net force is approximately ignored. We demonstrated how a simple analytical formula derived from the modified Hertz contact model can calibrate the Em values for single cells in a spherical embryo and for single isolated cells and a confluent cell monolayer adhered on flat substrates.

Comparison of a Nintendo Wii balance board with a laboratory-grade force plate on measurement of transitional movements

The aim of this study was to verify whether the Nintendo Wii-Balance-Board was valid and reliable for assessing sit-to-stand and return-to-sit tasks by comparing it with a gold-standard force plate. Ten elderly (age = 78.21±14.82 years; males=4; females=6) and eleven young (age =24.25±12.43 years; males=6; females=5) participants of both genders performed five sit-to-stand and return-to-sit tasks consecutively by placing their feet on the Wii-Balance-Board; after two days of rest, they repeated the same assessment. The Wii-Balance- Board was positioned over the force plate to concurrently acquire the vertical component of ground reaction forces. Relevant kinetic and temporal parameters were estimated from these signals. Both the Wii-Balance-Board and force plate measurements resulted in a high level of correlation for almost all the parameters (Pearson’s product-moment r ranged from 0.91 to 0.99, p&amp;lt;.001) and, for the same parameters, intra-class correlation coefficients revealed a high level of agreement between the devices (ranged from 0.93 to 0.99). Bland-Altman plots and regression analysis detected systematic and fixed biases for two parameters (i.e., the inclination of force in standing and rising), while other parameters resulted with none systematic biases; the absolute magnitude of those differences was trivial or small (standardized biases ranged from 0.01 to 0.4). A high level of intra-device reliability was measured for all the parameters (intra-class correlation coefficients ranged from 0.85 to 0.99). The Wii-Balance-Board proved valid and reliable in comparison with a force plate for assessing transition movements so it can be considered a valuable solution for supporting the assessment procedures of average practitioners.

Sprint Acceleration Mechanics in Fatigue Conditions: Compensatory Role of Gluteal Muscles in Horizontal Force Production and Potential Protection of Hamstring Muscles.

Aim: Hamstring muscle injury is the main injury related to sports requiring sprint acceleration. In addition, hamstring muscles have been reported to play a role in horizontal force production during sprint acceleration performance. The aim of the present study was to analyze (i) the determinants of horizontal force production and (ii) the role of hip extensors, and hamstring muscles in particular, for horizontal force production during repeated sprint-induced fatigue conditions.Method: In this experimental laboratory setting study including 14 sprint-trained male athletes, we analyzed (i) the changes in sprint mechanics, peak torque of the knee and hip extensors and flexors, muscle activity of the vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, biceps femoris, and gluteus, and sagittal plane lower limb motion, before and after twelve 6-s sprints separated by 44 s rest on an instrumented motorized treadmill, and (ii) the determinants of horizontal force production (FH) during the sprint acceleration in a fatigue state (after 12 sprints).Results: The repeated-sprint protocol induced a decrease in maximal power output (Pmax) [-17.5 ± 8.9%; effect size (ES): 1.57, large] and in the contact-averaged horizontal force component (FH) (-8.6 ± 8.4%; ES: 0.86, moderate) but not meaningful changes in the contact-averaged resultant (total) force (FTot) (-3.4 ± 2.9%; ES: 0.55, small) and vertical force component (FV) (-3.1 ± 3.2%; ES: 0.49, small). A decrease was found in concentric peak torque of the knee flexors and extensors and in gluteus and vastus lateralis muscle activity during entire swing and end-of-swing phase. An increase was found in contact time and swing time, while step frequency and knee speed before ground contact decreased. Muscular determinants associated with FH and its decrease after the repeated-sprint protocol were concentric peak torque of the hip extensors (p = 0.033) and a decrease in gluteus maximus activity at the end-of-swing (p = 0.007), respectively.Conclusion: Sprint-induced fatigue lead to changes in horizontal force production muscular determinants: hamstring muscle seems not to have the same role than in non-fatigue condition. Horizontal force production seems to be more dependent on the hip extensors and gluteus maximus function. Given the fatigue-induced decrease in hamstring muscle strength, we can hypothesize that muscle compensatory and kinematic strategies reported in a fatigued state could be an adaptation to allow/maintain performance and a protective adaptation to limit hamstring muscles constraints.

Stepping to an Auditory Metronome Improves Weight-Bearing Symmetry in Poststroke Hemiparesis.

Asymmetry in weight-bearing is a common feature in poststroke hemiparesis and is related to temporal asymmetry during walking. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an auditory cue for stepping in place on measures of temporal and weight-bearing asymmetry. A total of 10 community-dwelling adults (6 males and 4 females) with chronic poststroke hemiparesis performed 5 un-cued stepping trials and 5 stepping trials cued by an auditory metronome cue. A Vicon system was used to collect full body kinematic trajectories. Two force platforms were used to measure ground reaction forces. Step, swing, and stance times were used to calculate temporal symmetry ratios. Weight-bearing was assessed using the vertical component of the ground reaction force and center of mass-center of pressure separation at mid-stance. Weight-bearing asymmetry was significantly reduced during stepping with an auditory cue. Asymmetry values for step, swing, and stance times were also significantly reduced with auditory cueing. These findings show that auditory cueing when stepping in place produces immediate reductions in measures of temporal asymmetry and dynamic weight-bearing asymmetry.