Vermicompost Extracts Research Articles

Biofertilization with Liquid Vermicompost-Activated Biochar Enhances Microbial Activity and Soil Properties

Biochar (Bc) and liquid vermicompost extracts (LVEs) are increasingly being used as biofertilizers in agriculture to promote soil-microbe-crop interactions. However, although both these products can potentially act synergistically due to their complementary characteristics, their co-application in different soils has not yet been investigated. Therefore, firstly, an LVE-activated biochar (BLVE) was experimentally formulated and the persistence of LVE bacteria over a 60-day storage period was determined. The total number of LVE bacteria increased by 10-fold after 7 days and was stable throughout the entire biochar storage period. In addition, changes in the composition of the bacterial community were observed after 30 days of storage, indicating that taxa less represented in pure LVE may be advantaged upon biochar colonization. Secondly, a microcosm experiment was performed to evaluate whether the biological fertility and enzyme activities of two soils, differing in organic matter content, could be enhanced by the addition of LVE-activated biochar. In this experiment, three different doses of Bc, LVE, and BLVE against the carbon-related biological fertility index (i.e., biological fertility index, BFI) and three enzyme activities over a 21-day incubation period were tested. The BLVE treatment yielded the best results (i.e., BFI +32%, enzyme activities +38%). This indicates that Bc and LVEs can act synergistically to promote soil fertility, quality, and microbial activity. By integrating LVE-activated biochar into their soil management practices, farmers could achieve higher crop yields and healthier products.

Vermikompost ekstraktlarının bazı havai fungal bitki patojenleri baskılama etkinliğinin belirlenmesi

The use of vermicompost in agriculture has become increasingly common, especially in organic agriculture. In this research, the suppression efficiency of horse and cattle vermicompost extracts against some aerial fungal plant pathogens (Monilinia laxa, Cytospora leucostoma, Botryosphaeria obtusa, Phomopsis viticola, Alternaria mali, and Botrytis cinerea) that damage fruit trees and are common in fruit production areas, was studied for the first time in our country. 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% concentrations of horse and cattle extracts were tested against fungal plant isolates. The results were evaluated by two-way ANOVA testing the suppression rates of vermicompost extracts in petri plates. While the best results were found in M. laxa (90.6%), P. viticola (80.2%), A. mali (65.1%) at 100% concentration for horse and cattle vermicomposts respectively, the suppression of B. obtusa (44.7%), C. leucostoma (38.1%), and B. cinerea (35.5%) was found to be lower.

Biocontrol Potential of the Vorticella sp. Isolated from Vermicompost Against Meloidogyne javanica.

Non-chemical control of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.), the most important plant-parasitic nematodes, is the objective of many studies. In this study, the biocontrol potential of a protozoan Vorticella sp., isolated from vermicompost, against the root-knot nematode M. javanica was investigated. The effect of different vermicompost extracts (VE) with and without Vorticella sp. on M. javanica was investigated in vitro and in glasshouse experiments on tomato plants. The result showed that Vorticella sp. + VE had an inhibitory effect on egg hatching in vitro, which was reduced by 43-62%. In addition, the results of glasshouse experiments showed that Vorticella sp. + VE significantly increased the shoot weight of infected tomato plants compared to the control and reduced the reproduction factor of M. javanica by 74-91%. Vorticella sp. has inhibitory properties against root-knot nematode and its biocontrol potential was demonstrated in this study.

Extracts and fractions of humic substances reduce bacterial spot severity in tomato plants, improve primary metabolism and activate the plant defense system

We evaluated the liquid vermicompost extracts and fractions of humic substances in biostimulus and bacterial spot control in tomato plants. Unfiltered crude extract of liquid vermicompost (UFCE), filtered crude extract (FCE), humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA) were sprayed on tomato leaves before the Xanthomonas hortorum pv. gardneri inoculation. Plants sprayed with HA showed the lowest bacterial spot severity. Defense enzyme activity increased 3 times in plants treated with HA. HA were the most active fraction in promoting growth with greatest increases in roots biomass and nitrate reductase enzyme activity.

Effect of Humus, Compost, and Vermicompost Extracts on the Net Energy Concentration, Net Energy of Lactation, and Energy Yield of Dactylis glomerata and Lolium perenne

The purpose of the research was to examine whether selected organic materials could increase the net energy concentration, net energy of lactation, and energy yield of two grass species. The main factors in the experiment were soil conditioners with the content based on compost, vermicompost and humus extract, applied separately and supplemented with NPK fertilizers. The second factor is grass species, Dactylis glomerata and Lolium perenne. Mineral fertilizer and compost extract resulted in a reduction in net energy concentration by about 5%. The largest value of net energy of lactation (NEL) was obtained after the application of humus extract with NPK. The average value of the energy yield was the biggest on units where biological extracts were applied together with NPK. That increase was from 63% for NPK applied together with humus extract to 76.5% for the NPK applied with compost extract. Of the applied humic substances, those applied together with mineral fertilizer had the greatest impact on net energy value and NEL. The use of compost extract contributed to a substantial increase in the yield of feed energy. Other biological substances applied together with mineral fertilizer also had a positive impact. Weather conditions in various years of the research differentiated feed energy values. Due to the complexity of the environment (soil, climate, plant), it is impossible to provide a universal combination of fertilizers that increases the energy value of forage. Therefore, it is important to carry out practical field experiments that will indicate the optimal fertilizer combinations suitable for the selected region.

Potential of vermicompost extract in enhancing the biomass and bioactive components along with mitigation of Meloidogyne incognita-induced stress in tomato.

Increasing inorganic fertilizer and pesticide use has been linked to increased health risks for humans and cattle, as well as substantial water and soil contamination. In recent years, vermicomposting has shown to be a viable alternative to chemical pesticides. Vermicompost and vermicompost products such as extract and leachate assist plants in a number of ways. According to recent studies, vermicompost extract (VCE), when used as a supplement, is thought to work as a growth and stress tolerance booster for plants. These liquid supplements also help to suppress a range of pests, such as root knot nematodes. In the present study, neem- and cattle dung-based vermicompost extracts of different concentrations (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100%) were prepared and used for their application against nematode infection in tomato seedlings under laboratory conditions. Apart from its antagonistic action against Meloidogyne incognita, the influence of VCE on plant growth was investigated by analyzing its morphological characteristics in tomato seedlings infected and uninfected with M. incognita. Seeds were pre-soaked in VCE for the seed priming process before being allowed for germination. After 10days of nematode inoculation, biochemical parameters like protein content, activity of antioxidative enzymes, non-enzymatic antioxidants, stress indices, photosynthetic pigments, proline content and secondary metabolites were also analyzed. The results revealed that neem-based VCE was fatal to second-stage juveniles, with an 82% mortality rate following exposure to the highest dose. When eggs were exposed to 100% VCE, 33.8% of hatching was suppressed, indicating that VCE had an antagonistic effect on nematode egg hatching. Further, all the morphological and biochemical parameters were significantly enhanced in VCE-treated tomato seedlings as compared to untreated seedlings. Stress indices were also found to be significantly lowered by the VCE treatments in the infected plants. The effect of VCE on seedling growth and physiology was shown to be concentration dependent. As a result, the current findings show that VCE has the potential to be used as a plant growth accelerator as well as an environmentally friendly biocontrol agent against nematode pathogenesis in tomato plants.

Trichoderma-Enriched Vermicompost Extracts Reduces Nematode Biotic Stress in Tomato and Bell Pepper Crops

Root-knot nematode (RKN) is a serious threat to crops worldwide due to the difficulty in controlling it and the limited eco-friendly alternatives to deal with the biotic stress it causes. In the present work, water-extractable fractions obtained from vermicompost (WSFv), vermicompost enriched with Trichoderma asperellum (WSFta) and T. virens (WSFtv) were tested as biotechnological tools to reduce the impacts of RKN on gas exchange, water use efficiency (WUE) and nutrient concentration in tomato and bell pepper plants. The plants were infected with 5000 eggs and eventual J2 of RKN and then treated with the water-extractable fractions for seven weeks. It was observed that the addition of WSFta, WSFtv and WSFv increased the CO2 assimilation, stomatal conductance and WUE in the tomato plants. In the bell pepper plants, WSFta, WSFtv, WSFv increased the stomatal conductance, while WUE was higher in the treatment with WSFtv. In fact, the parameters associated with the gas exchange were usually higher in the bell pepper than in the tomato plants. Overall, higher contents of N, Mg, B and Mn were detected when the extracts were applied in both bell pepper and tomato plants. The application of the water-extractable fractions, inoculated or not with Trichoderma, attenuates the RKN damage on the gas exchange parameters and successfully enhanced the nutrient concentration in the infected tomato and bell pepper plants, showing that it could be an important and promising tool for reducing the damage caused by this pathogen. We suggest that both the tomato and pepper plants can cope with the dilemma between growth and stress response via stomata regulation that are modulated by the WSF and Trichoderma.

The Effect of Vermicompost, Urea, and Seaweed Extracts on Growth and Yield Characteristics of Yellow Maize (Zea mays L.)

In order to study the effect of adding vermicompost fertilizer, seaweed extracts, and nitrogen fertilizer on the growth and yield characteristics of maize. An experiment was carried out in one of the farms located in Nouriya district - Al-Diwaniyah governorate - Iraq during the autumn season 2019-2020.The experiment was applied in the order of global trials according to the design of randomized full sectors and with three replications. The first factor included adding vermicompost fertilizer in three levels (0, 2 and 4 tons H-1) coded A0, A1 and A2 respectively, while the second factor included adding seaweed extract at two levels (0 and 40 kg H-1) symbolized for B0 and B1 respectively, while the third factor included adding nitrogen fertilizer in three levels (0, 120 and 240 kg N H-1) coded as C0, C1 and C2, respectively.The results of the experiment showed: The levels of vermicompost differed significantly in most of the studied characterizes , as the A1 level achieved the highest results for leaf content of chlorophyll, dry weight of the root and vegetable group, total yield, and the percentage of protein in grains (45.86 SPAD, 11.641 and 57.13 gm plant -1 11.299 Mg H -1 12.30 %), respectively, while level A2 achieved the highest value of plant height (354.1 cm plant -1). The treatment of adding seaweed extracts B1 significantly affected most of the studied characterizes and gave the highest results for leaf content of chlorophyll, plant height, dry weight of root and vegetative group, total yield and percentage of protein (43.70 SPAD, 335.7 cm plant-1, 10.983 and 54.73 gm.plant-1 and 10.361 Mg H-1 and 11.18%), respectively. The treatment of adding C1 nitrogen fertilizer was significantly higher with the highest results for leaf content of chlorophyll, plant height, dry weight of root and vegetable group, total yield and protein content in grains (45.51 SPAD, 345.8 cm plant-1, 11.054, 56.57 gm.plant-1 and 10.500 Mg.H-1 and 11.50%) respectively.The research is part of MCs for 2nd authorCorresponding author: E-mail(Zzaah94@gmail.com ) Al- Muthanna University All rights reserved

Effect of green synthesized molybdenum nanoparticles on nitrate accumulation and nitrate reductase activity in spinach

In the present study, the green synthesized Mo nanoparticles (NPs) were firstly prepared using vermicompost extracts and, then, two experiments were separately carried out in a completely randomized design. The first experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of ammonium nitrate (AN) on nitrate (NO3−) accumulation rates as well as some other vegetative traits in spinach in four treatments and three replicates and the second experiment was done to investigate the effects of elemental Mo and green synthesized Mo NPs on NO3− accumulation, nitrate reductase (NR) activity and some morphological parameters in seven treatments with three replicates. The results of the first experiment indicated that the greatest accumulation of NO3− in the aerial parts of the plants was observed in the 3 M AN treatment. That is why the same concentration was utilized in the second experiment to study the effects of elemental Mo and green synthesized Mo NPs on the NR activity, NO3− accumulation and the other traits. The results of the second experiment indicated that various concentrations of elemental Mo and green synthesized Mo NPs have significant effects on all measured traits including the fresh and dry weights of the plant, NO3− concentration, NR activity, chlorophyll a (Chl a) and chlorophyll b (Chl b) rates, total chlorophyll (Chl a + b) and the plant height. Moreover, it was found that the green synthesized Mo NPs, as compared to elemental Mo, have a greater effect on the increase of NR activity and, consequently, significant reduction of NO3− accumulation.AbbreviationsANammonium nitrateChl achlorophyll aChl bchlorophyll bChl a + bthe total chlorophyllsMMolarMomolybdenumNPsnanoparticlesNRnitrate reductaseNnitrogenNO3−nitrate

Influence of formulated organic Plant tissue culture medium in the shoot regeneration study ofBrassica juncea(l.) - Indian mustard

Efficient protocol for plant shoot regeneration of Brassica juncea L. CZERN was established by using organic media components and growth stimulating factors of the vermicompost and coelomic fluids. Formulated organic plant tissue culture media (Vermicompost (30%) extracts supplemented with 20 mL/L coelomic fluid) have shown maximum shoot regeneration when compared with the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, which were supplemented with 1 mg/L 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 0.1 mg/L of Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Cotyledon explants produced the highest shoot regeneration frequency from fourday- old germinated seedlings in comparison with non-germinated seedlings. The vermicompost extracts have proved to be the best organic plant growth media to induce shoots from cotyledons compared to the MS media. Statistically significant difference (P = 0.008) for the root length, shoot length (P =0.000350) and the leaves (P=0.375) of the mustard plantlets were analyzed successfully. The survival rate was 98% in the mustard cotyledons on the Vermicompost extract media and 63% on MS media respectively. The coelomic fluid also is much suitable to induce shoots from cotyledons at lower concentrations. It was also shown that the vermicompost extract, which comprised of humic acids along with coelomic fluid, affected shoot regeneration from the cotyledons. An efficient and organic shoot regeneration study was standardized and it can be applicable in the improvement of the economically important crops.

The effect of sawdust vermicompost extract on Syngonium podophyllum growth and nutrition

This study investigated the effects of four concentrations (0, 250, 500 and 1000 ppm) of a sawdust vermicompost extract on the growth and nutrition of Syngonium podophyllum. The extract, which was prepared using non-aerated extraction methods with a 1:10 (v: v) ratio of sawdust vermicompost to water, was sprayed three times on the Syngonium plants. Extract improved the mineral nutrient status of the plants. When the vermicompost extract was sprayed on the Syngonium plants, they showed significant growth. Germination tests did not show that vermicompost extracts would cause any potential damage to the plants. The spray containing the 1000 ppm extract had a great effect on Syngonium growth. Plants grown in pots and treated with the 1000 ppm vermicompost extract exhibited higher height, leaf area, chlorophyll, shoot fresh weight, and shoot dry weight than plants receiving control treatments. This study confirmed that sawdust vermicompost extract positively affects Syngonium plant growth.

Effects of different vermicompost extracts of palm oil mill effluent and palm-pressed fiber mixture on seed germination of mung bean and its relative toxicity.

Several treatment technologies are available for the treatment of palm oil mill wastes. Vermicomposting is widely recognized as efficient, eco-friendly methods for converting organic waste materials to valuable products. This study evaluates the effect of different vermicompost extracts obtained from palm oil mill effluent (POME) and palm-pressed fiber (PPF) mixtures on the germination, growth, relative toxicity, and photosynthetic pigments of mung beans (Vigna radiata) plant. POME contains valuable nutrients and can be used as a liquid fertilizer for fertigation. Mung bean seeds were sown in petri dishes irrigated with different dilutions of vermicomposted POME-PPF extracts, namely 50, 60, and 70% at varying dilutions. Results showed that at lower dilutions, the vermicompost extracts showed favorable effects on seed germination, seedling growth, and total chlorophyll content in mung bean seedlings, but at higher dilutions, they showed inhibitory effects. The carotenoid contents also decreased with increased dilutions of POME-PPF. This study recommends that the extracts could serve as a good source of fertilizer for the germination and growth enhancement of mung bean seedlings at the recommended dilutions.

Sustainable nutrients: Vermicompost, a tool to additivate aquaponic systems

Sustainable nutrients: Vermicompost, a tool to additivate aquaponic systems

Genotoxicity reduction in bagasse waste of sugar industry by earthworm technology.

The aim of the present study was to assess the genotoxicity reduction in post vermicompost feed mixtures of bagasse (B) waste using earthworm Eisenia fetida. The genotoxicity of bagasse waste was determined by using Allium cepa root chromosomal aberration assay. Bagasse was amended with cattle dung in different proportions [0:100 (B0) 25:75 (B25), 50:50 (B50), 75:25 (B75) and 100:0 (B100)] on dry weight basis. Genotoxic effects of initial and post vermicompost bagasse extracts were analysed on the root tips cells of Allium cepa. Root length and mitotic index (MI) was found to be increased in post vermicompost extracts when compared to initial bagasse waste. The maximum percent increase of root length was observed in the B50 bagasse extract (96.60 %) and the maximum MI was observed in B100 mixture (14.20 ± 0.60) 6 h treatment which was similar to the control. Genotoxicity analysis of post vermicompost extracts of bagasse revealed a 21–44 % decline in the aberration frequencies and the maximum reduction was found in B75 extract (44.50 %). The increase in root length and mitotic index, as well as decrease in chromosomal aberrations indicates that E. fetida has the ability to reduce the genotoxicity of the bagasse waste.

The Peculiar Physicochemical and Agrochemical Properties of Vermiculture-Processed Poplar Leaf Litter

In the vermicompost obtained from horse manure the concentration of K+ and NO3- was, on average, 112.2 and 82.9 milliequivalents/kg of dry weight, respectively. It was significantly higher than in the vermicompost obtained from poplar leaf litter (73 and 5.6 milliequivalents/kg of dry weight, respectively). The pH-values and concentration of calcium ions in the vermicompost from poplar leaf litter were significantly higher than in the vermicompost from horse manure (7.6 vs 6.9 and 112.3 vs 83 milliequivalents/kg of dry weight, respectively). The sprouting of wheat seeds and isolated potato shoots of Nevsky breed using poplar leaf litter vermicompost extractions resulted in a significant increase in the weight of the roots compared to the seeds and shoots grown on tap water. We did not observe the effect in the case with horse manure vermicompost extracts

Effect of vermicompost extracts on the in vitro micropropagation of Bacopa monnieri

Context: To study the effect of vermicompost (VC) extracts on micropropagation of Bacopa monnieri (Linn) Pennell. Aims: The aim was to develop low cost and economical tissue culture media for micropropagation using VC extracts. Settings and Design: VC and its extracts act as a plant growth promoting organic substitute containing humic substances. VC extracts were used as a low cost plant tissue culture media. Subjects and Methods: Aqueous extracts of VC (30%) supplemented with 8 g/L agar as the experimental media and Murashige and Skoog media was used as control to support the micropropagation of B. monnieri. Hardening of tissue cultured plantlets was carried out using VC and its spray in the medium of cocopeat. The well‐developed plantlets were transferred to the greenhouse and then into the field. Statistical Analysis Used: Student’s t‐test and Tukey’s studentized range (honest significant difference) test was considered for analyses of significance for various growth parameters such as development of roots, shoots, leaves, nodes, weight (in milligrams) and percentage survival of plantlets from nodal explants of B.monnieri to detect differences observed between the two media. Results: The results have indicated that the aqueous extract of VC is most suitable as a component of tissue culture media for well establishment of explants. And the VC extract with the chemical supplements in the form of hormones, micronutrients or vitamins along with VC have a negative effect on the overall survival of plantlets. Conclusions: This study has indicated that by standardizing the technique, it is possible to develop the plants that respond to micropropagation in an economical way. Thus, the economical and the innovative technique implemented in this study significantly enhanced the production of the medicinal plant. Key words: Aqueous extract of vermicompost, Bacopa monnieri, bacoside, micropropagation, vermicompost extract.

Effect of vermicompost extracts on the in vitro micropropagation of Bacopa monnieri

Context: To study the effect of vermicompost (VC) extracts on micropropagation of Bacopa monnieri (Linn) Pennell. Aims: The aim was to develop low cost and economical tissue culture media for micropropagation using VC extracts. Settings and Design: VC and its extracts act as a plant growth promoting organic substitute containing humic substances. VC extracts were used as a low cost plant tissue culture media. Subjects and Methods: Aqueous extracts of VC (30%) supplemented with 8 g/L agar as the experimental media and Murashige and Skoog media was used as control to support the micropropagation of B. monnieri. Hardening of tissue cultured plantlets was carried out using VC and its spray in the medium of cocopeat. The well‐developed plantlets were transferred to the greenhouse and then into the field. Statistical Analysis Used: Student’s t‐test and Tukey’s studentized range (honest significant difference) test was considered for analyses of significance for various growth parameters such as development of roots, shoots, leaves, nodes, weight (in milligrams) and percentage survival of plantlets from nodal explants of B.monnieri to detect differences observed between the two media. Results: The results have indicated that the aqueous extract of VC is most suitable as a component of tissue culture media for well establishment of explants. And the VC extract with the chemical supplements in the form of hormones, micronutrients or vitamins along with VC have a negative effect on the overall survival of plantlets. Conclusions: This study has indicated that by standardizing the technique, it is possible to develop the plants that respond to micropropagation in an economical way. Thus, the economical and the innovative technique implemented in this study significantly enhanced the production of the medicinal plant. Key words: Aqueous extract of vermicompost, Bacopa monnieri, bacoside, micropropagation, vermicompost extract.

Effect of Vermicompost Extracts (Compost tea and Vermiwash) on the Vegetative Growth of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) Under Hydroponic Conditions

The use of biological inputs and organic materials to improve the quality of crops and increase production without extension of cultivated lands is a significant issue in hydroponics (soilless culture) culture. In order to evaluate of replacement of vermicompost extracts with chemical compounds in tomato hydroponics system, an experiment was conducted in equipped phytotron at the Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Razi University during 2011-13. A factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The bed of hydroponics phytotron composed of Perlite and Cocopeat. The factors included two cultivars of tomato (Synda & Newton), and four nutrient solution (manure vermiwash, mixed vermiwash, manure compost tea, mixed compost tea), with soil bed as control. The results showed that the effect of cultivar was significant for the traits: leaf number, stem height, leaf dry weight and total dry weight. Also the effect of nutrient solutions and interaction effect between variety and the nutrient solution (variety × solution) were significant for all traits except for root dry weight. The results of qualitative traits analysis of extracts showed that the effect of nutrient solutions for the elements of phosphorus and potassium was not significant but for the other elements there were significant difference at the 1%level of probability. The interaction effect of variety × nutrient solution for qualitative traits showed that the treatment of mixed compost tea, mixed vermiwash) had the highest value for both varieties of Synda and Newton. Furthermore, these results indicated that the factor of time for most traits was significant at the 1% level of probability.

Disease-Suppressive Vermicompost Induces a Shift in Germination Mode of Pythium aphanidermatum Zoosporangia.

Compost amendments to soils can minimize losses from soilborne plant pathogens, yet the mechanisms by which this occurs have not been well elucidated. In the present study, developmental responses of Pythium aphanidermatum zoosporangia to vermicomposts were observed to better understand how suppression of Pythium seedling disease is expressed. Mature zoosporangia were exposed to vermicompost extracts (VCEs) and monitored using time-lapse photomicroscopy. Sterile and nonsterile VCEs inhibited indirect germination and viable zoospore production whereas zoosporangia germinated directly in VCE to produce germ tubes. Additional treatments were tested to determine factors that promote direct over indirect germination. The pH (5 to 9 at 0.001 M) and ionic strength (0.1 to 0.0001 at pH 6) of potassium phosphate buffer did not alter zoosporogenesis compared with sterile water. Decreasing osmotic potentials in glucose and sucrose from -248 to -2,712 kPa or in polyethylene glycol 8000 from -0.335 to -105 kPa led to a decrease in indirect germination with a corresponding increase in direct germination. Significant levels of seed infection were observed within 1 h of exposure to zoospores (produced in sterile water) or to germ tubes (produced in sucrose solution). Our data demonstrate that VCEs suppress zoosporogenesis and stimulate direct germination; however, this did not result in the suppression of germ tube growth and seed infection.

Nutrient and enzymatic changes of hydrolysed tannery solid waste treated with epigeic earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae and phytotoxicity assessment on selected commercial crops

Animal fleshing (ANFL) is the predominant proteinaceous solid waste generated during processing of leather and it is confronting disposal problems. The aim of this study was to assess the potential of epigeic earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae to utilize and transform the fermented ANFL in the solid state (SSF) and submerged state (SmF) into a value added product along a low residence period (25days). A total of six treatment units containing different waste mixture compositions were established. Fifty healthy and non-clitellated earthworms were introduced in three different treatment containers: control, SSF, and SmF (+worm). Another set of treatment mixtures (control, SSF, SmF) was established without earthworms (-worm) to compare the results. The products were characterized for physico-chemical, enzymatic analysis and seedling growth parameters to compare the differences in the process with and without earthworms. The changes observed in the analytical parameters were in the following order: SSF > SmF > control mixtures (p < 0.05). The vermicompost showed a significant reduction in heavy metals, total organic carbon and an increase in total Kjeldhal nitrogen as compared to the product untreated by earthworms. The maximum enzymatic activities were observed after 21days of vermicomposting. The relative seed germination of vermicompost extracts were in the order of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) > green gram (Vigna radiata) > cucumber (Cucumis sativus) > bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl.) and showed no phytotoxicity effects. The results indicated that the combination of both ANFL hydrolysis through fermentation and vermicomposting is a good alternative to the management of this kind of waste.