Verbal Behavior Research Articles

Adolescent Verbal Violent Behavior and Emotional Intelligence: A Cross-Sectional Study

In today's world, verbal violence is a prevalent issue, especially among adolescents. Typically, the perpetrators are the victims' peers, and this can have detrimental effects on the victims, including a decrease in emotional intelligence. The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between peer verbal violence and emotional intelligence in adolescents. The study utilized a cross-sectional design and involved 120 teenage boarding school students, with a sample of 92 active adolescent students selected through simple random sampling. The research instruments included a bullying questionnaire (consisting of 12 questions) adapted from Tower and an emotional intelligence self-assessment tool (comprising 20 questions) adapted from Sterret. Data analysis was conducted using the Spearman Rank Test, which revealed a significant relationship (ρ value of 0.000) between peer verbal violence and emotional intelligence in adolescents. The study highlighted the adverse effects of peer verbal violent behaviour, such as hindering self-development, reducing empathy, and causing anxiety and shame, as well as potentially triggering similar violent behaviour by the perpetrator. As a result, it emphasizes the need for schools to take collaborative action to minimize violent verbal behaviour.

Analysis of the Use of Speech Act Theory in English Teachers' Language

The English curriculum standard emphasizes the cultivation of students' core literacy, which cannot be developed without the construction of language environment. Among the many elements affecting the efficiency of English teaching, teacher's discourse occupies an important position. Teachers' discourse has an important influence on the issuing of instructions, the construction of questions, the promotion of activities and the interaction with students in the English classroom. Therefore, based on verbal behavior theory, it is of great significance to explore teacher discourse in the English classroom to improve the teaching ability of English teachers, enhance students' learning efficiency, and realize the teaching goals with high quality.

Modification of ABA VB Therapy Methods with Pomodoro to Improve Verbal Communication in Autism Children

Autism is a pervasive developmental disorder in children characterized by disturbances and delays in cognitive, language, behavioral, and social interactions. Verbal Behavior approach is one of the methods of ABA which is used to increase desired behavior and reduce unwanted problems, while pomodoro is a timing technique. This article describes the implementation of an intervention program for children with autism, this program modifies ABA VB therapy and combines it with a timing technique, namely POMODORO. The author implemented the program for 4 meetings. At the first meeting until the fourth meeting there was an increase in the child's verbal ability although it was not so visible. The intervention program developed by the author had good results, because at the first meeting the results were already visible. This intervention should be done repeatedly or routinely so that children get used to it and get maximum results.

Testing intergroup contact theory through a natural experiment of randomized college roommate assignments in the United States.

Many colleges and universities seek to leverage the promise of intergroup contact theory by adopting housing policies that randomly assign first-year students to roommates, with the goal of increasing intergroup contact. Yet, it is unclear whether random roommate assignment policies increase cross-race contact, whether this (potentially involuntary, but sanctioned by authorities) contact improves racial attitudes or behaviors, or how these effects may differ for racial majority and minority students. The present studies used a natural experiment of random roommate assignment to directly test roommate relationship, attitudinal, and behavioral changes based on roommate race. Across three samples drawn from two student cohorts, the random assignment policy increased the likelihood that students had a cross-race roommate because without the policy, students tended to self-segregate by race. Moreover, selecting (Study 1) or being randomly assigned (Study 2) a cross-race roommate was associated with having more racial outgroup friends and demonstrating more positive verbal and nonverbal behavior during a novel cross-race interaction (Study 3). There were no roommate group (same vs. cross-race roommates) differences in relationship quality, and the results were largely independent of participant race. These findings suggest randomized roommate assignment is a promising avenue for universities to promote cross-race contact amid persistent racial segregation on college campuses with limited negative consequences for relationship quality. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Balancing Human Likeness in Social Robots: Impact on Children’s Lexical Alignment and Self-disclosure for Trust Assessment

While there is evidence that human-like characteristics in robots could benefit child-robot interaction in many ways, open questions remain about the appropriate degree of human likeness that should be implemented in robots to avoid adverse effects on acceptance and trust. This study investigates how human likeness, appearance and behavior, influence children’s social and competency trust in a robot. We first designed two versions of the Furhat robot with visual and auditory human-like and machine-like cues validated in two online studies. Secondly, we created verbal behaviors where human likeness was manipulated as responsiveness regarding the robot’s lexical matching. Then, 52 children (7-10 years old) played a storytelling game in a between-subjects experimental design. Results show that the conditions did not affect subjective trust measures. However, objective measures showed that human likeness affects trust differently. While low human-like appearance enhanced social trust, high human-like behavior improved children’s acceptance of the robot’s task-related suggestions. This work provides empirical evidence on manipulating facial features and behavior to control human likeness in a robot with a highly human-like morphology. We discuss the implications and importance of balancing human likeness in robot design and its impacts on task performance, as it directly impacts trust-building with children.

Improving structured interview acceptance through training

AbstractDespite having predictive validity above other selection methods, structured interviews are not always used. Using the Theory of Planned Behavior as a framework, this study examines the role of interview training in increasing structured interview acceptance (SIA). Based on a survey of 190 practitioners in the fields of Human Resources, I‐O Psychology, and other professionals who conduct employment interviews, our results show that not all interviewer training programs are equally effective in increasing SIA. While participation in formal interviewer training is related to SIA, SIA could be influenced more by incorporating certain training components, including training on how to avoid rating errors (r = .21), learning how to evaluate interview answers (r = .19), interview practice/roleplaying (r = .17), training on job analysis (r = .15), legal issues (r = .15), background and purpose of the interview (r = .13), job requirements for the position(s) being filled (r = .13), and a discussion about interview verbal and nonverbal behaviors to avoid (r = .13). Additionally, we found that training components display different relationship with SIA across our two sub‐samples. For example, in the MTurk sample (i.e., composed primarily from a managerial population) including job analysis, how to evaluate answers, and how to avoid rating errors correlated significantly with SIA. However, in the non‐MTurk sample (i.e., composed primarily from a HR professional population), interview practice/role playing, rapport building, use of a videotaped interview to guide instructions, and how to make decisions from interview data correlated significantly with SIA. This highlights the importance of training needs analysis to better understand the audience before training. We suggest that organizations incorporate the identified components into interviewer training to enhance the structured interviews acceptance and ensure that interviewers are more likely to implement structured interview techniques in practice.

Supplemental Material for Verbal Behavior and the Future of Social Science

Supplemental Material for Verbal Behavior and the Future of Social Science

EFEKTIVITAS PERATURAN DAERAH PROVINSI BALI NOMOR 1 TAHUN 2017 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN DAN PENGELOLAAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DALAM MENCEGAH PENCEMARAN AIR TANAH

Bali is a tourist destination that is favored by many domestic and foreign tourists. However, the high consumption activity of local people and tourists in the province produces quite a lot of waste generation. Based on data from the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK), the city of Denpasar produces 915.5 thousand tons of waste generation throughout 2021. This makes Bali the 8th largest waste-producing province in Indonesia. legal research that uses empirical facts taken from human behavior, both verbal behavior obtained from interviews and real behavior carried out through direct observation. Conclusion of the Effectiveness of Bali Province Regional Regulation Number 1 of 2017 Concerning Environmental Protection and Management in Preventing Groundwater Pollution in the Legal Area of ​​the Denpasar City Environment Service has not been effectively implemented, because based on data on public complaints and data on prosecution of violations there is still an increase from year to year, starting from 2019 to 2022, so it is proven that the enforcement that has been carried out so far has not provided a deterrent effect, because the authorized apparatus related to this Regional Regulation, especially the Civil Service Police Unit, has not been maximal in carrying out enforcement of Constraints and Efforts from the Denpasar City Environment Service in Preventing Groundwater Pollution in the City of Denpasar, namely the obstacle is the participation and supporting capacity of the community in protecting the environment, especially in the application of this Regional Regulation which has not been maximized, and because of the lack of facilities and infrastructure owned in carrying out investigations to detect sources of pollution

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Using Virtual Reality Interventions on Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a Psychopathic disorder characterized by abnormal communication and verbal behaviors. ASD is very common in children, affecting about 1 in 160 individuals, and the symptoms of this disorder appear before the age of three, and the main cause is still unknown. The effectiveness of this technology on the abilities required for people with ASD to communicate in a social setting has been the subject of several systematic and comprehensive studies. Methods: A systematic review by searching in PubMed, EMBASE and CINAHL for publications was conducted from 1 January 2012 to 30 May 2021 involving use of virtual reality interventions on children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder in which autism, autism spectrum disorder, ASD, virtual reality, VR keywords were utilized. Three reviewers independently investigated search results for inclusion in analysis and resolved disagreements by consensus. Results: Literature research of databases specifies a total of 808 records. According to the abstract and the full text of the studies, after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria and eliminating duplicates and screening articles, 15 articles were selected for final review based on the PICO criteria (population, intervention, comparison and results). The studies focused on the five topics of emotion and social interaction, social communication, daily life skills, specific fears and anxieties, physical activity, and attention. Conclusion: According to reports, the findings rightly claim that the use of virtual reality technologies not only improves the social and communication skills of children with ASD, but also provides them with an engaging and enjoyable experience. Moreover, Parents indicated high satisfaction with VR applications and this technology can contain many benefits in the treatment of ASD.

Description of Self-Control, Fanaticism and Verbal Aggressive Behavior Among K-pop Fans on Twitter

Description of Self-Control, Fanaticism and Verbal Aggressive Behavior Among K-pop Fans on Twitter

Development of Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors from 2-19: Stability and Change in Repetitive Sensorimotor, Insistence on Sameness, and Verbal Behaviors in a Longitudinal Study of Autism.

This study examined trajectories of repetitive sensorimotor (RSM), insistence on sameness (IS), and verbal RRBs from ages 2-19 in a well-characterized longitudinal cohort. We also tested the factor structure of the ADI-R restricted and repetitive behavior (RRB) domain at age 19 and the inclusion of a verbal RRBs factor, in addition to previously identified RSM and IS factors, at ages 9 and 19. The ADI-R was administered to 193 participants at five timepoints from 2 to 19. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to examine the factor structure of ADI-R RRB data. Change in RRB subtypes was examined using group-based trajectory modeling and multilevel modeling. RSM and IS behaviors generally decreased from 2 to 19, with some participants experiencing increases from ages 2-9. 46.46% of participants experienced increasing verbal RRBs from 2 to 9, followed by a plateau from 9 to 19. The remaining participants had few to no verbal RRBs throughout development. Multilevel modeling indicated ADOS CSS scores were associated with change in RSM trajectories only. Child IQ was not associated with change in any RRB trajectories. CFA indicated previously-derived RSM and IS factors fit age 19 ADI-R data well. The inclusion of a third factor, verbal RRBs, worsened goodness-of-fit statistics and was ultimately omitted. Our findings suggest the RRB factor structure of the ADI remains consistent into early adulthood and illustrate developmental continuity and change in RRBs. For autistic individuals with fluent speech, RRB presentation may be influenced by verbal ability in ways that are highly variable, but clinically meaningful.

Counsellors' verbal behaviours and skills that elicit participants' change or sustain talk in virtual motivational interviewing for physical activity among older adults.

Exploring the influence of counsellors' verbal behaviours on participants' utterances in virtual motivational interviewing (MI) could broaden our understanding of how MI works. This study aims to determine counsellors' behaviours that are more or less likely than chance to elicit participants' change talk and sustain talk during a virtual MI intervention to promote physical activity among older adults. A sequential analysis was used to examine the transitional probability between the counsellors' and participants' behaviours. Thirty-five MI sessions were analysed from the virtual motivational interviewing (VIMINT) trial. MI-consistent behaviours (MICO) were significantly more likely than chance to be followed by change talk, sustain talk and follow/neutral talk. MI-inconsistent behaviours (MIIN) were more likely than chance to be followed by change talk, and 'other' counsellors' behaviours were more likely than chance to be followed by change talk and follow/neutral talk. In conclusion, all three types of counsellors' behaviours elicited change talk. This study re-emphasizes the link between MICO, change and sustain talk. The influence of MIIN and 'other' behaviours on change talk needs to be explored further. This study has implications for MI training and the need for counsellors to continuously develop skills or behaviours consistent with MI principles.

Convergent and Discriminant Validity of the Verbal Behavior Milestones Assessment and Placement Program (VB-MAPP) and the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS).

Behavior analysts frequently use the Verbal Behavior Milestones Assessment and Placement Program (VB-MAPP) to assess the language and social skills of children with autism in everyday practice and in research. Despite the widespread use of the VB-MAPP, its psychometric characteristics have not been extensively investigated. To provide information about its convergent validity, we calculated correlations between scores earned by 235 children with autism on the VB-MAPP and the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale (VABS), a commonly used assessment with good reliability and validity. We obtained moderate or strong positive correlations between the VB-MAPP Milestones score and VABS Communication, Socialization, and Daily Living Skills subdomains. There was also a strong positive correlation between the VB-MAPP Milestones score and VABS overall raw score. These findings suggest that the VB-MAPP Milestones Assessment measures aspects of social and communicative behavior comparable to those indexed by these VABS subdomains which, like prior findings, supports the use of the Milestones Assessment. No significant relationship was observed between the VB-MAPP Barriers score and the VABS Internalizing, Externalizing, or overall Maladaptive Behavior scores. These findings, like prior findings, question the value of the VB-MAPP's Barriers Assessment as a measure of maladaptive behavior.

Dampak Bullying Verbal Terhadap Menurunnya Rasa Percaya Diri

This research aims to analyze the impact of bullying on students' self-confidence. This research uses a literature review method to collect, identify, evaluate and interpret articles related to the impact of verbal bullying behavior on self-confidence. The data used comes from the results of research that has been conducted and published. Researchers use publish or perish found directly into Google Scholar search to search for relevant journals. The systematic review was carried out using the PRISMA (Preferred international for systematic and metaanalysis) procedure, which consists of identification, screening, eligibility and inclusion. The impact of verbal bullying activities is a decrease in self-confidence. Self-confidence is an attitude in assessing a person's self and their confidence and ability to do something according to their abilities. The characteristics of decreased self-confidence are feeling anxious, low self-esteem, tending to always be silent, and feeling insecure. To overcome bullying, socialization is needed for students to report bullying to teachers and parents, as well as helping to increase students' self-confidence.

Instructor verbal immediacy in the EFL classroom: Does it matter?

Teaching English in a monolingual context is often daunting for many EFL instructors and teachers. Studies have shown that instructors are pivotal in driving students' learning motivation. However, how EFL instructors teach, including how their verbal immediacy behavior impacts learners, often goes unnoticed. Instructor verbal immediacy is a significant factor in motivating learners to learn, especially in the EFL classroom. This paper presents findings investigating the relationship between instructor verbal immediacy behaviors and learner-state motivation in an EFL classroom in China. A cross-sectional survey design was used to gather data among undergraduates majoring in English at a public university in Southeast China. The results showed that EFL instructors displayed medium to high levels of verbal immediacy and that EFL instructors' verbal immediacy behaviors exhibited a significant correlation with EFL learners' state motivation. The findings also revealed the two verbal immediacy behaviors as significant predictors of EFL learning motivation: using humor in class and praising students' work, actions, or comments. Therefore, instructor verbal immediacy behaviors should be effectively integrated into EFL pedagogy to enhance EFL students' language learning motivation.

Analyzing the Functional Interdependence of Verbal Behavior with Multiaxial Radar Charts

The functional analysis of complex verbal behavior requires an evaluation of topographically similar responses under multiple sources of control. Traditional graphical displays of behavior were designed to show the manipulation of isolated controlling variables and may not be amenable to displaying the multidimensional properties of complex behavior. Researchers have recently demonstrated the use of multiaxial radar charts for comparing the functional performance of biological systems. Here we extend the use of multidimensional analyses to compare the relative performance distributions of verbal behavior across four potential controlling variables. First, we provide a conceptual analysis of intraverbal and extraverbal control as continua along which stimuli range from formal to thematic and explain how the intersection of these stimulus fields creates a radar chart for multidimensional analysis. Then we demonstrate how data may be gathered through a verbal operant experimental analysis. We employed repeated measures to map the conditioning history of a child with autism spectrum disorder across 2 years of early intensive behavioral intervention and analyzed the results using shape descriptors for quantitative comparisons. We also compared the polygonal language profiles of children with autism against that of a neurotypical peer. Extending a multidimensional analysis to the field of verbal behavior provides the basis for a language growth chart that researchers and clinicians can use to monitor language acquisition over time. We discuss the use of radar charts as a framework for understanding the interdependence of verbal operants and suggest their use for complex analyses of complex verbal behavior.

Examining the Relationship Between Fanatic Levels of Football Fans and Verbal, Physical and Cyberbullying Behaviors

This research; It was conducted to examine the verbal, physical and cyber bullying behaviors of football fans according to their level of fanaticism. General survey model, one of the descriptive methods, was used in the research. The study group of the study consists of 417 football fans determined by random sampling method for the supporters of the 4 big teams in the Turkish Football Federation super league in the 2020-2021 football season. Research data; To determine the level of fanaticism of football fans, Taşmektepligil et al. (2015) developed the football fanaticism scale, and the verbal physical and cyberbullying behaviors of sports spectators scale developed by Karaca (2019) were used to measure the verbal bullying, physical bullying and cyberbullying behaviors of sports spectators. The SPSS.20 analysis program was used to analyze the data of the study, and ANOVA test and correlation analysis were conducted to examine the relationship between football fans' level of fanaticism and their bullying behavior. When the findings of the research are examined; It is seen that there is a significant relationship between football fans' tendency to think and act towards violence and their verbal, physical, and cyber bullying behaviors. As a result, it can be said that the verbal, physical and cyber bullying behaviors of football fans increase as the tendency to think and act towards violence increases.

The application of graphic language personalized emotion in graphic design

Emotion Recognition is the experience of attitude in graphic language expression and composition. People use both verbal and non-verbal behaviours to communicate their emotions. Visual communication and graphic design are always evolving to meet the demands of an increasingly affluent and culturally conscious populace. When graphic designing works, designers should consider their own opinions about related works from the audience's or customer's standpoint so that the emotion between them can resonate. Hence, this study proposes a personalized emotion recognition framework based on convolutional neural networks (PERF-CNN) to create visual content for graphic design. Graphic designers prioritize the logic of showing objects in interactive designs and use visual hierarchy and page layout approaches to respond to users' demands via typography and imagery. This ensures that the user experience is maximized. This research identifies three tiers of emotional thinking: expressive signal, emotional experience, and emotional infiltration, all of which affect graphic design. This article explores the subject of graphic design language and its ways of emotional recognition, as well as the relationship between graphic images, shapes, and feelings. CNN initially extracted expressive features from the user's face images and the poster's visual information. The clustering process categorizes the poster or advertisement images into positive, negative, and neutral classes. Research and applications of graphic design language benefit from the proposed method's experimental results, demonstrating that it outperforms conventional classification approaches in the dataset. In comparison to other popular models, the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed PERF-CNN model improves each of the following: classification accuracy (97.4 %), interaction ratio (95.6 %), emotion recognition ratio (98.9 %), rate of influence of pattern and colour features (94.4 %), and prediction error rate (6.5 %).

Neuroplasticity of children in autism spectrum disorder.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that encompasses a range of symptoms including difficulties in verbal communication, social interaction, limited interests, and repetitive behaviors. Neuroplasticity refers to the structural and functional changes that occur in the nervous system to adapt and respond to changes in the external environment. In simpler terms, it is the brain's ability to learn and adapt to new environments. However, individuals with ASD exhibit abnormal neuroplasticity, which impacts information processing, sensory processing, and social cognition, leading to the manifestation of corresponding symptoms. This paper aims to review the current research progress on ASD neuroplasticity, focusing on genetics, environment, neural pathways, neuroinflammation, and immunity. The findings will provide a theoretical foundation and insights for intervention and treatment in pediatric fields related to ASD.

Behavioral Analysis of Suspects

Behavioral analysis is a method used in conducting a targeted interview with suspects, where the ultimate goal is to obtain reliable information. The main task of the behavioral analysis is to distinguish the sincere from the insincere subject on the basis of their behavior. It can also be used by experts as a preliminary interview, during which the verbal, non-verbal and para-verbal behavior of the subject is analyzed. It is also very useful in screening procedures, in which there is lack of sufficient information in relation to the specific case at hand, and at the same time there are many suspects. This article presents the essence of behavioral analysis, basic guidelines for the procedure of conducting it, and a comparative analysis of the reactions of sincere and insincere suspects.