Venture Capital Research Articles

A STUDY ON IMPACT OF POP-UP ADVERTISEMENTS IN CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO NEW HOPE FOOD INDUSTRIES PRIVATE LIMITED

Advertisements have been used for many years to influence the buying behaviours of the consumers. In today’s liberalized and globalized Indian economy, the utmost concern of advertisers is that of making advertising effective. Knowing about advertising effectiveness is very important for the marketers as large sums of money are poured into advertising. Now-a-days social media has created a huge buzz. On professional front, it has been widely used for acquiring markets by new business ventures. Many established organizations are undergoing operational change in their traditional practices in order to adapt to this online environment for promoting their products and services globally. The purpose of this research is to construct a scale to assess the efficacy of advertising effectiveness by pop ups in Indian market. The study therefore explores the influence of online advertising, especially popup ads on the purchase behaviour of social media users. This particular research was conducted on the unknown people to check the influence of pop ups while accessing internet on their buying behaviour while creating the awareness and building the perceptions. Both of these variables such as consumer awareness and consumer perceptions will motivate the consumer to buy a certain product, as there is a positive relationship present in between them. Keywords: Pop-Up Advertisement, Consumer Buying Behaviour, Effective Advertising, Online Advertising

EXAMINING THE DETERMINANTS OF VENTURE CAPITAL INVESTMENT SUCCESS IN START UP COMPANIES

The Indian startup scene has witnessed an unparalleled upsurge in recent times, garnering interest from both local and global quarters. The plethora of creative concepts, in conjunction with a favorable legislative framework and heightened accessibility to venture capital (VC) funds, has driven India to the forefront of the global startup investment landscape. In this ever-changing environment, it is imperative that researchers, practitioners, and policymakers alike focus on understanding the factors that influence venture capital investment success in Indian businesses. Especially in its early phases of development, venture capital, a type of private equity funding, is essential to the development and expansion of startups. In contrast to conventional funding options like public ownership or bank loans, venture capital offers not just cash but also industry contacts, mentorship, and strategic advice—all of which are crucial tools for start-up companies navigating the cutthroat business world. As such, the success or failure of venture capital investments has important ramifications for wider economic growth and innovation ecosystems, in addition to investors and entrepreneurs. With initiatives covering a wide range of industries, including technology, e-commerce, healthcare, finance, and agriculture, among others, India's startup environment is distinguished by its diversity and energy. The Indian startup scene is characterized by a diverse range of innovative and ambitious ventures, ranging from social enterprises tackling urgent societal concerns to disruptive technology firms upending conventional wisdom. But below all of this excitement are intricate dynamics and difficulties that influence how venture capital investments turn out. A variety of internal and external factors that interact in complex ways make up the multiple and multifactorial drivers of venture capital investment success in Indian businesses. The attractiveness of investment prospects and their potential for yielding returns are influenced by market factors, such as market size, growth potential, and competitive environment. Investors consider the caliber and competencies of the management team, which consists of executives, founders, and other important individuals, while determining the feasibility and expandability of businesses.

Financial warning for coal mining investments: Evidence from the fruit fly optimisation algorithm with backpropagation neural networks

Venture capital firms may be unable to withstand the high investments and risks associated with coal mining exploration due to limitations in the funding scale. Risk control capability is also a challenge for venture capital companies. Finding a balance between high-risk and high-return coal mining exploration projects is a problem that venture capital companies must face. We propose a financial risk-warning model for coal mining investment enterprises based on the fruit fly optimisation algorithm (FOA) with the backpropagation neural network (BPNN). The fusion of standardised and dimensionless sample data through factor analysis reduces the input dimension of the BPNN and improves its stability. The financial warning algorithm of the model has been effectively validated through experiments. The research results indicate that its accuracy has reached a high level of financial warning, reaching a level of 95%.

Entrepreneurial approaches: A comparative study of Thai and swiss business founders

This paper aims to analyze (1) the entrepreneurial approaches of decision-makers in SMEs, specifically exploring whether they apply principles of causation or effectuation when establishing new business ventures, and (2) it delves into contextual studies to explore the influence of national cultural values on decision-making approaches in SMEs regarding whether Thai and Swiss entrepreneurs apply the principles of causation or effectuation in establishing new business ventures differently. Specifically, it investigates whether entrepreneurs from Thailand and Switzerland, two countries with significant cultural differences according to Hofstede's cultural value dimensions (Hofstede, 1998; 2011), exhibit variations in their approaches and the underlying principles they utilize in the venture creation process.Forty-six in-depth interviews were conducted. The findings reveal that entrepreneurs from both countries tend to blend elements of effectual and causal reasoning when establishing their ventures. They focus on leveraging available resources to evaluate potential business opportunities, establish valuable partnerships and collaborations, and emphasize the importance of social networks, particularly with family and friends.The findings indicate that the national cultural context influences entrepreneurs’ preferences on causal and/or effectual reasoning applied to launching and growing new ventures. Thai entrepreneurs exhibited a stronger orientation toward achieving financial results, embracing unexpected opportunities while being open to risks, and placing a greater emphasis on maximizing anticipated returns on investment. In contrast, Swiss entrepreneurs considered the concept of affordable losses as an integral part of their decision-making process.

Tax Incentive and Venture Capital Fundraising

This study examines the determinants of fundraising of venture capital firms in South Korea, with a focus on the effects of tax incentives. Specifically, we investigate how macroeconomic factors, general partner (GP) characteristics, and changes in tax incentives affect venture capital fundraising at both the industry and GP level, using a novel dataset from the Disclosure Information of Venture Capital Analysis (DIVA). To isolate the effect of tax incentives, we consider as a treatment variable an increase in income tax deductions for individual venture capital fund investors in 2018 and estimate its effect on venture capital fundraising. The results show that the treatment group has a significantly higher probability of raising funds and raising a higher number and amount of funds than the control group has after 2018. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to examine the determinants of venture capital fundraising in South Korea and to empirically demonstrate the effect of tax incentives on venture capital fundraising.

The Relationship between Startup Incubator Development and Venture Capital Investment on Digital Economic Growth in Indonesia

This study examines the relationship between startup incubator development, venture capital investment, and digital economy growth in Indonesia through quantitative analysis. Utilizing a survey method, data was collected from stakeholders in the Indonesian startup ecosystem. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis was conducted to analyze the data and test the hypotheses. The results reveal significant positive relationships between startup incubator development, venture capital investment, and digital economy growth. These findings underscore the pivotal roles of startup incubators and venture capital in fostering digital innovation and economic development in Indonesia, providing valuable insights for policymakers, investors, and entrepreneurs aiming to nurture the growth of the digital economy.

SWOT analysis of green building systems in real estate development

Sustainable and green facts are important for leaving a healthy environment for future generations. These facts are like sustainable development, sustainable city, green building, green economy, and so on. Green building is an innovative solution to sustainable urban planning problems. In this study, green building, sustainability, development processes are examined, and the opportunities and threats of green buildings with their strengths and weaknesses are determined by SWOT analysis. Besides, the construction cost and energy savings of a green building are compared to the traditional building. As a result of SWOT analysis, besides its significant strengths such as sustainability of green buildings, low energy consumption, and independence of energy consumption, high initial investment cost was determined as the most critical weakness. The increase in building values and the emergence of new business ventures are considered opportunities for green buildings, and the perception of green buildings as luxury is considered a threat. Ultimately, this study reveals the critical significance of transitioning towards sustainable construction practices, supported by compelling numerical evidence. Despite the initial higher investment costs, green buildings exhibit substantial long-term benefits, with the construction costs of the LEED gold-certified building calculated at 31,798,854.3 ₺ and the platinum-certified building at 32,390,841.0 ₺ in January 2024. Notably, energy savings of 47.7% and 61.6% were projected for the gold and platinum-certified buildings, respectively.

The New Risk and Return of Venture Capital

The New Risk and Return of Venture Capital

Exploring the Impact of Government Venture Capital (GVC) on Private Venture Capital (PVC) Investment Choices in China's Semiconductor Industry

Can government venture capital (GVC) change the investment choice of private venture capital (PVC) to fulfill its political mission? Most of the previous literatures on GVC and PVC focus on the post venture capital (VC), while there are few studies on the impact of GVC on PVC before venture capital investment. This phenomenon is more obvious in previous studies with China as the research background. Based on the background of China's semiconductor industry, which is strongly supported by the Chinese government, this paper studies whether GVC can affect the investment niche and venture capital investment mode of PVC. Through empirical analysis of the VC data of semiconductor industry in Anhui, Beijing, Jiangsu and Guangdong provinces from 2012 to 2022, I found that in the semiconductor venture capital market of the above four provinces and cities, GVC effectively played a role of leverage and effectively attracted PVC to invest in the semiconductor industry. And as the number of semiconductor GVC data as a percentage of all semiconductor VC data continues to decline year after year, PVC is more inclined to invest in semiconductor R&D firms, and more inclined to invest the firms whose location has served as a target region for government semiconductor related guided funds, and the investment form of PVC is more inclined to syndicate investment with government venture capitalists. It can be said that GVC has effectively influenced the investment decisions of PVC and fulfilled its political mission of promoting the independence of technology and production in China's semiconductor industry.

Social Capital and Cross-Border Venture Capital Investments in China

In the context of the Chinese market, foreign cross-border venture capitalists have devised specific strategies to mitigate the challenges associated with the liabilities of foreignness, such as risks and information asymmetry. They have strategically leveraged social capital to not only decrease investment risk but also to influence their investment preferences and behaviors. To investigate the influence of different types of social capital on the investment decisions of cross-border venture capitalists, hypotheses are proposed and tested using regression analysis. Our research reveals several key findings in this regard. Firstly, cross-border venture capitalists with a robust structural social capital network exhibit a greater propensity to invest in early-stage companies. This suggests that well-established connections and partnerships within the Chinese entrepreneurial ecosystem provide a level of comfort and confidence when investing in ventures at their infancy. Interestingly, relational and cognitive social capital, though undoubtedly valuable, do not significantly impact the decision to make early-stage investments. Furthermore, we have observed that venture capitalists with higher levels of structural and cognitive social capital are more inclined to form syndications. Collaborative partnerships and shared knowledge networks seem to be crucial factors that drive syndication decisions. Lastly, venture capitalists endowed with substantial structural and relational social capital tend to allocate larger investment amounts, signifying the influence of business or personal relationships and network connections on the scale of their investments.

International Trade Partner Selection Model and Its Influencing Factors Based on Machine Learning

Iinternational trade partner selection model and its influencing factors based on machine learning represents a significant advancement in global business strategies. By harnessing the capabilities of machine learning algorithms, this model analyzes a multitude of variables such as market trends, economic indicators, and partner attributes to identify optimal trade partners for businesses. Factors such as geographical proximity, market stability, and cultural compatibility are incorporated into the model to provide data-driven insights into partner selection decisions. This paper investigates the application of Stacked Random Field Machine Learning (SRF-ML) in the domain of international trade partner selection. The selection of suitable trade partners is a crucial aspect of global trade operations, influencing the efficiency and success of business ventures. Traditional approaches to partner selection often rely on subjective assessments or simplistic models, which may overlook important factors and lead to suboptimal decisions. In contrast, SRF-ML offers a powerful framework for analyzing complex datasets and making informed predictions about partner suitability. Through the integration of multiple layers of random field models, SRF-ML can effectively capture intricate relationships between various attributes and provide more accurate assessments of partner compatibility. In this paper explore the performance of SRF-ML models across different datasets and scenarios, considering factors such as market size, economic stability, and logistical capability. The results demonstrate the superior performance of SRF-ML compared to traditional machine learning approaches, highlighting its potential to revolutionize partner selection processes in the realm of international trade. The results demonstrate the superior performance of SRF-ML compared to traditional machine learning approaches, with accuracy improvements ranging from 5% to 10%. By leveraging advanced feature sets and model configurations, SRF-ML enables decision-makers to make more informed and strategic decisions, ultimately enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of global trade operations.

A Brief Analysis of the Influence of Venture Capital on Pioneering Enterprises

This paper mainly discusses the impact of venture capital on entrepreneurial firms. At the moment, venture capital is a very favorable source of capital for many start-ups. At the same time, the joining of venture capital is an opportunity as well as a challenge to the start-up enterprises. This article from the venture capital to the venture enterprise development influence, the venture capital follow-up management to the venture enterprise influence and the venture capital withdrawal to the venture enterprise and so on three aspects analysis, aims to provide some references for the entrepreneur, thus promotes the venture enterprise better, faster development.

Geographical distance, investment strategies and performance of venture capital: evidence from Chinese enterprises

ABSTRACT A growing body of evidence suggests that geographical distance plays an important role for venture capital (VC) investment. This study explores whether and how the geographical distance between the lead VC firms (VCFs) and the invested entrepreneurial firms (IEFs) influences the investment strategies of VCFs and their performance. The results show: (1) The geographical distance has a significant positive effect on the performance of VC investments. (2) As distance increases, lead VCFs will tend to be conservative on investments by improving project screening criteria and adopting syndication strategies and multiple-rounds of staged financing, which can dramatically improve the successful exit from the invested projects. This study has useful theory and policy implications for VCFs, entrepreneurial firms and local governments.

PERBANDINGAN PERAN SUMBER PERMODALAN SEBAGAI PENGUATAN USAHA MIKRO KECIL MENENGAH (UMKM) SEBELUM DAN SELAMA COVID-19 (2018 S.D 2021)

The Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have become one of Indonesia's economic sectors affected by Covid-19. The capital sources for MSMEs before and during COVID-19 (2018 to 2021) have presented two distinct situations, which we address in this study. The research aims to analyze the differing situations regarding the primary capital sources for MSMEs before and during COVID-19 (2018 to 2021). The research methodology involves a qualitative literature review utilizing data from articles on Google Scholar between 2018 and 2021 using the keyword "MSME capital sources," totalling 50 articles before and during COVID-19. The findings reveal that MSMEs, in the two situations, have distinct focuses on capital sources. Before COVID-19, MSMEs primarily relied on Banking Institutions for capital, while during COVID-19, they shifted focus towards non-banking institutions such as Fintech, Baitul Maalwat Tamwil, Venture Capital, Government, Personal Funds, Pawnshops, Credit Institutions, Cooperatives, State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN), and Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes). Furthermore, the role of funding from both banking and non-banking sources is crucial in supporting the sustainability of MSMEs.

Estimating spatial autoregressions under heteroskedasticity without searching for instruments

This paper proposes estimating higher-order spatial autoregressions with spatial autoregressive errors and heteroskedastic error innovations without searching for instruments by explicitly exploiting the endogeneity of spatial lags in the outcome and error equations. The resulting estimator is shown to be consistent and asymptotically normal. Monte Carlo experiments demonstrate that it possesses better finite-sample properties than existing estimators. An empirical study of venture capital funding for biotechnology firms illustrates that spatial correlation stretches as far as 20 miles and that the number of venture capital firms in close proximity has stronger impact on the level of funding than as reported in an existing study.

Africa–Asia: a tale of worldmaking between alterity and contestation

Abstract Is South-South Cooperation providing a path of alterity for Global South states or is it indelibly caught in extractive and exploitative competition over resources and markets? Do Chinese engagements in the Global South increase African agency? Do they compete with or undermine Western-led Liberal International Order norms and standards? There is now a robust scholarship examining the failures and trepidations of the Liberal International Order especially from the vantage point of Global South perspectives. This scholarship sheds light, among other things, on the threat posed to the existing order by emerging powers engaging in South-South cooperation. Yet, despite the anxiety (or excitement) around South-South cooperation as an alternative to the liberal order, the question remains one of substance and concrete outcomes on whether the global order as we know it is being challenged or reinforced by emerging powers. This article argues for the need to look beyond the state as the main focus of analysis and interrogate the mechanisms, processes, and strategies undertaken by a wide array of actors engaging in South-South Cooperation. The article surveys African Affairs scholarship which takes a granular analysis of these dynamics on the ground from the perspectives of enterprises, agents, private business ventures and so on from China, India, and Brazil and how they navigate their engagements with African counterparts.

How Karmic Beliefs and Belief in Just World Interact to Activate Social Entrepreneurial Intentions: A Polynomial Regression with Response Surface Analysis

Little is known about how religious beliefs (i.e. karmic beliefs and beliefs in a just world) can active individuals’ social entrepreneurship. Integrating the justice motive theory within stimulus-organism-response framework, our study aims to explore the individual, complementary, congruent, and incongruent impacts of karmic beliefs and belief in a just world on social entrepreneurial intention as well as the mediation role of empathy and moral obligation in this relationship. Using a sample of 401 individuals and employing polynomial regression with response surface analysis, findings indicate that karmic beliefs and belief in a just world serve as significant stimuli which not only inspire empathic and moral organisation, but indirectly reinforce individuals’ social entrepreneurial intentions. Moreover, high levels of both karmic beliefs and beliefs in a just world can enhance organisms (empathy and moral obligation), and behavioural responses (social entrepreneurial intentions), but imbalanced levels of these beliefs erode such organisms and responses. Some practical implications have been recommended to foster social business ventures based on the findings of the current study.

Venture capital and stock price informativeness: Evidence from China

AbstractThis study shows that, unlike the positive role played by other institutional investors documented in the literature, venture capital (VC) in pursuit of short‐term gains through exit strategies reduces the stock price informativeness of portfolio companies, especially when VC is associated with a higher level of the ability (longer‐term VC directors, large VC syndicate), incentive (private VC sponsors), and willingness (less reputable VCs) to manipulate information. Furthermore, internal and external monitoring helps mitigate the negative impact of VC on stock price informativeness. Finally, earnings management and reduced information disclosure mediate the relationship between VC involvement and stock price informativeness.

Micro-angel investments of men and women: The role of institutions

Informal investments are a key source of financing for startups. In this research article, I focus on how institutional weakness can impact informal investments of male and female micro angels. To this end, I rely on information from more than 50,000 individuals from 88 countries who provided funding to family and relatives, acquaintances (co-workers, friends or neighbors), and strangers with good business ideas during 2014–2018. I conclude that weak institutions may decrease the likelihood that women will become micro-angel investors. However, weak institutions may encourage men and, to a lesser extent, women to invest in business ventures of acquaintances and strangers, as opposed to those of extended family. Robustness checks involving cultural dimensions and gender equality confirm these findings. Furthermore, statistical evidence shows that the decisions of whether to become a micro angel and how much to invest are independent.

The rapacious ambivalence of VC investment: Venture capital, value capture, and the valorization of crisis

Abstract This article explores venture capital (VC) as a means and process of accumulating future social necessity. It explores the mechanisms of growth that make VC-backed firms distinct. I argue that a distinctive feature of surplus value capture through VC is valorization via socially necessary contracted space-time, a corrective to Marx’s theorization of socially necessary labor time, which appears incomplete in the context of VC. First, extending Marx’s general formula for capital, I develop a general formula for VC, demonstrating how the VC investment upends traditional theories of capitalist accumulation. Second, I argue that VC invests in firms seeking to capture ‘human capital’ resources and uncapitalized market ‘space’ (noncapitalist social logics of exchange) with the aim of achieving ‘product-market fit’. Third, I demonstrate how time and space are contracted under the VC process as a value capture (VC) mechanism relating to future social necessity. VC is, I argue, about accumulating today what we will all need to be consuming tomorrow, just to keep up with social norms. Finally, I explore how the valorization of crisis (VC) demonstrates the accumulation of future social necessity in practice. I conclude with thoughts concerning the possibility of alternatives beyond the overdetermined rapacity of ‘VC’.