The phyletic relationships both between and within many of tardigrade genera have been barely studied and they remain obscure. Amongst them is the cosmopolitanBryodelphax, one of the smallest in terms of body size echiniscid genera. The analysis of newly-found populations and species from the Mediterranean region and from South-East Asia gave us an opportunity to present the first phylogeny of this genus, which showed that phenotypic traits used in classicalBryodelphaxtaxonomy do not correlate with their phyletic relationships. In contrast, geographic distribution of the analysed species suggests their limited dispersal abilities and seems to be a reliable predictor of phylogenetic affinities within the genus. Moreover, we describe three new species of the genus.Bryodelphax australasiaticussp. nov., by having the ventral plate configuration VII:4-4-2-4-2-2-1, is a new member of theweglarskaegroup with a wide geographic range extending from the Malay Peninsula through the Malay Archipelago to Australia.Bryodelphax decoratussp. nov.from Central Sulawesi (Celebes) also belongs to theweglarskaegroup (poorly visible ventral plates VII:4-2-2-4-2-2-1) and is closely related to the recently describedBryodelphax arenosusGąsiorek, 2018, but is differentiated from the latter by well-developed epicuticular granules on the dorsum. Finally, a new dioecious species,Bryodelphax nigripunctatussp. nov., is described from Mallorca and, by the reduced ventral armature (II/III:2-2-(1)), it resemblesBryodelphax maculatusGąsiorek et al., 2017. The latter species, known so far only from northern Africa, is recorded from Europe for the first time. A taxonomic key to the genus members is also presented.