Vehicles In India Research Articles

Enabling sustainable freight transport with longer, heavier vehicles in India

This groundbreaking study focuses on understanding the environmental impacts of longer, heavier vehicles (LHVs) in India's transportation system. Through a comprehensive life cycle assessment using the OpenLCA program and ecoinvent database, the research reveals that LHVs have lower negative life cycle impacts than conventional trucks. Increasing the modal share of LHVs by 40% in India's road freight transportation significantly reduces the overall environmental harm compared to the current freight transport mix. Additionally, the study demonstrates that even without market expansion, a 40% increase in LHVs' presence leads to a remarkable 12% reduction in global warming effects. The findings emphasize LHVs' potential as a sustainable and eco-friendly solution for India's freight transportation while highlighting the need for infrastructure development to capitalize on these benefits fully. Although the study acknowledges limitations related to data sources, it offers valuable insights into shaping a greener and more efficient transport system for the nation's future.

Fugitive road dust particulate matter emission inventory for India: A field campaign in 32 Indian cities

This research delves into the pivotal issue of road dust emissions and their profound ramifications on air quality across diverse regions of India. In pursuit of this objective, the study initiated a comprehensive field campaign to estimate silt loading (sL) values and evaluate the distribution of vehicles at 259 locations spanning 32 Indian cities. Remarkable disparities in sL values were observed across different road types and states. Notably, sites in Rajasthan, characterized by its arid Aravalli range and industrial activities, emerged as stark outliers, exhibiting significantly elevated sL values (up to 137 g/m2) compared to their counterparts. The regional analysis goes further to elucidate the relation between climatic conditions, topography, and silt loading. As a broader trend, roads in North India have higher sL values in contrast to those in South India.Further, a comprehensive particulate matter road dust emission inventory for the entire India in the year 2022 was developed using the vehicle registration data from 1352 road transport offices nationwide, in conjunction with the data from the field campaign concerning sL values and vehicle counts. Specific states such as Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Gujarat emerged as the predominant contributors to road dust emissions. These states not only exhibit elevated sL values, but also account for a substantial proportion of the total registered vehicles in India, thereby underscoring the pressing imperative for effective mitigation measures. Weather Research and Forecasting coupled with chemistry (WRF-Chem) simulations, using this emission inventory, reveal that PM2.5 concentrations stemming from road dust exceed the World Health Organization guidelines in 55 % of the states across India. Further analysis delineates that more than 10,000 lives are annually lost due to PM2.5 pollution attributable to road dust in India, with the potential to salvage 10 % of these lives by paving all roads throughout the country.

Life cycle assessment study on glove box assembly of Indian passenger vehicles

The automotive sector is one of the major greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions contributors and it accounts for around 17% of the total GHG emissions across the world. Most of these passenger vehicles in India are sub-4-meter vehicles hence, it becomes important to analyze the environmental impacts of these vehicles. Even though emissions are a major contributor to GHG emissions, the interiors are also one of the major contributors to GHG emissions during the life cycle of a passenger vehicle. The Glove box contributes significantly to the interior consideration. The present study focuses on analyzing the environmental impacts of a glove box with multiple option scenarios using the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology in accordance with ISO 14040: 2006. A cradle-to-grave approach was chosen to perform LCA on various design alternatives made of different raw materials (PPTD15, PPTD20, and PPTD25), manufacturing process (hotplate welding, vibration welding, and fastening), latching concept (side and central), and storage concept (rotating bin, fixed bin part of substrate, and fixed bin not part of substrate) of the glove box. The life cycle impacts are analyzed, and it was observed that the fixed bin not part of the substrate has the least environmental impacts with PPTD15 raw material, central latching mechanism, and fastening manufacturing process combination. In addition, this study observed that the use phase is the major contributor to overall impacts, which accounts for around 72–75% of total impacts. It was recommended to use recycled and renewable energy sources during raw material manufacturing and renewable energy as a source of fuel/electricity during the use phase of the glove box to reduce the environmental burden.

The Growth of Electric Vehicles in India and Its Challenges

How use of EV’s can reduce imports of crude oil. At the same time tried to see the different challenges we will have over come to achieve the target.

Analysis of the key hydrogen fuel vehicles adoption barriers to reduce carbon emissions under net zero target in emerging market

The environmental impact of the transport sector has a significant contribution in the carbon emissions. To reduce fossil fuel consumption and promote clean fuel, many countries are considering hydrogen as an alternative fuel and a bridge to sustainable development and achieve net zero target. Indian government has taken multiple policy initiatives to promote hydrogen fuel adoption in India. But nevertheless, the major presence of the multiple barriers limits the mass adoption of hydrogen as a preferred fuel. Therefore, identification and assessment of the key internal and external barriers of the hydrogen fuel vehicles adoption is required to mitigate the climate change issues. This study has identified and analyzed the barriers. The criticality assessment of the barriers is done by fuzzy based hybrid approach analytic hierarchy process. Later, sensitivity experiments are conducted to verify the robustness of the model. The findings of the study show that technical barriers are most critical barriers in the adoption of hydrogen fuel vehicles in India. The result of the study also indicates that India would require to build the hydrogen supply network and infrastructure, improve consumer awareness, favourable policies and develop efficient production technology for the mass adoption of hydrogen as a fuel.

Vision-based investigation of road traffic and violations at urban roundabout in India using UAV video: A case study

In the past decade, the number of vehicles in India has increased exponentially; however, road infrastructure has not scaled proportionately. As a result, road traffic problems such as congestion on urban roads, dangerous traffic violations, and road accidents have increased significantly. Due to limited road infrastructure, traffic violations (human errors) have intensified in densely populated urban areas. This paper presents a case study (at a multi-lane urban roundabout in Ahmedabad city, India) and the methodology based on computer vision to investigate road traffic and violations using drone/UAV-based aerial video. You Only Look Once-YOLOv7 is used for vehicle detection, and Simple Online and Real Time Tracking-SORT for tracking vehicles. Our methodology divides the road scene (roundabout) into certain zones. We then formulated the dictionary, which maps the traffic violations under Motor Vehicle Driving Regulations - MVDR/ Motor Vehicle Act - MVA and the movement of the vehicle (zone traversal sequences). Using the zone-based methodology, we could also probe other road traffic data such as the count of vehicles, speed of vehicles, rate of traffic flow, and congestion. Based on our results, we also infer some of the possible causes of traffic violations in terms of problems/limitations of road infrastructure. As per our analysis, around 23.26% of vehicles committed traffic violations. We detected traffic violations related to lane indiscipline, driving against the authorized flow of traffic, parking violations, and over-speeding within the roundabout. Our methodology of investigating road traffic and violations can be used for road infrastructure improvement, law enforcement drives, and policy making, for road traffic safety, in developing and densely populated countries.

Future of Transport – Rise of Electric Vehicles in India

The introduction and proliferation of electric vehicles (EVs) in India signify a transformative shift in the country's automotive landscape and its commitment to sustainable transportation. This paper explores the key drivers and dynamics underpinning the rise of EVs in India, highlighting the environmental imperatives, government initiatives, technological advancements, urban challenges, global trends, and economic implications that are shaping this transition. Furthermore, it examines the challenges and opportunities associated with the adoption of EVs, such as the development of charging infrastructure and the coexistence of traditional and electric vehicle ecosystems. The paper underscores the significance of EVs in addressing pressing issues like air pollution and climate change while fostering domestic manufacturing and job creation. As India's electric vehicle market continues to evolve, it is essential to recognize its potential to redefine mobility, reduce emissions, and contribute to a more sustainable future.

Factors affecting adoption intention of electric vehicle: a cross-cultural study

In recent years, the surge in the adoption of electric vehicles has played a vital role in reducing fossil fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. However, limited cross-national research has been conducted on the determinants of electric vehicle adoption in developing and developed countries. This study examines the factors influencing the intention to adopt electric vehicles in India (378 participants) and Spain (265 participants). This study develops an integrated model that combines the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT2) and the value-belief-norm (VBN) model while accounting for the impact of national culture. The model is tested using structural equation modeling. The results indicate the integrated UTAUT2-VBN model is a valuable tool for explaining the differences in adoption intention across cultures. Moreover, the national cultural system plays a significant moderating role in most relationships within the model. This study offers valuable insights into the factors influencing electric vehicle adoption in different cultural contexts, which can inform policies and strategies to promote sustainable transportation.

A SHIFT TOWARDS E-MOBILITY IN INDIA: CHALLENGES AND INNOVATIONS

The shift towards electric mobility in India is motivated by the need to reduce the considerable environmental effect on the road sector induced by rapid urbanization and commuter traffic. Which accounts for 80% of total emissions including 60% of greenhouse gas emissions from vehicles. To address this problem the Indian government set up a target for electric vehicle fleets in the country by 2030. The goal is very ambitious but difficult to achieve due to the lack of resources, technology, and infrastructure required for EVs. Hence, different policies, battery technology, charging infrastructure, consumer perception, incentive programs, and local manufacturing for affordability and availability will have to be provided to create an ecosystem for electric vehicles in India. The paper gives an overview of current e-mobility trends, practices, and innovations, and the policy imperatives required to encourage the growth of sustainable e-mobility in India.

Micromobility Vehicles in India: Urban Commute Analysis with users’ Perspective

Since 1817 there has been using of the term micro-mobility from bicycles to modern-day electric-powered micro-mobility vehicles. The paper presents the current Indian urban commute, user behaviour, Indian urban scenario of last and first-mile transportation and scope of micro-mobility vehicles in Indian urban markets for small distance commutes. This also discusses the potential challenges in the growth of the micro-mobility ecosystem. A survey is conducted locally for urban cases and presented to take users' perspectives and preferences regarding daily commute and last-mile travel options.
 Keywords: Charging facilities, Electric Vehicles, e-PMV, Last Mile Transport, Micro mobility, Network, Sustainable transport, Startups, Traffic Congestion, Urban Areas

SWOT Analysis on AI-based Self-driving Car Companies

Purpose: This study examines the challenges and possibilities that advancing self-driving vehicle technologies may provide for transportation regulations. Self-driving technology can benefit low-income households and people with mobility issues since it can increase accessibility while reducing dependability and commuting expenses. This emerging technology has uses and effects that go far beyond any current projections. This study offers a complete review of the relevant papers and literature, covering a range of topics from security to viability from an economic perspective. In this regard, we have analyzed certain parameters on the challenges faced for launching self-driving vehicles. According to the results of the SWOT analysis, a step-by-step strategy to introduce self-driving vehicles is the right approach. The export of self-driving vehicles can help to create jobs and maintain economic stability. Methodology: This study is based on exploratory research by examining various reports from websites and recent research papers. Further, we have accessed and framed Strength-Opportunity (SO), Weakness-Opportunity (WO), Strength-Threat (ST), and Weakness- Threat (WT) strategies for the smooth implementation of self-driving vehicles in India. Finding: The present study will analyze the opportunity in implementing self driving vehicle and factors like exports that will influence Indian economy. Government is rigid with self driving cars because of the fact that many will lose their jobs. Originality: This study addresses a number of concerns, prominent among them is the difficulty in adopting self-driving cars and their effects once they become operational or are made legal. Paper Type: Exploratory based research analysis on challenges for implementation of self driving vehicle.

Adopting a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach to Identify Barriers to Electrification of Urban Freight in India

The economics and social development of cities depend heavily on urban freight. But, despite its obvious benefits, freight transportation has substantial negative externalities. The electrification of urban freight could help mitigate these. However, there exists a paucity of literature on barriers to the adoption of electric freight in the context of developing countries such as India. The present study intends to bridge this gap. It aims to identify the barriers to the adoption of electric freight vehicles (light commercial vehicles) in urban areas by using a fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP), a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) technique. Based on the opinion of 32 experts, it was found that high capital costs, low driving range, and long charging times are the major obstacles to the adoption of electric freight vehicles in India. The results from the present study will assist government officials in identifying bottlenecks and prioritizing strategies for the promotion of electric freight vehicles in India.

Consumers’ Adoption of Electric Vehicles for Sustainability: Exploring the Role of Personality Traits

This study investigates the influence of the Big Five personality traits which include extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness in molding the adoption intention of consumers regarding electric vehicles (EVs) in India. This study also looks at Behavioral Economics as an explanatory theory on the diffusion of electric vehicles in India. The study comprised two stages. In the first stage, 150 users and non-users of electric vehicles were surveyed. Results pointed to a significant effect of all Big Five personality traits on adoption intention, with the exception of the trait of neuroticism. There was no significant difference in the adoption intention based on the differences in personality traits between men and women. In the second stage, the study used an expert-opinion based survey that was conceptualized based on the Diffusion of Innovation theory combined with the idea of memetics in new product diffusion. The results from the first stage of the research were bolstered by the fact that the second stage indicated that product attributes influencing diffusion would have a negative influence on adoption intentions of persons with high neuroticism. The study provides useful insights into consumer behavior based on personality for marketers of electric vehicles and policymakers interested in bringing about sustainable consumption practices.

Comprehensive Analysis of Challenges Hindering the Adoption of Electric Vehicles in India

Comprehensive Analysis of Challenges Hindering the Adoption of Electric Vehicles in India

Nationwide distribution of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in road dust from India

In India, information on the occurrence and distribution of legacy and emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is deficient. In the present study, nationwide 79 road dust samples were collected from 12 states and 1 union territory for the analysis of 34 PFAS. Overall, total concentrations of 21 quantified PFAS (∑21PFAS) ranged 23–861 pg/g (median: 116 pg/g), with perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) being predominant (median: 19.9 pg/g). Short to long chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs; C4 − C18) were detected, where the concentrations of PFAS decreased with the increase in PFAS carbon chain length. ∑21PFAS was highest in road dust from urban area (n = 27; median: 230 pg/g), followed by suburban (n = 21; median: 126 pg/g) and rural areas (n = 31; median: 76 pg/g), suggesting environmental impacts of industriallization and urbanization on PFAS distribution. PFAS composition in rural road dust was significantly different from those in suburban and urban samples (p < 0.01). Regarding 4 geographical regions of India, PFAS in road dust showed spatial difference where higher concentrations were found in South India compared to other regions. ∑21PFAS were positively associated with city-wise population of India (rs = 0.40, p < 0.01). Strong to moderate positive correlation was observed between ∑21PFAS, fluorotelomer sulfonic acids, and PFCAs (rs = 0.23, 0.30, and 0.28, respectively; p < 0.05) and the total state-wise vehicles in India, suggesting that vehicles exhaust or non-exhaust (e.g., vehicle tire debris and polishing material) might contribute to the PFAS occurrence in Indian road dust. Toddlers (2–5 years) had the highest estimated daily intake of ∑PFAS via road dust ingestion under average-case and worst-case scenarios (0.55 and 1.16 pg/kg bw/day, respectively). This is the first time to evaluate PFAS in Indian road dust nationwide, aiding to provide first-hand data for human exposure to PFAS in India.

Consumers’ Attitude Toward Electric Vehicles in India : Mapping Psychological Antecedents and Consequences

Purpose : Deteriorating air quality, rising carbon footprint, and increasing fuel prices have called for India’s automobile industry to gear up for acute transformation. The current study, drawing parallel lines from SOR theory, investigated how the attitude toward EVs was affected by three psychological antecedents—utilitarian shopping value, conspicuous consumption, and lifestyle. Further, the study examined how this attitude impacted the intention of Indian consumers to purchase an EV and their ecological behavior. Design/Methodology/Approach : The study included 382 Indian consumers of EVs who constituted the sample population. A structured questionnaire was created to gather information from this sample. The SEM (structural equation modeling) approach was applied to draw conclusions from the data. Findings : The results indicated that out of three antecedents, only utilitarian shopping value had no significant relationship with attitude toward EVs. Also, the attitude was found to be positively related to purchase intention and ecological behavior. Implications : Manufacturers and marketers of EVs must include lifestyle and conspicuous aspects in their offerings. Moreover, they should work on enhancing the utilitarian value of EVs. Never should a person feel that he/she is paying more than he/she is getting. Special note for conspicuous consumers who are shedding huge resources to make a statement among peers. Originality Value : The current study was one of the prime ones to draw the impact of lifestyle, conspicuousness, and utilitarian values on attitudes toward EVs. Moreover, the current study provided a one-of-a-kind modified model of SOR theory by including unique stimuli and responses.

Dynamics of Adopting Electric Vehicles in India: A Grounded Theory Approach

&lt;div&gt;Through connectivity with the electric grid, electric vehicles (EVs) minimize or eliminate the need for fossil fuels. Despite the rapid adoption of EVs in recent times, most government adoption objectives have not been attained. This article aims to comprehend the reasons behind the limited uptake of electric scooters in India and the driving aspects. This research used a grounded theory methodology. Using a snowball sampling technique, we conducted 25 in-depth interviews with EV owners, mainly based in Delhi and Mumbai. As an outcome of the study, four drivers and four impediments to the adoption of EVs have been formulated. The study shows that there are Financial, Technological, Operational, and Psychological drivers and Technological/Infrastructural, Operational, and Psychological impediments to the adoption. The study identifies the key concern areas in the form of categories of drivers and impediments, which can be considered in industrial and public policymaking. This research broadens our understanding of India’s uptake of EVs and provides key insights to organizations and policymakers regarding EV adoption in India.&lt;/div&gt;

Barriers in Replacement of Conventional Vehicles by Electric Vehicles in India

Electric vehicles are an emerging and evolving technology that brings in remarkable environmental gains over conventional vehicles, contributing significantly towards a decrease in fossil fuel dependence. However, infiltrating into the existing automobile market requires huge investment in charging facilities and intricate planning to make it more approachable to the consumers. Identifying the crucial challenges and finding a solution has been a major hurdle to the manufacturers. While various non-government agencies and government policies are urging both consumers and manufacturers to adopt electric mobility, many industries remain unguided. The paper aims to identify, study, and rank 12 of these influential challenges faced by the manufacturers based on their impact on enhancing the manufacturing and sales of electric vehicles in India using the triangular fuzzy number (TFN) method. Results obtained reveal that inadequate charging infrastructure is one of the biggest hurdles.

URBAN MOBILITY SOLUTIONS: AMIDST OF TECHNOLOGY SHIFTS &amp; HOW FAIRLY RECIPROCATED BY OEMS OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES IN INDIA? : A STUDY

Ex-Researchers, based on a comprehensive study, would like to contemplate and assess the total course of the dispatch of an association called OLA-ELECTRICALS and its items, EV-Scooterette, because of the center chiefs of showcasing viz. Showcasing Marketing 4.0 (4)and Blue Ocean Strategies,(40) Green Marketing(41) and Green Production arrangements,(42) executed in all and its accomplishment as far as a beginning reaction, booking, and income collection. Researchers likewise are extremely excited about discovering how fire up can pool out the assets from the different quarters and development of a value of the brand in the beginning phases which will ultimately be changed over into Brand equity. Researchers could able to figure out how promoters have addressed the immense innovation gap in technology and follow the severe natural standard and give and set to shape a total upset in the metropolitan portability arrangements which is in a state of harmony with worldwide requirements and address the 360* purchaser direction. (3)(8)(11) The analysts explored the total promoting contributions of Ola-EV looks to enhance the talk on the execution of center showcasing blend with an extensive and definite survey of 36 articles, covering different papers, diaries from 2010 to 2020. (34) Through an assessment of hypotheses, settings, attributes, perceptions, and procedures like utilized in client need, showcasing gaps and tending to it through Blue Ocean and Green Production Technologies. This represents a complete and up‐to‐date outline of the exploration in this field of cutting-edge arrangements in metropolitan portability and sets a future examination plan to prod even more insightful research. (32)

An empirical study on consumer attitude and perception towards adoption of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in India: Policy implications for stakeholders

The present study empirically tests the adoption of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCV) through the role of attitudes, perceptions, environmental concerns, and the effect of policy implications. An online survey was conducted among Indians who are knowledgeable and aware of HFCV developments in the country. A multi-stage stratified sampling technique was used to acquire the data. The paper examined a postulated model using structural equation modelling. The findings of this research confirms that motivation and knowledge sharing had a significant effect on attitude toward HFCV adoption. Potential adopters perceived that risk, cost, and infrastructure significantly impact HFCV adoption. In addition, the research indicates that stakeholders may influence buyer attitudes through suitable government policy and coordinated affirmative actions, including incentives for HFCV manufacturers, refuelling stations, HFCV buyers, and infrastructure developers. The infrastructure developers need viability gap funding to address the financial constraints and create enabling eco-system for a higher HFCV adoption.