Vehicle Sector Research Articles

Research on Alternative Fuel Vehicle Fluctuation Based on GARCH-MIDAS Model

This article uses the GARCH-MIDAS model to analyze the impact of economic uncertainty on the volatility of the new energy vehicle market. Economic uncertainty includes economic policy uncertainty and macroeconomic uncertainty. Use EPU as the proxy variable for economic policy uncertainty, and the Manufacturing Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) as the proxy variable for macroeconomic uncertainty. The results indicate that economic policy uncertainty has a significant negative impact on the volatility of the new energy vehicle market. The PMI index's impact weight on the new energy vehicle sector has slowly decreased over the past 12 months, indicating that the macroeconomic indicators of the manufacturing industry have a relatively long impact on the new energy vehicle sector, which takes about a year to dissipate, The fluctuation of economic policy uncertainty on the new energy vehicle market is transmitted through the EPU index, and the impact of economic policy uncertainty presents a short-term effect. Policy shocks are absorbed within 2 months and will not have a long-term impact on the stock market. Among all economic uncertainty factors, economic operation has the most significant impact on long-term volatility. Overall, macroeconomic uncertainty does not have a significant impact on the volatility of the new energy vehicle market, and its contribution is limited.

Investment Value of an Enterprise in New Energy Vehicles: A Case Study of BYD Company

Purpose – In recent years, new energy vehicles have undergone qualitative changes and witnessed a doubling of trading volume. Most of the existing research on new energy vehicles derive valuation methods from traditional automobile companies. This paper aims to establish an effective investment value analysis model and determine a reasonable investment range through comprehensive analysis of the internal and external environment of the company, so as to provide investors with more specific references for investment value. Design/Methodology/Approach – Based on value investment theory, this study compares several major domestic listed new energy vehicle companies and combines financial analysis and valuation methods. Taking BYD, a leading domestic automobile company, as an example, it analyzes the current investment value in the field of new energy vehicles to assist investors in making better investment judgments. Findings – This study comprehensively compares the financial status of BYD and several major new energy vehicle companies in terms of profitability, solvency, and development capability. Using the PE valuation method, the study concludes that in the short term, the valuation of listed companies in the new energy vehicle sector is generally too high, indicating a certain bubble, and investors should exercise caution. In the medium to long term, investors can sustain their focus. Research Implications – This study provides a comprehensive, objective, and rigorous research method for stock valuation by comparing financial data, PE, and PB. Investors should analyze the impact of changes in financial data, policy changes, and technological advancements on the valuation of investment enterprises. In the future, they can intervene within a reasonable valuation range to obtain greater returns with lower risks.

Environmental and techno-economic viability of using hydrogen in the vehicle sector for a rapid energy transition in Argentina

Argentina has a wide availability of renewable resources, which provides important advantages for the hydrogen vector incorporation. The province of Córdoba is an excellent model case for the study of the rapid incorporation of hydrogen as fuel, to replace 20% V/V of natural gas consumed in vehicular use. This does not involve major changes in infrastructure or modifications to the vehicles. This paper computes and analyzes the levelized cost of hydrogen with the emissions associated for each part of the complete hydrogen supply chain. Two different production sources were used: renewable energies sources and the Argentine electrical grid; and two production pathways: in situ and centralized production. Comparing the same volume of proposed hydrogen compressed natural gas and current CNG, a cost decrease in the majority of the scenarios and a CO2eq emission reduction ranging from 19.5 to 8.2% are achieved, even if the hydrogen is produced using the carbon-intensive grid electricity.

Adopting internet of things for manufacturing firms business model development

The Internet of Things (IoT) has sparked a revolution in the manufacturing sector, providing numerous advantages to companies that adopt it. Using IoT, factories can boost productivity, cut expenses, and develop a more sustainable business model. The rise of digital networking and real-time communication are compelling manufacturers to adopt cutting-edge technologies in order to compete in today's fast-paced, international marketplace. The Internet of Things (IoT) to facilitate the virtualization of manufacturing processes and the gathering of real-time data to guarantee seamless supply chain operations. There has been abductive qualitative research done. Case studies of the heavy-duty vehicle sector provided empirical data, while a review of the relevant literature provided the theoretical underpinnings. Information system issues and people and structure issues were cited as barriers to analytics adoption. In this study works on challenges and security of manufacturing. Finally, suitable themes for analysis have been derived using a thematic analysis. The results show that manufacturing firms can benefit from analytics solutions for production activities even if they are not highly automated or complicated. The Internet of Things (IoT) offers numerous opportunities for growth in the business models of manufacturing companies. Businesses can boost efficiency, cut expenses, and develop a more robust business model by implementing IoT. Successfully integrating IoT, however, calls for meticulous preparation and execution.

Blockchain Based used Vehicle Tracking System

Abstract: The used vehicle market has long been in India, but due to the danger involved in buying an old vehicle without a guarantee and the fact that it lacks certification, it has not been able to make a significant vehicle in the vehicle sector. Purchasing a second-hand vehicle is a risky decision since it is impossible to judge a vehicle just on the basis of appearance if you don't know anything about its history. Many individuals buy vehicles without looking into their past, which frequently results in them getting into legal difficulties. Some people offer vehicles that have been reported stolen with no prior history. Due to them, consumers who wish to purchase a quality used car are duped, which puts them in legal trouble. A solution to this problem is to use a platform that offers the consumer a reliable approach to looking up information about a vehicle, where all vehicle-related data is added in a safe, unchangeable manner. Thus, this issue may be solved via blockchain technology. We are trying to create an Android app that will use blockchain technology to store previous owner data in such a way that it cannot be altered.

Electric Go-Kart

Abstract: This project presents the design and analysis of an electric motor-powered Go-kart. The main aim of this project is to reduce the usage of organic fuel powered vehicles and to design a vehicle which works efficiently in the emerging electric vehicle sector. In order to maintain the speed levels of theGo-kart, seamless decision was made in motor selection. Alternate materials have been applied in the Go- kart to reduce both static and dynamic forces in pursuance of improving the efficiency and performance ofthe Go-kart. The main focus of the frame design was on the stability of the Go-kart and safety of the driver.The MS light weight steel has been employed for the frame to reduce the overall weight. To check the feasibility of the frame design, finite element analysis has been done. The results obtained showed that theframe design was safe under maximal impact load conditions. Motor, the heart of the electric vehicle wasselected and installed in such a way that it can perform well for an extended run time. BLDC motor was selected in this case. Speed control of the kart was done using a Motor controller. The kart is provided witha chain drive to achieve maximum efficiency in transmission of power from the motor to the wheels. Hydraulic disc brakes were provided for smooth and effective braking under both dry and wet conditions.Design calculations were carried out and optimum results were obtained

Transportation decarbonization requires life cycle-based regulations: Evidence from China’s passenger vehicle sector

Transportation decarbonization requires life cycle-based regulations: Evidence from China’s passenger vehicle sector

TATA Motors Limited: A Revolution in Electric Cars - A Case Study

Purpose: The whole world is moving toward environmentally friendly and maintainable alternatives to conservative goods. Electric vehicles are regarded as an environmentally friendly and sustainable alternative for transportation. The purpose of the study is to analyze how tata motors became a market leader in the sales and manufacturing of Electric cars. Design/Methodology/Approach: India has the largest untapped market for electric vehicles (EVs), particularly in the two-wheeler category. In recent years, there has been a significant rise in the number of EVs on the road thanks to the rapid introduction of these vehicles by a number of automakers. The most recent electric car to come out of India is the Tata Nexon EV Max, and it promises to be very affordable. Tata Motors, an Indian automaker that operates in one of the world's largest automotive markets, is compared to Tesla. A survey was used by the author to carry out this study. The effect of has been the focus of the study. Secondary data are gathered for the study from a variety of sources, including TATA motors Ltd. websites, research papers, newspaper articles, and journals. Findings/Result: This paper has studied a SWOT analysis of Tata Motors Limited. The analysis reveals that TATA Motors has a huge customer base in the Indian market.it is quite popular and about 73% of electric cars on Indian roads belong to TATA Motors Tata Motors is India's third-largest company by market share and the market leader in the EV-Electric Vehicle sector. Tata Motors has been able to steadily expand by introducing new products in the most popular SUV and electric vehicle markets. To meet all of its customers' needs and provide them with the best vehicles, the company plans to launch new products in a variety of car segments using these new products and engine transmissions. Originality/Value: This paper studies about how tata became a market leader in electric car manufacturing and overall performance in terms of carrying customer satisfaction. Paper Type: Case Study.

Optimizing Numerous Influencing Parameters of Nano-SiO2/Banana Fiber-Reinforced Hybrid Composites using Taguchi and ANN Approach

High specific strength, strength-to-weight ratio, cheap cost, and other advantages, nanofillers are now the subject of most research on natural fibers. The current research’s main goal is to combine the Taguchi and artificial neural networks (ANN) approaches to maximize the mechanical characteristics of nanocomposites. The parameters: (i) nano-SiO2 wt%, (ii) banana fiber wt%, (iii) compression pressure in MPa, and (iv) compression molding temperature in °C were selected to achieve the objectives above. An L16 orthogonal array was used to optimize the process parameters based on the Taguchi technique. According to the intended experiment, mechanical characteristics, such as tension, bending, and impact strength, were assessed. The ANN was used to forecast outcomes that were optimized. The fiber mat thickness of banana fiber and the weight ratio of nano-SiO2 showed a considerable improvement in the mechanical characteristics of hybrid composites. According to the Taguchi technique, the most significant mechanical characteristics were 47.36 MPa tensile, 64.48 MPa flexural, and 35.33 kJ of impact under circumstances of 5% SiO2, 19 MPa pressure, and 110 °C. With 95% accuracy, ANN-predicted mechanical strength. The ANN forecast was more accurate than the regression model and experimental data. The above nanobased hybrid composites are mainly employed to satisfy the needs of the contemporary vehicle sector.

Synergistically Improving the Stability and Operating Potential of Organic Cathodes for Sodium‐Ion Battery

AbstractEstablishing a sustainable energy solution is one of the most important issues in achieving a greener community. Given the geographically limited cobalt resources, the rising concerns about the growth of electric vehicle sectors driven by lithium‐ion batteries consisting of cobalt‐based cathodes have pushed the research community to probe alternate avenues. In this endeavor, employing organic electrodes can open the road to green and sustainable batteries. Among many new emerging candidates, polyimides are still being considered as cathode candidates owing to their tunability. This work envisaged tailoring the reduction potential and enhancing the cycling stability of a perylene polyimide‐based organic cathode through a dual modification strategy. The influence of the twist induced by chlorine functionality at the bay position of perylene diimide and the role of the linker is systematically summarized. The correlation between the reduction potentials and the electron‐withdrawing ability of the four‐chlorine bay‐substituent was supported by HOMO‐LUMO energy levels and orbital iso‐surface studies of the monomers. The accompanying thiourea linker group has significantly increased the cycling stability for 200 cycles at 1 A g−1 current density. This approach can be expanded to other organic battery chemistries for significantly enhanced electrochemical performance.

From Diesel to Electric: Overcoming Grid Integration Challenges in the Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicle Sector

From Diesel to Electric: Overcoming Grid Integration Challenges in the Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicle Sector

THAILAND AND MALAYSIA’S COMPETITIVENESS ON ELECTRIC VEHICLE MANUFACTURING DEVELOPMENT TO INCREASE THE FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN 2014-2019

<p>The Electric Vehicle (EV) development become one of the factor for Thailand and Malaysia to create a policy for accelerate electric vehicle development due their interest to develop the electric vehicle sector in their country. This interest led to the competitiveness between those countries. In order to help them developing their electric vehicle sector, Thailand and Malaysia need to allow foreign direct investment to their country to help them gain advance technology to develop their electric vehicle sector. The competitiveness that occurs between Thailand and Malaysia can be analyzed through Porter Diamond Model to understand the advantage from each country that can attract the foreign direct investment to their country. Thailand shows the competitiveness in EV more than Malaysia because in those several determinants, Thailand shows they keep developing through their policies, providing infrastructure, and continuing the research and development in production capability. Although Malaysia has several advantages than Thailand, but Thailand could provide more benefits to the investor than Malaysia.</p>

Electric vehicle subsidies: Time to accelerate or pump the brakes?

Promoting plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) adoption through subsidies represents a commonly used policy lever for decarbonizing the light-duty vehicle sector. However, it is unclear how the subsidy cost-effectiveness has evolved over time and whether further subsidization is needed to induce adoption beyond wealthy consumers. We explore these questions by assessing the federal PEV subsidy program in the United States. To do so, we extend Sheldon and Dua's (2019a, 2019b) work by using the same approach on large-scale U.S. new vehicle buyer survey data. While results averaged over fuel-types suggest that PEV subsidies are becoming less impactful and costlier over time, detailed model-level exploration reveals that it is due to an increasing share of higher-priced BEVs such as Teslas. The model-level subsidy impact has not changed much over time. Moreover, if the subsidies had been discontinued in 2017, half of the below median income (90 K USD) new vehicle buyers would not have adopted a PEV, highlighting the need to continue the subsidies. The findings hold significance for policymakers worldwide on how to design effective PEV subsidy programs.

How sustainable marketing influences the customer engagement and sustainable purchase intention? The moderating role of corporate social responsibility.

Today's civilization faces serious challenges related to sustainability. Without the support of society, organizations can no longer continually build their enterprises. The pressure of sustainable development goals are also enhancing on companies. Thus, marketing managers place a strong emphasis on meeting the socio-ethical demands of their target audience, whether it is through cultural promotion, environmental conservation, or disaster relief initiatives. This study explores how sustainable marketing influences the customer engagement and sustainable purchase intention. For data collection, a self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 393 purchasers and potential purchasers of electric vehicles, and a structural equation model (SEM) test was conducted using Mplus 8.0 software. The results of the study showed that: First, the outcome states that sustainable marketing valuable for improving brand image. Second, brand image is good for customer engagement in the Chinese market for electric automobiles. Third, the appeal of sustainable purchasing intentions is increased by brand image. Fourth, a useful instrument for long-term purchase intentions is customer engagement. Fifth, CSR has a significant role in enhancing consumers' intentions to make sustainable purchases. Most notably, it acts as a helpful moderator in the relationship between company image and customer engagement. Lastly, CSR also strengthens the link between company image and sustainable purchasing intentions. This research offers a theoretical framework and practical implications that sustainable marketing initiatives are an important antecedent of organizational outcomes for the electric vehicle sector in China.

Analysis of the impact of financial subsidies on R&D investment of new energy vehicle enterprises based on threshold regression

According to the news, a huge section of the current profit of NEV enterprises is attributed to state subsidies, while the state's financial subsidies for new energy vehicles have been decreasing year by year, showing a continuous downward trend. To remove the dependence of new energy companies on financial subsidies and make them more competitive in the future, their innovation and technological progress are particularly important. This paper investigates the impact of fiscal subsidies on NEV companies’ R&D investment intensity of different scales through threshold regression and concludes that as the scale of enterprises expands, the motivating impact of fiscal subsidies on the R&D investment intensity of companies will achieve a qualitative leap at a certain point, and puts forward relevant suggestions for fiscal policy designation, refines the implementation methods and targets of fiscal subsidies, and offers some recommendations for the new energy vehicle industry's future sustainable growth. Additionally, it clarifies the objectives and implementation strategies for financial subsidies and offers some support for the future sustainable growth of the new energy vehicle sector.

Dual Carbon Goal-Based Quadrilateral Evolutionary Game: Study on the New Energy Vehicle Industry in China.

In an effort to tackle climate change, the "Dual Carbon" target raised by the Chinese government aims to reach peak carbon dioxide emissions by 2030 and to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060. Accordingly, policy incentives have accelerated the new energy vehicle (NEV) sector. Whilst previous studies have focused on the bilateral game between governments and manufacturers, NEV development has witnessed interaction among multiple players. In this paper, we construct a quadrilateral evolutionary game model, considering the impact of government policies, manufacturers' R&D investments, dealers' support, and consumer choice on the evolutionary stabilization strategy (ESS) in the context of China. The results show that: (1) in the absence of government incentives, there is no motivation for manufacturers, dealers and consumers to consider the development of NEVs; (2) government incentives affect manufacturers and consumers on the evolutionary paths in the short term. In the long term, benefit- and utility-based limited rationality has a dominant role in the ESS. This study contributes to the understanding of the multilateral dynamics of NEV innovation and provides important implications to practitioners and policy makers.

Autonomous Vehicle Dataset with Real Multi-Driver Scenes and Biometric Data.

The development of autonomous vehicles is becoming increasingly popular and gathering real-world data is considered a valuable task. Many datasets have been published recently in the autonomous vehicle sector, with synthetic datasets gaining particular interest due to availability and cost. For a real implementation and correct evaluation of vehicles at higher levels of autonomy, it is also necessary to consider human interaction, which is precisely something that lacks in existing datasets. In this article the UPCT dataset is presented, a public dataset containing high quality, multimodal data obtained using state-of-the-art sensors and equipment installed onboard the UPCT's CICar autonomous vehicle. The dataset includes data from a variety of perception sensors including 3D LiDAR, cameras, IMU, GPS, encoders, as well as driver biometric data and driver behaviour questionnaires. In addition to the dataset, the software developed for data synchronisation and processing has been made available. The quality of the dataset was validated using an end-to-end neural network model with multiple inputs to obtain the speed and steering wheel angle and it obtained very promising results.

Green mission creep: The unintended consequences of circular economy strategies for electric vehicles

The rapid expansion of renewable energy technologies entails massive resource challenges which are well illustrated by electric vehicles. Circular economy strategies are gaining traction as a potential solution to these challenges. However, while scholarship has emphasized the necessity of reducing resource use in absolute terms, policymakers are reluctant to include this in circular economy strategies, preferring to rely on ‘green growth’. We describe this phenomenon as the social construction of ignorance leading to green mission creep and bring knowledge about extractivism and sustainable mobility to bear on circular economy strategies for electric vehicles. Through conducting the first critical analysis of Norway's national strategy for a circular economy and the ambitions for an electric vehicle sector therein, together with the report that provided its knowledge base and 24 letters of input from civil society groups, we find a trajectory of aggressive growth in carbon intensive industries associated with creating sacrifice zones. Therefore, we conclude that the effectiveness of measures to increase efficiency on the supply side of production processes ultimately depends upon rejecting the premise of green growth and developing political and grassroots strategies for reducing consumption.

Design and Implementation of SAE J1939 and Modbus Communication Protocols for Electric Vehicle

The charging station has a vital role in the electric vehicle sector. The charging station provides supply (AC or DC) to vehicles as per requirements. The charging station infrastructure includes software and hardware that ensure energy transfer and safety. Communication is mandatory to transmit messages that contain information from the battery management system and charger. This research focuses on implementing the communication between the charger controller and the battery management system. This paper adopts the controller area network (CAN) bus charger communication protocol based on the SAE J1939 standard from the Society of Automotive Engineers. The data are transmitted over a network to facilitate the information that is to be conveyed by an electronic control unit. The vehicle communicates via the battery management system to the charger controller using CAN communication. The charger power modules with AC to DC and DC to DC converters uses Modbus communication protocol. Therefore, this paper integrates CAN bus and Modbus communication protocols and implements the communication between charger and electric vehicle battery management system using a cost-effective Arduino UNO micro-controller. Using the CAN bus module (MCP2515) and Modbus module (MAX485), the distance between the electric vehicle and the charger is increased. Finally, the communication is validated using PCAN View software.

Greenhouse gas emissions and peak trend of commercial vehicles in China

Commercial vehicles are important within the context of global warming, since they exhibit greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that are disproportionate to their quantity. The aim of this study was to create a bottom-up GHG emissions assessment model which considers GHG emissions of newly produced commercial vehicles and those in current use. Through this study, the number of future commercial vehicles were predicted, thereby facilitating a simulation of future GHG emissions. Our results show that the total GHG emissions of commercial vehicles in 2019 was 580 million t CO2-eq.. Among them, the GHG emissions stemming from the production of new commercial vehicles accounted for ∼0.3% of the emissions, whereas the use stage accounted for more than 99.0%. Moreover, the future ownership of commercial vehicles depends on GDP and the demand of freight and passenger transport. The ownership of commercial vehicles was predicted about 36.61 million in 2025, 45.44 million in 2030 and 55.85 million in 2035. The carbon peak of commercial vehicles varies across different scenarios, peaking around 2031–2034, at 680–780 million t CO2-eq.. This study systematically simulated the carbon peak of commercial vehicles, contributing toward a deeper understanding of commercial vehicles within the context of GHG emissions. These results can be applied toward creating quantitatively-driven pathways for carbon peak or neutrality targets in the commercial vehicle sector.