Vegetative Storage Research Articles

Fruits Management System

Proper storage of fresh fruits and vegetables is important to maintain the integrity of the product, prevent spoilage and illness and ensure to get the best value for your labor. In addition to proper temperature and humidity, all fruits and vegetables must be kept in a dark, aerated environment. With the ease of online shopping from comfort of your home becomes a better option than the former one. Also the pollution that is caused by the traffic can contaminate the food products which is not the case in online shopping as the fruits and vegetables are well preserved in the warehouse at low temperature

The mechanisms of melatonin in low‐temperature stress tolerance in postharvest fruits and vegetables

AbstractLow‐temperature storage of fresh fruits and vegetables, especially below the critical storage temperatures, leads to chilling injury that makes the produce unsuitable for market use. Postharvest application of melatonin for chilling injury alleviation in fruits and vegetables is an alternative preventive measure for the longer persistence of fresh produce on the market. This review classified the mechanisms involved in melatonin‐mediated chilling tolerance into physiological, biochemical (sugar metabolism, organic acids, lignification and respiratory modulation, ripening, senescence, membrane structure, maintenance of the antioxidant system, endogenous proline, endogenous polyamine, γ‐amino butyric acid shunt pathway, and modulation of energy status), and hormonal (ethylene, indole acetic acid, jasmonic acid, and abscisic acid regulation) pathways. Melatonin acted via several mechanisms, including antioxidant activity elevation, induction of antioxidant enzymes, gene expression regulation, gamma‐aminobutyric acid shunt pathway, induction of stress‐tolerant proteins, and cell membrane stabilization. However, dose and duration of exposure optimization, along with alternative means for mass production of melatonin, is required to promote trails.

Microbicidal effect of negative air ion against Penicillium citrinum and quality control of Chinese bayberry

Chinese bayberry is susceptible to decay caused by Penicillium citrinum infection, which will cause food safety problems. Negative air ion (NAI) is a novel type of non-thermal microbicidal technology. This study presented NAI treatment's inhibitory effect and antimicrobial mechanism on P. citrinum isolated from Chinese bayberry fruit. The results indicated that NAI treatment had the optimal inhibitory effect on P. citrinum. P. citrinum cell membrane appeared to have visible wrinkles and damage after NAI treatment, which was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), relative conductivity, soluble protein, soluble carbohydrate, nucleic acid leakage, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the culture medium increased obviously, which indicated that the membrane permeability of P. citrinum increased. With the laser confocal assay, NAI increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and caused oxidative damage to membrane lipids. The membrane lipidomics of P. citrinum hyphae was determined by LC-MS. The results revealed that NAI treatment can hydrolyze the glycerophospholipid into phosphatidic acid (PA) and lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI). Besides, the results of energy metabolism illustrated that NAI treatment reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and energy charge of P. citrinum hyphae. Overall, the microbicidal effect of NAI consisted of two pathways: 1) NAI induced the accumulation of ROS and damaged the membrane structures; 2) NAI reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and caused energy metabolism disorders. In addition, the storage experiment proved that NAI could maintain the quality of Chinese bayberry by inhibiting microbial growth and delaying fruit decay. Hence, NAI hold promises as a potential low-temperature sterilization method for fruit and vegetable storage.

Budidaya Tanaman Hortikultura dan Lumbung Pangan dalam Upaya Pemanfaatan Lahan Pekarangan di Kelurahan Klitren Yogyakarta

One of the characteristics of urban areas is the increasingly limited land that can be used for plant cultivation. Only now, a lot of yard land has yet to be utilized optimally, especially for cultivating vegetables. Klitren Village, in the center of Yogyakarta City, has community-owned yard land that can be used even though the area is limited. This service activity aims to maximize the use of yard land for cultivating vegetable plants, herbal gardens, and food storage. This service activity was carried out in Klitren Village at the Asoka Farming Women's Group (FWG) in July 2022. The service activity was attended by 81 people who were a combination of women members of Asoka's FWG, the Village Head of Klitren Village, Village Agricultural Extension Officers, Lecturers, Students, Research and Community Service Units, and the Klitren Village community from various. The service is carried out through several activities, including making planting media for cultivating vegetable plants, arranging herbal gardens, and providing food barns. 100% of the evaluation results stated that the activity participants knew how to make planting media and food storage. In comparison, 66.7% said they knew how to organize and maintain an herbal garden. 66.7% of the participant's responses to the activities indicated that they were helpful and hoped they could be sustainable and improved.

Post-drainage vegetation, microtopography and organic matter in Arctic drained lake basins

Wetlands in Arctic drained lake basins (DLBs) have a high potential for carbon storage in vegetation and peat as well as for elevated greenhouse gas emissions. However, the evolution of vegetation and organic matter is rarely studied in DLBs, making these abundant wetlands especially uncertain elements of the permafrost carbon budget. We surveyed multiple DLB generations in northern Alaska with the goal to assess vegetation, microtopography, and organic matter in surface sediment and pond water in DLBs and to provide the first high-resolution land cover classification for a DLB system focussing on moisture-related vegetation classes for the Teshekpuk Lake region. We associated sediment properties and methane concentrations along a post-drainage succession gradient with remote sensing-derived land cover classes. Our study distinguished five eco-hydrological classes using statistical clustering of vegetation data, which corresponded to the land cover classes. We identified surface wetness and time since drainage as predictors of vegetation composition. Microtopographic complexity increased after drainage. Organic carbon and nitrogen contents in sediment, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved nitrogen (DN) in ponds were high throughout, indicating high organic matter availability and decomposition. We confirmed wetness as a predictor of sediment methane concentrations. Our findings suggest moderate to high methane concentrations independent of drainage age, with particularly high concentrations beneath submerged patches (up to 200 μmol l−1) and in pond water (up to 22 μmol l−1). In our DLB system, wet and shallow submerged patches with high methane concentrations occupied 54% of the area, and ponds with high DOC, DN and methane occupied another 11%. In conclusion, we demonstrate that DLB wetlands are highly productive regarding organic matter decomposition and methane production. Machine learning-aided land cover classification using high-resolution multispectral satellite imagery provides a useful tool for future upscaling of sediment properties and methane emission potentials from Arctic DLBs.

Robotization of processes in the field of agro-industrial complex on the example of disinfection of surfaces with infrared radiation

Russia today is committed to accelerated robotization and digitalization of the agricultural sector in the foreseeable future. A number of federal programs are being developed aimed at supporting agricultural production and the country's rural population. Currently, robotic disinfectors are appearing on the market for disinfecting premises for keeping farm animals and poultry, which destroy various types of pathogenic microorganisms and bacteria. Shown is a general view of a robotic cart for disinfecting surfaces with infrared radiation, which is in-tended for treating surfaces for various purposes - surfaces in premises for keeping animals (poultry), grain and vegetable storage facilities, greenhouses, etc. Keywords: ROBOTIZATION, DISINFECTION, INFRARED RADIATION, HEATING, SURFACE, PROGRAM CONTROL, LIVESTOCK BUILDINGS, AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX, PATHOGENS, INFECTIONS

Future transition from forests to shrublands and grasslands in the western United States is expected to reduce carbon storage

Climate change is expected to impact vegetation in the western United States, leading to shifts in dominant Plant Functional Types and carbon storage. Here, we used a biogeographic model integrated with a biogeochemical model to predict changes in dominant Plant Functional Type by 2070−2100. Results show that under the Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5 scenario, 40% of the originally forested areas will transition to shrubland (7%) or grassland (32%), while under the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 scenario, 58% of forested areas shift to shrubland (18%) or grassland (40%). These shifts in Plant Functional Types result in a net overall loss in carbon storage equal to −60 gigagram of carbon and −82 gigagram of carbon under Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5 and 8.5, respectively. Our findings highlight the need for urgent action to mitigate the effects of climate change on vegetation and carbon storage in the region.

Retracted: Combination of Fruit and Vegetable Storage and Fresh-Keeping with Postharvest Heat Treatment

Retracted: Combination of Fruit and Vegetable Storage and Fresh-Keeping with Postharvest Heat Treatment

Assessing the efficacy of agricultural cold chain facility expansion in China

This study determines the effectiveness of agricultural cold chain facilities in preserving quality and extending storage time of vegetables and fruits in China. National data were collected through interviews with 10,263 farmers across all provinces except Tibet. Using ordinary least squares regression analysis, several conclusions and policy implications emerge. First, cold chain facilities significantly reduce loss ratios (about 2% on average) and extend storage days for fruits (up to 28 days), but some facilities fail to demonstrate significant effects for vegetables. This implies that stakeholders, especially vegetable producers, must strategically select storage methods. Second, regional disparities exist, with the less developed Northwest facing more acute post-harvest losses, underscoring the need for tailored interventions addressing infrastructure gaps. Third, cold chain transportation distinctly influences vegetable preservation, decreasing losses and storage time. Improving vegetable transport efficiency benefits farmers and consumers. Fourth, supporting facilities like packing houses extend storage days for fruits and vegetables, highlighting the need to construct such infrastructure especially where shipping is limited. Moreover, with the projected expansion of cold chain facilities in China, these findings offer crucial guidance for policymakers, agencies, and farmers in selecting and distributing infrastructure to mitigate losses and support agricultural sector growth. As China advances its cold chain capabilities, this study demonstrates the vital role of such facilities in enhancing food security, reducing waste, and providing fresh produce to consumers.

Methodology for coordinating the parameters of the material and technical base of warehouses for storing vegetables

Purpose. Develop a methodology for matching the parameters of the material and technical base of warehouses for storing vegetables with the characteristics of the production plans for harvesting the corresponding crops. Methods. In the course of the research, the methods of monographic, system analysis and synthesis were used. Results. The main factors that affect the selection of the parameters of the material and technical base of agricultural enterprises for storing vegetables with the characteristics of production programs and the algorithm for harmonizing the parameters of the material and technical base of enterprises for storing vegetables are defined. When determining the rational dimensions of the vegetable growing industry in agricultural enterprises, indicators that most fully characterize the efficiency of open ground vegetable production and depend on the volume of gross collection should be taken into account. This is the level of marketability, cost price, labor intensity, sales price and level of profitability. The method of cluster analysis was used to determine typical farms of vegetable producers, in particular their structure. To carry out the cluster analysis, 3.464 farms of various forms of ownership and sizes were analyzed, the total planted area of vegetable crops amounted to 262.2 thousand hectares, and the corresponding natural and climatic zone was also taken into account. Having analyzed the efficiency of growing vegetables depending on the area of sowing, it was established that the rational area of sowing vegetables, where it is most economically expedient to grow them, is 100–150 hectares, depending on the type of product and its varietal composition. Using the methodology developed by us, the parameters of and vegetable storages the nomenclature of storage equipment were determined using the example of carrots and potatoes, the necessary number of vegetable storages for Ukraine as a whole was calculated, depending on the volume of produced products, namely vegetables of the borscht set. Conclusions. A well-founded method of coordinating the parameters of the material and technical base for storing vegetables with the production programs of agricultural enterprises and the market situation makes it possible to determine the necessary working volume of the vegetable storage, the area of the plot that will be occupied by the vegetable storage and the equipment nomenclature and their quantitative composition depending on the con juncture of the market and the necessary volume of storage of vegetables. It has been established that in order to meet the needs of the domestic market, Ukraine needs about 1.4 million tons of storage capacity for potatoes and 300 million tons for vegetables. The rational capacity for storage is: 80 thousand tons for carrots, 20 thousand tons for beets, 120 thousand tons for onions, and 80 thousand tons for cabbage. The rational capacity for storing vegetables is a vegetable storage for 4-5 thousand tons and a potato storage for 2- 3 thousand tons. Keywords: trends, vegetables, productivity, vegetable production, transport, analysis, logistics, storage.

Spherical storage facilities as an energy-saving innovation in small business forms

Ensuring food security is a priority for the development of Russian agriculture. In this regard, the increase in the number of refrigeration plants for storing agricultural and other products, which require a significant amount of electric energy to generate cold, necessitates the search and development of new energy-efficient sources of cold supply. The solution to this problem is possible due to the commissioning of fruit and vegetable storages of a buried type of spherical shape. The calculation of heat losses indicates a significant superiority of such fruit and vegetable storages over standard ones - with flat enclosing surfaces, and the use of cold charging of the carrier soil mass contributes to the regulation of the storage mode of products in the optimal range of temperature values, which ensures a long period of quality assurance.

The inadequacy of current carbon storage assessment methods for rewilding: A Knepp Estate case study

Abstract In the context of global climate change mitigation, carbon storage in woody vegetation plays a crucial role. Recognising the value of the i‐Tree Eco model for carbon storage in urban and forestry settings, this study aimed to explore its applicability to rewilded landscapes. Using direct measurements from destructively sampled scrub from the Knepp Estate, our goal was to determine the model's suitability to this landscape. Our findings reveal that these methods are not appropriate for multi‐stemmed trees below browsing height, as we observed no significant relationship between stem basal diameter and height. The i‐Tree tool's assumption of below‐ground biomass being 26% of above‐ground biomass may not be applicable to herbivore‐influenced landscapes. Additionally, we found that, on average, scrub at Knepp had more biomass below the ground than above, with a root:shoot ratio of 1.07, which is more than four times the amount predicted by current models using the 0.26 estimate ratio. This study underscores the need for novel allometric approaches that consider species‐specific biomass and the impact of external factors, such as herbivory, on carbon storage. Accurate carbon accounting in future rewilding projects is essential for their contribution to both biodiversity enhancement and climate change mitigation. While the i‐Tree Eco model provides valuable insights for many ecosystems, our findings suggest that its applicability may be limited in scrubland ecosystems, especially in rewilded landscapes where natural processes create semi‐stable scrub and open wood pastures. Nonetheless, with suitable adjustments or when complemented with other methods, the i‐Tree Eco model could be a valuable tool for specific scrub or rewilding scenarios.

Improvement of drying technology of plums by combination and ultra-high frequency methods

The article presents the developed innovative vacuum-sublimation drying installation and technology for drying fruits and vegetables. Technical instructions and technical and technological parameters have been developed. The purpose of the scientific work is to improve the technology of freeze drying. In this article, based on studying the process of freeze-drying vegetables and analyzing the main parameters of its control, drying equipment has been created. It has been shown that during storage and use of fruits and vegetables, an increase in the level of organoleptic indicators (shape, size, taste, color and smell) has been achieved in comparison with analogues. The value of the research work lies in the fact that a technology for freeze-drying vegetables using ultra-high frequency energy transfer has been developed and a device has been created. The study discussed issues related to compliance with regulations and rules.

Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Floor Depression on the Extent of Thermal Interaction with the Ground and Energy Management Using a Vegetable Cold Store as an Example

The thermal interaction between cooling facilities and the ground is most often discussed in terms of the appropriate insulation of building partitions. Unfortunately, there is little information about the potential of using ground thermal accumulation to support the shaping of the microclimate in cooling facilities by embedding them in the ground. This problem is particularly important in the context of striving to reduce the energy demand of buildings. The article discusses a new scientific problem related to the effect of vegetable cold storage floors being recessed into the ground on the surrounding land’s impact range and on its energy management. Validation of the numerical model was performed based on actual year-round field surveys. These surveys were conducted in a free-standing vegetable cold storage facility located in southern Poland. The results of the study allowed us to determine the contribution of the land to the energy balance of the cold storage. A floor recessed into the ground doubled the ground’s contribution to the energy balance. The most important research results showed that the range of thermal impact on the surrounding ground also increased by 2.0 m more than that of a building with the floor located at ground level. An evaluation of the heat flow between the cold storage and the ground in the cases analyzed was also carried out. The analysis of the ground heat exchange balance on an annual basis showed high energy gains of 2055 kWh. The total energy demand for cooling was 1723 kWh, while it was 1204 kWh for heating. The results of the analysis of the heat exchange intensity between the indoor air and the ground showed that the ground contribution accounted for 16.6% of the total energy balance of the cold storage. The highest energy gains from the ground were found in October and amounted to 478 kWh. Due to the summer shutdown, there was an intense heat flow to the ground in July, which amounted to 588 kWh.

Current state assessment and development perspectives of the agricultural sector of Ukraine in the post-war conditions

The Ukrainian agricultural market plays an important role in the economy of our country and in general has a huge potential for further development. Ukraine’s postwar prospects in agriculture promise to be encouraging, despite some challenges and problems faced by this sector. Agriculture is an important component of the national economy of the state, and is also a source of income from exports. The peculiarity of one of the main branches of agriculture — crop production is that its production is seasonal and the circulation of advanced capital is slow. Today, the dairy industry, logistics, storage of vegetables and fruits, and increased investments in sugar beet production require the most investments in Ukraine. However, despite these problems, Ukraine’s post-war prospects in agriculture remain encouraging. The country continues to be one of the world’s largest producers of agricultural products. Ukraine has the potential to increase the volume of production and export of various types of agricultural products, such as grain, dairy products, meat, vegetables and fruits. The purpose of the article is to study the current state and directions of development of the agricultural sector of Ukraine in the conditions of the post-war state. The article emphasizes that the ukranian agriculture has its own characteristics, which will significantly affect the post-war recovery of the industry, which is primarily related to the relative immobility of resources, which is a barrier to their redistribution (except for labor resources) from agriculture to other industries.

Fruit and vegetable production in Kazakhstan: status, problems and ways of solution

The development of fruit and vegetable sector is given special attention throughout the world. The production of fruits and vegetables is an important component of the agro-industrial complex and one of the most common types of agricultural activities in terms of the income of small and medium-sized producers and the food security of the republic. Fruits and vegetables, being a source of vital minerals and vitamins, occupy one of the key places in the diet and are among the essential goods. Goal - current issues of increasing the efficiency of fruit and vegetable production and its potential are considered. Methods - analysis, comparison, generalization, allowing to identify problems whose solution is important for the food supply of the country's population. Results - the experience of world practice of market trade in horticultural products was studied. The authors substantiate the need to develop and implement measures of state support for elite seed farms and originators of varieties, create and restore infrastructure for the procurement, storage, processing and sale of vegetables, berries and fruits, organize wholesale markets for environmentally friendly vegetable raw materials. The state of fruit and vegetable subcomplex is shown. An analysis of the volumes of cultivation of fruit and vegetable crops by various organizational and legal entities is given. Examples of an effective sales system for fruits and vegetables abroad and mechanisms for the distribution of products are given. The need for state regulation and stimulation of the fruit and vegetable industry is noted. Conclusions - there are all the prerequisites for expanding and further building the potential of competitive and sustainable agricultural formations in the fruit and vegetable sector, capable of fully satisfying domestic consumer demand. This can be achieved through the introduction of new resource-saving technologies, the implementation of high-tech projects taking into account adaptation to climate change, environmental protection, and maintaining balance in the food supply chain.

Analysis Of The Application Of Fruit And Vegetable Storage At The Grand Istana Rama Hotel Bali

Hotel operations are not only about room rentals. Customer satisfaction with the services provided is also assessed from the cuisine served at the hotel restaurant. Fulfilment of customer satisfaction, especially in the food sector, is supported by qualified storage infrastructure. This study aims to determine the important role of cold storage in fruit and vegetable storage at Grand Istana Rama Hotel Bali. Data collection techniques using the interview method of resource persons, namely food management and beverages department. In addition, research is carried out through direct observation of activities, and literature and literature studies as secondary data. Data analysis is carried out in a qualitative descriptive manner by summarizing, describing, and analysing the condition of the situation at the hotel. Based on the results of the study, it was found that cold storage is considered very important in restaurant operations, especially when food ingredients arrive at the hotel but are not immediately processed. Cold storage has benefits for maintaining the quality and freshness of fruit raw materials, avoiding viral and bacterial contamination, and reducing the use of preservatives in fruits and vegetables. This research will provide information related to the process of storing fruits and vegetables using cold storage to maintain freshness.

Advances in loquat post‐harvest preservation and the application of nanotechnology for its active packaging

AbstractThe loquat fruit is liked by many people for its rich nutritional value. However, loquats do not tolerate storage during post‐harvest storage and transportation and are prone to spoilage, making their value significantly reduced. The physical, chemical, and biological preservation techniques for loquat are discussed in this work; nevertheless, the conventional preservation techniques have drawbacks, including high costs and a lot of residues. The article reviewed major uses of nanotechnology based on its properties, which are expected to make up for the shortcomings of conventional preservation methods through extending the post‐harvest storage period and improving the post‐harvest quality of fruits and vegetables with the removal of ethylene, antioxidants, and antimicrobials. The article concludes with a summary of the ways that nanotechnology is now helping to improve the quality of loquats after harvest and increase their shelf life. The development of nanotechnology‐related preservation technologies may be very beneficial for post‐harvest fruits and vegetables because of recent advancements in quality control methods and technologies. Nanotechnology is anticipated to become a state‐of‐the‐art substitute for post‐harvest fruit and vegetable storage and transportation.

Novel Efficient Physical Technologies for Enhancing Freeze Drying of Fruits and Vegetables: A Review.

Drying is the main technical means of fruit and vegetable processing and storage; freeze drying is one of the best dehydration processes for fruit and vegetables, and the quality of the final product obtained is the highest. The process is carried out under vacuum and at low temperatures, which inhibits enzymatic activity and the growth and multiplication of micro-organisms, and better preserves the nutrient content and flavor of the product. Despite its many advantages, freeze drying consumes approximately four to ten times more energy than hot-air drying, and is more costly, so freeze drying can be assisted by means of highly efficient physical fields. This paper reviews the definition, principles and steps of freeze drying, and introduces the application mechanisms of several efficient physical fields such as ultrasonic, microwave, infrared radiation and pulsed electric fields, as well as the application of efficient physical fields in the freeze drying of fruits and vegetables. The application of high efficiency physical fields with freeze drying can improve drying kinetics, increase drying rates and maintain maximum product quality, providing benefits in terms of energy, time and cost. Efficient physical field and freeze drying technologies can be well linked to sustainable deep processing of fruit and vegetables and have a wide range of development prospects.

Shelf life enhancement technique of Musa acuminata in a controlled environment and optimization of process parameters affecting shelf life using genetic algorithm.

An economical and effective storage solution has been designed in this work for the storage of postharvest fruits and vegetables. Musa acuminata or banana has a shelf life of 5-6 days in open uncontrolled environment. This article reports a storage solution of M. acuminata in a controlled enclosure containing titanium oxide (TiO2 )-coated inner walls and irradiated with ultraviolet ray of band "C," an air filtration unit, 5% by volume potassium permanganate (KMnO4 ) solution in a clay pot, grow lights, and activated charcoal granules. The same fruit was kept in an uncontrolled environment too. The percentages of dark spots on banana (M. acuminata) upon storage in controlled and uncontrolled environments have been estimated using an image-processing algorithm. The prediction of dark spots was conducted using multi-linear and multivariate polynomial regression. Experimentation with optimum process parameters obtained with genetic algorithm resulted in a shelf life extension of 6 days as compared to its storage in an uncontrolled environment. The setup can be used in vegetable and fruit markets for the extension of shelf life of postharvest perishable items in a compact and cost-effective manner. The setup does not use any refrigeration process thereby decreasing energy requirement.