Vegetative Rootstocks Research Articles

The effect of rootstocks on the growth and yielding of sour cherry cv. 'Łutówka'

The strength of growth of 'Łutówka' trees was related to the soil quality and the rootstock. Measurements of the tree trunks and the crown size showed that on fertile soil the trees grafted on Mahaleb cherry grew worse, forming by 12% thinner trunks and by over 20% (significantly) smaller crowns as compared to Mazzard cherry trees. On poor sandy-loamy soil the crowns of trees grafted on Mahaleb were significantly, more than 40% bigger than those on Mazzard cherry. No significant differences in the yielding and productivity of trees grafted on Mahaleb and Mazzard cherry trees were found on grey brown podzolic soil. The experiment conducted on sandy-loamy soil pointed to significant differences in the yielding and productivity between 'Łutówka' trees grafted on the studied rootstocks. The trees grafted on Mahaleb cherry in both studied years were characterized by significantly greater productivity than on the other rootstocks. Significantly higher yields were gathered from the trees on Mahaleb cherry than on vegetative rootstocks, and by 70% higher than on Mazzard cherry. P-HL A rootstock is of little use in the planting of 'Łutówka', which grown poorly on light soils. Besides poor growth and yielding, in longer dry periods the studies found the appearance of chlorosis of magnesium on older leaves, and even wilting of the leaves.

Flavonol and phenolic acid composition of sweet cherries (cv. Lapins) produced on six different vegetative rootstocks

The effect of rootstock (‘MaxMa 14’, ‘Weiroot 13’, ‘PiKu 1’, ‘Weiroot 158’, ‘Gisela 5’ and ‘F12/1’) on phenolic acid and flavonol content of “Lapins” sweet cherry was investigated. Phenolic acids and flavonols were isolated from sweet cherries and analyzed by using reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The major phenolic acids in sweet cherries were neochlorogenic acid (18–50 mg kg −1), chlorogenic acid (19–62 mg kg −1) and p-coumaric acid derivatives (15–125 mg kg −1). The amount of flavonol quercetin-3-rutinoside (8–37 mg kg −1) was significant as well. There are significant variations in the phenolic compound content among sweet cherry fruits grown on trees grafted on different vegetative rootstocks. The significantly higher chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, p-coumaric derivative and quercetin-3-rutinoside contents were found in sweet cherry fruits grown on trees grafted on ‘Weiroot 13’ and ‘PiKu 1’ rootstocks. Sweet cherries produced on trees grafted on other rootstocks had significantly lower phenolic compound content.

HERBIGATION IN A CHERRY ORCHARD – EFFICIENCY OF PENDIMETHALIN

HERBIGATION IN A CHERRY ORCHARD – EFFICIENCY OF PENDIMETHALIN

Vegetative Rootstocks Recently Registered and Promising Selections of the Stone Fruit Species

In Romania, several vegetative rootstocks for the stone-fruit species have been registered lately. Adaptabil and Miroper are the first vegetative rootstocks for peach registered in Romania (2000) and Apricor is the first vegetative rootstocks for apricot registered in 2006. All these rootstocks are developed from interspecific hybrids. The present paper presents the rooting capacity of the mentioned rootstock propagated by softwood and hardwood cuttings. The behaviour under orchard conditions of the new vegetative rootstocks, grafted with the most important peach and apricot varieties is also presented. Other several valuable selections from the experimental plots, are going to be registered in the near future: B 83/5, (BxA)83/21, (BxA)83/44, RoP88.06.003. The first results regarding their vegetative propagation are discussed in detail.

The Effect of Rootstocks on the Fruit Characteristic Attributes of ‘Jonica’ Apples

The Effect of Rootstocks on the Fruit Characteristic Attributes of ‘Jonica’ Apples Apples of ‘Jonica’ originated from mature trees grown on various vegetative rootstocks (M.9, M.26, P22, P 59 and P 60) were subjected to quality evaluations at harvest, after storage and after simulated shelf-life. Fruits were picked at optimum harvest date and stored accordingly to recommended in Poland for that cultivar conditions. At harvest, fruit with the highest flesh firmness were obtained from trees on P59, P22 and P60. The same effects of those rootstocks on providing higher firmness of fruits were observed after storage and additional shelf life period. Lower firmness values were noted in the case of fruit from trees on rootstocks M.9 and M.26, respectively. Total soluble contents of fruit from trees on P59, P22 were significantly higher than in the case of other rootstocks under study. Titratable acidity of fruits from trees on P59 and M.26 was higher than in fruits from other rootstocks. Dry matter of fruit from trees grown on rootstock P59 were the highest, followed by fruit from P22 and M.9 respectively. Physiological disorders (bitter pit and breakdown) were noted during post-storage phase if only M.9 and M.26 rootstocks were used. Weight loses during storage due to transpiration and respiration did not show the effect of rootstocks. The lowest shares of sound fruit after storage and after simulated shelf life period were observed for fruit from trees grafted on rootstock M.9.

Calcium Sulfate Improves Salinity Tolerance in Rootstocks of Plum

ABSTRACT Three vegetative rootstocks of plum (Prunus domestica), Marianna GF 8-1 (Prunus cerasifera × munsoniana), Myrobolan B (P. Cerasifera) and Pixy (P. Insititia) were grown in pots containing sand and irrigated with complete nutrient solution to investigate the effect of calcium sulfate supplied to the nutrient solution on plants grown under salt stress. Treatments were (1) control (C): nutrient solution alone; (2) S (salinity stress): 40 mM NaCl; (3) S+Ca1: 40 mM NaCl +2.5 mM calcium (Ca) and (4) S+Ca2: 40 mM NaCl + 5 mM Ca. Calcium was supplied as CaSO4. The plants grown under 40 mol L−1 NaCl produced less dry matter and had lower chlorophyll content than those without NaCl. Supplementary CaSO4 at both 2.5 and 5 mM concentrations ameliorated the negative effects of salinity on plant dry matter and chlorophyll content. Salt treatment impaired membrane permeability by increasing electrolyte leakage. The addition of calcium sulfate partially maintained membrane permeability. Sodium (Na) concentration in plant tissues increased in both leaves and roots of plants under the high NaCl treatment. Pixy had much lower Na. The CaSO4 treatments lowered significantly the concentrations of Na in both leaves and roots. Pixy was more tolerant to salinity than the other two rootstocks. The accumulation of Na in leaves and roots indicates a possible mechanism whereby Pixy copes with salinity in the rooting medium, and/or may indicate the existence of an inhibition mechanism of Na transport to leaves. Concentrations of Ca and K were lower in the plants grown at high NaCl than in those under the control treatment, and these two element concentrations were increased by calcium sulfate treatments in both leaves and roots, but remained lower than control values in most cases.

Efeitos de filtros e alturas de enxertia no desenvolvimento e produção da mangueira, var. Tommy Atkins

Estudou-se o efeito da introdução de filtros, com duas dimensões (15 e 30cm), de três variedades de mangueiras (Coquinho, Carlota e Imperial) e duas alturas de enxertia (25 e 55cm), na var. Tommy-Atkins, enxertada na var. Espada. Os resultados mostraram que os tratamentos não afetaram o desenvolvimento vegetativo das mangueiras, avaliados após seis anos de implantação do experimento, através dos parâmetros: perímetro do porta-enxerto e filtro, altura e diâmetro da copa. As produções de frutos analisadas após quatro colheitas, embora acusassem certa variação entre os tratamentos, não foram estatisticamente significantes.

Factors Governing Fruit Bud Formation. IX. A Study of the Relation Between Leaf Area and Internode Length in the shoots of Worcester pearmain Apple, As Affected by Six Different Vegetative Rootstocks.

Factors Governing Fruit Bud Formation. IX. A Study of the Relation Between Leaf Area and Internode Length in the shoots of Worcester pearmain Apple, As Affected by Six Different Vegetative Rootstocks.

Factors Governing Fruit Bud Formation.: VIII. The Seasonal Elongation Growth of Apple Varieties on Some Vegetative Rootstocks; and its Possible Relation to Fruit Bud Formation.

Factors Governing Fruit Bud Formation.: VIII. The Seasonal Elongation Growth of Apple Varieties on Some Vegetative Rootstocks; and its Possible Relation to Fruit Bud Formation.