Vegetation In Water Bodies Research Articles

FAUNAL AND ECOLOGICAL FEATURES OF BLACKFLIES IN STATE BUDGETARY INSTITUTION SPORTS SCHOOL OF THE OLYMPIC RESERVE FOR EQUESTRIAN SPORTS, KALUGA

The article describes the faunal and ecological features of two species of blackflies common on the territory of the SBI "Sports School of the Olympic Reserve for Equestrian Sports" in Kaluga: Wilhelmia equina (Linnaeus, 1758) and Odagmia ornata (Meigen, 1818), which can cause simuliidotoxicosis of animals. The studied species are very widespread. Species Wilhelmia equina: their habitat is in rivers of medium and small sizes, sometimes in streams, the flow rate of which is 0.25–0.6 m/s. Blackflies in preimaginal stages settle on aquatic vegetation and underwater objects. The preimaginal stage develops at a water temperature of 2–23 oC with content of oxygen dissolved in water of 51–88%. On average, 2–3 generations are recorded per year. The adults of the first generation fly out in late May – early June, the second generation in late July – early August and the third generation in mid September. Odagmia ornata: it lives in various water bodies from small streams to large rivers. Larvae and pupae inhabit vegetation in water bodies and various objects. The species is unpretentious to water temperature and develops at temperatures from 4 to 21 oC and water flow rate 0.3–0.9 m/s with the required content of oxygen dissolved in water 42–82%. Three generations are recorded per year. The emergence and pupation of the first generation of adults is observed in early and mid-May, when the water temperature reaches 8–10 oС, and the second generation in July when the water temperature is from 11 to 22 oС. The third generation is observed in late August – early September, when the water temperature is 16–19 oC. It is considered an active blood-sucking insect for domestic animals.

Floristic diversity of Dagestan florocoenotypes

The paper provides information on the floristic diversity of the florocenotypes of Dagestan 43 florocenotypes and 3 types of plant communities in anthropogenically altered habitats which are combined into three groups have been identified. It is registered that the most floristically rich florocoenotypes in the lowlands and in the zone of low foothills are shrub steppes (498 species), xerophilous forests and light forests of the Mediterranean type (462), forbs dry steppes of foothills (431) and herbcereal dry meadows of foothills (334), and in the mountain areas: polyurus vegetation (499 species), steppe after forest meadows (381), mixed deciduous forests (362), subalpine meadows (312) and xerophytic lithophyton with 310 species. Floristically poor florocenotypes are aquatic vegetation of mountain lakes with 14 species, vegetation of water bodies (53 species), precaspian floodplains (67) and precaspian curtain meadows (78 species). During the analysis of the floristic similarity, the florocoenotypes were combined into several clades, which we conditionally distinguished into the following groups: desert, hydrophytic, mesophytic, steppe, and arid.

(Рецензия) В. В. Чепинога. Флора и растительность водоемов Байкальской Сибири / Отв. ред. О. А. Аненхонов. Иркутск: Изд-во Института географии им. В. Б. Сочавы СО РАН, 2015. 468 с.

The monograph presents the results of long-term studies of flora and vegetation of waterbodies (with standing and flowing water) in Baikal Siberia (Irkutsk Oblast, Republic of Buryatia. Zabaikalskii Krai). The hydrophilous flora of the region includes 380 vascular plant species. The distribution of plants is characterized by their occurrence in 46 units (regions) of the regional division. Taxonomical, geographical, karyolofloristic, ecological and biological analyses for the regional hydrophilous flora is performed. Vegetation diversity of waterbodies is described in tradition of floristic classification (Braun-Blanquet approach). For the studied region, 105 associations belonging to 5 classes are described based on more than 2600 relevés. Using original landscape approach in hydrobotany, the special heterogeneity of flora and vegetation is analyzed in the series of 7 "local hydrophylous floras" crossing Baikal Siberia from west to east. The heterogeneity is examined at 3 levels of spatial organization: microecotopes, mesoecotopes (waterbodies types) and landscape level.

Dynamics of the Higher Aquatic Vegetation of Water Bodies of the Danube Kiliya Delta under Anthropogenic Impact

Dynamics of the Higher Aquatic Vegetation of Water Bodies of the Danube Kiliya Delta under Anthropogenic Impact

Use of Landsat ETM+ data for delineation of water bodies in hilly zones

The remotely sensed Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) dataset is used for the detection and delineation of water bodies in hilly zones. The water bodies were detected using Surface Wetness Index (SWI), Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and a slope map. The assessment of areas under dense vegetation in water bodies is omitted in the combined map prepared using classified raster images showing (1) the distribution of ‘water’ and ‘non-water’ based on SWI and (2) the distribution of ‘vegetation’ and ‘non-vegetation’ based on NDVI. The shadows' effect in estimated areas under water bodies is detected and delineated using the combination of (1) a combined raster image (classified SWI and NDVI) and (2) a slope map. About 3.8% (1370 ha) of the total area reviewed is estimated under water bodies with 91.74% overall accuracy. The water bodies include (1) major and minor dams, (2) watered streams, (3) springs distributed in foothill zones and (4) small dams on minor streams. The relatively smaller water body objects, i.e. streams and springs, have estimated less producer's (92–96%) and user's (85–92%) accuracy than the major water bodies, i.e. 96.77% producer's and 100% for user's accuracy.

Improntas foliares de la Formación La Ollita (Mioceno), Valle del Cura, Cordillera Frontal, provincia de San Juan, Argentina

Leaf imprints from the La Ollita Formation (Miocene), Valle del Cura, Cordillera Frontal, San Juan province, Argentina. A monospecific collection of leaf imprints is described. This set belongs to one freshwater angiosperm species corresponding to the Hydrocharitaceae, so that this family must have formed part of the aquatic vegetation in water bodies probably entailing the Paranense sea.

The breeding requirements of three members of the Anopheles gambiae Giles complex (Diptera: Culicidae) in the endemic malaria area of Natal, South Africa

AbstractThe breeding sites used by three species of the Anopheles gambiae Giles complex were investigated in northern Natal, South Africa. Those used by the two freshwater species, A. arabiensis Patton and A. quadriannulatus (Theobald) were similar, immature stages of both being collected from the same pool at five out of seven localities from which A. arabiensis was recorded. A. quadriannulatus was the most extensively distributed species of the complex and was found in association with A. arabiensis at only five of 49 localities. The difficulty in locating the breeding sites of A. arabiensis is a product of their low density, presumably as a result of the intra-domiciliary, residual insecticide spray programme. A. merus Dönitz larvae and pupae were recorded only in water with a salinity greater than 5 p.p.t. The pH, dissolved oxygen, pool size, turbidity, shade and association with vegetation of water bodies containing A. gambiae s.l. were also recorded and showed no difference between the three species. The importance of distinguishing between winter and summer breeding sites is discussed, as well as the need for entomological consultation prior to agricultural development in endemic malarious areas.